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Papers by Osmar Antonio Jaramillo Morales

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

ObjectiveThe antinociceptive pharmacological interaction between N-palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) an... more ObjectiveThe antinociceptive pharmacological interaction between N-palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and morphine (MOR), as well as gabapentin (GBP), was investigated to obtain synergistic antinociception at doses where side effects were minimal. In addition, the possible antinociceptive mechanism of PEA + MOR or PEA + GBP combinations was explored.MethodsIndividual dose-response curves (DRCs) of PEA, MOR and GBP were evaluated in female mice in which intraplantar nociception was induced with 2% formalin. Isobolographic method was used to detect the pharmacological interaction in the combination of PEA + MOR or PEA + GBP.Key findingsThe ED50 was calculated from the DRC; the order of potency was MOR > PEA > GBP. The isobolographic analysis was obtained at a 1:1 ratio to determine the pharmacological interaction. The experimental values of flinching (PEA + MOR, Zexp = 2.72 ± 0.2 μg/paw and PEA + GBP Zexp = 2.77 ± 0.19 μg/paw) were significantly lower than those calculated theoreticall...

Plants

Pharmacological treatment of pain often causes undesirable effects, so it is necessary to look fo... more Pharmacological treatment of pain often causes undesirable effects, so it is necessary to look for natural, safe, and effective alternatives to alleviate painful behavior. In this context, it is known that different parts of pomegranate have been widely consumed and used as preventive and therapeutic agents since ancient times. For example, it has been shown to have an antinociceptive effect, however, there are many varieties. Each part has been found to display unique and attractive pharmacological activities. The content of the active phytochemicals in pomegranate depends on the cultivar, geographical region, the maturity, and the processing method. In this context, the effects of various pomegranate varieties and other parts of the pomegranate (e.g., peel and juice) on pain behavior have not been examined. The aim was to evaluate and compare the antinociceptive effect of ethanolic extracts (PEx) and lyophilized juices (Lj) of three varieties of pomegranate in the formalin test. I...

Clinics and Practice

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can directly or indirectly affect the central and peripheral ... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can directly or indirectly affect the central and peripheral nervous systems, resulting in cognitive impairment, memory problems, and a wide range of neuromuscular involvement, including neuropathies. However, the long-term neurological complications of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are not clear. The aim this study was to analyze a case report the presence of neurological sequelae due to post-Coronavirus disease 19 in a patient without apparent previous neurological symptoms. Clinical case: A 46-year-old patient, with no relevant history for the described condition, who, after severe COVID-19 infection, started a mixed neuropathy and mental fog syndrome as the main sequel. Multiple laboratory and imaging studies were performed during and after his hospital stay, and it was corroborated by an electromyography that it occurred from a neuropathy triggered by COVID-19 infection. Conclusions: This case provides...

JÓVENES EN LA CIENCIA, Sep 7, 2021

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2021

European Journal of Pharmacology, 2021

Preclinical studies have reported that sigma-1 receptor antagonists may have efficacy in neuropat... more Preclinical studies have reported that sigma-1 receptor antagonists may have efficacy in neuropathic pain states. The sigma-1 receptor is a unique ligand-operated chaperone present in crucial areas for pain control, in both the peripheral and central nervous system. This study assesses the synergistic antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effect of haloperidol, a sigma-1 antagonist, combined with gabapentin in rats with peripheral neuropathy. Wistar rats male were subjected to chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve. The effects of systemic administration of gabapentin and the sigma-1 receptor antagonist, haloperidol, were examined at 11 days post-CCI surgery. An analysis of Surface of Synergistic Interaction was used to determine whether the combination's effects were synergistic. Twelve combinations showed various degrees of interaction in the antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects. In hyperalgesia, three combinations showed additive effects, four combinations showed supra-additive effects, and three combinations produced an effect limited by the maximum effect. In allodynia, five combinations showed additive effects, two combinations showed supra-additive effects, and five combinations produced antihyperalgesic effects limited by the maximum effect. These findings indicate that the administration of some specific combination of gabapentin and haloperidol can synergistically reduce nerve injury-induced allodynia and hyperalgesia. This suggests that the haloperidol-gabapentin combination can improve the antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects in a neuropathic pain model.

