Paivi Kivikytoreponen - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Paivi Kivikytoreponen

Research paper thumbnail of Sustainable material design aspects through WC/Co substitution case study

Sustainable design aspects are discussed through hard metal case study. Raw material scarcity, de... more Sustainable design aspects are discussed through hard metal case study. Raw material scarcity, demand for substitution for critical raw materials, need to substitute toxic materials and need for sustainability are driving to material life cycle design and control evidently. Currently, hard metals (also cemented carbides) are the most important powder metallurgical route manufactured materials widely applied both as bulk materials and as coatings. One of the most common hard metals is tungsten carbide (WC) with cobalt (Co) binder metal, WC/Co. Cemented carbides are preferred materials in applications that must withstand all forms of wear and exhibiting a high degree of toughness. Cemented carbides are primarily used in metal cutting tools, metal forming tools (e.g. dies), construction and mining equipment. In the present list of critical raw materials (7.5.2014) of European Union both tungsten (W) and cobalt (Co) are included containing relative high economic and supply risk. Another...

Research paper thumbnail of Multimaterial Wear Part of a Vertical Shaft Impactor

Research paper thumbnail of Ecodesign concept case studies: Cu in electric motor and Ni in waste incinerator

MRS Proceedings, 2013

ABSTRACT VTT has implemented the demand of energy and resource efficiency in the framework of Eco... more ABSTRACT VTT has implemented the demand of energy and resource efficiency in the framework of Ecodesign concept covering the whole material life cycle from material sources to material design and manufacturing, component life time optimisation and finally recycling concepts. The vision of the virtually supported Ecodesign concept is to create optimized and efficient machine and device components regarding their whole lifecycle by evolving multiscale modelling.In this presentation we will introduce our development work within our Ecodesign concept by giving two case examples including Cu flow in electrical motor and Ni flow in waste incinerator. In the first case we will discuss raw material scarcity based design criteria, technological challenges and possibilities of Cu substitution and finally energy efficiency in system level. In the latter we will discuss multiscale modelling approach starting from raw materials and new design criteria regarding performance, life time, maintenance strategies and energy efficiency in system level operation.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of test parameters on large particle high speed slurry erosion testing

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling and testing of elastomer impact deformation under high strain rates

Research paper thumbnail of High speed slurry-pot type erosion wear tester

A high speed slurry-pot type erosion wear tester was developed for testing of wear resistant mate... more A high speed slurry-pot type erosion wear tester was developed for testing of wear resistant materials for industrial applications. In the tester, the samples are attached to a vertical rotating shaft on four levels in a pin mill configuration. High speeds at the sample tip, up to 20 m/s, can be achieved also with large abrasive size up to 10 mm. In the tests, the equipment proved to be functional and durable even with the high loads created by the high speeds and large abrasive sizes. There are, however, large variations in the slurry concentrations and thereby wear rates at the different sample levels. In the tests with fixed sample levels, this leads to considerable uncertainties and variations in the test results. Therefore, another test method with sample rotation was developed. By rotating the samples evenly through all sample levels, the overall deviations between samples could be minimized. With the sample rotation method, up to eight materials can be tested simultaneously. ...

Other papers by Paivi Kivikytoreponen

Research paper thumbnail of Digitalisation and natural resources

GTK Open File Research Report 50/2021, 2021

The report focuses on the mineral natural resources needed for digitalization. The use of digital... more The report focuses on the mineral natural resources needed for digitalization. The use of digital applications and digital devices continues to grow and increasing amounts of information are being converted into a digital format. Prior research on digitalization in the context of sustainability has focused mainly on energy consumption and emissions. However, with the increasing demand for ICT hardware in numerous applications in modern society, the raw materials requirement of digital devices has become a crucial sustainability issue. Therefore,
this report delves deeper into the topic of the raw materials consumption of digitalization.

