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Papers by Patrick Le Galès

Les années de gouvernement Blair-Brown ont conduit l'électorat britannique à de profondes décepti... more Les années de gouvernement Blair-Brown ont conduit l'électorat britannique à de profondes déceptions. Le bilan de la politique travailliste mené par Florence Faucher-King et Patrick Le Galès dans leur livre, résumé ici pour La Vie des Idées, contraste fortement avec celui du conseiller travailliste Julian Le Grand.

Cosa succede oggi a Milano? In che misura le forme della governance urbana incidono sulle trasfor... more Cosa succede oggi a Milano? In che misura le forme della governance urbana incidono sulle trasformazioni della citta e dei servizi per la popolazione? Milano puo essere analizzata su scala cittadina, metropo-litana, regionale e macro-regionale; comunque la si guardi e al centro di un'importante area economica e sembra vivere un nuovo «rinascimento». Sempre piu spesso si sente parlare di un «modello Milano» per indicare un cambiamento ben governato, altrettanto frequentemente si sente dire che la citta, in fondo, ha solo riscoperto le sue radici, fondando il cambiamento nella tradizione ambrosiana di pragmatico riformismo illuminato. Il presente volume vuole essere un contributo, empiri-camente fondato, per comprendere chi ha governato alcuni dei cambiamenti che Milano ha vissuto nella transizione al nuovo millennio, ponendosi delle domande piuttosto clas-siche: quali sono gli attori che hanno governato e le loro relazioni, attraverso quali strumenti, con quali continuita e disco...

Abstract: Some authors suggest that "mobilities" are the distinctive feature of late mo... more Abstract: Some authors suggest that "mobilities" are the distinctive feature of late modern societies and represent a

Sociology of the European Union, 2011

John Wiley & Sons, Ltd eBooks, Nov 11, 2014

Globalised Minds, Roots in the City, 2014

Mobilities and Neighbourhood Belonging in Cities and Suburbs

ABSTRACT Based upon a comparative empirical research, this chapter deals with the dynamics of mob... more ABSTRACT Based upon a comparative empirical research, this chapter deals with the dynamics of mobility and rootedness of graduate managers living in neighborhoods with different social composition (mixed and homogeneous) of four European cities: Paris, Madrid, Milan and Lyon. We explore how these people combine transnational mobility, together with their embeddedness in the urban context. Our main hypothesis is that these managers are developing ‘partial exit’ strategies, investing resources outside the city, and developing transnational networks also to defend their interests at the local level. In socially mixed neighbourhoods, where managers live with less privileged social groups, we expect these managers to put into practice ‘partial exit’ strategies to a larger extent than their colleagues in homogeneous neighbourhoods. Results show that managers, although playing at the transnational level, keep a strong attachment to their area of residence, and no great differences emerge between managers living in homogeneous and mixed neighborhoods. Results also suggest that managers living in mixed neighborhoods are putting into practice to a larger extent “partial exit strategies” at the urban level, through its selective use.

Networked Urbanism: Social Capital in the City, 2008

Global Networks, 2012

Some authors argue that 'mobilities' form the distinctive feature of late modern societies and re... more Some authors argue that 'mobilities' form the distinctive feature of late modern societies and represent a new social cleavage between cosmopolitan mobile élites and urban residents more rooted in their local neighbourhoods. One assumption in contemporary discourses of rootedness is that this new transnational or global society entails an ongoing process of uprooting individuals and a mainly mobile élite packing up and relocating. In this article, we draw on empirical comparative research to examine the patterns and dynamics of mobility and belonging across European borders among upper-middle-class managers in four cities-Paris, Madrid, Milan and Lyon. We suggest that these new urban upper-middle-class managers display flight responses, or 'partial exit' strategies, which operate at various levels to enable them to protect and control their interests while holding onto the reins of power in their local communities. Our study adopts a micro-level perspective to explore individual experiences, strategies, motivations and values based on interviews with 480 managers in these cities.

Rooted middle classes and partial exit in Paris, …, 2010

European societies were and have remained mainly national societies, characterised among other th... more European societies were and have remained mainly national societies, characterised among other things by strong territorialisation and the existence of networks of middle sized cities. How are European societies and cities evolving at a time of increasing globalisation? Urban bourgeoisies are a long standing feature of European cities and societies. Their behaviour has traditionally had a strong impact on the urban fabric (think for example on gentrification or secession processes). As opportunities for mobility have become more widely available, the potential distortion of national hierarchies and the emergence of new cleavages and social differentiation processes have growingly attracted the attention of social scientists. This book aims at empirically testing the role of urban upper middle classes in the transformations experienced by contemporary European societies, linking our analysis to the debate on the emergence of a transnational bourgeoisie. In this book we argue (and try to provide empirical evidence to prove) that these groups are becoming at the same time more cosmopolitan AND more locally rooted. European urban upper middle classes have to be analysed in relation to their strategies to gain resources from the international world, and to escape the constraints of national society, while remaining part of it (we call this "partial exit"). MEANWHILE, they are also part of urban societies, remain deeply rooted at the local level, and develop strategies to mix with other social and ethnic groups in some domains, while staying away and increasing distance in some others. Beyond simple analysis of secession or gentrification, this book makes sense of this "partial exit" logic both from the national and from the urban point of view.