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the analgesic activity of lyophilized juice of Pu... more Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the analgesic activity of lyophilized juice of Punica granatum L., obtained from Hidalgo, Mexico, in theformalin test.Methods: We extracted the juice manually, filtered it and then dried down in a lyophilizer machine. We evaluated the antinociceptive effect oflyophilized juice from pomegranate in the formalin test (2%) in male Wistar rats (180–200 g body weight). Thirty minutes before the test, a dose of316 mg/kg (lyophilized juice) and acetylsalicylic acid as reference drug (100 mg/kg) both were administered intragastrically (i.g.).Results: The oral administration of lyophilized juice of pomegranate showed a significant decrease in the number of flinches in the temporal courseand a significant antinociceptive effect in nociceptive and inflammatory pain compared with the vehicle. In the same way, this effect appeared with thedrug of reference (acetylsalicylic acid 100 mg/kg i.g). Furthermore, it was shown that juice had a 34% of antino...

Plants, 2020

Punica protopunica Balf. is one of only two species housed by the Punica genera. Punica protopuni... more Punica protopunica Balf. is one of only two species housed by the Punica genera. Punica protopunica. Balf., known as Socotran pomegranate, is an endemic, isolated species found only in Socotra archipelago in the northwestern Indian Ocean, and is considered to be the ancestor of pomegranate. This review stems from the fact that in many Punica granatum L. articles, Punica protopunica Balf. is mentioned, but just in an informative way, without mentioning their taxonomic and genetic relationship and their medicinal properties. It is there where the need arises to know more about this forgotten species: “the other pomegranate tree.” A large part of the human population does not know of its existence, since only its “sister” has spread throughout the world. The present review deals with the taxonomy and origin of Punica protopunica Balf., the morphology of the tree, distribution, cultivation, vulnerability, and as well as its relationship with Punica granatum L. It also discusses its uses...

Molecules, 2021

Several modern drugs, which are derived from traditional herbal medicine are used in contemporary... more Several modern drugs, which are derived from traditional herbal medicine are used in contemporary pharmacotherapy. Currently, the study of drug–plant interactions in pain has increased in recent years, looking for greater efficacy of the drug and reduce side effects. The antinociception induced by intragastric co-administration of the combination of pomegranate peel extract (PoPEx) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was assessed using the isobolographic analysis in formalin test (nociceptive and inflammatory pain). The effective dose that produced 30% of antinociception (ED30) was calculated for both drugs from the logarithmic dose–response curves, subsequently generating a curve with the combination on fixed proportions (1:1) of PoPEx and ASA. Through isobolographic analysis, this experimental ED30 was compared with the calculated theoretical additive ED30. The result was a synergistic interaction, the experimental ED30 was significantly smaller (p < 0.05) than the theoretical ED30....

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020

The negative impact that oxidative stress has on health is currently known. The complex mechanism... more The negative impact that oxidative stress has on health is currently known. The complex mechanism of free radicals initiates a series of chain reactions that contribute to the evolution or development of different degenerative disorders. Likewise, these disorders are usually accompanied by inflammatory processes and, therefore, pain. In this sense, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to promote the nociceptive process, but effective treatment of pain and inflammation still represents a challenge. Over time, it has been learned that there is no single way to relieve pain, and as long as there are no other alternatives, the trend will continue to apply multidisciplinary management, such as promote the traditional use of the Erythrina genus to manage pain and inflammation. In this sense, the Erythrina genus produces a wide range of secondary metabolites, including flavanones, isoflavones, isoflavones, and pterocarpans; these compounds are characterized by their antioxidant ac...

Drug Development Research, 2020

Neuropathic pain is characterized by the presence of hyperalgesia and allodynia. Pharmacological ... more Neuropathic pain is characterized by the presence of hyperalgesia and allodynia. Pharmacological treatments include the use of antiepileptics such as pregabalin or gabapentin, as well as antidepressants; however, given the role of the sigma‐1 receptor in the generation and maintenance of pain, it has been suggested that sigma‐1 receptor antagonists may be effective. There are also other alternatives that have been explored, such as the use of flavonoids such as quercetin. Due to the relevance of drug combinations in therapeutics, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the combination of BD‐1063 with quercetin in a chronic sciatic nerve constriction model using the “Surface of Synergistic Interaction” analysis method. The combination had preferable additive or synergistic effects, with BD‐1063 (17.8 mg/kg) + QUER (5.6 mg/kg) showing the best antinociceptive effects. The required doses were also lower than those used individually to obtain the same level of effect. Our results provide the first evidence that the combination of a sigma‐1 receptor antagonist and the flavonoid quercetin may be useful in the treatment of nociceptive behaviors associated with neuropathic pain, suggesting a new therapeutic alternative for this type of pain.

