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Research paper thumbnail of Erratum to "Radial Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry: Intermethod Agreement for Bone Status Assessment in Children

BioMed research international

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2015/232876.].

Research paper thumbnail of Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies

The Lancet

A WHO expert consultation addressed the debate about interpretation of recommended body-mass inde... more A WHO expert consultation addressed the debate about interpretation of recommended body-mass index (BMI) cut-off points for determining overweight and obesity in Asian populations, and considered whether population-specific cut-off points for BMI are necessary. They reviewed scientific evidence that suggests that Asian populations have different associations between BMI, percentage of body fat, and health risks than do European populations. The consultation concluded that the proportion of Asian people with a high risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease is substantial at BMIs lower than the existing WHO cut-off point for overweight (greater than or equal to25 kg/m(2)). However, available data do not necessarily indicate a clear BMI cut-off point for all Asians for overweight or obesity. The cut-off point for observed risk varies from 22 kg/m(2) to 25 kg/m(2) in different Asian populations; for high risk it varies from 26 kg/m(2) to 31 kg/m(2). No attempt was made, therefo...

Research paper thumbnail of Radial Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry: Intermethod Agreement for Bone Status Assessment in Children

BioMed Research International, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of The impact of body build on the relationship between body mass index and percent body fat

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 1999

The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that differences in the relationship betwee... more The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that differences in the relationship between percent body fat (%BF) and body mass index (BMI) between populations can be explained (in part) by differences in body build. Cross-sectional, comparative study. 120 age, gender and BMI matched Singapore Chinese, Beijing Chinese and Dutch (Wageningen) Caucasians. From body weight and body height, BMI was calculated. Relative sitting height (sitting height/height) was used as a measure of relative leg length. Body fat was determined using densitometry (underwater weighing) in Beijing and Wageningen and using a three-compartment model based on densitometry and hydrometry in Singapore. Wrist and knee widths were measured as indicators for frame size and skeletal mass was calculated based on height, wrist and knee width. In addition, a slenderness index (height/sum of wrist and knee width) was calculated. For the same BMI, Singapore Chinese had the highest %BF followed by Beijing Chinese a...

Research paper thumbnail of Six-compartment body composition model: inter-method comparisons of total body fat measurement

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 1998

To compare 16 currently used total body fat methods to a six-compartment criterion model based on... more To compare 16 currently used total body fat methods to a six-compartment criterion model based on in vivo neutron activation analysis. Observational, inter-method comparison study. Twenty-three healthy subjects (17 male and 6 female). Total body water (TBW) was measured by tritium dilution; body volume by underwater weighing (UWW); total body fat and bone mineral by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), total body potassium (TBK) by whole-body 40K counting; total body carbon, nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, sodium and chlorine by in vivo neutron activation analysis; skinfolds/circumferences by anthropometry (Anth); and resistance by single-frequency bioimpedance analysis (BIA). The average of total body fat mass measurements by the six-compartment neutron activation model was 19.7+/-10.2kg (mean+/-s.d.) and comparable estimates by other methods ranged from 17.4-24.3 kg. Although all 16 methods were highly correlated with the six-compartment criterion model, three groups emerged bas...

Research paper thumbnail of Bioelectrical impedance analysis—part I: review of principles and methods

Research paper thumbnail of Determination of Intracellular Water by Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 1995

Body composition was measured in 57 healthy males by 40K measurements and by multifrequency bioel... more Body composition was measured in 57 healthy males by 40K measurements and by multifrequency bioelectrical impedance. Intracellular resistance (Ricf) was calculated from the impedance values using the Cole-Cole model. From total body potassium, intracellular water (ICW) was calculated. In addition, in 14 subjects, total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW) was measured using deuterium oxide dilution and bromide dilution,

Research paper thumbnail of Predicting body composition by densitometry from simple anthropometric measurements1'2

