PW Khong - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by PW Khong

A semi-analytical, semi-numerical formulation is presented to obtain the critical buckling loads ... more A semi-analytical, semi-numerical formulation is presented to obtain the critical buckling loads for uniaxially compressed structural members. The method is ideally suitable for use with a desk top computer. ARP 19/90

The International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management, 2001

The communication services have changed rapidly due to the explosive growth in popularity of the ... more The communication services have changed rapidly due to the explosive growth in popularity of the Internet and Web-based technology. The current research was motivated by the growing trend towards the realization of Web-based technology. In this paper the development of a management tool, e-survey system design is described. Although the methodology lacks the scientific rigor of planning and is controlled, analysis is discussed to help understand the limitations and process of survey through Internet. The merits of the e-survey system are explored, and the behavior of the esurvey is also studied.

Patent in the broad sense means legal rights arising from intellectual activities in the industri... more Patent in the broad sense means legal rights arising from intellectual activities in the industrial and scientific fields. Patent law aims to protect the inventors by granting them the rights to control the use of their creations for a certain time limit. There are numerous definitions for technology and the most popular among them is this definition -"technology is the practical use of scientific information". To stay ahead of competition, organizations have to constantly update their existing processes, products and technology. One strategy to improve these is to make use of existing available technology through searching patent information from the Internet, then to spend time and resources on developing new technologies that may not benefit the company at all. The aim of this paper is to explore the patent technology and present patent information so that these "raw" data can become part of a company's competitive strategy.

The International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management, 2003

Patent in the broad sense means legal rights arising from intellectual activities in the industri... more Patent in the broad sense means legal rights arising from intellectual activities in the industrial and scientific fields. Patent law aims to protect the inventors by granting them the rights to control the use of their creations for a certain time limit. There are numerous definitions for technology and the most popular among them is this definition - “technology is the practical use of scientific information”. To stay ahead of competition, organizations have to constantly update their existing processes, products and technology. One strategy to improve these is to make use of existing available technology through searching patent information from the Internet, then to spend time and resources on developing new technologies that may not benefit the company at all. The aim of this paper is to explore the patent technology and present patent information so that these “raw” data can become part of a company’s competitive strategy.

Journal of Composites Technology and Research, 1991

... Title, Stability study of coupling responses in laminates. Creator/Author, Chai, GB ; Khong, ... more ... Title, Stability study of coupling responses in laminates. Creator/Author, Chai, GB ; Khong, PW (Nanyang Technological University (Singapore)). Publication Date, 1991 Jan 01. OSTI Identifier, OSTI ID: 6107557. Other Number(s), Journal ID: ISSN 0885-6804; CODEN: JCTRE. ...

Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Designing pleasurable products and interfaces - DPPI '03, 2003

ABSTRACT Decades of ergonomics research change the consumers' criteria by which they valu... more ABSTRACT Decades of ergonomics research change the consumers' criteria by which they value and choose an IT product. Compared with the emphasis placed on new functions, reliability, and good after-service in past, emotional response to products has become an important user requirement to improve the customer acceptance in the market. This study develops a model and validates two specific antecedent variables-computer experience and capability-which are hypothesized to be fundamental determinants of users' emotional response to IT products usage. Adding four more variables-such as attitude, belief, end user satisfaction and impact-test the parsimony of the model further. The research data were derived from a questionnaire survey circulated to 618 people in the worldwide and LISREL, a technique for modeling structural equation systems, was used to analyze the responses.

Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Designing pleasurable products and interfaces - DPPI '03, 2003

ABSTRACT Firms have realised that establishing competitive advantage is critical to their surviva... more ABSTRACT Firms have realised that establishing competitive advantage is critical to their survival. With Customer requirements having evolved from merely meeting functional requirements and expecting quality, to the present demand for pleasurable features as well, the design of pleasurable products is beginning to take centre stage as firms try to gain competitive advantage through the establishment of strong product demand. While the result of this is very visible, it is important to realise that the application of pleasurable products actually contributes more significantly to a firm's competitive advantage when introduced to the work environment. This is due to improved performance which in turn leads to the development of intellectual products of higher quality, hence sustaining the established competitive advantage.