Educación y Salud Boletín Científico Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, 2020

El ácido acético del salicilato (AAS), es rápidamente absorbido por el estómago y la parte superi... more El ácido acético del salicilato (AAS), es rápidamente absorbido por el estómago y la parte superior del intestino, el máximo nivel en el plasma de salicilato es entre 60 y 90 minutos. Después de su absorción como AAS se hidroxila a ácido acético y salicilato por esterasas en los tejidos y la sangre, los efectos del AAS sobre la célula son complejos y los principales mecanismos incluyen la inhibición de la enzima ciclo-oxigenosa y el concomitante bloqueo de ambos prostaglandinas y síntesis de tromboxano. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar la eliminación de AAS en la orina de voluntarios sanos y la influencia que tiene la presentación del fármaco y el pH gastrointestinal en su eliminación. Para cumplir el objetivo se requirió de seis voluntarios sanos que tomaran 250 mg de AAS en las dos presentaciones del fármaco acompañados con diferentes bebidas (jugo de uva, naranja, eferente, leche, yogurt de mango), se utilizó de un espectrofotómetro en las muestras de orina rec...

Educación y Salud Boletín Científico Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, 2020

Este relato nos narra las experiencias como prisionero en los campos de concentración de Viktor F... more Este relato nos narra las experiencias como prisionero en los campos de concentración de Viktor Frankl. Donde el hombre en busca de sentido es mucho más que el testimonio de un psiquiatra sobre los hechos y los acontecimientos vividos en un campo de concentración, es una lección existencial. Dentro de los campos de concentración había dos tipos de prisioneros diferentes, a saber: el prisionero corriente, que sufría los trabajos más duros y recibía la crueldad de los soldados "capos", prisioneros que actuaban como especie de administradores y tenían privilegios especiales, para este trabajo se elegía únicamente a los más brutales. La logoterapia, es un método psicoterapéutico creado por el propio Frankl, se centra precisamente en el sentido de la existencia y en la búsqueda de ese sentido por parte del hombre, que asume la responsabilidad ante sí mismo, ante los demás y ante la vida. ¿Qué espera la vida de nosotros? Frankl nos enseña que siempre vamos a tener la libertad de...

Foods, 2020

The consumption of vegetables in Mexico includes a wide variety of plants that grow naturally as ... more The consumption of vegetables in Mexico includes a wide variety of plants that grow naturally as weeds in the fields. The intake of these vegetables is very important in the Mexican diet because these plants supply an important input of nutrients and compounds such as fiber, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Thus, the plants may be universally promoted as healthy. However, there is little information about these vegetables of popular consumption, especially in terms of the nutritional changes caused by boiling. To determine the influence of boiling on five plants of popular consumption in Mexico, the nutritional composition (proximal analysis, dietary fiber, and oxalates), antioxidant compounds (ascorbic acid, phenolics), antioxidant activity (measured by ABTS and DPPH assays), and physicochemical characteristics (water retention capacity, viscosity, color, and SEM) were evaluated. The boiling affected the nutritional composition of plants, mainly soluble compounds as carbohydra...

Applied Sciences, 2020

Recently, industry has been focusing on the development of new products made from food by-product... more Recently, industry has been focusing on the development of new products made from food by-products in order to reduce and take advantage of food wastes. The objective of this study was to evaluate tablet formulations developed by mixing two commercial excipients, microcrystalline cellulose (M) and α-lactose-monohydrate (L), added with powder from residues (mesocarp and pericarp) of green and red (G and R) cactus pear fruit (Opuntia ficus-indica L. Mill), having the following formulations: green with microcrystalline cellulose (GM), green with lactose (GL), red with microcrystalline cellulose (RM), and red with lactose (RL). The results showed lower disintegration times for the tablets with microcrystalline cellulose. The fiber functional properties presented good values for lipid and water holding capacity. There was a higher total phenolic content (TPC) in formulations with green cactus pear residue powder with microcrystalline cellulose and lactose (GM and GL, respectively), but t...

