Patrick Okonta - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Patrick Okonta
Research Ethics Forum, 2019
Research in the social sciences provides insights into human behaviour and social interactions. E... more Research in the social sciences provides insights into human behaviour and social interactions. Evidence from such research may inform policies and decisions affecting the lives of many. It requires trust between the researcher, research participants, other stakeholders and the public. To earn trust, the quality and integrity of work done by researchers should be impeccable.
Journal of Surgery and Medicine
Background/Aim: Preeclampsia is a multisystemic disorder, which significantly contributes to mate... more Background/Aim: Preeclampsia is a multisystemic disorder, which significantly contributes to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries where it accounts for about one-third of maternal mortality cases. Predicting its occurrence will reveal a sizeable population of pregnant women who will undoubtedly benefit from prevention. The ideal screening marker for the disease is still being investigated. The urine calcium-creatinine ratio (CCR) is an inexpensive, simple, and easily assayed biomarker. This study determined the accuracy of the spot urinary calcium-creatinine ratio in predicting the occurrence of preeclampsia. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study conducted in Delta State, which involved four healthcare facilities in Nigeria. A total of 138 pregnant women between 8 and 18 weeks gestation were recruited. Urine samples were obtained at 18 weeks to assay their CCR, and patients were followed up weekly for blood pressure measurement and di...
Tropical journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2020
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided t... more License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Mature ovarian cystic teratomas are common benign ovarian neoplasm derived from germ cells. With increasing availability of ultrasound services even in developing countries, the diagnosis of benign ovarian tumour is made earlier and the size of the ovarian tumour at diagnosis is relatively small. It is unusual to find an ovarian cystic teratoma larger than 10 cm. We report a huge mature ovarian cystic teratoma in a multipara with a history of Hansen’s disease. We conclude that, in circumstances where women have restricted access to health care, the unusual finding of mature ovarian cystic teratoma larger than 10 cm is possible due to delayed presentation for diagnosis and treatment. 1.
Nigerian journal of clinical practice, 2010
OBJECTIVE The contribution of Eclampsia to maternal mortality in Nigeria is well documented. In I... more OBJECTIVE The contribution of Eclampsia to maternal mortality in Nigeria is well documented. In Irrua it accounts for over 25% of maternal deaths. Addressing Eclampsia is therefore a priority programme of the Irrua Safe motherhood Initiative. AIM The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of eclampsia, its clinical correlates and outcome. Finally strategies will formulate programme implementation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study of cases of eclampsia in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Edo state; over a five-year period. Information was retrieved using a structured proforma. Statistical analysis was done using the excel statistical package and the Epi info 2002 statistical software. RESULTS Seventy eight (78) were admitted in the 5 year study. This accounted for 2.52% of total labour ward admission. However only 74 case notes were available for analysis. 70/74 of the patients were unbooked emergencies. Among the unbooked patients. 38/70 (54.29%) of th...
African journal of reproductive health, 2018
The need to formulate practice guidelines and ethical framework to guide the practice of assisted... more The need to formulate practice guidelines and ethical framework to guide the practice of assisted conception in Nigeria has been highlighted severally. The Association for Fertility and Reproductive Health (AFRH) ethics committee is charged with the objective of producing ethical guidelines that would govern the practice of assisted conception in Nigeria. This study was a survey of attendees at the AFRH international conference that held in Abuja in September 2017. The aim of the study was to generate empirical data that would form the drafting of ethical practice guidelines in Nigeria. Ninety-seven (50%) of the respondents were of the view that performing IVF for unmarried couples was ethical while about 70 (36%) were of the contrary opinion. Respondents were equally divided (45.26% versus 44.21%) on the ethical standing of performing IVF for single ladies. About 128 (70.33%) of respondents agree that egg donors should be paid more in compensation besides reimbursement for personal...
Research in the social sciences provides insights into human behaviour and social interactions. E... more Research in the social sciences provides insights into human behaviour and social interactions. Evidence from such research may inform policies and decisions affecting the lives of many. It requires trust between the researcher, research participants, other stakeholders and the public. To earn trust, the quality and integrity of work done by researchers should be impeccable.
