Pavelas Duchovskis - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Pavelas Duchovskis

Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific Conference Rural Development 2015, 2015

The effects of supplemental UV-A LED lighting on growth and antioxidant properties of two varieti... more The effects of supplemental UV-A LED lighting on growth and antioxidant properties of two varieties of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) microgreens were determined. Purple-leaf ‘Dark Opal’ and green-leaf ‘Sweet Genovese’ basils were grown in greenhouse (14 days, 22/18 ± 2 °C day/night temperature, 40 ± 5 % a relative air humidity) during winter season. The main lighting system (HPS lamps and natural daylight) was supplemented with ~13.0 μmol m-2 s-1 flux of UV-A 390 nm, and a total PPFD was ~125 μmol m-2 s-1 (16 h photoperiod) for 1 or 7 days before harvest, or entire growth period – 14 days. The results revealed that the influence of UV-A on growth and antioxidant properties depended on basil variety and duration of irradiation. Generally, UV-A irradiation for 7 days significantly (P ≤ 0.05) inhibited growth and hypocotyl elongation of green-leaf basils, and for 14 days of both basil varieties. No significant differences on leaf chlorophyll index were determined. However, leaf flavonol ...

Central European Journal of Biology, Dec 1, 2013

This study examines the effect of irradiance level produced by solid-state light-emitting diodes ... more This study examines the effect of irradiance level produced by solid-state light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on the growth, nutritional quality and antioxidant properties of Brassicaceae family microgreens. Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes, 'Delicacy Purple') mustard (Brassica juncea L., 'Red Lion'), red pak choi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis, 'Rubi F 1 ') and tatsoi (Brassica rapa var. rosularis) were grown using peat substrate in controlled-environment chambers until harvest time (10 days, 21/17°C, 16 h). A system of five lighting modules with 455, 638, 665 and 731 nm LEDs at a total photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD) of 545, 440, 330, 220 and 110 μmol m-2 s-1 respectively were used. Insufficient levels of photosynthetically active photon flux (110 μmol m-2 s-1) suppressed normal growth and diminished the nutritional value of the Brassica microgreens studied. In general, the most suitable conditions for growth and nutritional quality of the microgreens was 330-440 μmol m-2 s-1 irradiation, which resulted in a larger leaf surface area, lower content of nitrates and higher total anthocyanins, total phenols and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging capacity. High light levels (545 μmol m-2 s-1), which was expected to induce mild photostress, had no significant positive impact for most of investigated parameters.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

IECAG 2021, 2021

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Journal of Fungi, 2021

Botrytis cinerea is a ubiquitous necrotrophic pathogen causing grey mould in economically importa... more Botrytis cinerea is a ubiquitous necrotrophic pathogen causing grey mould in economically important crops. Light effect in horticulture is undeniable and fungi also react to light. Selected specific light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and photoperiods can be used for fungal pathogen inhibition. This study aimed to evaluate how LED light wavelengths and photoperiods affect the growth parameters of B. cinerea. The morphological (mycelium appearance, sclerotia distribution) and phenotypic (conidia presence and size, mycelium growth rate, recovery) characteristics of the fungal pathogen B. cinerea were evaluated under royal blue 455 nm, blue 470 nm, cyan 505 nm, yellow 590 nm, and red 627 nm LED lights at various photoperiods (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 h). The results revealed that the light conditions and photoperiods influenced the B. cinerea morphological and phenotypic characteristics. Overall, the highest B. cinerea inhibition was under yellow (590 nm) LED light at 4 and 8 h photoperiods. Coni...

Plants, 2021

The consumption of microgreens has increased due to their having higher levels of bioactive compo... more The consumption of microgreens has increased due to their having higher levels of bioactive compounds and mineral nutrients than mature plants. The lighting conditions during the cultivation of microgreens, if optimally selected, can have a positive effect by further increasing their nutritional value. Thus, our study aimed to determine the changes in mineral nutrients contents of Brassicaceae microgreens depending on different blue–red (B:R) light ratios in light-emitting diode (LED) lighting and to evaluate their growth and nutritional value according to different indexes. Experiments were performed in controlled environment growth chambers at IH LRCAF, 2020. Microgreens of mustard (Brassica juncea ‘Red Lace’) and kale (Brassica napus ‘Red Russian’) were grown hydroponically under different B:R light ratios: 0%B:100%R, 10%B:90%R, 25%B:75%R, 50%B:50%R, 75%B:25%R, and 100%B:0%R. A 220 μmol m−2 s−1 total photon flux density (TPFD), 18 h photoperiod, 21/17 ± 2 °C temperature and 60% ±...