Plants, 2020

The use of complementary medicine has recently increased in an attempt to find effective alternat... more The use of complementary medicine has recently increased in an attempt to find effective alternative therapies that reduce the adverse effects of drugs. Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) has been used in traditional medicine for different kinds of pain. This review aims to explore the scientific evidence about the antinociceptive effect of pomegranate. A selection of original scientific articles that accomplished the inclusion criteria was carried out. It was found that different parts of pomegranate showed an antinociceptive effect; this effect can be due mainly by the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, or fatty acids. It is suggested in the literature that the mechanisms of action may be related to the activation of the L-arginine / NO pathway, members of the TRP superfamily (TRPA1 or TRPV1) and the opioid system. The implications for the field are to know the mechanisms of action by which this effect is generated and thus be able to create alternative treatments for specific typ...

Foods, 2020

The objective of this study is to evaluate the nutritional composition, antioxidant properties, a... more The objective of this study is to evaluate the nutritional composition, antioxidant properties, and functional characteristics of two cultivars of xoconostle Opuntia xoconostle F.A.C. Weber in Diguet cv. Cuaresmeño (XC) and Opuntia matudae Scheinvar cv. Rosa (XR). The samples were frozen (−32 °C, 48 h), lyophilized (96 h, −55 ± 1 °C, vacuum of 0.040 Mbar), and homogenized (size particle 500 μm) to get the xoconostle powder. Both cultivars (XC and XR) had a high content of carbohydrates characterized by soluble sugars (9.8 ± 0.7 and 29.9 ± 0.5 g/100 g dm) and dietary fiber (30.8 ± 0.7 and 36.8 ± 0.9 g/100 g dm), as well as lower proportions of organic acids, mainly citric acid (18.8 ± 0.0 and 13.6 ± 0.0 mg/100 g dm). These samples also had a high content of phenolic compounds (1580.3 ± 33.1 and 1068.5 ± 70.8 mg GAE/100 g dm), vitamin C (723.1 ± 16 and 320.2 ± 7.5 mg/100 g dm), and antioxidant activity ABTS·+ and DPPH· (between 1348.1 ± 74.0 and 3318.7 ± 178.8 µmol TE/100 g dm). Since...

Educación y Salud Boletín Científico Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, 2019

Objetivo: Determinar los factores que influyen en la calidad de vida del cuidador primario en pac... more Objetivo: Determinar los factores que influyen en la calidad de vida del cuidador primario en pacientes con enfermedades crónico no transmisibles: Diabetes Mellitus e Hipertensión Arterial del Centro de Salud de la localidad Benito Juárez en San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo. Material y método: Diseño del estudio no experimental, de tipo cuantitativo descriptivo transversal. La muestra fue de 12 personas, Cuidadores primarios de pacientes con enfermedades crónico no transmisibles: Diabetes Mellitus e Hipertensión Arterial de la localidad de Benito Juárez, de San Agustín Tlaxiaca. Se aplicó un instrumento que valora datos económicos, sociales y psicológicos del cuidador primario, el cual está conformado por 21 ítems. Resultados: se observó que la calidad de vida del cuidador primario de pacientes con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles: diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial en el centro de salud Benito Juárez, se ve afectada por los distintos factores que se identifican en relació...

Educación y Salud Boletín Científico Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, 2019

Hablar de medicamentos nos lleva hablar de muchas cosas, pero hablando que las fórmulas farmacéut... more Hablar de medicamentos nos lleva hablar de muchas cosas, pero hablando que las fórmulas farmacéuticas son bastante importantes para la rama de la farmacología porque estamos hablando que se adaptan los fármacos para poder construir un fármaco. Se pueden clasificar para su estudio atendiendo para responder a sistemas dispersos líquidos heterogéneos siendo las sustancias y emulsiones de uso oral, algunas gotas, formas semisólidas de alguna aplicación cutánea.

