Penporn Janekarnkij - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Penporn Janekarnkij

kasetsartjournal.ku.ac.th

... Gursum District, Ethiopia Abebaw Shimeles 1 *, Penporn Janekarnkij 2 and Vute Wangwacharakul ... more ... Gursum District, Ethiopia Abebaw Shimeles 1 *, Penporn Janekarnkij 2 and Vute Wangwacharakul 2 ABSTRACT ... The impact may be more remarkable in Ethiopia (Bekele and Drake, 2003). However, the possible impacts of land degradation problems were not ...

This case study refers to the role of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) as an economic tool in... more This case study refers to the role of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) as an economic tool in supporting and promoting sustainable development locally. It was developed for using in both undergraduate and graduate courses in natural resource and environmental economics and economic valuation of ecosystem goods and services. Students should be able to apply their knowledge in basic economic concepts of demand and supply, economic valuation of ecosystem goods and services, as well as basic watershed ecology in analyzing a practical situation provided in the case. Main contents of this case study comprise four parts. The first part is the general information about the study area and the community conservation practices in case of Mae Lao Watershed, Thailand. The second part deals with Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) in theory and in practice. The third part consists of questions for discussion and group exercises for students to practice. The final part contains the informatio...

Over the past 20 years, flood and drought in Thailand have impacted up to 2.58 million farming ho... more Over the past 20 years, flood and drought in Thailand have impacted up to 2.58 million farming households and caused damages about 6,000 million Baht each year. Various studies have examined natural hazard impacts on the Thai economy and particularly on agricultural sector. Moving towards sustainable development, economic vulnerability to natural hazards should be improved which could be linked to disaster mitigation policies and development. This study aims to explore the Kuznets relationship between economic growth and damages from flood and drought in the Thai agricultural sector using annual data at the provincial levels during 1989-2012. It is hypothesized that as the country becomes wealthier, appropriate development and investment in disaster mitigation could lead to disaster reduction in agricultural sector. Results from the random effect regression support the Kuznets hypothesis in the models for both flood and drought. Precipitation variation increases agricultural damages...

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2013

This paper reviews the determinants of rural household food security in Africa and Asia where mor... more This paper reviews the determinants of rural household food security in Africa and Asia where more than 88% of the world's undernourished people live. A conceptual model is proposed on the basis of the three widely known components of food security: food availability, accessibility and utilisation. This model is used to select a total of 40 peer-reviewed studies carried out over the last decade (20 each from Africa and Asia). A meta-analysis technique is then used to identify which determinants of food security have been highlighted and how well the causality is demonstrated. Food availability is the most studied component in both regions, followed by food accessibility, while food utilisation is the most neglected component in these studies.

Land degradation in the highlands of Ethiopia is reaching an irreversible state. It has become in... more Land degradation in the highlands of Ethiopia is reaching an irreversible state. It has become increasingly difficult to maintain the current level of production of basic food items. Government and nongovernmental organizations have attempted to promote soil conservation technologies. However, their attempts have not succeeded in activating voluntary adoption to the expected level. This paper examines the main determinants of farmersu adoption decisions and the use intensity of level bund soil conservation measures using a cross-sectional sample of 280 farm households in the Gursum district of Eastern Ethiopia. Tobit analysis was employed to analyze the data. The results showed that highland agro-ecological location, slope, educational level of the household head, extension service, land tenure security, access to credit, and offfarm income are important factors that positively influence the adoption and intensity of use of level bunds in the study area, whereas livestock holding ha...

This study was carried out to identify determinants of rural household food security in the Jigji... more This study was carried out to identify determinants of rural household food security in the Jigjiga district of Ethiopia. Data used in this study were collected from 160 rural households in the study area using a stratified sampling technique. An empirical analysis based on a logit model was employed to analyze the primary data. The survey results of the study revealed that 63 percent of the households were food secure, while 37 percent were found to be food insecure. Among various factors included in the logit model, six were found to be statistically significant determinants of household food security. Variables such as: total household income, fertilizer use, extension service, access to credit and veterinary service were found to have positive influence; while agro-ecology affected the food security of the households in lowland negatively. Access to fertilizer, extension, veterinary and credit would increase household food security in the study area by 84, 46, 36 and 141 percent...