Policy Studies, 2016

The rise of government by indicators, by figures may reveal a new wave of rationalization organiz... more The rise of government by indicators, by figures may reveal a new wave of rationalization organized by the state in the classic Weberian sense. Contemporary forms of government are marked by the rise of indicators, measures and new metrics to compare, certify, codify and evaluate. In many countries, performance measurement has become one of the symbols of the transformation of governance. The paper aims to show how performance indicators are a particular type of policy instrument that increases competitive pressure within societies even if that cannot be analysed only in terms of neoliberalism.

Socio-Economic Review, 2016

Planning Practice & Research, 1995

Comment s'organise l'action collective ? Comment les acteurs cooperent-ils ? Centre sur l... more Comment s'organise l'action collective ? Comment les acteurs cooperent-ils ? Centre sur les aspects concrets et les supports materiels de l'action collective, ce chapitre introductif dresse un bilan des debats et controverses sur l'instrumentation et la maniere dont cette notion est mobilisee par differentes disciplines (sciences de gestion, sociologie des sciences et des techniques, economie) et divers courants de la science politique pour analyser les formes d'action collective des marches, du capitalisme, des entreprises et de l'autorite publique.

Les années de gouvernement Blair-Brown ont conduit l'électorat britannique à de profondes décepti... more Les années de gouvernement Blair-Brown ont conduit l'électorat britannique à de profondes déceptions. Le bilan de la politique travailliste mené par Florence Faucher-King et Patrick Le Galès dans leur livre, résumé ici pour La Vie des Idées, contraste fortement avec celui du conseiller travailliste Julian Le Grand.

Cosa succede oggi a Milano? In che misura le forme della governance urbana incidono sulle trasfor... more Cosa succede oggi a Milano? In che misura le forme della governance urbana incidono sulle trasformazioni della citta e dei servizi per la popolazione? Milano puo essere analizzata su scala cittadina, metropo-litana, regionale e macro-regionale; comunque la si guardi e al centro di un'importante area economica e sembra vivere un nuovo «rinascimento». Sempre piu spesso si sente parlare di un «modello Milano» per indicare un cambiamento ben governato, altrettanto frequentemente si sente dire che la citta, in fondo, ha solo riscoperto le sue radici, fondando il cambiamento nella tradizione ambrosiana di pragmatico riformismo illuminato. Il presente volume vuole essere un contributo, empiri-camente fondato, per comprendere chi ha governato alcuni dei cambiamenti che Milano ha vissuto nella transizione al nuovo millennio, ponendosi delle domande piuttosto clas-siche: quali sono gli attori che hanno governato e le loro relazioni, attraverso quali strumenti, con quali continuita e disco...

Abstract: Some authors suggest that "mobilities" are the distinctive feature of late mo... more Abstract: Some authors suggest that "mobilities" are the distinctive feature of late modern societies and represent a

Sociology of the European Union, 2011

John Wiley & Sons, Ltd eBooks, Nov 11, 2014

Globalised Minds, Roots in the City, 2014

Mobilities and Neighbourhood Belonging in Cities and Suburbs

ABSTRACT Based upon a comparative empirical research, this chapter deals with the dynamics of mob... more ABSTRACT Based upon a comparative empirical research, this chapter deals with the dynamics of mobility and rootedness of graduate managers living in neighborhoods with different social composition (mixed and homogeneous) of four European cities: Paris, Madrid, Milan and Lyon. We explore how these people combine transnational mobility, together with their embeddedness in the urban context. Our main hypothesis is that these managers are developing ‘partial exit’ strategies, investing resources outside the city, and developing transnational networks also to defend their interests at the local level. In socially mixed neighbourhoods, where managers live with less privileged social groups, we expect these managers to put into practice ‘partial exit’ strategies to a larger extent than their colleagues in homogeneous neighbourhoods. Results show that managers, although playing at the transnational level, keep a strong attachment to their area of residence, and no great differences emerge between managers living in homogeneous and mixed neighborhoods. Results also suggest that managers living in mixed neighborhoods are putting into practice to a larger extent “partial exit strategies” at the urban level, through its selective use.

Networked Urbanism: Social Capital in the City, 2008

Global Networks, 2012

Some authors argue that 'mobilities' form the distinctive feature of late modern societies and re... more Some authors argue that 'mobilities' form the distinctive feature of late modern societies and represent a new social cleavage between cosmopolitan mobile élites and urban residents more rooted in their local neighbourhoods. One assumption in contemporary discourses of rootedness is that this new transnational or global society entails an ongoing process of uprooting individuals and a mainly mobile élite packing up and relocating. In this article, we draw on empirical comparative research to examine the patterns and dynamics of mobility and belonging across European borders among upper-middle-class managers in four cities-Paris, Madrid, Milan and Lyon. We suggest that these new urban upper-middle-class managers display flight responses, or 'partial exit' strategies, which operate at various levels to enable them to protect and control their interests while holding onto the reins of power in their local communities. Our study adopts a micro-level perspective to explore individual experiences, strategies, motivations and values based on interviews with 480 managers in these cities.