We focus on the following challenges and topics:
• Sources, production, availability and sustainability of digitalization raw materials
• ICT sector’s raw materials consumption, with a specific focus on selected key
end-user devices: smartphones and smart TVs
• Key aspects of the ICT value chain
• Key ICT consumer and end-user aspects
• Possible solutions to support the sustainability of digital devices throughout their life cycle
• Key policy aspects and recommendations

Research paper thumbnail of Digitalisaatio ja luonnonvarat

GTK:n tutkimustyöraportti 53/2021, 2021

Raportti käsittelee digitalisaatiossa tarvittavia mineraaliluonnonvaroja. Digitaalisten sovellust... more Raportti käsittelee digitalisaatiossa tarvittavia mineraaliluonnonvaroja. Digitaalisten sovellusten ja digitaalisten laitteiden käyttö lisääntyy jatkuvasti, ja yhä uutta tietoa muunnetaan digitaaliseen muotoon. Aiempi tutkimus digitalisaatiosta vastuullisuuden näkökulmasta on painottunut energiankulutukseen ja päästöihin. Koska ICT-laitteiden kysyntä useissa
nyky-yhteiskunnan käyttökohteissa kuitenkin kasvaa jatkuvasti, digitaalisten laitteiden raaka-ainevaatimuksista on tullut vastuullisuuden kannalta ratkaiseva kysymys. Siksi tässä raportissa syvennytäänkin digitalisaation raaka-ainekulutukseen. Keskitymme seuraaviin
haasteisiin ja aiheisiin:
• Digitalisaation raaka-aineiden lähteet, tuotanto, saatavuus ja vastuullisuus
• ICT-sektorin raaka-aineiden kulutus, painopisteenä valikoidut keskeiset loppukäyttäjä-
laitteet: älypuhelin ja älytelevisio
• Keskeiset näkökulmat ICT-alan arvoketjuun
• Keskeiset näkökulmat ICT-alan kuluttajiin ja loppukäyttäjiin
• Mahdolliset ratkaisut, joilla digitaalisten laitteiden vastuullisuutta voidaan tukea niiden
elinkaaren aikana
• Keskeiset poliittiset näkökulmat sekä suositukset

Research paper thumbnail of Sustainable material design aspects through WC/Co substitution case study

Sustainable design aspects are discussed through hard metal case study. Raw material scarcity, de... more Sustainable design aspects are discussed through hard metal case study. Raw material scarcity, demand for substitution for critical raw materials, need to substitute toxic materials and need for sustainability are driving to material life cycle design and control evidently. Currently, hard metals (also cemented carbides) are the most important powder metallurgical route manufactured materials widely applied both as bulk materials and as coatings. One of the most common hard metals is tungsten carbide (WC) with cobalt (Co) binder metal, WC/Co. Cemented carbides are preferred materials in applications that must withstand all forms of wear and exhibiting a high degree of toughness. Cemented carbides are primarily used in metal cutting tools, metal forming tools (e.g. dies), construction and mining equipment. In the present list of critical raw materials (7.5.2014) of European Union both tungsten (W) and cobalt (Co) are included containing relative high economic and supply risk. Another...

Research paper thumbnail of Multimaterial Wear Part of a Vertical Shaft Impactor

Research paper thumbnail of Ecodesign concept case studies: Cu in electric motor and Ni in waste incinerator

MRS Proceedings, 2013

ABSTRACT VTT has implemented the demand of energy and resource efficiency in the framework of Eco... more ABSTRACT VTT has implemented the demand of energy and resource efficiency in the framework of Ecodesign concept covering the whole material life cycle from material sources to material design and manufacturing, component life time optimisation and finally recycling concepts. The vision of the virtually supported Ecodesign concept is to create optimized and efficient machine and device components regarding their whole lifecycle by evolving multiscale modelling.In this presentation we will introduce our development work within our Ecodesign concept by giving two case examples including Cu flow in electrical motor and Ni flow in waste incinerator. In the first case we will discuss raw material scarcity based design criteria, technological challenges and possibilities of Cu substitution and finally energy efficiency in system level. In the latter we will discuss multiscale modelling approach starting from raw materials and new design criteria regarding performance, life time, maintenance strategies and energy efficiency in system level operation.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of test parameters on large particle high speed slurry erosion testing