Frontiers in Plant Science, 2019

To increase the nutritional value and levels of essential minerals in vegetable food, microgreens... more To increase the nutritional value and levels of essential minerals in vegetable food, microgreens are promising targets. The metabolic processes of microgreens can be managed with different cultivation techniques, which include manipulating the properties of light derived by lightemitting diodes (LEDs). In this study Brassicaceae microgreens (kohlrabi Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes, broccoli Brassica oleracea, and mizuna Brassica rapa var. Japonica) were cultivated under different light spectral quality, and the metabolic changes insoluble sugars (hexoses and sucrose), ascorbic acid, β-carotene, and contents of non-heme iron (Fe) and its connection with magnesium (Mg) or calcium (Ca) levels were monitored. Plants grew under the primary LED light spectrum (the combination of blue light at 447 nm, red at 638 and 665 nm, and far-red at 731 nm) or supplemented with LED green light at 520 nm, yellow at 595 nm, or orange at 622 nm. The photoperiod was 16 h, and a total PPFD of 300 µmol m-2 s-1 was maintained. Under supplemental yellow light at 595 nm, the content of soluble carbohydrates increased significantly in mizuna and broccoli. Under all supplemental light components, β-carotene accumulated in mizuna, and ascorbic acid accumulated significantly in kohlrabi. Under supplemental orange light at 622 nm, Fe, Mg, and Ca contents increased significantly in all microgreens. The accumulation of Fe was highly dependent on promoters and inhibitors of Fe absorption, as demonstrated by the very strong positive correlations between Fe and Ca and between Fe and Mg in kohlrabi and broccoli, and the strong negative correlations between Fe and β-carotene and between Fe and soluble carbohydrates in kohlrabi. Thus, the metabolic changes that occurred in treated microgreens led to increases in the contents of essential nutrients. Therefore, selected supplemental LED wavelengths can be used in the cultivation of Brassicaceae microgreens to preserve and increase the contents of specific nutritionally valuable metabolites.

Frontiers in Plant Science, 2019

Ultraviolet A (UV-A) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) could serve as an effective tool for improving ... more Ultraviolet A (UV-A) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) could serve as an effective tool for improving the content of health-promoting bioactive compounds in plants in controlledenvironment agriculture (CEA) systems. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of UV-A LEDs at different wavelengths (366, 390, and 402 nm) and durations (10 and 16 h) on the growth and phytochemical contents of mustard microgreens (Brassica juncea L. cv. "Red Lion"), when used as supplemental light to the main LED lighting system (with peak wavelengths of 447, 638, 665, and 731 nm). Plants were grown for 10 days under a total photon flux density (TPFD) of 300 µmol m −2 s −1 and 16-h light/8-h dark period. Different UV-A wavelengths and irradiance durations had varied effects on mustard microgreens. Supplemental UV-A radiation did not affect biomass accumulation; however, the longest UV-A wavelength (402 nm) increased the leaf area of mustard microgreens, regardless of the duration of irradiance. The concentration of the total phenolic content and α-tocopherol mostly increased under 402-nm UV-A, while that of nitrates increased under 366-and 390-nm UV-A at both radiance durations. The contents of lutein/zeaxanthin and β-carotene increased in response to the shortest UV-A wavelength (366 nm) at 10-h irradiance as well as longer UV-A wavelength (390 nm) at 16 h irradiance. The most positive effect on the accumulation of mineral elements, except iron, was observed under longer UV-A wavelengths at 16-h irradiance. Overall, these results suggest that properly composed UV-A LED parameters in LED lighting systems could improve the nutritional quality of mustard microgreens, without causing any adverse effects on plant growth.

PLOS ONE, 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of 638-nm and 665-nm LEDs on changes of antiox... more The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of 638-nm and 665-nm LEDs on changes of antioxidants of basil (Ocimum basilicum) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum), and to assess the effect of light quality on antioxidative status. Plants were grown in peat substrate for 19 days (21/17 ±2˚C, 16 h). Experiments were performed in (I) a controlled-environment:

