Patrick Peretti-watel - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Patrick Peretti-watel

EBioMedicine, 2015

To gain knowledge about vaccine hesitancy among general practitioners (GPs), we conducted a surve... more To gain knowledge about vaccine hesitancy among general practitioners (GPs), we conducted a survey to compare their vaccination attitudes for themselves, their children and their patients. A questionnaire survey was sent to GPs working in private practice in the Rhône-Alpes region, France, between October 2013 and January 2014. GPs' immunisation practices for diphtheria-tetanus-poliomyelitis (DTP), measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), pneumococcal, pertussis, hepatitis B (hepB), human papillomavirus (HPV), seasonal and H1N1 influenza and meningococcal C (menC) vaccines were considered. Divergence was defined by the presence of at least one different immunisation practice between their patients and their children. A total of 693 GPs answered the questionnaire. When considering all investigated vaccines, 45.7 % of divergence was found. Individually, divergence was highest for the newest and more controversial, i.e. HPV (11.8 %), hepB (13.1 %), menC (23.7 %) and pneumococcal (19.8 %) vaccines. Only 73.9 % of GPs declared that they recommended HPV vaccine for their daughters. After multivariate analysis, older age was associated with higher risk of divergence. According to the French 2012 recommendations, GPs were insufficiently immunised, with 88 % for DTP and 72 % for pertussis. GPs declared to recommend vaccination against DTP, pertussis and MMR for their patients and their children in more than 95 % of cases. The declared rates of recommendation were lower than 90 % for other vaccines. These results bring new insight about vaccine hesitancy. GPs have divergent immunisation attitudes toward their relatives and their patients, especially when considering the newest and most controversial vaccines, with HPV vaccine being the main focus of controversies.

PLoS currents, Jan 25, 2015

Today, according to many public health experts, public confidence in vaccines is waning. The term... more Today, according to many public health experts, public confidence in vaccines is waning. The term "vaccine hesitancy" (VH) is increasingly used to describe the spread of such vaccine reluctance. But VH is an ambiguous notion and its theoretical background appears uncertain. To clarify this concept, we first review the current definitions of VH in the public health literature and examine its most prominent characteristics. VH has been defined as a set of beliefs, attitudes, or behaviours, or some combination of them, shared by a large and heterogeneous portion of the population and including people who exhibit reluctant conformism (they may either decline a vaccine, delay it or accept it despite their doubts) and vaccine-specific behaviours. Secondly, we underline some of the ambiguities of this notion and argue that it is more a catchall category than a real concept. We also call into question the usefulness of understanding VH as an intermediate position along a continuum...

Revue D Epidemiologie Et De Sante Publique, 2008

J3 Parcours de soins et maladie chronique : points de bifurcation, séquences-types et recours au ... more J3 Parcours de soins et maladie chronique : points de bifurcation, séquences-types et recours au soins de personnes vivant avec le VIH M. Vignes Observatoire du sida et des sexualités, centre d'études sociologiques, facultés universitaires Saint-Louis, Bruxelles, Belgique

Revue D Epidemiologie Et De Sante Publique, 2008

BackgroundIn France, drug use levels of college students remain quite unknown, mainly because of ... more BackgroundIn France, drug use levels of college students remain quite unknown, mainly because of the lack of representative samples of this specific part of the population. There is also a lack of studies concerning gender and drug use.

EBioMedicine, 2015

Background This study aimed to assess: 1) vaccine hesitancy (VH) prevalence among French general ... more Background This study aimed to assess: 1) vaccine hesitancy (VH) prevalence among French general practitioners (GPs) through the frequency of their vaccine recommendations, and 2) the determinants of these recommendations.

European Journal of Cancer Supplements, 2003

ABSTRACT

European Journal of Cancer Supplements, 2009

BMJ open, 2015

Today, a growing need exists for greater research into cancer survivorship, focusing on different... more Today, a growing need exists for greater research into cancer survivorship, focusing on different spheres of the day-to-day life of diagnosed patients. This article describes the design and implementation of VICAN (VIe après le CANcer), a national survey on French cancer survivors. The target population included patients aged 18-82, diagnosed with cancer between January and June 2010, and registered in one of the three main French Health Insurance Schemes. It was restricted to 12 tumour sites. Sampling was stratified using a non-proportional allocation, based on age at diagnosis (18-52 and 53-82) and tumour site. Data were collected from telephone interviews with patients 2 and 5 years after diagnosis, a medical survey completed by the physician who initiated cancer treatment, and information from the national medicoadministrative database on reimbursement data and hospital discharge records. First data collection, 2 years after diagnosis, occurred between March and December 2012. S...