Buckling analysis of composite materials is tedious and expensive, especially when various edge b... more Buckling analysis of composite materials is tedious and expensive, especially when various edge boundary and loading conditions are included. A finite strip method implemented on the buckling analysis of laminated composite panels is presented. In the analysis, the out of plane behavior of the composite panel is described by thin plate theory and the deformation variations across the panel are represented by a fifth degree polynomial function. Elementary beam theory is used to account for the in-plane destabilizing effects. Employing the Rayleigh Ritz method, stiffness matrices are formed through minimizing the total potential energy with respect to the displacement parameters. The algorithm is simple and direct. Regardless of the number of layers of laminate and the complexity of the arrangement, it eventually leads to 7 by 7 stiffness matrices being formed. Since the matrices derived are small in scale, they do not require a large memory space when programmed on a computer. The ro...

e-communication 9 e-mail Healthcare technology can be defined as the application of science or en... more e-communication 9 e-mail Healthcare technology can be defined as the application of science or engineering to a particular need within the healthcare industry. As medicine and healthcare delivery have become increasingly competitive, knowledge and innovation are essential for the survival.

2005 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology 27th Annual Conference, 2005

Allopathic medical diagnostic divides the human body into physiological and organ systems and ana... more Allopathic medical diagnostic divides the human body into physiological and organ systems and analyzes the condition of these systems individually based on their anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and pathology. However, without analysis of intricate signals between these systems, it is difficult to provide a deeper insight of a patient's health, therefore reliable detection of diseases. This purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the possibilities of providing holistic medical screening through measurement of bioenergy fields which have both biophysical and biophysic bearings.

International Journal of Healthcare Technology and Management, 2006

Rising costs and increasing expectations from patients (consumers) have caused healthcare planner... more Rising costs and increasing expectations from patients (consumers) have caused healthcare planners to seek ways to improve efficiency, while striking a balance with the quality of services offered. This study explores how the integrated emerging technologies can play a valuable role in cost-effective medical and healthcare delivery by means of e-data computer simulation of clinical units, borderless data (such as intelligent patient medical records), engineering e-processes and systems analysis of primary-to-tertiary care systems. Incorporation of costly medical technologies into healthcare delivery is supposed to make: • medical diagnosis more timely and reliable • treatment more efficacious • the delivery system more cost-effective. However, this can only happen if: • all the components of the healthcare delivery system are analysed as a chain system without duplication of services • the submits of each of these components are also operating as a multi-compartmental system with feedback loops tying them into one integrated regulatory system, having the objectives of optimal patient care with streamlined operations. Finally, a virtual diagnostic clinic is constructed by means of a system dynamics approach to illustrate these concepts.

Mechanics of Composite Materials and Structures, 2001

A study into the structural postbuckling response of symmetric laminated composite plates subject... more A study into the structural postbuckling response of symmetric laminated composite plates subjected to in-plane compressive load is presented in this contribution. Various cases of support conditions are investigated: loaded ends are either simply supported or clamped, while the unloaded edges are a combination of simple support, clamp, and free. The method of analysis used is the combination of the semienergy approach using the semianalytical nite-strip methodology and the well-known von Karman large-de ection equations. Extensive validation of the analytical solution with published theoretical solutions and experimental data are presented. The nal form of the expression is quite versatile and can be readily used for design purposes.

Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 1992

In materials-processing work such as sheet-metal working, metal stamping and die design, the prop... more In materials-processing work such as sheet-metal working, metal stamping and die design, the proper arrangement and layout of the objects are important, as this optimises the usage of materials and minimises wastage and thus reduces production costs. A software package that is tailored to the needs in this case is presented. The program includes the development of a customised AutoCAD procedure with AutoLISP programming features on a desktop computer. An external optimisation code is employed in conjunction with the customised AutoCAD package, the external code economising the computational time involved in the optimisation calculations and enabling a more through solution to be obtained without a time penalty. Furthermore, the calculation procedures employ various techniques to handle different kind of materials-processing problems, examples being given to illustrate the flexibility of the approach.

Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 1994

Thin plates have a stable post buckling behaviour so that its failure load is materially higher t... more Thin plates have a stable post buckling behaviour so that its failure load is materially higher than its buckling load. This characteristic makes thin plates very suitable structural elements in lightweight structures. For a thin-walled channel which consists of a system of connected thin plates, the structure will develop local, torsional, flexural buckling or a combinatflTn of these modes under axially compressive loads. Either buckle of an individual plate component or buckle as a system of connected plates may cause a reduction in the stiffness of the section. Hence, a lower load carrying capacity is expected. In this paper, the finite strip method is employed to investigate the buckling behaviour of axially loaded lipped channels. In the formulatkm, by modifying the displacement function, the buckling solution of other end support conditions besides the simply supported case is obtained. Furthermore, utilizing the eigenvectors from the elastic buckling solution, the lower bound method is used to evaluate the initial post buckling stiffness of an adequately edged stiffened thin-walled channel.

International Journal of Modelling, Identification and Control, 2011

Healthcare information is recognised as a promising direction for life science research and devel... more Healthcare information is recognised as a promising direction for life science research and development to explore its fundamental roles on the next generation of web-empowered products, systems, services and activities. The use of information technology (IT) in healthcare industry has become more prominent due to the rising need to provide a cost-effective and high quality healthcare service. The proposed healthcare information system, namely healthcare database information system (HDIS) is a medical information system for educated decision making which aims to provide healthcare/medical information to a wide range of users from public at large, doctors to healthcare planners. HDIS focuses on providing healthcare personnel, patients and caretakers with information when they need it and where they need it so that they can make educated decisions. A modular system was conceptualised where each function of the system was segregated into different small programs. This enables end-user to customise his own system to his own needs without redundant features in the system. Such a system also allows for a continual build up of database which would lead to improved data quality and comparability in a cyber community.

International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology, 2007

From the industrial revolution to the age of space travel, the same pattern keeps emerging. For a... more From the industrial revolution to the age of space travel, the same pattern keeps emerging. For a sustainable business process, the emphasis is no longer on raw technology but on how to make the new technology reliable, secure, inexpensive and easy to use. Products that used to require years for their development are now being produced in months or even weeks, and rushed to the market. Globalisation, technological advancement and change in legislation landscape have led to strategic shifts for enterprise development. The emergence of e-business, especially, has transformed the international trade landscape. As this development has the potential to benefit economic growth and living standards around the world, it is imperative that the World Trade Organisation (WTO) supports barrier-free e-commerce. Moreover, global competition combined with technological innovation has created an environment that opens a window of opportunity for enterprises. This paper outlines the challenges and issues of sustainable enterprise development in the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) era. Through the findings of web-based-survey, user acceptance of a new business development is tested in the 'virtual world' by the intended users/customers. The experiences of these early users/customers are forwarded to the enterprises that make final decision.

Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 1990

ABSTRACT The conventional finite element method has been modified to allow the elastic stresses a... more ABSTRACT The conventional finite element method has been modified to allow the elastic stresses at mid-side and corner nodes and along the free boundaries of a structure to be determined with improved accuracy. The results obtained by this modified method are compared with the traditional finite element and some well established solutions.

Composite Structures, 1993

ABSTRACT The buckling analysis of laminated composite plates using a semi-numerical approach call... more ABSTRACT The buckling analysis of laminated composite plates using a semi-numerical approach called the finite strip method is presented. The composite plates are subjected to in-plane compression and their boundary conditions on the unloaded edges are simulated to vary from the free condition to clamp condition using a quintic polynomial function. Along the loaded edges three different support conditions are simulated using single term trigonometric functions. The coupling influence in these laminated plates on the buckling behaviour is accounted for in the analysis through the use of the reduced bending stiffness concept. The validity of the results obtained are verified by comparison with published results and experimental results. Some parametric studies towards the end of this paper give an interesting insight into the effect of changing the support conditions on the buckling behaviour of laminated composite plates. The limitations using the finite strip method found in the present study are also discussed.

International Journal of the Computer, the Internet …, 2004

Rising cost and increasing expectation from patients (consumers) have caused health care planners... more Rising cost and increasing expectation from patients (consumers) have caused health care planners to seek ways in improving efficiency, while striking a balance with the quality of services offered. Consequently several successful healthmanagement organizations apply advanced computer technology as the catalyst for a whole new set of parameters for product design, development and operation to achieve excellence in their core business process. In this study, computer technologies refer primarily to technologies used for healthcare delivery services, which are related specifically to aid effective and efficient medical care for patients (the consumers). This study also explores how integrated emerging technologies can play a valuable role in cost-effective medical and health care delivery by means of computer technology.

