Sanket Pandey - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Sanket Pandey

Research paper thumbnail of Fracture resistance of post and core in immediate and delayed post space in trauma simulated teeth

PubMed, 2023

Introduction: This research aims to assess and analyze the fracture resistance of GC Everstick po... more Introduction: This research aims to assess and analyze the fracture resistance of GC Everstick post with separate composite core buildup and Edelweiss prefabricated resin composite post and core single unit into immediate and delayed post space prepared teeth. Methods: A total of 120 extracted human mandibular premolars have been subjected to a standardized protocol of mechanical trauma to simulate tooth fracture. Teeth samples were randomly divided into four groups (n = 30) on the basis of time taken for the preparation of post space (approximately following root canal obturation and 24 h after root canal obturation) for the single unit Edelweiss post and core system and GC post with separate core buildup. Compressive load has been utilized to do the analysis necessary to establish the fracture resistance using a universal testing machine. The fracture force calculated was in Newtons (N), and a stereomicroscope was utilized for investigating the common causes of failure. Results: In an immediate post space prepared tooth, the GC post exhibited a mean failure load of 970.584 N. In contrast, the Edelweiss post, and core system showed a significantly higher mean failure load of 1250.349 N. In delayed post space prepared tooth, the GC Everstick post exhibited a mean failure load of 950.287 N. In contrast, the Edelweiss post, and core system showed a significantly higher mean failure load of 1229.348 N. Conclusion: This study aims to assess and analyze the fracture resistance of the GC Everstick post with separate composite core buildup and the Edelweiss prefabricated resin composite post and core single unit in immediate and delayed post space prepared teeth. The study results showed that the failure modes in both groups were non-catastrophic in nature. These findings suggest that the Edelweiss post and core system may be a more suitable option for restoring teeth that have been subjected to traumatic conditions. The study provides valuable information for dental professionals in their decision-making process for post and core restoration techniques in teeth that have been subjected to trauma.

Research paper thumbnail of Light emitting diode assessment of dentinal microcracks after root canal preparation with 4 different heat-treated file systems

Minerva dental and oral science, 2022

AIM The purpose of this research was to evaluate the dentinal microcracks formation after root ca... more AIM The purpose of this research was to evaluate the dentinal microcracks formation after root canal preparation with Hyflex EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining), Neolix Neoniti A1 EDM, Wave One Gold and Edge File X1 under illumination and magnification. MATERIALS AND METHODS 150 mandibular molars with 2 different mesial canals extracted for periodontal reasons were included in the study. The samples were decoronated at 15mm from the apex using a carborundum disc under copious water cooling. Access opening was done using a round bur. Sectioning of the distal root was done. Patency of mesial canals were checked using a 10K file. The samples were randomly divided into 5 groups using simple randomization technique. Group 1: Uninstrumented group. Group 2: Hyflex EDM(HEDM). Group 3: Neolix Neoniti A1(NA1). Group 4: Wave One Gold (WOG). Group 5: Edge File X1(EFX). Biomechanical preparation in all groups was done following the manufacturer's instructions. Sectioning was done at 3mm, 6mm, and 9mm from the apex using a 0.13mm circular saw under copious water cooling. Sections were observed at 16x magnification under the dental operating microscope and illumination using a Light Emitting Diode (LED) curing light. The chi-square test was used to determine the statistically significant differences at P < .05. Intergroup comparison was done by the Post hoc Tukey test. RESULTS Total of 1800 images were analyzed. The highest number of cracks was seen in Neoniti A1 group (43.33%) while the least number of cracks were seen with Wave One Gold group (13.33%). There was statistically difference between reciprocating groups and the rotary group. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that all the heat-treated file systems produced dentinal microcracks. Rotary group(NA1 and HEDM) produced significantly more cracks than Reciprocation group (WOG and EFX).

