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Papers by Padmashree Kulkarni

Research paper thumbnail of Chlorantriniprole and Its Effect on the Soil Ecosystem

Journal of Advanced Scientific Research

In modern agriculture, pesticides are frequently used for increasing the yield by protecting the ... more In modern agriculture, pesticides are frequently used for increasing the yield by protecting the crops from pests. These pesticides have a negative impact on the soil health and its microbial population. The present investigation was done to evaluate the impact of insecticide Chlorantraniliprole on the total microbial populations, enzymatic activity and various physical parameters (pH, electrical conductivity and organic carbon) in Phaseolus vulgaris cultivated soils. Soil samples were collected before the insecticide spray and on the 3rd, 10th, 20th and 30th day after the insecticide spray from the Phaseolus vulgaris cultivated fields of Singanayakanahalli, Doddaballapur, (Field 1), from fields sprayed with the recommended amount of the pesticide (Field 2) and from field treated with only manure (Field 3) (University of Agricultural Sciences; Bengaluru). Results indicated a significant reduction in the microbial populations and the enzymatic activity. After this initial reduction, ...

Research paper thumbnail of A Review on Bacterial Degradation of Triphenylmethane Dyes

Synthetic dyes persist in the environment due to their recalcitrant nature. Wide range of applica... more Synthetic dyes persist in the environment due to their recalcitrant nature. Wide range of application of synthetic dyes in industrial and clinical set ups has led to an increased discharge of these dyes into the environment. The dyes being toxic and carcinogenic have to undergo efficient treatment before releasing into the environment. Different physical and chemical methods have been adopted for the treatment of dye effluents. However biological methods are more favoured as they are cost efficient and environment friendly. Most of the biological treatments of dyes rely on microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, algae and yeast. This review aims at providing a detailed account of bacterial degradation of widely used dyes belonging to the class of triphenylmethane dyes.

Research paper thumbnail of Coelomic Fluid of Earthworm (Eudrilus eugeniae) as Antibacterial Agent Against Vibrio alginolyticus and Staphylococcus hominis

Coelomic Fluid of Earthworm (Eudrilus eugeniae) as Antibacterial Agent Against Vibrio alginolyticus and Staphylococcus hominis

Indian Journal of Applied Research, Dec 1, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis, characterization of some novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds containing 8-hydroxy quinolone moiety as potential antibacterial and anticancer agents

International Journal of Pharmacological Research, Dec 30, 2014

In the present work a series of novel derivatives of 8-hydroxy quinolone substituted 1,3,4-oxadia... more In the present work a series of novel derivatives of 8-hydroxy quinolone substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds were synthesized by convergent synthetic method and studied for their antibacterial and anticancer properties. The cell lines used for the cytotoxic evaluation are HeLa, Caco-2 and MCF7. The synthetic chemistry involved conversion of various substituted aromatic acids into ethyl ester 2a-e. The ethyl ester was converted into corresponding carbohydrazide 3a-e. Carbohydrazides are reacted with chloroacetic acid, phosphorous oxytrichloride and irradiated with microwave in order to obtain the various key intermediates 2-(chloromethyl)-5-(substituted phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole 4a-e. The 2-(chloromethyl)-5-(substituted phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole was reacted with 8-hydroxy quinolone in presence of sodium hydride and obtained a series of 8-hydroxy quinolinesubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles 5ae.Among the synthesised compounds, the cytotoxicity of the compound 5b i.e. 8-{[5-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,3,4oxadiazol-2-yl]methoxy}quinoline against HeLa with IC 50 of 5.3µM and the compound 5e i.e. 8-{[5-(4-bromophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]methoxy}quinoline showed MIC of < 6.25µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus which is comparable with the known standards. The standards used for cytotoxic evaluation was 5-fluorouracil and for antibacterial was nitrofurazone.

Research paper thumbnail of Decolorization of Azo Dyes by Chemically and Biosynthesized ZnO Nanoparticles

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2022

Dye contaminants in industrial effluents contribute significantly to environmental pollution. Con... more Dye contaminants in industrial effluents contribute significantly to environmental pollution. Conventional waste water treatment methods are expensive and energy consuming. These limitations could be overcome by the use of nanobioremediation processes. The present work was an effort to study decolorization of azodyes by ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). Rubine GDB (R-GDB) and Congo Red (CR) were the azodyes selected for the study. The ZnO NPs were successfully synthesized by chemical and biological methods. Chemical synthesis of ZnO NPs was carried out by co-precipitation method; biological synthesis was done using bacteria Bacillus subtilis. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis Spectroscopy, SEM and XRD. The UV spectrophotometer showed peaks in the range of 300-400 nm. SEM pictures indicated the presence of NPs in the size of 100nm-200nm. XRD results were analyzed on the basis of the peaks that were seen. EDX analysis showed the presence of Zn particles and oxygen particles majorly. Decolorization efficiency was evualated by calculating % decolorization by Meyer's method. Chemically synthesized NPs showed maximum % decolorization of the R-GDB (89.058 %) and CR (88.888%). The biosynthesized NPs showed the least decolorization (R-GDB -18 % and CR 20.357 %). However, moderate percentages of decolorization of both the azodyes were observed when a combination of the NPs was used (R-GDB -36.072 % and CR-39.824 %). Nanoparticles showed good potential for the decolorization of the azo dyes. With further optimization of the parameters the present findings show that dye decolorization by chemically synthesized ZnO NPs could be used as a probable nanobioremediation approach to treat wastewaters.