A semi-analytical, semi-numerical formulation is presented to obtain the critical buckling loads ... more A semi-analytical, semi-numerical formulation is presented to obtain the critical buckling loads for uniaxially compressed structural members. The method is ideally suitable for use with a desk top computer. ARP 19/90

The International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management, 2001

The communication services have changed rapidly due to the explosive growth in popularity of the ... more The communication services have changed rapidly due to the explosive growth in popularity of the Internet and Web-based technology. The current research was motivated by the growing trend towards the realization of Web-based technology. In this paper the development of a management tool, e-survey system design is described. Although the methodology lacks the scientific rigor of planning and is controlled, analysis is discussed to help understand the limitations and process of survey through Internet. The merits of the e-survey system are explored, and the behavior of the esurvey is also studied.

Patent in the broad sense means legal rights arising from intellectual activities in the industri... more Patent in the broad sense means legal rights arising from intellectual activities in the industrial and scientific fields. Patent law aims to protect the inventors by granting them the rights to control the use of their creations for a certain time limit. There are numerous definitions for technology and the most popular among them is this definition -"technology is the practical use of scientific information". To stay ahead of competition, organizations have to constantly update their existing processes, products and technology. One strategy to improve these is to make use of existing available technology through searching patent information from the Internet, then to spend time and resources on developing new technologies that may not benefit the company at all. The aim of this paper is to explore the patent technology and present patent information so that these "raw" data can become part of a company's competitive strategy.

The International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management, 2003

Patent in the broad sense means legal rights arising from intellectual activities in the industri... more Patent in the broad sense means legal rights arising from intellectual activities in the industrial and scientific fields. Patent law aims to protect the inventors by granting them the rights to control the use of their creations for a certain time limit. There are numerous definitions for technology and the most popular among them is this definition - “technology is the practical use of scientific information”. To stay ahead of competition, organizations have to constantly update their existing processes, products and technology. One strategy to improve these is to make use of existing available technology through searching patent information from the Internet, then to spend time and resources on developing new technologies that may not benefit the company at all. The aim of this paper is to explore the patent technology and present patent information so that these “raw” data can become part of a company’s competitive strategy.

Journal of Composites Technology and Research, 1991

... Title, Stability study of coupling responses in laminates. Creator/Author, Chai, GB ; Khong, ... more ... Title, Stability study of coupling responses in laminates. Creator/Author, Chai, GB ; Khong, PW (Nanyang Technological University (Singapore)). Publication Date, 1991 Jan 01. OSTI Identifier, OSTI ID: 6107557. Other Number(s), Journal ID: ISSN 0885-6804; CODEN: JCTRE. ...

Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Designing pleasurable products and interfaces - DPPI '03, 2003

ABSTRACT Decades of ergonomics research change the consumers' criteria by which they valu... more ABSTRACT Decades of ergonomics research change the consumers' criteria by which they value and choose an IT product. Compared with the emphasis placed on new functions, reliability, and good after-service in past, emotional response to products has become an important user requirement to improve the customer acceptance in the market. This study develops a model and validates two specific antecedent variables-computer experience and capability-which are hypothesized to be fundamental determinants of users' emotional response to IT products usage. Adding four more variables-such as attitude, belief, end user satisfaction and impact-test the parsimony of the model further. The research data were derived from a questionnaire survey circulated to 618 people in the worldwide and LISREL, a technique for modeling structural equation systems, was used to analyze the responses.

Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Designing pleasurable products and interfaces - DPPI '03, 2003

ABSTRACT Firms have realised that establishing competitive advantage is critical to their surviva... more ABSTRACT Firms have realised that establishing competitive advantage is critical to their survival. With Customer requirements having evolved from merely meeting functional requirements and expecting quality, to the present demand for pleasurable features as well, the design of pleasurable products is beginning to take centre stage as firms try to gain competitive advantage through the establishment of strong product demand. While the result of this is very visible, it is important to realise that the application of pleasurable products actually contributes more significantly to a firm's competitive advantage when introduced to the work environment. This is due to improved performance which in turn leads to the development of intellectual products of higher quality, hence sustaining the established competitive advantage.