Research paper thumbnail of Radix entomolaris and radix paramolaris in mandibular molars: a case series and literature review

General dentistry, May 1, 2021

The success of root canal treatment depends on complete debridement of pulp tissue from the root ... more The success of root canal treatment depends on complete debridement of pulp tissue from the root canals. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of unusual anatomical findings is of utmost importance. Although the majority of mandibular molars present with 2 roots (mesial and distal) and 3 or 4 root canals, the number of roots and root canals in individual molars may vary. An extra root is called a radix entomolaris if it is located distolingually and a radix paramolaris if located mesiobuccally. This article presents a series of 5 cases of radix entomolaris and radix paramolaris in mandibular first, second, and third molars and reviews the literature on these morphologic variations.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of the sealing ability amongst orthograde apical plugs of mineral trioxide aggregate plus, mineral trioxide aggregate repair HP, and Biodentine after root resection: a bacterial leakage study

Research paper thumbnail of Radicular dentinal microcracks during biomechanical root canal preparation using four minimally invasive endodontic files

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

Aim. The aim of the study was to compare the dentinal microcrack formation on human mandibular mo... more Aim. The aim of the study was to compare the dentinal microcrack formation on human mandibular molars using 4 different minimally invasive file systems at 3, 6 and 9 mm from apex using a stereomicroscope. Method. 125 mesial roots of mandibular molars were randomly divided into 5 groups and instrumented (n=25). Group 1: Control Group (CG), Group 2: Self Adjusting File (SAF), Group 3: XP-Endoshaper (XP), Group 4: TRUShape (TS), Group 5: V Taper 2H (VT). After instrumentation was completed, the roots were sectioned at 3 mm, 6 mm, and 9 mm from apex using a slow-speed circular saw. Digital images were captured using a 24x stereomicroscope by using a digital camera. Two operators independently checked each specimen for the presence of dentinal defects. Statistical comparison between the file systems was done using Chi-square (p<0.05). Result. There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of microcracks between the groups of file systems (X2=4.509, p>0.05). VT f...

Research paper thumbnail of Radix entomolaris and radix paramolaris in mandibular molars: a case series and literature review

General dentistry, 2021

The success of root canal treatment depends on complete debridement of pulp tissue from the root ... more The success of root canal treatment depends on complete debridement of pulp tissue from the root canals. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of unusual anatomical findings is of utmost importance. Although the majority of mandibular molars present with 2 roots (mesial and distal) and 3 or 4 root canals, the number of roots and root canals in individual molars may vary. An extra root is called a radix entomolaris if it is located distolingually and a radix paramolaris if located mesiobuccally. This article presents a series of 5 cases of radix entomolaris and radix paramolaris in mandibular first, second, and third molars and reviews the literature on these morphologic variations.

Research paper thumbnail of Light emitting diode assessment of dentinal microcracks after root canal preparation with 4 different heat-treated file systems

Minerva dental and oral science, 2021

AIM The purpose of this research was to evaluate the dentinal microcracks formation after root ca... more AIM The purpose of this research was to evaluate the dentinal microcracks formation after root canal preparation with Hyflex EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining), Neolix Neoniti A1 EDM, Wave One Gold and Edge File X1 under illumination and magnification. MATERIALS AND METHODS 150 mandibular molars with 2 different mesial canals extracted for periodontal reasons were included in the study. The samples were decoronated at 15mm from the apex using a carborundum disc under copious water cooling. Access opening was done using a round bur. Sectioning of the distal root was done. Patency of mesial canals were checked using a 10K file. The samples were randomly divided into 5 groups using simple randomization technique. Group 1: Uninstrumented group. Group 2: Hyflex EDM(HEDM). Group 3: Neolix Neoniti A1(NA1). Group 4: Wave One Gold (WOG). Group 5: Edge File X1(EFX). Biomechanical preparation in all groups was done following the manufacturer's instructions. Sectioning was done at 3mm, 6m...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative evaluation of accuracy of ipex, root zx mini, and epex pro apex locators in teeth with artificially created root perforations in presence of various intracanal irrigants

European Endodontic Journal, 2020

Objective: The study aimed to compare and evaluate the accuracy of iPex, Root ZX mini, and Epex P... more Objective: The study aimed to compare and evaluate the accuracy of iPex, Root ZX mini, and Epex Pro Electronic apex locators (EALs) in diagnosing root perforations in both dry and in different wet conditions: 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and 17% Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Methods: Thirty extracted, human single rooted mandibular premolars were artificially perforated with a diameter of 1.5 mm in middle third of root. Actual canal lengths (ALs) in millimetre (mm) were evaluated for all teeth up to perforation location, and alginate mould were used to embed the teeth. After this, the electronic measurements were calculated by all EALs up to perforation site using a 20 K-file in both dry and wet canal conditions. Up to the perforation sites, the ALs were subtracted from the electronic length. Statistical analyses were done using One-way ANOVA with post hoc tukey’s test for pairwise comparison and the level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: All three EAL’s detected canal perforations which were clinically acceptable. There was significant difference for dry and wet conditions. Most accurate measurement were seen in dry canals for all three EALs. Root ZX mini in dry condition showed most accurate reading and there was a significant difference when compared with other groups. No significance difference was observed in iPex and Epex Pro Apex locator, and between NaOCl and CHX, CHX and EDTA. Conclusion: Perforations were determined within a clinical acceptable range of 0.03–0.05 mm by all three EALs. Root ZX mini in dry canals gave most accurate measurement. The presence of irrigating solution influenced the accuracy of all the apex locators.