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

ObjectiveThe antinociceptive pharmacological interaction between N-palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) an... more ObjectiveThe antinociceptive pharmacological interaction between N-palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and morphine (MOR), as well as gabapentin (GBP), was investigated to obtain synergistic antinociception at doses where side effects were minimal. In addition, the possible antinociceptive mechanism of PEA + MOR or PEA + GBP combinations was explored.MethodsIndividual dose-response curves (DRCs) of PEA, MOR and GBP were evaluated in female mice in which intraplantar nociception was induced with 2% formalin. Isobolographic method was used to detect the pharmacological interaction in the combination of PEA + MOR or PEA + GBP.Key findingsThe ED50 was calculated from the DRC; the order of potency was MOR > PEA > GBP. The isobolographic analysis was obtained at a 1:1 ratio to determine the pharmacological interaction. The experimental values of flinching (PEA + MOR, Zexp = 2.72 ± 0.2 μg/paw and PEA + GBP Zexp = 2.77 ± 0.19 μg/paw) were significantly lower than those calculated theoreticall...

Plants

Pharmacological treatment of pain often causes undesirable effects, so it is necessary to look fo... more Pharmacological treatment of pain often causes undesirable effects, so it is necessary to look for natural, safe, and effective alternatives to alleviate painful behavior. In this context, it is known that different parts of pomegranate have been widely consumed and used as preventive and therapeutic agents since ancient times. For example, it has been shown to have an antinociceptive effect, however, there are many varieties. Each part has been found to display unique and attractive pharmacological activities. The content of the active phytochemicals in pomegranate depends on the cultivar, geographical region, the maturity, and the processing method. In this context, the effects of various pomegranate varieties and other parts of the pomegranate (e.g., peel and juice) on pain behavior have not been examined. The aim was to evaluate and compare the antinociceptive effect of ethanolic extracts (PEx) and lyophilized juices (Lj) of three varieties of pomegranate in the formalin test. I...

Clinics and Practice

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can directly or indirectly affect the central and peripheral ... more Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can directly or indirectly affect the central and peripheral nervous systems, resulting in cognitive impairment, memory problems, and a wide range of neuromuscular involvement, including neuropathies. However, the long-term neurological complications of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are not clear. The aim this study was to analyze a case report the presence of neurological sequelae due to post-Coronavirus disease 19 in a patient without apparent previous neurological symptoms. Clinical case: A 46-year-old patient, with no relevant history for the described condition, who, after severe COVID-19 infection, started a mixed neuropathy and mental fog syndrome as the main sequel. Multiple laboratory and imaging studies were performed during and after his hospital stay, and it was corroborated by an electromyography that it occurred from a neuropathy triggered by COVID-19 infection. Conclusions: This case provides...

JÓVENES EN LA CIENCIA, Sep 7, 2021

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2021

European Journal of Pharmacology, 2021

Preclinical studies have reported that sigma-1 receptor antagonists may have efficacy in neuropat... more Preclinical studies have reported that sigma-1 receptor antagonists may have efficacy in neuropathic pain states. The sigma-1 receptor is a unique ligand-operated chaperone present in crucial areas for pain control, in both the peripheral and central nervous system. This study assesses the synergistic antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effect of haloperidol, a sigma-1 antagonist, combined with gabapentin in rats with peripheral neuropathy. Wistar rats male were subjected to chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve. The effects of systemic administration of gabapentin and the sigma-1 receptor antagonist, haloperidol, were examined at 11 days post-CCI surgery. An analysis of Surface of Synergistic Interaction was used to determine whether the combination's effects were synergistic. Twelve combinations showed various degrees of interaction in the antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects. In hyperalgesia, three combinations showed additive effects, four combinations showed supra-additive effects, and three combinations produced an effect limited by the maximum effect. In allodynia, five combinations showed additive effects, two combinations showed supra-additive effects, and five combinations produced antihyperalgesic effects limited by the maximum effect. These findings indicate that the administration of some specific combination of gabapentin and haloperidol can synergistically reduce nerve injury-induced allodynia and hyperalgesia. This suggests that the haloperidol-gabapentin combination can improve the antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects in a neuropathic pain model.