The over all objective of the study is to examine the net welfare effects of an imposition of som... more The over all objective of the study is to examine the net welfare effects of an imposition of some fishing regulations on trawlers in the Gulf of Thailand. The factors affecting supply of and demand for trawler catches, such as, trash fish and other catches are also examined. The income effects of change in the price of commodity was assumed to be zero. The change in consumer surplus and producer surplus were used as the measurements of change in net social welfare. It is assumed that a unit gain or loss in producer surplus is equal to a unit gainor loss in consumer surpluse from trawler fishery after the imposition of regulation son trawler catches and fishing efforts were evaluated. Ordinary least squares (OLS),twos tageleast squares (2SLS) , and first order auto regressive techniques CARl) were used to test the empiral results.Monthly data (1979-1982) on trawelatches and trawling efforts in the Gulf of Thailand, prices of trawler catches and fish meal,and price index of meats oth...

Defining food security in terms of availability and access to sufficient food to meet dietary nee... more Defining food security in terms of availability and access to sufficient food to meet dietary needs for a productive and healthy life, this paper assessed the dimensions of food insecurity and its association with the adoption of soil conservation technologies in the Gursum district of Eastern Ethiopia. Stratified random sampling was employed to select 280 rural households, from which primary data were acquired by means of structured questionnaires. This study applied the Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) model, which was originally developed for poverty analysis, to examine the incidence of food insecurity, and the food insecurity gap and severity of food insecurity. Sixty seven percent of the total sampled households adopted structural soil conservation measures. Of those who were adopters, 43 percent and 57 percent undertook traditional and introduced soil conservation measures, respectively. The results indicated that almost 66 percent of the sampled households were food insecur...

This paper explores economic benefit for flood risk reduction of residents living in the core eco... more This paper explores economic benefit for flood risk reduction of residents living in the core economic zones of lower Chao Phraya River Basin, Thailand. Under the action plan of integrated and sustainable flood mitigation in Chao Phraya River Basin, 4.29 million households would become beneficiaries. Using contingent valuation method (CVM), the potential benefit of flood risk reduction from this action plan is approximately THB 8.82 billion per year with an average willingness to pay (WTP) of THB 2,056 per household annually. The estimated benefit accrued to household residents in the study area is only part of the total potential benefits, if the plan were enacted. The finding reveals that household’s income, flood risk reduction, and program acceptance are significant determinants to increase WTP. Beneficiary pay mechanism such as flood protection fee or tax incorporating different income or different flood risk exposure on property should be considered in the flood management pol...

BASE

Description of the subject. With increasing concerns on the sustainability of agricultural system... more Description of the subject. With increasing concerns on the sustainability of agricultural systems, many tools have been developed to assess farm sustainability. Objectives. The main objective of this study was to assess and compare the sustainability of different forms of family farm organization. A second objective was to test the relevance of the IDEA method (Indicateurs de Durabilité des Exploitations Agricoles or Farm Sustainability Indicators) to compare tree-crop-based family farms in tropical areas. Method. Percentages of sustainability were calculated based on individual interviews conducted with 25 rubber farmers representing three different types of farm (typology based on the labor used for farming activities), using three scales and 10 components. Results. The socio-territorial scale was the weak point of the rubber farms. In contrast, the economic scale was relatively the best asset on all farms. The factor that most differentiated the three types of farm was the agro-...

Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences

Abstract Water Onion is an aquatic plant endemic to the coastal plains of southern Thailand. The ... more Abstract Water Onion is an aquatic plant endemic to the coastal plains of southern Thailand. The species is listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List. Despite rapidly declining stocks, the species is not protected under any Thai legislation nor under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). At the local level, Water Onion is protected and conserved by young people and adults for various socio-economic reasons. The study explored the participation and underlying conservation motivations of 312 youths in Kapoe district, Ranong province. Using principal component analysis, the youth's motivation for Water Onion conservation was classified into four categories: pro-social, pro-nature, social image, and extrinsic. The results from a logit regression indicated that pro-nature is one of the key motivational factors enhancing actual youth participation in the protection and conservation of Water Onion. It is important for policy makers to understand the effects of various types of motivation on different policy mechanisms in order to craft more effective policies that can further enhance youth participation in conservation initiatives.