Research paper thumbnail of Dentinal adaptation of warm thermoplastic obturating material and cold thermoplastic obturating material: An In vitro study

Contemporary Clinical Dentistry

Introduction: The objective of endodontic obturation is to provide a complete seal along the leng... more Introduction: The objective of endodontic obturation is to provide a complete seal along the length of the root canal system, thereby ensuring the healing and sustained health of the periradicular tissue. Root canal obturation involves the three-dimensional filling of the entire root canal system and is a critical step in endodontic therapy. Gutta-percha has universally been accepted as the gold standard for root canal filling materials. However, it lacks bonding to the internal tooth structure resulting in the absence of complete seal. Aim: The aim of the present study is to compare the dentinal adaptation of warm thermoplastic obturating material and cold thermoplastic obturating materials. Materials and Methods: Thirty single-rooted, anterior noncarious human teeth extracted for periodontal or orthodontic reasons were used for the study. The samples were stored in distilled water until obturation. The specimens were then randomly divided into three groups of ten specimens each: Control group – Cold lateral condensation with AH Plus, Group I – Endosure with AH Plus®, and Group II – GuttaFlow® 2 with master cone. The obturation for each group was done following manufacturer's instructions. Under On-demand software, the area of voids at the level of 3 mm, 5 mm, and 8 mm from the apex was observed for all the samples. The obtained results were submitted for statistical analysis. Results: The result in the present study showed that Endosure provides a better consistent seal as compared to cold lateral condensation, or GuttaFlow 2 techniques. Conclusion: Mean void value was maximum for GuttaFlow 2 group, followed by cold lateral condensation, Endosure. Though there was a difference in the mean void values, it was not statistically significant except between Endosure and GuttaFlow 2. The result in the present study showed that Endosure provides a better seal as compared to cold lateral compaction, GuttaFlow 2 or Endosure technique.

Research paper thumbnail of Management of intrinsic discoloration using walking bleach technique in maxillary central incisors

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

Introduction. Non-vital bleaching is a non-invasive technique to treat the intrinsic discoloratio... more Introduction. Non-vital bleaching is a non-invasive technique to treat the intrinsic discoloration of teeth of several etiologies. Hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate are commonly used bleaching agents.Aim. The aim of this case report is to demonstrate the non-vital bleaching technique in maxillary anterior teeth.Method. Maxillary central incisors were isolated with rubber dam and root canal treatment was performed. Barrier space preparation was done using a heated instrument. Glass ionomer cement was used a barrier material. Mixture of hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate was placed in the canal and sealed with intermediate restorative material. After 1 week, the procedure was repeated to achieve the desired results.Conclusion. Non-vital bleaching is a minimally invasive procedure to restore the esthetics of a discolored non-vital tooth. However, care should be taken to prevent any post-operative complications.

Research paper thumbnail of Cysteamine Improves the Bactericidal Efficacy of Intra-Canal Medicaments Against Enterococcus Faecalis

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

Aim. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of cysteamine, calcium hydro... more Aim. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of cysteamine, calcium hydroxide[Ca(OH)2], triple antibiotic paste (TAP), chlorhexidine (CHX) and their combinations against Enterococcus faecalis (E. Faecalis).Methods. The E. Faecalis eradication capacity of cysteamine, Calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH]2), TAP, CHX, and their combinations was tested on E. Faecalis by Kirby Brauer disc diffusion method.Results. Cysteamine in combination with TAP was able to completely eradicate E. Faecalis within 24 hours. Ca(OH)2 was unable to show its effect on E. Faecalis in the given time.Conclusion. Cysteamine increased the E. Faecalis eradicating capacity of TAP and also showed positive results when used in combination with Ca(OH)2, which if used alone was unable to show any action in 24 hours.