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the analgesic activity of lyophilized juice of Pu... more Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the analgesic activity of lyophilized juice of Punica granatum L., obtained from Hidalgo, Mexico, in theformalin test.Methods: We extracted the juice manually, filtered it and then dried down in a lyophilizer machine. We evaluated the antinociceptive effect oflyophilized juice from pomegranate in the formalin test (2%) in male Wistar rats (180–200 g body weight). Thirty minutes before the test, a dose of316 mg/kg (lyophilized juice) and acetylsalicylic acid as reference drug (100 mg/kg) both were administered intragastrically (i.g.).Results: The oral administration of lyophilized juice of pomegranate showed a significant decrease in the number of flinches in the temporal courseand a significant antinociceptive effect in nociceptive and inflammatory pain compared with the vehicle. In the same way, this effect appeared with thedrug of reference (acetylsalicylic acid 100 mg/kg i.g). Furthermore, it was shown that juice had a 34% of antino...

Plants, 2020

Punica protopunica Balf. is one of only two species housed by the Punica genera. Punica protopuni... more Punica protopunica Balf. is one of only two species housed by the Punica genera. Punica protopunica. Balf., known as Socotran pomegranate, is an endemic, isolated species found only in Socotra archipelago in the northwestern Indian Ocean, and is considered to be the ancestor of pomegranate. This review stems from the fact that in many Punica granatum L. articles, Punica protopunica Balf. is mentioned, but just in an informative way, without mentioning their taxonomic and genetic relationship and their medicinal properties. It is there where the need arises to know more about this forgotten species: “the other pomegranate tree.” A large part of the human population does not know of its existence, since only its “sister” has spread throughout the world. The present review deals with the taxonomy and origin of Punica protopunica Balf., the morphology of the tree, distribution, cultivation, vulnerability, and as well as its relationship with Punica granatum L. It also discusses its uses...

Molecules, 2021

Several modern drugs, which are derived from traditional herbal medicine are used in contemporary... more Several modern drugs, which are derived from traditional herbal medicine are used in contemporary pharmacotherapy. Currently, the study of drug–plant interactions in pain has increased in recent years, looking for greater efficacy of the drug and reduce side effects. The antinociception induced by intragastric co-administration of the combination of pomegranate peel extract (PoPEx) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was assessed using the isobolographic analysis in formalin test (nociceptive and inflammatory pain). The effective dose that produced 30% of antinociception (ED30) was calculated for both drugs from the logarithmic dose–response curves, subsequently generating a curve with the combination on fixed proportions (1:1) of PoPEx and ASA. Through isobolographic analysis, this experimental ED30 was compared with the calculated theoretical additive ED30. The result was a synergistic interaction, the experimental ED30 was significantly smaller (p < 0.05) than the theoretical ED30....

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020

The negative impact that oxidative stress has on health is currently known. The complex mechanism... more The negative impact that oxidative stress has on health is currently known. The complex mechanism of free radicals initiates a series of chain reactions that contribute to the evolution or development of different degenerative disorders. Likewise, these disorders are usually accompanied by inflammatory processes and, therefore, pain. In this sense, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to promote the nociceptive process, but effective treatment of pain and inflammation still represents a challenge. Over time, it has been learned that there is no single way to relieve pain, and as long as there are no other alternatives, the trend will continue to apply multidisciplinary management, such as promote the traditional use of the Erythrina genus to manage pain and inflammation. In this sense, the Erythrina genus produces a wide range of secondary metabolites, including flavanones, isoflavones, isoflavones, and pterocarpans; these compounds are characterized by their antioxidant ac...

Drug Development Research, 2020

Neuropathic pain is characterized by the presence of hyperalgesia and allodynia. Pharmacological ... more Neuropathic pain is characterized by the presence of hyperalgesia and allodynia. Pharmacological treatments include the use of antiepileptics such as pregabalin or gabapentin, as well as antidepressants; however, given the role of the sigma‐1 receptor in the generation and maintenance of pain, it has been suggested that sigma‐1 receptor antagonists may be effective. There are also other alternatives that have been explored, such as the use of flavonoids such as quercetin. Due to the relevance of drug combinations in therapeutics, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the combination of BD‐1063 with quercetin in a chronic sciatic nerve constriction model using the “Surface of Synergistic Interaction” analysis method. The combination had preferable additive or synergistic effects, with BD‐1063 (17.8 mg/kg) + QUER (5.6 mg/kg) showing the best antinociceptive effects. The required doses were also lower than those used individually to obtain the same level of effect. Our results provide the first evidence that the combination of a sigma‐1 receptor antagonist and the flavonoid quercetin may be useful in the treatment of nociceptive behaviors associated with neuropathic pain, suggesting a new therapeutic alternative for this type of pain.