Žemės ūkio mokslai, 2016

Darbe tirtas žieminių kviečių kokybinių rodiklių priklausomumas nuo tręšimo azoto trąšomis. Lauko... more Darbe tirtas žieminių kviečių kokybinių rodiklių priklausomumas nuo tręšimo azoto trąšomis. Lauko eksperimentas vykdytas 2011–2012 m. Aleksandro Stulginskio universiteto Bandymų stotyje, karbonatingame sekliai glėjiškame išplautžemyje (Calc(ar)i-Epihypogleyic Luvisol). Vertintos labai geras kepamąsias savybes turinčios kviečių veislės: ‘Zentos’, ‘Ada’. Granuliuoto superfosfato (P60) ir kalio chlorido (K60) trąšos išbertos sėjos metu, o amonio salietra (N60) – pavasarį, atsinaujinus vegetacijai, krūmijimosi tarpsniu (BBCH 23–25). Papildomai per lapus tręšta karbamido tirpalu: (N30), (N40) – bamblėjimo (BBCH 34–36) ir (N15), (N30) – pieninės brandos (BBCH 71–74) tarpsniais. Nustatyta, kad azoto trąšų naudojimas bamblėjimo ir pieninės brandos tarpsniais veislių ‘Zentos’ ir ‘Ada’ kviečių grūdų baltymingumą pagerino vidutiniškai 2,20–1,76 proc. vnt., šlapiojo glitimo kiekį – 4,89–4,66 proc. vnt., sedimentacijos vertes – 12,58– 14,20 ml. Atlikta koreliacinė regresinė duomenų ana...

Biologija

Two different morphotypes of peas (Pisum sativum L.), the leafy form ‘Ilgiai’ and the subleafy fo... more Two different morphotypes of peas (Pisum sativum L.), the leafy form ‘Ilgiai’ and the subleafy form ‘Profi’, were examined under ozone exposure. A day after exposure, adverse effects of ozone on ‘Ilgiai’ morphometric features were observed, while certain processes in ‘Profi’ were stimulated. After three days of exposure, the leaf area of leafy peas was reduced by 34%, while in subleafy peas it increased by 33% under the 160 μg m–3 ozone level. Chlorophyll and carotenoid content in leaves of leafy peas decreased with increasing exposition time and ozone concentration. However, a linear dependence between the content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves of subleafy peas and exposition time / ozone concentration was determined, and only the highest ozone level significantly decreased the content of those pigments. The ratio of hexoses to sucrose increased in leafy peas after one day of ozone exposure, but it tendentiously decreased as the time of exposure increased. The same trends wer...

Žemės ūkio mokslai, 2015

Darbe tirtas azoto trąšų poveikis skirtingų žieminių kviečių veislių fotosintetinių rodiklių dina... more Darbe tirtas azoto trąšų poveikis skirtingų žieminių kviečių veislių fotosintetinių rodiklių dinamikai. Lauko eksperimentas vykdytas 2012–2013 m. Aleksandro Stulginskio universiteto Bandymų stotyje, karbonatingame sekliai glėjiškame išplautžemyje <i>Calc(ar)i-Epihypogleyic Luvisol</i>. Tyrimo objektas – gerų kepimo savybių žieminių kviečių veislės ‘Kovas’, ‘Olivin’. Sėjos metu kviečiai buvo tręšti vienanarėmis fosforo, kalio trąšomis (P₆₀K₆₀), o pavasarį, atsinaujinus vegetacijai, – amonio salietra…

Russian Agricultural Sciences, 2013

The plant growth regulator epibrassinolide (10-8-10-11 M) effects on growth and membrane permeabi... more The plant growth regulator epibrassinolide (10-8-10-11 M) effects on growth and membrane permeability have been studied in the maize seedlings affected by zinc and nickel. It has been demonstrated that epibrassinolide had a stimulating effect on the seed germination and maize seedlings' growth upon the treatment with heavy metals and reduced heavy metals induced electrolyte leakage from maize cells.

We studied the influence of a synthetic cytokinin-like growth regulator thidiazuron (TDZ) and ion... more We studied the influence of a synthetic cytokinin-like growth regulator thidiazuron (TDZ) and ions of heavy metals (HMs)-Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Ni 2+ on the growth, generation of superoxide anion, concentration of total peroxides, lipid peroxidation, and catalase activity in the leaves of 7-day-old winter wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L. cv. 'Mironovskaya 808'). It was found that 1 mM solution of HMs inhibited the growth of roots in the following sequence: Zn 2+ < Pb 2+ < Cu 2+ < Ni 2+. HMs inhibited the growth of aboveground parts of young wheat plants, too. HMs stimulated superoxide production by a factor of 1.3-4.9. The content of total peroxides in wheat leaves increased in the presence of HMs in the growth medium. Our analyses showed that malonic dialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves increased with increasing Cu 2+ or Ni 2+ concentra tions in the medium and hardly changed with increasing Pb 2+ or Zn 2+ concentrations. HMs enhanced catalase activity in wheat plants 1.1-2.8-fold at all concentrations studied. All these regularities are indications of HMs-induced oxidative stress in wheat plants. In most treatments, TDZ alleviated the HMs-induced oxidative stress and promoted an increase in Wilkinson tolerance index (WTI). This suggests that the wheat seedlings treated with TDZ were more HMs-resistant than the untreated ones.