PLoS currents, 2015

Today, according to many public health experts, public confidence in vaccines is waning. The term... more Today, according to many public health experts, public confidence in vaccines is waning. The term "vaccine hesitancy" (VH) is increasingly used to describe the spread of such vaccine reluctance. But VH is an ambiguous notion and its theoretical background appears uncertain. To clarify this concept, we first review the current definitions of VH in the public health literature and examine its most prominent characteristics. VH has been defined as a set of beliefs, attitudes, or behaviours, or some combination of them, shared by a large and heterogeneous portion of the population and including people who exhibit reluctant conformism (they may either decline a vaccine, delay it or accept it despite their doubts) and vaccine-specific behaviours. Secondly, we underline some of the ambiguities of this notion and argue that it is more a catchall category than a real concept. We also call into question the usefulness of understanding VH as an intermediate position along a continuum...

Journal of palliative care, 2003

In 1999, the French Parliament established a "right to palliative care", which reactiva... more In 1999, the French Parliament established a "right to palliative care", which reactivated public debate about euthanasia. In order to investigate jointly physicians' attitude toward palliative care and euthanasia, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of a national sample of French GPs, oncologists, and neurologists. Overall, 917 physicians participated in the survey. Significant proportions of respondents, especially among GPs and neurologists, considered that palliative sedation and withdrawing life-sustaining treatments (WLST) were euthanasia. Multivariate analysis showed that the physicians who had special medical training in palliative care, and those who distinguish palliative sedation and WLST from euthanasia were more likely to oppose legalisation of euthanasia. Thus, French physicians' attitude to the legalisation of euthanasia is strongly influenced by whether or not they distinguish palliative care from euthanasia. Improved palliative care requires bett...

Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 2006

des comportements à risque. Par rapport aux questionnaires habituels, cet outil, testé auprès d'u... more des comportements à risque. Par rapport aux questionnaires habituels, cet outil, testé auprès d'une population d'injecteurs de drogues à Marseille, permet de détecter d'autres prises de risque et de prendre en compte le contexte dans lequel se déroulent les injections. Il pourrait servir d'outil complémentaire aux mesures habituelles de prise de risque et être intégré dans l'évaluation des salles d'injection. Salle d'injection. Usagers de drogue par voie intraveineuse. Hépatite C. Prise de risque. Situation d'exception. IRQ.

Ejc Supplements, 2009

incomplete and as contradicting the first-hand everyday experience of personal and social network... more incomplete and as contradicting the first-hand everyday experience of personal and social networks. Consequently, issues surrounding personal, social and contextual factors shape the way in which healthy lifestyle messages are received and show the situated nature of lay cancer beliefs and behavioural change. Ways in which healthcare professionals can take these factors into account when encouraging healthy lifestyles will also be discussed. Conclusions: These findings have important implications for the clinical practice, future research and educational needs of health professionals who engage with those most affected by cancer: disadvantaged populations.

International Journal of Drug Policy, 2009

Background: The relationship between smoking and poverty is a public health issue in many countri... more Background: The relationship between smoking and poverty is a public health issue in many countries, and several studies have shown a link between living in deprived neighbourhoods and smoking. In France the prevalence of smoking has decreased since the year 2000s. We examined whether reduced smoking rates differed by socio-economic status, anticipating reductions to be smaller amongst lower socio-economic groups. We also investigated whether poor housing conditions and/or living in a deprived neighbourhood were significantly associated with smoking. Methods: Data were collected by telephone surveys conducted between 2000 and 2007 with representative samples of the French population aged 18-75. The data from the last of these surveys (2007, N = 6007) were also used to carry out a cluster analysis on various indicators relating to housing conditions and neighbourhood. Results: Between 2000 and 2007 the social differential in smoking rates increased sharply in France. Specific types of neighbourhood and poor housing conditions (described as cramped housing in a noisy and stressful environment or deprived neighbourhood), which were closely correlated with socio-economic status, were found to be significantly correlated with smoking, even after adjusting for potential key confounders and especially for individual markers of social disadvantage. Conclusion: Interventions which do not specifically target smoking but which contribute to improving poor smokers' living conditions, are necessary to promote smoking cessation.

Since the late 1990s, several French surveys have studied perceptions about and the use of tobacc... more Since the late 1990s, several French surveys have studied perceptions about and the use of tobacco and other drugs among adolescents. This enables to track trends in tobacco use at this crucial age. This article presents the main epidemiological data gathered since 2000 and also reviews older surveys in order to place recent trends in a broader perspective.