Research paper thumbnail of Fracture resistance of post and core in immediate and delayed post space in trauma simulated teeth

PubMed, 2023

Introduction: This research aims to assess and analyze the fracture resistance of GC Everstick po... more Introduction: This research aims to assess and analyze the fracture resistance of GC Everstick post with separate composite core buildup and Edelweiss prefabricated resin composite post and core single unit into immediate and delayed post space prepared teeth. Methods: A total of 120 extracted human mandibular premolars have been subjected to a standardized protocol of mechanical trauma to simulate tooth fracture. Teeth samples were randomly divided into four groups (n = 30) on the basis of time taken for the preparation of post space (approximately following root canal obturation and 24 h after root canal obturation) for the single unit Edelweiss post and core system and GC post with separate core buildup. Compressive load has been utilized to do the analysis necessary to establish the fracture resistance using a universal testing machine. The fracture force calculated was in Newtons (N), and a stereomicroscope was utilized for investigating the common causes of failure. Results: In an immediate post space prepared tooth, the GC post exhibited a mean failure load of 970.584 N. In contrast, the Edelweiss post, and core system showed a significantly higher mean failure load of 1250.349 N. In delayed post space prepared tooth, the GC Everstick post exhibited a mean failure load of 950.287 N. In contrast, the Edelweiss post, and core system showed a significantly higher mean failure load of 1229.348 N. Conclusion: This study aims to assess and analyze the fracture resistance of the GC Everstick post with separate composite core buildup and the Edelweiss prefabricated resin composite post and core single unit in immediate and delayed post space prepared teeth. The study results showed that the failure modes in both groups were non-catastrophic in nature. These findings suggest that the Edelweiss post and core system may be a more suitable option for restoring teeth that have been subjected to traumatic conditions. The study provides valuable information for dental professionals in their decision-making process for post and core restoration techniques in teeth that have been subjected to trauma.

Research paper thumbnail of Light emitting diode assessment of dentinal microcracks after root canal preparation with 4 different heat-treated file systems

Minerva dental and oral science, 2022

AIM The purpose of this research was to evaluate the dentinal microcracks formation after root ca... more AIM The purpose of this research was to evaluate the dentinal microcracks formation after root canal preparation with Hyflex EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining), Neolix Neoniti A1 EDM, Wave One Gold and Edge File X1 under illumination and magnification. MATERIALS AND METHODS 150 mandibular molars with 2 different mesial canals extracted for periodontal reasons were included in the study. The samples were decoronated at 15mm from the apex using a carborundum disc under copious water cooling. Access opening was done using a round bur. Sectioning of the distal root was done. Patency of mesial canals were checked using a 10K file. The samples were randomly divided into 5 groups using simple randomization technique. Group 1: Uninstrumented group. Group 2: Hyflex EDM(HEDM). Group 3: Neolix Neoniti A1(NA1). Group 4: Wave One Gold (WOG). Group 5: Edge File X1(EFX). Biomechanical preparation in all groups was done following the manufacturer's instructions. Sectioning was done at 3mm, 6mm, and 9mm from the apex using a 0.13mm circular saw under copious water cooling. Sections were observed at 16x magnification under the dental operating microscope and illumination using a Light Emitting Diode (LED) curing light. The chi-square test was used to determine the statistically significant differences at P < .05. Intergroup comparison was done by the Post hoc Tukey test. RESULTS Total of 1800 images were analyzed. The highest number of cracks was seen in Neoniti A1 group (43.33%) while the least number of cracks were seen with Wave One Gold group (13.33%). There was statistically difference between reciprocating groups and the rotary group. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that all the heat-treated file systems produced dentinal microcracks. Rotary group(NA1 and HEDM) produced significantly more cracks than Reciprocation group (WOG and EFX).