This study was aimed on investigation of phytohormones dynamics in carrot (Daucus carota L.) duri... more This study was aimed on investigation of phytohormones dynamics in carrot (Daucus carota L.) during different flowering initiation stages. Different levels of development were needed for photo-and thermo-induction; tipically 5 and 9 leaves in rosette for the first and second flowering induction stages, respectively. The process of carrot flowering initiation and morphogenesis was studied in a phytotron facility. High-performance liquid chromatography was used for separation of phytohormones. The best rate of development was found during exposure to florally inductive effect with low temperature either a short day or long day photoperiod in carrots with 9 leaves in rosette. Temperature influence had higher effect on phytohormones biosynthesis than differences in photoperiod. Antagonistic as well as stimulatory steps were involved during hormonal action and the balance of these determined the final effect of even a single hormone. The ratio of investigated phytohormones had substantial influence on flowering initiation processes. An increase of gibberellic acid content in evocation stage II and decrease in flower initiation stage determined faster stem elongation and bud formation. Decrease of abscisic acid and increase of gibberellic acid level in evocation stage II could be related with fast flowering induction processes. The highest indol-3 acetic acid concentration in evocation stage II induced the formation of inflorescence axis structures.

Open Life Sciences, 2013

This study examines the effect of irradiance level produced by solid-state light-emitting diodes ... more This study examines the effect of irradiance level produced by solid-state light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on the growth, nutritional quality and antioxidant properties of Brassicaceae family microgreens. Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes, ‘Delicacy Purple’) mustard (Brassica juncea L., ‘Red Lion’), red pak choi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis, ‘Rubi F1’) and tatsoi (Brassica rapa var. rosularis) were grown using peat substrate in controlled-environment chambers until harvest time (10 days, 21/17°C, 16 h). A system of five lighting modules with 455, 638, 665 and 731 nm LEDs at a total photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD) of 545, 440, 330, 220 and 110 µmol m−2s−1 respectively were used. Insufficient levels of photosynthetically active photon flux (110 µmol m−2 s−1) suppressed normal growth and diminished the nutritional value of the Brassica microgreens studied. In general, the most suitable conditions for growth and nutritional quality of the microgreens was 330–440 µmol...

Open Life Sciences, 2010

Effects of short-term ozone (O3) fumigation on radish (Raphanus sativus L.) plants were examined ... more Effects of short-term ozone (O3) fumigation on radish (Raphanus sativus L.) plants were examined in growth chambers under controlled environment conditions. Plants were exposed to 0 μg/m3 (reference), 80 μg/m3, 160 μg/m3 and 240 μg/m3 O3 concentrations for 7 h per day for five days. Day/night temperature was 21°C/14°C and photoperiod 16 h. Chlorophyll content was evaluated spectrophotometrically. Chromatographic analysis of saccharides was also undertaken. The results showed that elevated O3 inhibited the growth of radish rhizocarps, net assimilation rate and biomass accumulation. O3 induced leaf desiccation, necrosis and premature senescence, but a typical reaction of plants to O3 stress was the rapid regeneration of new leaves. O3 inhibited accumulation of carotenoids more than chlorophylls. The higher photosynthetic pigment content in newly generated radish leaves may be regarded as an adaptation of the photosynthetic system to O3. Leaf saccharide metabolism and incorporation dep...

Changes in physiological and genetic indices of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. due to the impact o... more Changes in physiological and genetic indices of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. due to the impact of cadmium at different substrate acidity and nutrition were studied under controlled conditions in phyto- tron. The amount of photosynthetic pigments, stem diameter, sap flow rate, the mitotic index of cells and inhibition of cell mitosis were investigated. Cadmium in acidic environment produced a very toxic effect on growth, the synthesis of chlorophylls and carotenoids and stem diameter, sap flow rate of L. esculen- tum. Cadmium suppressed the mitotic index of cells and disorganized normal mitosis. The mitosis with anomalies (chromosome breaks, fragmentation, bridges, chromosome eliminations and abnormal nucleus divisions) was observed in meristem cells of roots of L. esculentum. It was concluded that nutrient defi- ciency led to evident plant growth retardation, and higher nutrient favoured plant growth under the effect of cadmium.

Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific Conference Rural Development 2015, 2015

The effects of supplemental UV-A LED lighting on growth and antioxidant properties of two varieti... more The effects of supplemental UV-A LED lighting on growth and antioxidant properties of two varieties of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) microgreens were determined. Purple-leaf ‘Dark Opal’ and green-leaf ‘Sweet Genovese’ basils were grown in greenhouse (14 days, 22/18 ± 2 °C day/night temperature, 40 ± 5 % a relative air humidity) during winter season. The main lighting system (HPS lamps and natural daylight) was supplemented with ~13.0 μmol m-2 s-1 flux of UV-A 390 nm, and a total PPFD was ~125 μmol m-2 s-1 (16 h photoperiod) for 1 or 7 days before harvest, or entire growth period – 14 days. The results revealed that the influence of UV-A on growth and antioxidant properties depended on basil variety and duration of irradiation. Generally, UV-A irradiation for 7 days significantly (P ≤ 0.05) inhibited growth and hypocotyl elongation of green-leaf basils, and for 14 days of both basil varieties. No significant differences on leaf chlorophyll index were determined. However, leaf flavonol ...

Central European Journal of Biology, Dec 1, 2013

This study examines the effect of irradiance level produced by solid-state light-emitting diodes ... more This study examines the effect of irradiance level produced by solid-state light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on the growth, nutritional quality and antioxidant properties of Brassicaceae family microgreens. Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes, 'Delicacy Purple') mustard (Brassica juncea L., 'Red Lion'), red pak choi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis, 'Rubi F 1 ') and tatsoi (Brassica rapa var. rosularis) were grown using peat substrate in controlled-environment chambers until harvest time (10 days, 21/17°C, 16 h). A system of five lighting modules with 455, 638, 665 and 731 nm LEDs at a total photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD) of 545, 440, 330, 220 and 110 μmol m-2 s-1 respectively were used. Insufficient levels of photosynthetically active photon flux (110 μmol m-2 s-1) suppressed normal growth and diminished the nutritional value of the Brassica microgreens studied. In general, the most suitable conditions for growth and nutritional quality of the microgreens was 330-440 μmol m-2 s-1 irradiation, which resulted in a larger leaf surface area, lower content of nitrates and higher total anthocyanins, total phenols and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging capacity. High light levels (545 μmol m-2 s-1), which was expected to induce mild photostress, had no significant positive impact for most of investigated parameters.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

IECAG 2021, 2021

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Journal of Fungi, 2021

Botrytis cinerea is a ubiquitous necrotrophic pathogen causing grey mould in economically importa... more Botrytis cinerea is a ubiquitous necrotrophic pathogen causing grey mould in economically important crops. Light effect in horticulture is undeniable and fungi also react to light. Selected specific light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and photoperiods can be used for fungal pathogen inhibition. This study aimed to evaluate how LED light wavelengths and photoperiods affect the growth parameters of B. cinerea. The morphological (mycelium appearance, sclerotia distribution) and phenotypic (conidia presence and size, mycelium growth rate, recovery) characteristics of the fungal pathogen B. cinerea were evaluated under royal blue 455 nm, blue 470 nm, cyan 505 nm, yellow 590 nm, and red 627 nm LED lights at various photoperiods (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 h). The results revealed that the light conditions and photoperiods influenced the B. cinerea morphological and phenotypic characteristics. Overall, the highest B. cinerea inhibition was under yellow (590 nm) LED light at 4 and 8 h photoperiods. Coni...

Plants, 2021

The consumption of microgreens has increased due to their having higher levels of bioactive compo... more The consumption of microgreens has increased due to their having higher levels of bioactive compounds and mineral nutrients than mature plants. The lighting conditions during the cultivation of microgreens, if optimally selected, can have a positive effect by further increasing their nutritional value. Thus, our study aimed to determine the changes in mineral nutrients contents of Brassicaceae microgreens depending on different blue–red (B:R) light ratios in light-emitting diode (LED) lighting and to evaluate their growth and nutritional value according to different indexes. Experiments were performed in controlled environment growth chambers at IH LRCAF, 2020. Microgreens of mustard (Brassica juncea ‘Red Lace’) and kale (Brassica napus ‘Red Russian’) were grown hydroponically under different B:R light ratios: 0%B:100%R, 10%B:90%R, 25%B:75%R, 50%B:50%R, 75%B:25%R, and 100%B:0%R. A 220 μmol m−2 s−1 total photon flux density (TPFD), 18 h photoperiod, 21/17 ± 2 °C temperature and 60% ±...