Background: There is growing evidence that cigarette smoking has become a stigmatized behaviour, ... more Background: There is growing evidence that cigarette smoking has become a stigmatized behaviour, at least in western countries, and there is ongoing debate among experts about whether or not such stigma should be an instrument of anti-tobacco policy. Methods: We investigated French non-smokers attitudes toward cigarette smokers, using data from a telephone survey carried out in 2010 among a representative random sample of non-smokers aged 15-75 (N = 3091). We carried out a cluster analysis to build contrasted attitudinal profiles and we also computed a score of stigmatization. Results: We found evidence for the existence of stigma associated with cigarette smoking in France: a majority of French non-smokers would not date a smoker, nor hire one to take care of their children. The cluster analysis identified four contrasting profiles, corresponding to different levels of stigmatization, including one cluster whose respondents demonstrated strong levels of moral condemnation and social rejection of smokers. Older people, those with a lower educational level and those reporting financial difficulties were more prone to stigmatize smokers, while those who reported that somebody smoked in their home were less likely to do so. Those who had never smoked and those who abstained from alcohol were more prone to stigmatize smokers. Obese people were also more likely to do so (in bivariate analysis only). Conclusion: The process of tobacco stigmatization seems well-advanced in France, despite a cultural context that may be less permeable to this process. Further research is needed as our results raise some questions regarding its efficiency as a policy tool. First, people who are familiar with smokers are less prone to stigmatize them. More generally, simultaneously stigmatizing several categories of people may provide each of these same categories with stereotyped 'others' onto whom they can deflect their stigma.

We assume that actors of the professionalization process of palliative care make a special effort... more We assume that actors of the professionalization process of palliative care make a special effort to demarcate it from euthanasia, and that such an effort has a significant impact on beliefs and attitudes toward euthanasia among the whole medical profession. We investigated concurrently attitudes toward palliative care, conceptions of euthanasia and opinion toward its legalization among a sample of 883 French general practitioners, oncologists and neurologists. We found four contrasted profiles of attitudes toward palliative care, which were closely correlated with being in touch with palliative care providers. Attitudes toward palliative care were closely correlated with beliefs about which medical practices should be labelled euthanasia, and these beliefs were in turn strongly associated with opinions toward euthanasia legalization. Our results suggest that the relationship between palliative care and euthanasia mixes semantic and strategic aspects, beyond cognitive and conative ones.

EBioMedicine, 2015

To gain knowledge about vaccine hesitancy among general practitioners (GPs), we conducted a surve... more To gain knowledge about vaccine hesitancy among general practitioners (GPs), we conducted a survey to compare their vaccination attitudes for themselves, their children and their patients. A questionnaire survey was sent to GPs working in private practice in the Rhône-Alpes region, France, between October 2013 and January 2014. GPs' immunisation practices for diphtheria-tetanus-poliomyelitis (DTP), measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), pneumococcal, pertussis, hepatitis B (hepB), human papillomavirus (HPV), seasonal and H1N1 influenza and meningococcal C (menC) vaccines were considered. Divergence was defined by the presence of at least one different immunisation practice between their patients and their children. A total of 693 GPs answered the questionnaire. When considering all investigated vaccines, 45.7 % of divergence was found. Individually, divergence was highest for the newest and more controversial, i.e. HPV (11.8 %), hepB (13.1 %), menC (23.7 %) and pneumococcal (19.8 %) vaccines. Only 73.9 % of GPs declared that they recommended HPV vaccine for their daughters. After multivariate analysis, older age was associated with higher risk of divergence. According to the French 2012 recommendations, GPs were insufficiently immunised, with 88 % for DTP and 72 % for pertussis. GPs declared to recommend vaccination against DTP, pertussis and MMR for their patients and their children in more than 95 % of cases. The declared rates of recommendation were lower than 90 % for other vaccines. These results bring new insight about vaccine hesitancy. GPs have divergent immunisation attitudes toward their relatives and their patients, especially when considering the newest and most controversial vaccines, with HPV vaccine being the main focus of controversies.

PLoS currents, Jan 25, 2015

Today, according to many public health experts, public confidence in vaccines is waning. The term... more Today, according to many public health experts, public confidence in vaccines is waning. The term "vaccine hesitancy" (VH) is increasingly used to describe the spread of such vaccine reluctance. But VH is an ambiguous notion and its theoretical background appears uncertain. To clarify this concept, we first review the current definitions of VH in the public health literature and examine its most prominent characteristics. VH has been defined as a set of beliefs, attitudes, or behaviours, or some combination of them, shared by a large and heterogeneous portion of the population and including people who exhibit reluctant conformism (they may either decline a vaccine, delay it or accept it despite their doubts) and vaccine-specific behaviours. Secondly, we underline some of the ambiguities of this notion and argue that it is more a catchall category than a real concept. We also call into question the usefulness of understanding VH as an intermediate position along a continuum...