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling and testing of elastomer impact deformation under high strain rates

Research paper thumbnail of High speed slurry-pot type erosion wear tester

A high speed slurry-pot type erosion wear tester was developed for testing of wear resistant mate... more A high speed slurry-pot type erosion wear tester was developed for testing of wear resistant materials for industrial applications. In the tester, the samples are attached to a vertical rotating shaft on four levels in a pin mill configuration. High speeds at the sample tip, up to 20 m/s, can be achieved also with large abrasive size up to 10 mm. In the tests, the equipment proved to be functional and durable even with the high loads created by the high speeds and large abrasive sizes. There are, however, large variations in the slurry concentrations and thereby wear rates at the different sample levels. In the tests with fixed sample levels, this leads to considerable uncertainties and variations in the test results. Therefore, another test method with sample rotation was developed. By rotating the samples evenly through all sample levels, the overall deviations between samples could be minimized. With the sample rotation method, up to eight materials can be tested simultaneously. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Digitalisation and natural resources

GTK Open File Research Report 50/2021, 2021

The report focuses on the mineral natural resources needed for digitalization. The use of digital... more The report focuses on the mineral natural resources needed for digitalization. The use of digital applications and digital devices continues to grow and increasing amounts of information are being converted into a digital format. Prior research on digitalization in the context of sustainability has focused mainly on energy consumption and emissions. However, with the increasing demand for ICT hardware in numerous applications in modern society, the raw materials requirement of digital devices has become a crucial sustainability issue. Therefore,
this report delves deeper into the topic of the raw materials consumption of digitalization.

We focus on the following challenges and topics:
• Sources, production, availability and sustainability of digitalization raw materials
• ICT sector’s raw materials consumption, with a specific focus on selected key
end-user devices: smartphones and smart TVs
• Key aspects of the ICT value chain
• Key ICT consumer and end-user aspects
• Possible solutions to support the sustainability of digital devices throughout their life cycle
• Key policy aspects and recommendations

Research paper thumbnail of Digitalisaatio ja luonnonvarat

GTK:n tutkimustyöraportti 53/2021, 2021

Raportti käsittelee digitalisaatiossa tarvittavia mineraaliluonnonvaroja. Digitaalisten sovellust... more Raportti käsittelee digitalisaatiossa tarvittavia mineraaliluonnonvaroja. Digitaalisten sovellusten ja digitaalisten laitteiden käyttö lisääntyy jatkuvasti, ja yhä uutta tietoa muunnetaan digitaaliseen muotoon. Aiempi tutkimus digitalisaatiosta vastuullisuuden näkökulmasta on painottunut energiankulutukseen ja päästöihin. Koska ICT-laitteiden kysyntä useissa
nyky-yhteiskunnan käyttökohteissa kuitenkin kasvaa jatkuvasti, digitaalisten laitteiden raaka-ainevaatimuksista on tullut vastuullisuuden kannalta ratkaiseva kysymys. Siksi tässä raportissa syvennytäänkin digitalisaation raaka-ainekulutukseen. Keskitymme seuraaviin
haasteisiin ja aiheisiin:
• Digitalisaation raaka-aineiden lähteet, tuotanto, saatavuus ja vastuullisuus
• ICT-sektorin raaka-aineiden kulutus, painopisteenä valikoidut keskeiset loppukäyttäjä-
laitteet: älypuhelin ja älytelevisio
• Keskeiset näkökulmat ICT-alan arvoketjuun
• Keskeiset näkökulmat ICT-alan kuluttajiin ja loppukäyttäjiin
• Mahdolliset ratkaisut, joilla digitaalisten laitteiden vastuullisuutta voidaan tukea niiden
elinkaaren aikana
• Keskeiset poliittiset näkökulmat sekä suositukset