Frontiers in Plant Science, 2019

To increase the nutritional value and levels of essential minerals in vegetable food, microgreens... more To increase the nutritional value and levels of essential minerals in vegetable food, microgreens are promising targets. The metabolic processes of microgreens can be managed with different cultivation techniques, which include manipulating the properties of light derived by lightemitting diodes (LEDs). In this study Brassicaceae microgreens (kohlrabi Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes, broccoli Brassica oleracea, and mizuna Brassica rapa var. Japonica) were cultivated under different light spectral quality, and the metabolic changes insoluble sugars (hexoses and sucrose), ascorbic acid, β-carotene, and contents of non-heme iron (Fe) and its connection with magnesium (Mg) or calcium (Ca) levels were monitored. Plants grew under the primary LED light spectrum (the combination of blue light at 447 nm, red at 638 and 665 nm, and far-red at 731 nm) or supplemented with LED green light at 520 nm, yellow at 595 nm, or orange at 622 nm. The photoperiod was 16 h, and a total PPFD of 300 µmol m-2 s-1 was maintained. Under supplemental yellow light at 595 nm, the content of soluble carbohydrates increased significantly in mizuna and broccoli. Under all supplemental light components, β-carotene accumulated in mizuna, and ascorbic acid accumulated significantly in kohlrabi. Under supplemental orange light at 622 nm, Fe, Mg, and Ca contents increased significantly in all microgreens. The accumulation of Fe was highly dependent on promoters and inhibitors of Fe absorption, as demonstrated by the very strong positive correlations between Fe and Ca and between Fe and Mg in kohlrabi and broccoli, and the strong negative correlations between Fe and β-carotene and between Fe and soluble carbohydrates in kohlrabi. Thus, the metabolic changes that occurred in treated microgreens led to increases in the contents of essential nutrients. Therefore, selected supplemental LED wavelengths can be used in the cultivation of Brassicaceae microgreens to preserve and increase the contents of specific nutritionally valuable metabolites.

Frontiers in Plant Science, 2019

Ultraviolet A (UV-A) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) could serve as an effective tool for improving ... more Ultraviolet A (UV-A) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) could serve as an effective tool for improving the content of health-promoting bioactive compounds in plants in controlledenvironment agriculture (CEA) systems. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of UV-A LEDs at different wavelengths (366, 390, and 402 nm) and durations (10 and 16 h) on the growth and phytochemical contents of mustard microgreens (Brassica juncea L. cv. "Red Lion"), when used as supplemental light to the main LED lighting system (with peak wavelengths of 447, 638, 665, and 731 nm). Plants were grown for 10 days under a total photon flux density (TPFD) of 300 µmol m −2 s −1 and 16-h light/8-h dark period. Different UV-A wavelengths and irradiance durations had varied effects on mustard microgreens. Supplemental UV-A radiation did not affect biomass accumulation; however, the longest UV-A wavelength (402 nm) increased the leaf area of mustard microgreens, regardless of the duration of irradiance. The concentration of the total phenolic content and α-tocopherol mostly increased under 402-nm UV-A, while that of nitrates increased under 366-and 390-nm UV-A at both radiance durations. The contents of lutein/zeaxanthin and β-carotene increased in response to the shortest UV-A wavelength (366 nm) at 10-h irradiance as well as longer UV-A wavelength (390 nm) at 16 h irradiance. The most positive effect on the accumulation of mineral elements, except iron, was observed under longer UV-A wavelengths at 16-h irradiance. Overall, these results suggest that properly composed UV-A LED parameters in LED lighting systems could improve the nutritional quality of mustard microgreens, without causing any adverse effects on plant growth.

PLOS ONE, 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of 638-nm and 665-nm LEDs on changes of antiox... more The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of 638-nm and 665-nm LEDs on changes of antioxidants of basil (Ocimum basilicum) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum), and to assess the effect of light quality on antioxidative status. Plants were grown in peat substrate for 19 days (21/17 ±2˚C, 16 h). Experiments were performed in (I) a controlled-environment:

Žemės ūkio mokslai, 2016

Darbe tirtas žieminių kviečių kokybinių rodiklių priklausomumas nuo tręšimo azoto trąšomis. Lauko... more Darbe tirtas žieminių kviečių kokybinių rodiklių priklausomumas nuo tręšimo azoto trąšomis. Lauko eksperimentas vykdytas 2011–2012 m. Aleksandro Stulginskio universiteto Bandymų stotyje, karbonatingame sekliai glėjiškame išplautžemyje (Calc(ar)i-Epihypogleyic Luvisol). Vertintos labai geras kepamąsias savybes turinčios kviečių veislės: ‘Zentos’, ‘Ada’. Granuliuoto superfosfato (P60) ir kalio chlorido (K60) trąšos išbertos sėjos metu, o amonio salietra (N60) – pavasarį, atsinaujinus vegetacijai, krūmijimosi tarpsniu (BBCH 23–25). Papildomai per lapus tręšta karbamido tirpalu: (N30), (N40) – bamblėjimo (BBCH 34–36) ir (N15), (N30) – pieninės brandos (BBCH 71–74) tarpsniais. Nustatyta, kad azoto trąšų naudojimas bamblėjimo ir pieninės brandos tarpsniais veislių ‘Zentos’ ir ‘Ada’ kviečių grūdų baltymingumą pagerino vidutiniškai 2,20–1,76 proc. vnt., šlapiojo glitimo kiekį – 4,89–4,66 proc. vnt., sedimentacijos vertes – 12,58– 14,20 ml. Atlikta koreliacinė regresinė duomenų ana...

Biologija

Two different morphotypes of peas (Pisum sativum L.), the leafy form ‘Ilgiai’ and the subleafy fo... more Two different morphotypes of peas (Pisum sativum L.), the leafy form ‘Ilgiai’ and the subleafy form ‘Profi’, were examined under ozone exposure. A day after exposure, adverse effects of ozone on ‘Ilgiai’ morphometric features were observed, while certain processes in ‘Profi’ were stimulated. After three days of exposure, the leaf area of leafy peas was reduced by 34%, while in subleafy peas it increased by 33% under the 160 μg m–3 ozone level. Chlorophyll and carotenoid content in leaves of leafy peas decreased with increasing exposition time and ozone concentration. However, a linear dependence between the content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves of subleafy peas and exposition time / ozone concentration was determined, and only the highest ozone level significantly decreased the content of those pigments. The ratio of hexoses to sucrose increased in leafy peas after one day of ozone exposure, but it tendentiously decreased as the time of exposure increased. The same trends wer...

Žemės ūkio mokslai, 2015

Darbe tirtas azoto trąšų poveikis skirtingų žieminių kviečių veislių fotosintetinių rodiklių dina... more Darbe tirtas azoto trąšų poveikis skirtingų žieminių kviečių veislių fotosintetinių rodiklių dinamikai. Lauko eksperimentas vykdytas 2012–2013 m. Aleksandro Stulginskio universiteto Bandymų stotyje, karbonatingame sekliai glėjiškame išplautžemyje <i>Calc(ar)i-Epihypogleyic Luvisol</i>. Tyrimo objektas – gerų kepimo savybių žieminių kviečių veislės ‘Kovas’, ‘Olivin’. Sėjos metu kviečiai buvo tręšti vienanarėmis fosforo, kalio trąšomis (P₆₀K₆₀), o pavasarį, atsinaujinus vegetacijai, – amonio salietra…

Russian Agricultural Sciences, 2013

The plant growth regulator epibrassinolide (10-8-10-11 M) effects on growth and membrane permeabi... more The plant growth regulator epibrassinolide (10-8-10-11 M) effects on growth and membrane permeability have been studied in the maize seedlings affected by zinc and nickel. It has been demonstrated that epibrassinolide had a stimulating effect on the seed germination and maize seedlings' growth upon the treatment with heavy metals and reduced heavy metals induced electrolyte leakage from maize cells.

We studied the influence of a synthetic cytokinin-like growth regulator thidiazuron (TDZ) and ion... more We studied the influence of a synthetic cytokinin-like growth regulator thidiazuron (TDZ) and ions of heavy metals (HMs)-Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Ni 2+ on the growth, generation of superoxide anion, concentration of total peroxides, lipid peroxidation, and catalase activity in the leaves of 7-day-old winter wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L. cv. 'Mironovskaya 808'). It was found that 1 mM solution of HMs inhibited the growth of roots in the following sequence: Zn 2+ < Pb 2+ < Cu 2+ < Ni 2+. HMs inhibited the growth of aboveground parts of young wheat plants, too. HMs stimulated superoxide production by a factor of 1.3-4.9. The content of total peroxides in wheat leaves increased in the presence of HMs in the growth medium. Our analyses showed that malonic dialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves increased with increasing Cu 2+ or Ni 2+ concentra tions in the medium and hardly changed with increasing Pb 2+ or Zn 2+ concentrations. HMs enhanced catalase activity in wheat plants 1.1-2.8-fold at all concentrations studied. All these regularities are indications of HMs-induced oxidative stress in wheat plants. In most treatments, TDZ alleviated the HMs-induced oxidative stress and promoted an increase in Wilkinson tolerance index (WTI). This suggests that the wheat seedlings treated with TDZ were more HMs-resistant than the untreated ones.