Rooted middle classes and partial exit in Paris, …, 2010

European societies were and have remained mainly national societies, characterised among other th... more European societies were and have remained mainly national societies, characterised among other things by strong territorialisation and the existence of networks of middle sized cities. How are European societies and cities evolving at a time of increasing globalisation? Urban bourgeoisies are a long standing feature of European cities and societies. Their behaviour has traditionally had a strong impact on the urban fabric (think for example on gentrification or secession processes). As opportunities for mobility have become more widely available, the potential distortion of national hierarchies and the emergence of new cleavages and social differentiation processes have growingly attracted the attention of social scientists. This book aims at empirically testing the role of urban upper middle classes in the transformations experienced by contemporary European societies, linking our analysis to the debate on the emergence of a transnational bourgeoisie. In this book we argue (and try to provide empirical evidence to prove) that these groups are becoming at the same time more cosmopolitan AND more locally rooted. European urban upper middle classes have to be analysed in relation to their strategies to gain resources from the international world, and to escape the constraints of national society, while remaining part of it (we call this "partial exit"). MEANWHILE, they are also part of urban societies, remain deeply rooted at the local level, and develop strategies to mix with other social and ethnic groups in some domains, while staying away and increasing distance in some others. Beyond simple analysis of secession or gentrification, this book makes sense of this "partial exit" logic both from the national and from the urban point of view.

Policy Studies, 2016

The rise of government by indicators, by figures may reveal a new wave of rationalization organiz... more The rise of government by indicators, by figures may reveal a new wave of rationalization organized by the state in the classic Weberian sense. Contemporary forms of government are marked by the rise of indicators, measures and new metrics to compare, certify, codify and evaluate. In many countries, performance measurement has become one of the symbols of the transformation of governance. The paper aims to show how performance indicators are a particular type of policy instrument that increases competitive pressure within societies even if that cannot be analysed only in terms of neoliberalism.

Socio-Economic Review, 2016

Planning Practice & Research, 1995

Comment s'organise l'action collective ? Comment les acteurs cooperent-ils ? Centre sur l... more Comment s'organise l'action collective ? Comment les acteurs cooperent-ils ? Centre sur les aspects concrets et les supports materiels de l'action collective, ce chapitre introductif dresse un bilan des debats et controverses sur l'instrumentation et la maniere dont cette notion est mobilisee par differentes disciplines (sciences de gestion, sociologie des sciences et des techniques, economie) et divers courants de la science politique pour analyser les formes d'action collective des marches, du capitalisme, des entreprises et de l'autorite publique.

Discover Society, Dec 2014

il Mulino , 2019

Cosa succede oggi a Milano? In che misura le forme della governance urbana incidono sulle trasfo... more Cosa succede oggi a Milano? In che misura le forme della governance urbana incidono sulle trasformazioni della città e dei servizi per la popolazione? Milano può essere analizzata su scala cittadina, metropo-litana, regionale e macro-regionale; comunque la si guardi è al centro di un'importante area economica e sembra vivere un nuovo «rinascimento». Sempre più spesso si sente parlare di un «modello Milano» per indicare un cambiamento ben governato, altrettanto frequentemente si sente dire che la città, in fondo, ha solo riscoperto le sue radici, fondando il cambiamento nella tradizione ambrosiana di pragmatico riformismo illuminato. Il presente volume vuole essere un contributo, empiri-camente fondato, per comprendere chi ha governato alcuni dei cambiamenti che Milano ha vissuto nella transizione al nuovo millennio, ponendosi delle domande piuttosto clas-siche: quali sono gli attori che hanno governato e le loro relazioni, attraverso quali strumenti, con quali continuità e discontinuità nel corso del tempo. Gli autori si interrogano sulla capacità di direzione e coordinamento della politica milanese, applicandola ad ambiti di politiche con un diverso grado di regolazione pubblica: sicurezza, assistenza sociale, pianificazione urbanistica, servizi di pubblica utilità fino ad alcuni settori economici particolarmente rappresentativi del contesto milanese quali la moda e l'economia della colla-borazione. Ciascun settore di policy, date le sue specificità, può essere governato in modo differente, seguendo i propri processi decisionali, perseguendo obiettivi e ottenendo esiti non per forza coerenti con altri ambiti. I diversi contributi consentono di ricostruire le dinamiche in atto nei settori indicati e comprendere il tipo di relazioni di cooperazione/ competizione, integrazione/frammentazione tra i diversi AlbertA Andreotti e PAtrick le GAlès INTRODUZIONE. GOVERNARE MILANO NEL NUOVO MILLENNIO