Global Reproductive Health, 2018
Tropical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2019
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 2015
The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal, 2007
The presence of a congenital malformation at birth is a cause of anxiety at an otherwise joyous o... more The presence of a congenital malformation at birth is a cause of anxiety at an otherwise joyous occasion. Congenital malformations are a significant contributor to perinatal mortality. A retrospective study of external congenital abnormalities in singleton and twin births in rural eastern Nigeria over a 20 year period. The incidence of congenital defects for all deliveries was 110.8/10,000 births. Of 1453 twins and 32206 singleton births, there were 58 and 315 congenital abnormalities, with incidence of 97.8/10,000 births and 399.2/10,000 births respectively. Twins were significantly (x(2) =115.22; p< 0.0000) more likely to have a congenital malformation than singletons (RR 4.08, 95% CI 3.10 - 5.7). The pattern of defects was similar for singleton and twin births and the leading system affected was the musculo-skeletal system, distantly followed by the central nervous system. For both groups the commonest malformation was ulnar polydactyly, followed by hydrocephaly and ankyloglos...
Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2014
Mature ovarian cystic teratomas are common benign ovarian neoplasm derived from germ cells. With ... more Mature ovarian cystic teratomas are common benign ovarian neoplasm derived from germ cells. With increasing availability of ultrasound services even in developing countries, the diagnosis of benign ovarian tumour is made earlier and the size of the ovarian tumour at diagnosis is relatively small. It is unusual to find an ovarian cystic teratoma larger than 10 cm. We report a huge mature ovarian cystic teratoma in a multipara with a history of Hansen’s disease. We conclude that, in circumstances where women have restricted access to health care, the unusual finding of mature ovarian cystic teratoma larger than 10 cm is possible due to delayed presentation for diagnosis and treatment.
Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 2007
To document differences in characteristics and outcome between booked and unbooked patients with ... more To document differences in characteristics and outcome between booked and unbooked patients with ruptured uterus A 10 year retrospective comparative analysis of booked and unbooked patients with ruptured uterus at the Baptist medical center, Eku, Delta State. The overall incidence of ruptured uterus was 1 in 271 deliveries while the incidence among booked and unbooked patients was 1 in 556 and 1 in 140 respectively. There were a statistically significant difference in number of booked patients with formal education beyond the primary level compared with the unbooked patients (p = 0.0206; 95% CI 1.92-14.79). A higher proportion of booked patients with ruptured uterus had history of previous uterine scar. All the three maternal deaths occured in the unbooked patients. The overall case fatality rate for ruptured uterus was 23% or 1 in 4.3. Booked and unbooked patients with ruptured uterus have different characteristics and outcome. Subsequent studies on ruptured uterus should disaggregate their data according to the booking category of the patients. This will assist in making effective intervention plans that will impact both groups.
Ebonyi Medical Journal, 2010
ABSTRACT Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension and it sequelae eclampsia are major causes of... more ABSTRACT Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension and it sequelae eclampsia are major causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The aim of this study was to compare the obstetric intervention rates and maternal and fetal outcome in cases of gestational hypertension to that of normotensive women randomly selected from the general obstetric population in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria Methods: Selected measures of obstetric intervention rates and maternal and fetal outcomes in 215 cases of gestational hypertension were compared to that in 300 randomly selected low risk non cases from the general obstetric population. Univariate statistical analysis was done using the Fisher’s exact test. The 95% Confidence interval and Relative risk were also determined.Results: Women with Gestational hypertension had statistically significant higher rates of induction of labour, instrumental delivery and prolonged hospital stay beyond 6 days compared to normotensive women. There were no significant differences in the measures of perinatal outcome. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that prompt management of cases of gestational hypertension in a tertiary hospital is associated with reduced risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Ebonyi Medical Journal, 2010
ABSTRACT Background: Increase in contraceptive uptake is a key strategy to reduce unplanned pregn... more ABSTRACT Background: Increase in contraceptive uptake is a key strategy to reduce unplanned pregnancy and maternal mortality. Reviews of contraceptive uptake and services provide data for assessing progress. Method: A five year review of contraceptive acceptors and service at the Central Hospital, Warri. Results: A total of 528 contraceptive acceptors were seen during the 5 year period. The mean age was 34.2+ 2.3 years. More clients practiced contraception for child spacing (56.4%) than for limiting family size (39.8%). The IUCD, Hormonal Injectables, pills and condoms were available for clients. The IUCD was the preferred contraceptive accepted. Age and parity but not education were significantly associated with type of contraceptive chosen. Conclusion: The range of contraceptives offered clients needs to be expanded and the information management systemimproved.