Buckling analysis of composite materials is tedious and expensive, especially when various edge b... more Buckling analysis of composite materials is tedious and expensive, especially when various edge boundary and loading conditions are included. A finite strip method implemented on the buckling analysis of laminated composite panels is presented. In the analysis, the out of plane behavior of the composite panel is described by thin plate theory and the deformation variations across the panel are represented by a fifth degree polynomial function. Elementary beam theory is used to account for the in-plane destabilizing effects. Employing the Rayleigh Ritz method, stiffness matrices are formed through minimizing the total potential energy with respect to the displacement parameters. The algorithm is simple and direct. Regardless of the number of layers of laminate and the complexity of the arrangement, it eventually leads to 7 by 7 stiffness matrices being formed. Since the matrices derived are small in scale, they do not require a large memory space when programmed on a computer. The ro...

e-communication 9 e-mail Healthcare technology can be defined as the application of science or en... more e-communication 9 e-mail Healthcare technology can be defined as the application of science or engineering to a particular need within the healthcare industry. As medicine and healthcare delivery have become increasingly competitive, knowledge and innovation are essential for the survival.

2005 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology 27th Annual Conference, 2005

Allopathic medical diagnostic divides the human body into physiological and organ systems and ana... more Allopathic medical diagnostic divides the human body into physiological and organ systems and analyzes the condition of these systems individually based on their anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and pathology. However, without analysis of intricate signals between these systems, it is difficult to provide a deeper insight of a patient's health, therefore reliable detection of diseases. This purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the possibilities of providing holistic medical screening through measurement of bioenergy fields which have both biophysical and biophysic bearings.

International Journal of Healthcare Technology and Management, 2006

Rising costs and increasing expectations from patients (consumers) have caused healthcare planner... more Rising costs and increasing expectations from patients (consumers) have caused healthcare planners to seek ways to improve efficiency, while striking a balance with the quality of services offered. This study explores how the integrated emerging technologies can play a valuable role in cost-effective medical and healthcare delivery by means of e-data computer simulation of clinical units, borderless data (such as intelligent patient medical records), engineering e-processes and systems analysis of primary-to-tertiary care systems. Incorporation of costly medical technologies into healthcare delivery is supposed to make: • medical diagnosis more timely and reliable • treatment more efficacious • the delivery system more cost-effective. However, this can only happen if: • all the components of the healthcare delivery system are analysed as a chain system without duplication of services • the submits of each of these components are also operating as a multi-compartmental system with feedback loops tying them into one integrated regulatory system, having the objectives of optimal patient care with streamlined operations. Finally, a virtual diagnostic clinic is constructed by means of a system dynamics approach to illustrate these concepts.

Mechanics of Composite Materials and Structures, 2001

A study into the structural postbuckling response of symmetric laminated composite plates subject... more A study into the structural postbuckling response of symmetric laminated composite plates subjected to in-plane compressive load is presented in this contribution. Various cases of support conditions are investigated: loaded ends are either simply supported or clamped, while the unloaded edges are a combination of simple support, clamp, and free. The method of analysis used is the combination of the semienergy approach using the semianalytical nite-strip methodology and the well-known von Karman large-de ection equations. Extensive validation of the analytical solution with published theoretical solutions and experimental data are presented. The nal form of the expression is quite versatile and can be readily used for design purposes.

Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 1992

In materials-processing work such as sheet-metal working, metal stamping and die design, the prop... more In materials-processing work such as sheet-metal working, metal stamping and die design, the proper arrangement and layout of the objects are important, as this optimises the usage of materials and minimises wastage and thus reduces production costs. A software package that is tailored to the needs in this case is presented. The program includes the development of a customised AutoCAD procedure with AutoLISP programming features on a desktop computer. An external optimisation code is employed in conjunction with the customised AutoCAD package, the external code economising the computational time involved in the optimisation calculations and enabling a more through solution to be obtained without a time penalty. Furthermore, the calculation procedures employ various techniques to handle different kind of materials-processing problems, examples being given to illustrate the flexibility of the approach.

Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 1994

Thin plates have a stable post buckling behaviour so that its failure load is materially higher t... more Thin plates have a stable post buckling behaviour so that its failure load is materially higher than its buckling load. This characteristic makes thin plates very suitable structural elements in lightweight structures. For a thin-walled channel which consists of a system of connected thin plates, the structure will develop local, torsional, flexural buckling or a combinatflTn of these modes under axially compressive loads. Either buckle of an individual plate component or buckle as a system of connected plates may cause a reduction in the stiffness of the section. Hence, a lower load carrying capacity is expected. In this paper, the finite strip method is employed to investigate the buckling behaviour of axially loaded lipped channels. In the formulatkm, by modifying the displacement function, the buckling solution of other end support conditions besides the simply supported case is obtained. Furthermore, utilizing the eigenvectors from the elastic buckling solution, the lower bound method is used to evaluate the initial post buckling stiffness of an adequately edged stiffened thin-walled channel.

International Journal of Modelling, Identification and Control, 2011

Healthcare information is recognised as a promising direction for life science research and devel... more Healthcare information is recognised as a promising direction for life science research and development to explore its fundamental roles on the next generation of web-empowered products, systems, services and activities. The use of information technology (IT) in healthcare industry has become more prominent due to the rising need to provide a cost-effective and high quality healthcare service. The proposed healthcare information system, namely healthcare database information system (HDIS) is a medical information system for educated decision making which aims to provide healthcare/medical information to a wide range of users from public at large, doctors to healthcare planners. HDIS focuses on providing healthcare personnel, patients and caretakers with information when they need it and where they need it so that they can make educated decisions. A modular system was conceptualised where each function of the system was segregated into different small programs. This enables end-user to customise his own system to his own needs without redundant features in the system. Such a system also allows for a continual build up of database which would lead to improved data quality and comparability in a cyber community.

International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology, 2007

From the industrial revolution to the age of space travel, the same pattern keeps emerging. For a... more From the industrial revolution to the age of space travel, the same pattern keeps emerging. For a sustainable business process, the emphasis is no longer on raw technology but on how to make the new technology reliable, secure, inexpensive and easy to use. Products that used to require years for their development are now being produced in months or even weeks, and rushed to the market. Globalisation, technological advancement and change in legislation landscape have led to strategic shifts for enterprise development. The emergence of e-business, especially, has transformed the international trade landscape. As this development has the potential to benefit economic growth and living standards around the world, it is imperative that the World Trade Organisation (WTO) supports barrier-free e-commerce. Moreover, global competition combined with technological innovation has created an environment that opens a window of opportunity for enterprises. This paper outlines the challenges and issues of sustainable enterprise development in the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) era. Through the findings of web-based-survey, user acceptance of a new business development is tested in the 'virtual world' by the intended users/customers. The experiences of these early users/customers are forwarded to the enterprises that make final decision.

Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 1990

ABSTRACT The conventional finite element method has been modified to allow the elastic stresses a... more ABSTRACT The conventional finite element method has been modified to allow the elastic stresses at mid-side and corner nodes and along the free boundaries of a structure to be determined with improved accuracy. The results obtained by this modified method are compared with the traditional finite element and some well established solutions.

Composite Structures, 1993

ABSTRACT The buckling analysis of laminated composite plates using a semi-numerical approach call... more ABSTRACT The buckling analysis of laminated composite plates using a semi-numerical approach called the finite strip method is presented. The composite plates are subjected to in-plane compression and their boundary conditions on the unloaded edges are simulated to vary from the free condition to clamp condition using a quintic polynomial function. Along the loaded edges three different support conditions are simulated using single term trigonometric functions. The coupling influence in these laminated plates on the buckling behaviour is accounted for in the analysis through the use of the reduced bending stiffness concept. The validity of the results obtained are verified by comparison with published results and experimental results. Some parametric studies towards the end of this paper give an interesting insight into the effect of changing the support conditions on the buckling behaviour of laminated composite plates. The limitations using the finite strip method found in the present study are also discussed.

International Journal of the Computer, the Internet …, 2004

Rising cost and increasing expectation from patients (consumers) have caused health care planners... more Rising cost and increasing expectation from patients (consumers) have caused health care planners to seek ways in improving efficiency, while striking a balance with the quality of services offered. Consequently several successful healthmanagement organizations apply advanced computer technology as the catalyst for a whole new set of parameters for product design, development and operation to achieve excellence in their core business process. In this study, computer technologies refer primarily to technologies used for healthcare delivery services, which are related specifically to aid effective and efficient medical care for patients (the consumers). This study also explores how integrated emerging technologies can play a valuable role in cost-effective medical and health care delivery by means of computer technology.