Climate

With the existing state of issues related to global climate change, the accuracy of farmers’ perc... more With the existing state of issues related to global climate change, the accuracy of farmers’ perceptions of climate is critically important if they plan to implement appropriate adaptation measures in their farming. This article evaluated if farmers perceive the trends of local climate variability accurately, and was verified by the historical meteorological data analysis. Ordered probit perception models were applied in this study to determine the factors influencing the accuracy of farmer perception. It was observed that farmers’ perceptions of the rainfall amount during the early, mid, and late monsoon periods were highly accurate, and they also accurately perceived summer temperature change, but less accuracy of perception was observed of the temperate changes of the winter and monsoon seasons. Access to weekly weather information, participation in agricultural trainings, farming experience, and education level of the farmer were the major factors determining the accuracy of per...

… Policy Reforms, Bangkok, Thailand, 2007

Approximately 18% of Thailand's total land area is currently designated as protected areas (e... more Approximately 18% of Thailand's total land area is currently designated as protected areas (e.g. national parks and wildlife sanctuaries) set aside for biodiversity conservation. The benefits these protected areas (PAs) provide in terms of environmental services, recreational opportunities, and biodiversity values accrue disproportionately at the national and global levels, while the poor, rural communities living within and around PAs typically

Working Papers, 2014

This case study refers to the role of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) as an economic tool in... more This case study refers to the role of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) as an economic tool in supporting and promoting sustainable development locally. It was developed for using in both undergraduate and graduate courses in natural resource and environmental economics and economic valuation of ecosystem goods and services. Students should be able to apply their knowledge in basic economic concepts of demand and supply, economic valuation of ecosystem goods and services, as well as basic watershed ecology in analyzing a practical situation provided in the case. Main contents of this case study comprise four parts. The first part is the general information about the study area and the community conservation practices in case of Mae Lao Watershed, Thailand. The second part deals with Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) in theory and in practice. The third part consists of questions for discussion and group exercises for students to practice. The final part contains the information of teaching note about learning objectives, student audience and background readings.

kasetsartjournal.ku.ac.th

... Gursum District, Ethiopia Abebaw Shimeles 1 *, Penporn Janekarnkij 2 and Vute Wangwacharakul ... more ... Gursum District, Ethiopia Abebaw Shimeles 1 *, Penporn Janekarnkij 2 and Vute Wangwacharakul 2 ABSTRACT ... The impact may be more remarkable in Ethiopia (Bekele and Drake, 2003). However, the possible impacts of land degradation problems were not ...

This case study refers to the role of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) as an economic tool in... more This case study refers to the role of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) as an economic tool in supporting and promoting sustainable development locally. It was developed for using in both undergraduate and graduate courses in natural resource and environmental economics and economic valuation of ecosystem goods and services. Students should be able to apply their knowledge in basic economic concepts of demand and supply, economic valuation of ecosystem goods and services, as well as basic watershed ecology in analyzing a practical situation provided in the case. Main contents of this case study comprise four parts. The first part is the general information about the study area and the community conservation practices in case of Mae Lao Watershed, Thailand. The second part deals with Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) in theory and in practice. The third part consists of questions for discussion and group exercises for students to practice. The final part contains the informatio...

Over the past 20 years, flood and drought in Thailand have impacted up to 2.58 million farming ho... more Over the past 20 years, flood and drought in Thailand have impacted up to 2.58 million farming households and caused damages about 6,000 million Baht each year. Various studies have examined natural hazard impacts on the Thai economy and particularly on agricultural sector. Moving towards sustainable development, economic vulnerability to natural hazards should be improved which could be linked to disaster mitigation policies and development. This study aims to explore the Kuznets relationship between economic growth and damages from flood and drought in the Thai agricultural sector using annual data at the provincial levels during 1989-2012. It is hypothesized that as the country becomes wealthier, appropriate development and investment in disaster mitigation could lead to disaster reduction in agricultural sector. Results from the random effect regression support the Kuznets hypothesis in the models for both flood and drought. Precipitation variation increases agricultural damages...