Research paper thumbnail of Chlorantriniprole and Its Effect on the Soil Ecosystem

Journal of Advanced Scientific Research

In modern agriculture, pesticides are frequently used for increasing the yield by protecting the ... more In modern agriculture, pesticides are frequently used for increasing the yield by protecting the crops from pests. These pesticides have a negative impact on the soil health and its microbial population. The present investigation was done to evaluate the impact of insecticide Chlorantraniliprole on the total microbial populations, enzymatic activity and various physical parameters (pH, electrical conductivity and organic carbon) in Phaseolus vulgaris cultivated soils. Soil samples were collected before the insecticide spray and on the 3rd, 10th, 20th and 30th day after the insecticide spray from the Phaseolus vulgaris cultivated fields of Singanayakanahalli, Doddaballapur, (Field 1), from fields sprayed with the recommended amount of the pesticide (Field 2) and from field treated with only manure (Field 3) (University of Agricultural Sciences; Bengaluru). Results indicated a significant reduction in the microbial populations and the enzymatic activity. After this initial reduction, ...

Research paper thumbnail of A Review on Bacterial Degradation of Triphenylmethane Dyes

Synthetic dyes persist in the environment due to their recalcitrant nature. Wide range of applica... more Synthetic dyes persist in the environment due to their recalcitrant nature. Wide range of application of synthetic dyes in industrial and clinical set ups has led to an increased discharge of these dyes into the environment. The dyes being toxic and carcinogenic have to undergo efficient treatment before releasing into the environment. Different physical and chemical methods have been adopted for the treatment of dye effluents. However biological methods are more favoured as they are cost efficient and environment friendly. Most of the biological treatments of dyes rely on microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, algae and yeast. This review aims at providing a detailed account of bacterial degradation of widely used dyes belonging to the class of triphenylmethane dyes.

Research paper thumbnail of Coelomic Fluid of Earthworm (Eudrilus eugeniae) as Antibacterial Agent Against Vibrio alginolyticus and Staphylococcus hominis

Coelomic Fluid of Earthworm (Eudrilus eugeniae) as Antibacterial Agent Against Vibrio alginolyticus and Staphylococcus hominis

Indian Journal of Applied Research, Dec 1, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis, characterization of some novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds containing 8-hydroxy quinolone moiety as potential antibacterial and anticancer agents

International Journal of Pharmacological Research, Dec 30, 2014

In the present work a series of novel derivatives of 8-hydroxy quinolone substituted 1,3,4-oxadia... more In the present work a series of novel derivatives of 8-hydroxy quinolone substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds were synthesized by convergent synthetic method and studied for their antibacterial and anticancer properties. The cell lines used for the cytotoxic evaluation are HeLa, Caco-2 and MCF7. The synthetic chemistry involved conversion of various substituted aromatic acids into ethyl ester 2a-e. The ethyl ester was converted into corresponding carbohydrazide 3a-e. Carbohydrazides are reacted with chloroacetic acid, phosphorous oxytrichloride and irradiated with microwave in order to obtain the various key intermediates 2-(chloromethyl)-5-(substituted phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole 4a-e. The 2-(chloromethyl)-5-(substituted phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole was reacted with 8-hydroxy quinolone in presence of sodium hydride and obtained a series of 8-hydroxy quinolinesubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles 5ae.Among the synthesised compounds, the cytotoxicity of the compound 5b i.e. 8-{[5-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,3,4oxadiazol-2-yl]methoxy}quinoline against HeLa with IC 50 of 5.3µM and the compound 5e i.e. 8-{[5-(4-bromophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]methoxy}quinoline showed MIC of < 6.25µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus which is comparable with the known standards. The standards used for cytotoxic evaluation was 5-fluorouracil and for antibacterial was nitrofurazone.

Research paper thumbnail of Decolorization of Azo Dyes by Chemically and Biosynthesized ZnO Nanoparticles

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2022

Dye contaminants in industrial effluents contribute significantly to environmental pollution. Con... more Dye contaminants in industrial effluents contribute significantly to environmental pollution. Conventional waste water treatment methods are expensive and energy consuming. These limitations could be overcome by the use of nanobioremediation processes. The present work was an effort to study decolorization of azodyes by ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). Rubine GDB (R-GDB) and Congo Red (CR) were the azodyes selected for the study. The ZnO NPs were successfully synthesized by chemical and biological methods. Chemical synthesis of ZnO NPs was carried out by co-precipitation method; biological synthesis was done using bacteria Bacillus subtilis. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis Spectroscopy, SEM and XRD. The UV spectrophotometer showed peaks in the range of 300-400 nm. SEM pictures indicated the presence of NPs in the size of 100nm-200nm. XRD results were analyzed on the basis of the peaks that were seen. EDX analysis showed the presence of Zn particles and oxygen particles majorly. Decolorization efficiency was evualated by calculating % decolorization by Meyer's method. Chemically synthesized NPs showed maximum % decolorization of the R-GDB (89.058 %) and CR (88.888%). The biosynthesized NPs showed the least decolorization (R-GDB -18 % and CR 20.357 %). However, moderate percentages of decolorization of both the azodyes were observed when a combination of the NPs was used (R-GDB -36.072 % and CR-39.824 %). Nanoparticles showed good potential for the decolorization of the azo dyes. With further optimization of the parameters the present findings show that dye decolorization by chemically synthesized ZnO NPs could be used as a probable nanobioremediation approach to treat wastewaters.