Ebonyi Medical Journal, 2009
Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 2007
The Obstetric outcome of the patients who receive antenatal care and deliver at the Irrua Special... more The Obstetric outcome of the patients who receive antenatal care and deliver at the Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital is reasonably satisfactory. Our major challenges arise from unbooked emergencies. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of unbooked patients in the Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, their clinical presentation, their demographic characteristics as well as their obstetric outcome. A structured proforma was used to collect relevant information over a one-year period from patients' case notes, theatre records and labour ward records. During the study period, unbooked patients constituted 14.7% of all deliveries. They had a higher proportion of teenagers (p < 0.0000) and women over 40 years (p < 0.0000) when compared to the booked patients. There were also a higher proportion of primigravidas and grandmultiparous women but these did not reach statistical significance. Unbooked patients are also more likely to be single (p < 0.001) and polygamous (p < 0.0002) when compared to the booked patients. The diagnosis on admission included obstructed labour (18.2%), intrauterine fetal death (14.9%), ante partum haemorrhage (12.4%), post date (12.4%) and eclampsia (8.3%). Eighteen (14.9%) of the unbooked patients had no antenatal care whatsoever, while sixteen 13.2% had been visiting TBAs for some care in pregnancy. Maternal mortality for the unbooked patients was 5/121 (4.1%). There was no maternal death amongst booked patients during the study. The unbooked patients are relatively high-risk patients with some social disadvantage. They have a high maternal mortality.
Research Ethics Forum, 2019
Research in the social sciences provides insights into human behaviour and social interactions. E... more Research in the social sciences provides insights into human behaviour and social interactions. Evidence from such research may inform policies and decisions affecting the lives of many. It requires trust between the researcher, research participants, other stakeholders and the public. To earn trust, the quality and integrity of work done by researchers should be impeccable.
Journal of Surgery and Medicine
Background/Aim: Preeclampsia is a multisystemic disorder, which significantly contributes to mate... more Background/Aim: Preeclampsia is a multisystemic disorder, which significantly contributes to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries where it accounts for about one-third of maternal mortality cases. Predicting its occurrence will reveal a sizeable population of pregnant women who will undoubtedly benefit from prevention. The ideal screening marker for the disease is still being investigated. The urine calcium-creatinine ratio (CCR) is an inexpensive, simple, and easily assayed biomarker. This study determined the accuracy of the spot urinary calcium-creatinine ratio in predicting the occurrence of preeclampsia. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study conducted in Delta State, which involved four healthcare facilities in Nigeria. A total of 138 pregnant women between 8 and 18 weeks gestation were recruited. Urine samples were obtained at 18 weeks to assay their CCR, and patients were followed up weekly for blood pressure measurement and di...
Tropical journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2020
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided t... more License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Mature ovarian cystic teratomas are common benign ovarian neoplasm derived from germ cells. With increasing availability of ultrasound services even in developing countries, the diagnosis of benign ovarian tumour is made earlier and the size of the ovarian tumour at diagnosis is relatively small. It is unusual to find an ovarian cystic teratoma larger than 10 cm. We report a huge mature ovarian cystic teratoma in a multipara with a history of Hansen’s disease. We conclude that, in circumstances where women have restricted access to health care, the unusual finding of mature ovarian cystic teratoma larger than 10 cm is possible due to delayed presentation for diagnosis and treatment. 1.