Research paper thumbnail of Radix entomolaris and radix paramolaris in mandibular molars: a case series and literature review

General dentistry, May 1, 2021

The success of root canal treatment depends on complete debridement of pulp tissue from the root ... more The success of root canal treatment depends on complete debridement of pulp tissue from the root canals. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of unusual anatomical findings is of utmost importance. Although the majority of mandibular molars present with 2 roots (mesial and distal) and 3 or 4 root canals, the number of roots and root canals in individual molars may vary. An extra root is called a radix entomolaris if it is located distolingually and a radix paramolaris if located mesiobuccally. This article presents a series of 5 cases of radix entomolaris and radix paramolaris in mandibular first, second, and third molars and reviews the literature on these morphologic variations.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of the sealing ability amongst orthograde apical plugs of mineral trioxide aggregate plus, mineral trioxide aggregate repair HP, and Biodentine after root resection: a bacterial leakage study

Research paper thumbnail of Radicular dentinal microcracks during biomechanical root canal preparation using four minimally invasive endodontic files

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

Aim. The aim of the study was to compare the dentinal microcrack formation on human mandibular mo... more Aim. The aim of the study was to compare the dentinal microcrack formation on human mandibular molars using 4 different minimally invasive file systems at 3, 6 and 9 mm from apex using a stereomicroscope. Method. 125 mesial roots of mandibular molars were randomly divided into 5 groups and instrumented (n=25). Group 1: Control Group (CG), Group 2: Self Adjusting File (SAF), Group 3: XP-Endoshaper (XP), Group 4: TRUShape (TS), Group 5: V Taper 2H (VT). After instrumentation was completed, the roots were sectioned at 3 mm, 6 mm, and 9 mm from apex using a slow-speed circular saw. Digital images were captured using a 24x stereomicroscope by using a digital camera. Two operators independently checked each specimen for the presence of dentinal defects. Statistical comparison between the file systems was done using Chi-square (p<0.05). Result. There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of microcracks between the groups of file systems (X2=4.509, p>0.05). VT f...

Research paper thumbnail of Radix entomolaris and radix paramolaris in mandibular molars: a case series and literature review

General dentistry, 2021

The success of root canal treatment depends on complete debridement of pulp tissue from the root ... more The success of root canal treatment depends on complete debridement of pulp tissue from the root canals. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of unusual anatomical findings is of utmost importance. Although the majority of mandibular molars present with 2 roots (mesial and distal) and 3 or 4 root canals, the number of roots and root canals in individual molars may vary. An extra root is called a radix entomolaris if it is located distolingually and a radix paramolaris if located mesiobuccally. This article presents a series of 5 cases of radix entomolaris and radix paramolaris in mandibular first, second, and third molars and reviews the literature on these morphologic variations.

Research paper thumbnail of Light emitting diode assessment of dentinal microcracks after root canal preparation with 4 different heat-treated file systems

Minerva dental and oral science, 2021

AIM The purpose of this research was to evaluate the dentinal microcracks formation after root ca... more AIM The purpose of this research was to evaluate the dentinal microcracks formation after root canal preparation with Hyflex EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining), Neolix Neoniti A1 EDM, Wave One Gold and Edge File X1 under illumination and magnification. MATERIALS AND METHODS 150 mandibular molars with 2 different mesial canals extracted for periodontal reasons were included in the study. The samples were decoronated at 15mm from the apex using a carborundum disc under copious water cooling. Access opening was done using a round bur. Sectioning of the distal root was done. Patency of mesial canals were checked using a 10K file. The samples were randomly divided into 5 groups using simple randomization technique. Group 1: Uninstrumented group. Group 2: Hyflex EDM(HEDM). Group 3: Neolix Neoniti A1(NA1). Group 4: Wave One Gold (WOG). Group 5: Edge File X1(EFX). Biomechanical preparation in all groups was done following the manufacturer's instructions. Sectioning was done at 3mm, 6m...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative evaluation of accuracy of ipex, root zx mini, and epex pro apex locators in teeth with artificially created root perforations in presence of various intracanal irrigants

European Endodontic Journal, 2020

Objective: The study aimed to compare and evaluate the accuracy of iPex, Root ZX mini, and Epex P... more Objective: The study aimed to compare and evaluate the accuracy of iPex, Root ZX mini, and Epex Pro Electronic apex locators (EALs) in diagnosing root perforations in both dry and in different wet conditions: 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and 17% Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Methods: Thirty extracted, human single rooted mandibular premolars were artificially perforated with a diameter of 1.5 mm in middle third of root. Actual canal lengths (ALs) in millimetre (mm) were evaluated for all teeth up to perforation location, and alginate mould were used to embed the teeth. After this, the electronic measurements were calculated by all EALs up to perforation site using a 20 K-file in both dry and wet canal conditions. Up to the perforation sites, the ALs were subtracted from the electronic length. Statistical analyses were done using One-way ANOVA with post hoc tukey’s test for pairwise comparison and the level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: All three EAL’s detected canal perforations which were clinically acceptable. There was significant difference for dry and wet conditions. Most accurate measurement were seen in dry canals for all three EALs. Root ZX mini in dry condition showed most accurate reading and there was a significant difference when compared with other groups. No significance difference was observed in iPex and Epex Pro Apex locator, and between NaOCl and CHX, CHX and EDTA. Conclusion: Perforations were determined within a clinical acceptable range of 0.03–0.05 mm by all three EALs. Root ZX mini in dry canals gave most accurate measurement. The presence of irrigating solution influenced the accuracy of all the apex locators.