Educación y Salud Boletín Científico Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, 2020

El ácido acético del salicilato (AAS), es rápidamente absorbido por el estómago y la parte superi... more El ácido acético del salicilato (AAS), es rápidamente absorbido por el estómago y la parte superior del intestino, el máximo nivel en el plasma de salicilato es entre 60 y 90 minutos. Después de su absorción como AAS se hidroxila a ácido acético y salicilato por esterasas en los tejidos y la sangre, los efectos del AAS sobre la célula son complejos y los principales mecanismos incluyen la inhibición de la enzima ciclo-oxigenosa y el concomitante bloqueo de ambos prostaglandinas y síntesis de tromboxano. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar la eliminación de AAS en la orina de voluntarios sanos y la influencia que tiene la presentación del fármaco y el pH gastrointestinal en su eliminación. Para cumplir el objetivo se requirió de seis voluntarios sanos que tomaran 250 mg de AAS en las dos presentaciones del fármaco acompañados con diferentes bebidas (jugo de uva, naranja, eferente, leche, yogurt de mango), se utilizó de un espectrofotómetro en las muestras de orina rec...

Educación y Salud Boletín Científico Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, 2020

Este relato nos narra las experiencias como prisionero en los campos de concentración de Viktor F... more Este relato nos narra las experiencias como prisionero en los campos de concentración de Viktor Frankl. Donde el hombre en busca de sentido es mucho más que el testimonio de un psiquiatra sobre los hechos y los acontecimientos vividos en un campo de concentración, es una lección existencial. Dentro de los campos de concentración había dos tipos de prisioneros diferentes, a saber: el prisionero corriente, que sufría los trabajos más duros y recibía la crueldad de los soldados "capos", prisioneros que actuaban como especie de administradores y tenían privilegios especiales, para este trabajo se elegía únicamente a los más brutales. La logoterapia, es un método psicoterapéutico creado por el propio Frankl, se centra precisamente en el sentido de la existencia y en la búsqueda de ese sentido por parte del hombre, que asume la responsabilidad ante sí mismo, ante los demás y ante la vida. ¿Qué espera la vida de nosotros? Frankl nos enseña que siempre vamos a tener la libertad de...

Foods, 2020

The consumption of vegetables in Mexico includes a wide variety of plants that grow naturally as ... more The consumption of vegetables in Mexico includes a wide variety of plants that grow naturally as weeds in the fields. The intake of these vegetables is very important in the Mexican diet because these plants supply an important input of nutrients and compounds such as fiber, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Thus, the plants may be universally promoted as healthy. However, there is little information about these vegetables of popular consumption, especially in terms of the nutritional changes caused by boiling. To determine the influence of boiling on five plants of popular consumption in Mexico, the nutritional composition (proximal analysis, dietary fiber, and oxalates), antioxidant compounds (ascorbic acid, phenolics), antioxidant activity (measured by ABTS and DPPH assays), and physicochemical characteristics (water retention capacity, viscosity, color, and SEM) were evaluated. The boiling affected the nutritional composition of plants, mainly soluble compounds as carbohydra...

Applied Sciences, 2020

Recently, industry has been focusing on the development of new products made from food by-product... more Recently, industry has been focusing on the development of new products made from food by-products in order to reduce and take advantage of food wastes. The objective of this study was to evaluate tablet formulations developed by mixing two commercial excipients, microcrystalline cellulose (M) and α-lactose-monohydrate (L), added with powder from residues (mesocarp and pericarp) of green and red (G and R) cactus pear fruit (Opuntia ficus-indica L. Mill), having the following formulations: green with microcrystalline cellulose (GM), green with lactose (GL), red with microcrystalline cellulose (RM), and red with lactose (RL). The results showed lower disintegration times for the tablets with microcrystalline cellulose. The fiber functional properties presented good values for lipid and water holding capacity. There was a higher total phenolic content (TPC) in formulations with green cactus pear residue powder with microcrystalline cellulose and lactose (GM and GL, respectively), but t...