Nigerian journal of clinical practice, 2010
OBJECTIVE The contribution of Eclampsia to maternal mortality in Nigeria is well documented. In I... more OBJECTIVE The contribution of Eclampsia to maternal mortality in Nigeria is well documented. In Irrua it accounts for over 25% of maternal deaths. Addressing Eclampsia is therefore a priority programme of the Irrua Safe motherhood Initiative. AIM The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of eclampsia, its clinical correlates and outcome. Finally strategies will formulate programme implementation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study of cases of eclampsia in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Edo state; over a five-year period. Information was retrieved using a structured proforma. Statistical analysis was done using the excel statistical package and the Epi info 2002 statistical software. RESULTS Seventy eight (78) were admitted in the 5 year study. This accounted for 2.52% of total labour ward admission. However only 74 case notes were available for analysis. 70/74 of the patients were unbooked emergencies. Among the unbooked patients. 38/70 (54.29%) of th...
African journal of reproductive health, 2018
The need to formulate practice guidelines and ethical framework to guide the practice of assisted... more The need to formulate practice guidelines and ethical framework to guide the practice of assisted conception in Nigeria has been highlighted severally. The Association for Fertility and Reproductive Health (AFRH) ethics committee is charged with the objective of producing ethical guidelines that would govern the practice of assisted conception in Nigeria. This study was a survey of attendees at the AFRH international conference that held in Abuja in September 2017. The aim of the study was to generate empirical data that would form the drafting of ethical practice guidelines in Nigeria. Ninety-seven (50%) of the respondents were of the view that performing IVF for unmarried couples was ethical while about 70 (36%) were of the contrary opinion. Respondents were equally divided (45.26% versus 44.21%) on the ethical standing of performing IVF for single ladies. About 128 (70.33%) of respondents agree that egg donors should be paid more in compensation besides reimbursement for personal...
Research in the social sciences provides insights into human behaviour and social interactions. E... more Research in the social sciences provides insights into human behaviour and social interactions. Evidence from such research may inform policies and decisions affecting the lives of many. It requires trust between the researcher, research participants, other stakeholders and the public. To earn trust, the quality and integrity of work done by researchers should be impeccable.
Global Reproductive Health, 2018
Tropical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2019
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 2015
The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal, 2007
The presence of a congenital malformation at birth is a cause of anxiety at an otherwise joyous o... more The presence of a congenital malformation at birth is a cause of anxiety at an otherwise joyous occasion. Congenital malformations are a significant contributor to perinatal mortality. A retrospective study of external congenital abnormalities in singleton and twin births in rural eastern Nigeria over a 20 year period. The incidence of congenital defects for all deliveries was 110.8/10,000 births. Of 1453 twins and 32206 singleton births, there were 58 and 315 congenital abnormalities, with incidence of 97.8/10,000 births and 399.2/10,000 births respectively. Twins were significantly (x(2) =115.22; p< 0.0000) more likely to have a congenital malformation than singletons (RR 4.08, 95% CI 3.10 - 5.7). The pattern of defects was similar for singleton and twin births and the leading system affected was the musculo-skeletal system, distantly followed by the central nervous system. For both groups the commonest malformation was ulnar polydactyly, followed by hydrocephaly and ankyloglos...
Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2014
Mature ovarian cystic teratomas are common benign ovarian neoplasm derived from germ cells. With ... more Mature ovarian cystic teratomas are common benign ovarian neoplasm derived from germ cells. With increasing availability of ultrasound services even in developing countries, the diagnosis of benign ovarian tumour is made earlier and the size of the ovarian tumour at diagnosis is relatively small. It is unusual to find an ovarian cystic teratoma larger than 10 cm. We report a huge mature ovarian cystic teratoma in a multipara with a history of Hansen’s disease. We conclude that, in circumstances where women have restricted access to health care, the unusual finding of mature ovarian cystic teratoma larger than 10 cm is possible due to delayed presentation for diagnosis and treatment.
Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 2007
To document differences in characteristics and outcome between booked and unbooked patients with ... more To document differences in characteristics and outcome between booked and unbooked patients with ruptured uterus A 10 year retrospective comparative analysis of booked and unbooked patients with ruptured uterus at the Baptist medical center, Eku, Delta State. The overall incidence of ruptured uterus was 1 in 271 deliveries while the incidence among booked and unbooked patients was 1 in 556 and 1 in 140 respectively. There were a statistically significant difference in number of booked patients with formal education beyond the primary level compared with the unbooked patients (p = 0.0206; 95% CI 1.92-14.79). A higher proportion of booked patients with ruptured uterus had history of previous uterine scar. All the three maternal deaths occured in the unbooked patients. The overall case fatality rate for ruptured uterus was 23% or 1 in 4.3. Booked and unbooked patients with ruptured uterus have different characteristics and outcome. Subsequent studies on ruptured uterus should disaggregate their data according to the booking category of the patients. This will assist in making effective intervention plans that will impact both groups.
Ebonyi Medical Journal, 2010
ABSTRACT Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension and it sequelae eclampsia are major causes of... more ABSTRACT Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension and it sequelae eclampsia are major causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The aim of this study was to compare the obstetric intervention rates and maternal and fetal outcome in cases of gestational hypertension to that of normotensive women randomly selected from the general obstetric population in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria Methods: Selected measures of obstetric intervention rates and maternal and fetal outcomes in 215 cases of gestational hypertension were compared to that in 300 randomly selected low risk non cases from the general obstetric population. Univariate statistical analysis was done using the Fisher’s exact test. The 95% Confidence interval and Relative risk were also determined.Results: Women with Gestational hypertension had statistically significant higher rates of induction of labour, instrumental delivery and prolonged hospital stay beyond 6 days compared to normotensive women. There were no significant differences in the measures of perinatal outcome. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that prompt management of cases of gestational hypertension in a tertiary hospital is associated with reduced risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Ebonyi Medical Journal, 2010
ABSTRACT Background: Increase in contraceptive uptake is a key strategy to reduce unplanned pregn... more ABSTRACT Background: Increase in contraceptive uptake is a key strategy to reduce unplanned pregnancy and maternal mortality. Reviews of contraceptive uptake and services provide data for assessing progress. Method: A five year review of contraceptive acceptors and service at the Central Hospital, Warri. Results: A total of 528 contraceptive acceptors were seen during the 5 year period. The mean age was 34.2+ 2.3 years. More clients practiced contraception for child spacing (56.4%) than for limiting family size (39.8%). The IUCD, Hormonal Injectables, pills and condoms were available for clients. The IUCD was the preferred contraceptive accepted. Age and parity but not education were significantly associated with type of contraceptive chosen. Conclusion: The range of contraceptives offered clients needs to be expanded and the information management systemimproved.
Ebonyi Medical Journal, 2009
Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 2007
The Obstetric outcome of the patients who receive antenatal care and deliver at the Irrua Special... more The Obstetric outcome of the patients who receive antenatal care and deliver at the Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital is reasonably satisfactory. Our major challenges arise from unbooked emergencies. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of unbooked patients in the Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, their clinical presentation, their demographic characteristics as well as their obstetric outcome. A structured proforma was used to collect relevant information over a one-year period from patients' case notes, theatre records and labour ward records. During the study period, unbooked patients constituted 14.7% of all deliveries. They had a higher proportion of teenagers (p < 0.0000) and women over 40 years (p < 0.0000) when compared to the booked patients. There were also a higher proportion of primigravidas and grandmultiparous women but these did not reach statistical significance. Unbooked patients are also more likely to be single (p < 0.001) and polygamous (p < 0.0002) when compared to the booked patients. The diagnosis on admission included obstructed labour (18.2%), intrauterine fetal death (14.9%), ante partum haemorrhage (12.4%), post date (12.4%) and eclampsia (8.3%). Eighteen (14.9%) of the unbooked patients had no antenatal care whatsoever, while sixteen 13.2% had been visiting TBAs for some care in pregnancy. Maternal mortality for the unbooked patients was 5/121 (4.1%). There was no maternal death amongst booked patients during the study. The unbooked patients are relatively high-risk patients with some social disadvantage. They have a high maternal mortality.