Revue D Epidemiologie Et De Sante Publique, 2008

J3 Parcours de soins et maladie chronique : points de bifurcation, séquences-types et recours au ... more J3 Parcours de soins et maladie chronique : points de bifurcation, séquences-types et recours au soins de personnes vivant avec le VIH M. Vignes Observatoire du sida et des sexualités, centre d'études sociologiques, facultés universitaires Saint-Louis, Bruxelles, Belgique

Revue D Epidemiologie Et De Sante Publique, 2008

BackgroundIn France, drug use levels of college students remain quite unknown, mainly because of ... more BackgroundIn France, drug use levels of college students remain quite unknown, mainly because of the lack of representative samples of this specific part of the population. There is also a lack of studies concerning gender and drug use.

EBioMedicine, 2015

Background This study aimed to assess: 1) vaccine hesitancy (VH) prevalence among French general ... more Background This study aimed to assess: 1) vaccine hesitancy (VH) prevalence among French general practitioners (GPs) through the frequency of their vaccine recommendations, and 2) the determinants of these recommendations.

European Journal of Cancer Supplements, 2003

ABSTRACT

European Journal of Cancer Supplements, 2009

BMJ open, 2015

Today, a growing need exists for greater research into cancer survivorship, focusing on different... more Today, a growing need exists for greater research into cancer survivorship, focusing on different spheres of the day-to-day life of diagnosed patients. This article describes the design and implementation of VICAN (VIe après le CANcer), a national survey on French cancer survivors. The target population included patients aged 18-82, diagnosed with cancer between January and June 2010, and registered in one of the three main French Health Insurance Schemes. It was restricted to 12 tumour sites. Sampling was stratified using a non-proportional allocation, based on age at diagnosis (18-52 and 53-82) and tumour site. Data were collected from telephone interviews with patients 2 and 5 years after diagnosis, a medical survey completed by the physician who initiated cancer treatment, and information from the national medicoadministrative database on reimbursement data and hospital discharge records. First data collection, 2 years after diagnosis, occurred between March and December 2012. S...

PLoS currents, 2015

Today, according to many public health experts, public confidence in vaccines is waning. The term... more Today, according to many public health experts, public confidence in vaccines is waning. The term "vaccine hesitancy" (VH) is increasingly used to describe the spread of such vaccine reluctance. But VH is an ambiguous notion and its theoretical background appears uncertain. To clarify this concept, we first review the current definitions of VH in the public health literature and examine its most prominent characteristics. VH has been defined as a set of beliefs, attitudes, or behaviours, or some combination of them, shared by a large and heterogeneous portion of the population and including people who exhibit reluctant conformism (they may either decline a vaccine, delay it or accept it despite their doubts) and vaccine-specific behaviours. Secondly, we underline some of the ambiguities of this notion and argue that it is more a catchall category than a real concept. We also call into question the usefulness of understanding VH as an intermediate position along a continuum...

Journal of palliative care, 2003

In 1999, the French Parliament established a "right to palliative care", which reactiva... more In 1999, the French Parliament established a "right to palliative care", which reactivated public debate about euthanasia. In order to investigate jointly physicians' attitude toward palliative care and euthanasia, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of a national sample of French GPs, oncologists, and neurologists. Overall, 917 physicians participated in the survey. Significant proportions of respondents, especially among GPs and neurologists, considered that palliative sedation and withdrawing life-sustaining treatments (WLST) were euthanasia. Multivariate analysis showed that the physicians who had special medical training in palliative care, and those who distinguish palliative sedation and WLST from euthanasia were more likely to oppose legalisation of euthanasia. Thus, French physicians' attitude to the legalisation of euthanasia is strongly influenced by whether or not they distinguish palliative care from euthanasia. Improved palliative care requires bett...

Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 2006

des comportements à risque. Par rapport aux questionnaires habituels, cet outil, testé auprès d'u... more des comportements à risque. Par rapport aux questionnaires habituels, cet outil, testé auprès d'une population d'injecteurs de drogues à Marseille, permet de détecter d'autres prises de risque et de prendre en compte le contexte dans lequel se déroulent les injections. Il pourrait servir d'outil complémentaire aux mesures habituelles de prise de risque et être intégré dans l'évaluation des salles d'injection. Salle d'injection. Usagers de drogue par voie intraveineuse. Hépatite C. Prise de risque. Situation d'exception. IRQ.