Plants, 2020

The use of complementary medicine has recently increased in an attempt to find effective alternat... more The use of complementary medicine has recently increased in an attempt to find effective alternative therapies that reduce the adverse effects of drugs. Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) has been used in traditional medicine for different kinds of pain. This review aims to explore the scientific evidence about the antinociceptive effect of pomegranate. A selection of original scientific articles that accomplished the inclusion criteria was carried out. It was found that different parts of pomegranate showed an antinociceptive effect; this effect can be due mainly by the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, or fatty acids. It is suggested in the literature that the mechanisms of action may be related to the activation of the L-arginine / NO pathway, members of the TRP superfamily (TRPA1 or TRPV1) and the opioid system. The implications for the field are to know the mechanisms of action by which this effect is generated and thus be able to create alternative treatments for specific typ...

Foods, 2020

The objective of this study is to evaluate the nutritional composition, antioxidant properties, a... more The objective of this study is to evaluate the nutritional composition, antioxidant properties, and functional characteristics of two cultivars of xoconostle Opuntia xoconostle F.A.C. Weber in Diguet cv. Cuaresmeño (XC) and Opuntia matudae Scheinvar cv. Rosa (XR). The samples were frozen (−32 °C, 48 h), lyophilized (96 h, −55 ± 1 °C, vacuum of 0.040 Mbar), and homogenized (size particle 500 μm) to get the xoconostle powder. Both cultivars (XC and XR) had a high content of carbohydrates characterized by soluble sugars (9.8 ± 0.7 and 29.9 ± 0.5 g/100 g dm) and dietary fiber (30.8 ± 0.7 and 36.8 ± 0.9 g/100 g dm), as well as lower proportions of organic acids, mainly citric acid (18.8 ± 0.0 and 13.6 ± 0.0 mg/100 g dm). These samples also had a high content of phenolic compounds (1580.3 ± 33.1 and 1068.5 ± 70.8 mg GAE/100 g dm), vitamin C (723.1 ± 16 and 320.2 ± 7.5 mg/100 g dm), and antioxidant activity ABTS·+ and DPPH· (between 1348.1 ± 74.0 and 3318.7 ± 178.8 µmol TE/100 g dm). Since...

Educación y Salud Boletín Científico Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, 2019

Objetivo: Determinar los factores que influyen en la calidad de vida del cuidador primario en pac... more Objetivo: Determinar los factores que influyen en la calidad de vida del cuidador primario en pacientes con enfermedades crónico no transmisibles: Diabetes Mellitus e Hipertensión Arterial del Centro de Salud de la localidad Benito Juárez en San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo. Material y método: Diseño del estudio no experimental, de tipo cuantitativo descriptivo transversal. La muestra fue de 12 personas, Cuidadores primarios de pacientes con enfermedades crónico no transmisibles: Diabetes Mellitus e Hipertensión Arterial de la localidad de Benito Juárez, de San Agustín Tlaxiaca. Se aplicó un instrumento que valora datos económicos, sociales y psicológicos del cuidador primario, el cual está conformado por 21 ítems. Resultados: se observó que la calidad de vida del cuidador primario de pacientes con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles: diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial en el centro de salud Benito Juárez, se ve afectada por los distintos factores que se identifican en relació...

Educación y Salud Boletín Científico Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, 2019

Hablar de medicamentos nos lleva hablar de muchas cosas, pero hablando que las fórmulas farmacéut... more Hablar de medicamentos nos lleva hablar de muchas cosas, pero hablando que las fórmulas farmacéuticas son bastante importantes para la rama de la farmacología porque estamos hablando que se adaptan los fármacos para poder construir un fármaco. Se pueden clasificar para su estudio atendiendo para responder a sistemas dispersos líquidos heterogéneos siendo las sustancias y emulsiones de uso oral, algunas gotas, formas semisólidas de alguna aplicación cutánea.