Research paper thumbnail of Dentinal adaptation of warm thermoplastic obturating material and cold thermoplastic obturating material: An In vitro study

Contemporary Clinical Dentistry

Introduction: The objective of endodontic obturation is to provide a complete seal along the leng... more Introduction: The objective of endodontic obturation is to provide a complete seal along the length of the root canal system, thereby ensuring the healing and sustained health of the periradicular tissue. Root canal obturation involves the three-dimensional filling of the entire root canal system and is a critical step in endodontic therapy. Gutta-percha has universally been accepted as the gold standard for root canal filling materials. However, it lacks bonding to the internal tooth structure resulting in the absence of complete seal. Aim: The aim of the present study is to compare the dentinal adaptation of warm thermoplastic obturating material and cold thermoplastic obturating materials. Materials and Methods: Thirty single-rooted, anterior noncarious human teeth extracted for periodontal or orthodontic reasons were used for the study. The samples were stored in distilled water until obturation. The specimens were then randomly divided into three groups of ten specimens each: Control group – Cold lateral condensation with AH Plus, Group I – Endosure with AH Plus®, and Group II – GuttaFlow® 2 with master cone. The obturation for each group was done following manufacturer's instructions. Under On-demand software, the area of voids at the level of 3 mm, 5 mm, and 8 mm from the apex was observed for all the samples. The obtained results were submitted for statistical analysis. Results: The result in the present study showed that Endosure provides a better consistent seal as compared to cold lateral condensation, or GuttaFlow 2 techniques. Conclusion: Mean void value was maximum for GuttaFlow 2 group, followed by cold lateral condensation, Endosure. Though there was a difference in the mean void values, it was not statistically significant except between Endosure and GuttaFlow 2. The result in the present study showed that Endosure provides a better seal as compared to cold lateral compaction, GuttaFlow 2 or Endosure technique.

Research paper thumbnail of Management of intrinsic discoloration using walking bleach technique in maxillary central incisors

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

Introduction. Non-vital bleaching is a non-invasive technique to treat the intrinsic discoloratio... more Introduction. Non-vital bleaching is a non-invasive technique to treat the intrinsic discoloration of teeth of several etiologies. Hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate are commonly used bleaching agents.Aim. The aim of this case report is to demonstrate the non-vital bleaching technique in maxillary anterior teeth.Method. Maxillary central incisors were isolated with rubber dam and root canal treatment was performed. Barrier space preparation was done using a heated instrument. Glass ionomer cement was used a barrier material. Mixture of hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate was placed in the canal and sealed with intermediate restorative material. After 1 week, the procedure was repeated to achieve the desired results.Conclusion. Non-vital bleaching is a minimally invasive procedure to restore the esthetics of a discolored non-vital tooth. However, care should be taken to prevent any post-operative complications.

Research paper thumbnail of Cysteamine Improves the Bactericidal Efficacy of Intra-Canal Medicaments Against Enterococcus Faecalis

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

Aim. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of cysteamine, calcium hydro... more Aim. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of cysteamine, calcium hydroxide[Ca(OH)2], triple antibiotic paste (TAP), chlorhexidine (CHX) and their combinations against Enterococcus faecalis (E. Faecalis).Methods. The E. Faecalis eradication capacity of cysteamine, Calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH]2), TAP, CHX, and their combinations was tested on E. Faecalis by Kirby Brauer disc diffusion method.Results. Cysteamine in combination with TAP was able to completely eradicate E. Faecalis within 24 hours. Ca(OH)2 was unable to show its effect on E. Faecalis in the given time.Conclusion. Cysteamine increased the E. Faecalis eradicating capacity of TAP and also showed positive results when used in combination with Ca(OH)2, which if used alone was unable to show any action in 24 hours.