Ejc Supplements, 2009

incomplete and as contradicting the first-hand everyday experience of personal and social network... more incomplete and as contradicting the first-hand everyday experience of personal and social networks. Consequently, issues surrounding personal, social and contextual factors shape the way in which healthy lifestyle messages are received and show the situated nature of lay cancer beliefs and behavioural change. Ways in which healthcare professionals can take these factors into account when encouraging healthy lifestyles will also be discussed. Conclusions: These findings have important implications for the clinical practice, future research and educational needs of health professionals who engage with those most affected by cancer: disadvantaged populations.

International Journal of Drug Policy, 2009

Background: The relationship between smoking and poverty is a public health issue in many countri... more Background: The relationship between smoking and poverty is a public health issue in many countries, and several studies have shown a link between living in deprived neighbourhoods and smoking. In France the prevalence of smoking has decreased since the year 2000s. We examined whether reduced smoking rates differed by socio-economic status, anticipating reductions to be smaller amongst lower socio-economic groups. We also investigated whether poor housing conditions and/or living in a deprived neighbourhood were significantly associated with smoking. Methods: Data were collected by telephone surveys conducted between 2000 and 2007 with representative samples of the French population aged 18-75. The data from the last of these surveys (2007, N = 6007) were also used to carry out a cluster analysis on various indicators relating to housing conditions and neighbourhood. Results: Between 2000 and 2007 the social differential in smoking rates increased sharply in France. Specific types of neighbourhood and poor housing conditions (described as cramped housing in a noisy and stressful environment or deprived neighbourhood), which were closely correlated with socio-economic status, were found to be significantly correlated with smoking, even after adjusting for potential key confounders and especially for individual markers of social disadvantage. Conclusion: Interventions which do not specifically target smoking but which contribute to improving poor smokers' living conditions, are necessary to promote smoking cessation.

Since the late 1990s, several French surveys have studied perceptions about and the use of tobacc... more Since the late 1990s, several French surveys have studied perceptions about and the use of tobacco and other drugs among adolescents. This enables to track trends in tobacco use at this crucial age. This article presents the main epidemiological data gathered since 2000 and also reviews older surveys in order to place recent trends in a broader perspective.

Background: There is growing evidence that cigarette smoking has become a stigmatized behaviour, ... more Background: There is growing evidence that cigarette smoking has become a stigmatized behaviour, at least in western countries, and there is ongoing debate among experts about whether or not such stigma should be an instrument of anti-tobacco policy. Methods: We investigated French non-smokers attitudes toward cigarette smokers, using data from a telephone survey carried out in 2010 among a representative random sample of non-smokers aged 15-75 (N = 3091). We carried out a cluster analysis to build contrasted attitudinal profiles and we also computed a score of stigmatization. Results: We found evidence for the existence of stigma associated with cigarette smoking in France: a majority of French non-smokers would not date a smoker, nor hire one to take care of their children. The cluster analysis identified four contrasting profiles, corresponding to different levels of stigmatization, including one cluster whose respondents demonstrated strong levels of moral condemnation and social rejection of smokers. Older people, those with a lower educational level and those reporting financial difficulties were more prone to stigmatize smokers, while those who reported that somebody smoked in their home were less likely to do so. Those who had never smoked and those who abstained from alcohol were more prone to stigmatize smokers. Obese people were also more likely to do so (in bivariate analysis only). Conclusion: The process of tobacco stigmatization seems well-advanced in France, despite a cultural context that may be less permeable to this process. Further research is needed as our results raise some questions regarding its efficiency as a policy tool. First, people who are familiar with smokers are less prone to stigmatize them. More generally, simultaneously stigmatizing several categories of people may provide each of these same categories with stereotyped 'others' onto whom they can deflect their stigma.

We assume that actors of the professionalization process of palliative care make a special effort... more We assume that actors of the professionalization process of palliative care make a special effort to demarcate it from euthanasia, and that such an effort has a significant impact on beliefs and attitudes toward euthanasia among the whole medical profession. We investigated concurrently attitudes toward palliative care, conceptions of euthanasia and opinion toward its legalization among a sample of 883 French general practitioners, oncologists and neurologists. We found four contrasted profiles of attitudes toward palliative care, which were closely correlated with being in touch with palliative care providers. Attitudes toward palliative care were closely correlated with beliefs about which medical practices should be labelled euthanasia, and these beliefs were in turn strongly associated with opinions toward euthanasia legalization. Our results suggest that the relationship between palliative care and euthanasia mixes semantic and strategic aspects, beyond cognitive and conative ones.