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2013

This paper reviews the determinants of rural household food security in Africa and Asia where mor... more This paper reviews the determinants of rural household food security in Africa and Asia where more than 88% of the world's undernourished people live. A conceptual model is proposed on the basis of the three widely known components of food security: food availability, accessibility and utilisation. This model is used to select a total of 40 peer-reviewed studies carried out over the last decade (20 each from Africa and Asia). A meta-analysis technique is then used to identify which determinants of food security have been highlighted and how well the causality is demonstrated. Food availability is the most studied component in both regions, followed by food accessibility, while food utilisation is the most neglected component in these studies.

Land degradation in the highlands of Ethiopia is reaching an irreversible state. It has become in... more Land degradation in the highlands of Ethiopia is reaching an irreversible state. It has become increasingly difficult to maintain the current level of production of basic food items. Government and nongovernmental organizations have attempted to promote soil conservation technologies. However, their attempts have not succeeded in activating voluntary adoption to the expected level. This paper examines the main determinants of farmersu adoption decisions and the use intensity of level bund soil conservation measures using a cross-sectional sample of 280 farm households in the Gursum district of Eastern Ethiopia. Tobit analysis was employed to analyze the data. The results showed that highland agro-ecological location, slope, educational level of the household head, extension service, land tenure security, access to credit, and offfarm income are important factors that positively influence the adoption and intensity of use of level bunds in the study area, whereas livestock holding ha...

This study was carried out to identify determinants of rural household food security in the Jigji... more This study was carried out to identify determinants of rural household food security in the Jigjiga district of Ethiopia. Data used in this study were collected from 160 rural households in the study area using a stratified sampling technique. An empirical analysis based on a logit model was employed to analyze the primary data. The survey results of the study revealed that 63 percent of the households were food secure, while 37 percent were found to be food insecure. Among various factors included in the logit model, six were found to be statistically significant determinants of household food security. Variables such as: total household income, fertilizer use, extension service, access to credit and veterinary service were found to have positive influence; while agro-ecology affected the food security of the households in lowland negatively. Access to fertilizer, extension, veterinary and credit would increase household food security in the study area by 84, 46, 36 and 141 percent...

The over all objective of the study is to examine the net welfare effects of an imposition of som... more The over all objective of the study is to examine the net welfare effects of an imposition of some fishing regulations on trawlers in the Gulf of Thailand. The factors affecting supply of and demand for trawler catches, such as, trash fish and other catches are also examined. The income effects of change in the price of commodity was assumed to be zero. The change in consumer surplus and producer surplus were used as the measurements of change in net social welfare. It is assumed that a unit gain or loss in producer surplus is equal to a unit gainor loss in consumer surpluse from trawler fishery after the imposition of regulation son trawler catches and fishing efforts were evaluated. Ordinary least squares (OLS),twos tageleast squares (2SLS) , and first order auto regressive techniques CARl) were used to test the empiral results.Monthly data (1979-1982) on trawelatches and trawling efforts in the Gulf of Thailand, prices of trawler catches and fish meal,and price index of meats oth...

Defining food security in terms of availability and access to sufficient food to meet dietary nee... more Defining food security in terms of availability and access to sufficient food to meet dietary needs for a productive and healthy life, this paper assessed the dimensions of food insecurity and its association with the adoption of soil conservation technologies in the Gursum district of Eastern Ethiopia. Stratified random sampling was employed to select 280 rural households, from which primary data were acquired by means of structured questionnaires. This study applied the Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) model, which was originally developed for poverty analysis, to examine the incidence of food insecurity, and the food insecurity gap and severity of food insecurity. Sixty seven percent of the total sampled households adopted structural soil conservation measures. Of those who were adopters, 43 percent and 57 percent undertook traditional and introduced soil conservation measures, respectively. The results indicated that almost 66 percent of the sampled households were food insecur...