This study was aimed on investigation of phytohormones dynamics in carrot (Daucus carota L.) duri... more This study was aimed on investigation of phytohormones dynamics in carrot (Daucus carota L.) during different flowering initiation stages. Different levels of development were needed for photo-and thermo-induction; tipically 5 and 9 leaves in rosette for the first and second flowering induction stages, respectively. The process of carrot flowering initiation and morphogenesis was studied in a phytotron facility. High-performance liquid chromatography was used for separation of phytohormones. The best rate of development was found during exposure to florally inductive effect with low temperature either a short day or long day photoperiod in carrots with 9 leaves in rosette. Temperature influence had higher effect on phytohormones biosynthesis than differences in photoperiod. Antagonistic as well as stimulatory steps were involved during hormonal action and the balance of these determined the final effect of even a single hormone. The ratio of investigated phytohormones had substantial influence on flowering initiation processes. An increase of gibberellic acid content in evocation stage II and decrease in flower initiation stage determined faster stem elongation and bud formation. Decrease of abscisic acid and increase of gibberellic acid level in evocation stage II could be related with fast flowering induction processes. The highest indol-3 acetic acid concentration in evocation stage II induced the formation of inflorescence axis structures.

Open Life Sciences, 2013

This study examines the effect of irradiance level produced by solid-state light-emitting diodes ... more This study examines the effect of irradiance level produced by solid-state light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on the growth, nutritional quality and antioxidant properties of Brassicaceae family microgreens. Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes, ‘Delicacy Purple’) mustard (Brassica juncea L., ‘Red Lion’), red pak choi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis, ‘Rubi F1’) and tatsoi (Brassica rapa var. rosularis) were grown using peat substrate in controlled-environment chambers until harvest time (10 days, 21/17°C, 16 h). A system of five lighting modules with 455, 638, 665 and 731 nm LEDs at a total photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD) of 545, 440, 330, 220 and 110 µmol m−2s−1 respectively were used. Insufficient levels of photosynthetically active photon flux (110 µmol m−2 s−1) suppressed normal growth and diminished the nutritional value of the Brassica microgreens studied. In general, the most suitable conditions for growth and nutritional quality of the microgreens was 330–440 µmol...

Open Life Sciences, 2010

Effects of short-term ozone (O3) fumigation on radish (Raphanus sativus L.) plants were examined ... more Effects of short-term ozone (O3) fumigation on radish (Raphanus sativus L.) plants were examined in growth chambers under controlled environment conditions. Plants were exposed to 0 μg/m3 (reference), 80 μg/m3, 160 μg/m3 and 240 μg/m3 O3 concentrations for 7 h per day for five days. Day/night temperature was 21°C/14°C and photoperiod 16 h. Chlorophyll content was evaluated spectrophotometrically. Chromatographic analysis of saccharides was also undertaken. The results showed that elevated O3 inhibited the growth of radish rhizocarps, net assimilation rate and biomass accumulation. O3 induced leaf desiccation, necrosis and premature senescence, but a typical reaction of plants to O3 stress was the rapid regeneration of new leaves. O3 inhibited accumulation of carotenoids more than chlorophylls. The higher photosynthetic pigment content in newly generated radish leaves may be regarded as an adaptation of the photosynthetic system to O3. Leaf saccharide metabolism and incorporation dep...

Changes in physiological and genetic indices of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. due to the impact o... more Changes in physiological and genetic indices of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. due to the impact of cadmium at different substrate acidity and nutrition were studied under controlled conditions in phyto- tron. The amount of photosynthetic pigments, stem diameter, sap flow rate, the mitotic index of cells and inhibition of cell mitosis were investigated. Cadmium in acidic environment produced a very toxic effect on growth, the synthesis of chlorophylls and carotenoids and stem diameter, sap flow rate of L. esculen- tum. Cadmium suppressed the mitotic index of cells and disorganized normal mitosis. The mitosis with anomalies (chromosome breaks, fragmentation, bridges, chromosome eliminations and abnormal nucleus divisions) was observed in meristem cells of roots of L. esculentum. It was concluded that nutrient defi- ciency led to evident plant growth retardation, and higher nutrient favoured plant growth under the effect of cadmium.