This paper explores economic benefit for flood risk reduction of residents living in the core eco... more This paper explores economic benefit for flood risk reduction of residents living in the core economic zones of lower Chao Phraya River Basin, Thailand. Under the action plan of integrated and sustainable flood mitigation in Chao Phraya River Basin, 4.29 million households would become beneficiaries. Using contingent valuation method (CVM), the potential benefit of flood risk reduction from this action plan is approximately THB 8.82 billion per year with an average willingness to pay (WTP) of THB 2,056 per household annually. The estimated benefit accrued to household residents in the study area is only part of the total potential benefits, if the plan were enacted. The finding reveals that household’s income, flood risk reduction, and program acceptance are significant determinants to increase WTP. Beneficiary pay mechanism such as flood protection fee or tax incorporating different income or different flood risk exposure on property should be considered in the flood management pol...

BASE

Description of the subject. With increasing concerns on the sustainability of agricultural system... more Description of the subject. With increasing concerns on the sustainability of agricultural systems, many tools have been developed to assess farm sustainability. Objectives. The main objective of this study was to assess and compare the sustainability of different forms of family farm organization. A second objective was to test the relevance of the IDEA method (Indicateurs de Durabilité des Exploitations Agricoles or Farm Sustainability Indicators) to compare tree-crop-based family farms in tropical areas. Method. Percentages of sustainability were calculated based on individual interviews conducted with 25 rubber farmers representing three different types of farm (typology based on the labor used for farming activities), using three scales and 10 components. Results. The socio-territorial scale was the weak point of the rubber farms. In contrast, the economic scale was relatively the best asset on all farms. The factor that most differentiated the three types of farm was the agro-...

Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences

Abstract Water Onion is an aquatic plant endemic to the coastal plains of southern Thailand. The ... more Abstract Water Onion is an aquatic plant endemic to the coastal plains of southern Thailand. The species is listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List. Despite rapidly declining stocks, the species is not protected under any Thai legislation nor under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). At the local level, Water Onion is protected and conserved by young people and adults for various socio-economic reasons. The study explored the participation and underlying conservation motivations of 312 youths in Kapoe district, Ranong province. Using principal component analysis, the youth's motivation for Water Onion conservation was classified into four categories: pro-social, pro-nature, social image, and extrinsic. The results from a logit regression indicated that pro-nature is one of the key motivational factors enhancing actual youth participation in the protection and conservation of Water Onion. It is important for policy makers to understand the effects of various types of motivation on different policy mechanisms in order to craft more effective policies that can further enhance youth participation in conservation initiatives.

Climate

With the existing state of issues related to global climate change, the accuracy of farmers’ perc... more With the existing state of issues related to global climate change, the accuracy of farmers’ perceptions of climate is critically important if they plan to implement appropriate adaptation measures in their farming. This article evaluated if farmers perceive the trends of local climate variability accurately, and was verified by the historical meteorological data analysis. Ordered probit perception models were applied in this study to determine the factors influencing the accuracy of farmer perception. It was observed that farmers’ perceptions of the rainfall amount during the early, mid, and late monsoon periods were highly accurate, and they also accurately perceived summer temperature change, but less accuracy of perception was observed of the temperate changes of the winter and monsoon seasons. Access to weekly weather information, participation in agricultural trainings, farming experience, and education level of the farmer were the major factors determining the accuracy of per...

… Policy Reforms, Bangkok, Thailand, 2007

Approximately 18% of Thailand's total land area is currently designated as protected areas (e... more Approximately 18% of Thailand's total land area is currently designated as protected areas (e.g. national parks and wildlife sanctuaries) set aside for biodiversity conservation. The benefits these protected areas (PAs) provide in terms of environmental services, recreational opportunities, and biodiversity values accrue disproportionately at the national and global levels, while the poor, rural communities living within and around PAs typically

Working Papers, 2014

This case study refers to the role of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) as an economic tool in... more This case study refers to the role of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) as an economic tool in supporting and promoting sustainable development locally. It was developed for using in both undergraduate and graduate courses in natural resource and environmental economics and economic valuation of ecosystem goods and services. Students should be able to apply their knowledge in basic economic concepts of demand and supply, economic valuation of ecosystem goods and services, as well as basic watershed ecology in analyzing a practical situation provided in the case. Main contents of this case study comprise four parts. The first part is the general information about the study area and the community conservation practices in case of Mae Lao Watershed, Thailand. The second part deals with Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) in theory and in practice. The third part consists of questions for discussion and group exercises for students to practice. The final part contains the information of teaching note about learning objectives, student audience and background readings.