New equations have been developed to predict body fat (percent BF) calculated from body density m... more New equations have been developed to predict body fat (percent BF) calculated from body density measured by underwater weighing from simple anthropometric measurements, using stepwise-multiple-regression analysis in 63 men and 84 women. Log1() sum of four skinfold thicknesses explained 80.1% (SE = 3.8) of variance of percent BF in men and 76.4% (SE = 4.6) in women. Alternative equations using

Research paper thumbnail of A comparison of body fat estimates using anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis with distinct prediction equations in elderly persons in the Republic of Guatemala

Research paper thumbnail of Functional consequences of iron supplementation in iron- deficient female cotton mill workers in Beijing, China13

Eighty iron-deficient, nonpregnant female workers were randomly assigned to ferrous sulphate (60 ... more Eighty iron-deficient, nonpregnant female workers were randomly assigned to ferrous sulphate (60 or 120 mg Fe/d) or placebo treatment for 12 wk. Energy expenditure was estimated during 3 d by heart rate (HR) recording. Produc- tion efficiency (PE) was calculated as the ratio of productivity to energy expenditure. In the iron-treated group mean hemo- globin (Hb) increased from 114 to

Research paper thumbnail of Bioelectrical impedance analysis—part II: utilization in clinical practice

Research paper thumbnail of The validity of predicted body composition in Chinese adults from anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance in comparison with densitometry

British Journal of Nutrition, 1996

Research paper thumbnail of Human energy metabolism below, near and above energy equilibrium

British Journal of Nutrition, 1984

Research paper thumbnail of Body fat measurement among Singaporean Chinese, Malays and Indians: a comparative study using a four-compartment model and different two-compartment models

British Journal of Nutrition, 2001

Research paper thumbnail of Double burden of undernutrition and overnutrition in Vietnam in 2011: results of the SEANUTS study in 0·5–11-year-old children

British Journal of Nutrition, 2013

The Vietnamese South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS), a cross-sectional study, was undertak... more The Vietnamese South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS), a cross-sectional study, was undertaken to assess the nutritional status in a nationally representative sample of children aged 0·5-11·9 years. A multi-stage cluster-randomised sampling method was used to recruit 2872 children. Anthropometric measurements included weight, height, mid-upper arm circumference, and waist and hip circumferences. Blood biochemistry involved analyses of Hb, serum ferritin, and vitamins A and D. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24 h recall questionnaire, and nutrient intakes were compared with the Vietnamese RDA. In children aged < 5 years, approximately 14% were stunted, 8·6% underweight and 4·4% thin. A higher prevalence of stunting (15·6%) and underweight (22·2%) was observed in school-aged children. Undernutrition was more prevalent in rural areas than in urban areas. In contrast, almost 29% of the urban children were either overweight or obese when compared with 4% of the overweight children and 1·6% of the obese children in rural areas. A higher percentage of children in the age group 0·5-1·9 years and residing in rural areas had low Hb levels than those in the age group 2·0-5·9 years and residing in urban areas. In children aged 6-11 years, a small percentage had low Hb (11-14%) and vitamin A (5-10%) levels, but almost half the children (48-53%) had vitamin D insufficiency. Food consumption data indicated that the children did not meet the RDA for energy, protein, Fe, vitamin A, vitamin B1 and vitamin C. Results from the SEANUTS highlight the double burden of malnutrition in Vietnam. Information from the SEANUTS can serve as an input for targeted policy development, planning and development of nutrition programmes.

Research paper thumbnail of Design of the South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS): a four-country multistage cluster design study

British Journal of Nutrition, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Elevated body fat percentage and cardiovascular risks at low body mass index levels among Singaporean Chinese, Malays and Indians

Research paper thumbnail of Asians are different from Caucasians and from each other in their body mass index/body fat per cent relationship

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative body composition estimates for institutionalized and free-living elderly in metropolitan areas of the republic of Guatemala

Nutrition Research, 1996

Elderly populations from developing countries represent two-thirds of the whole world's ... more Elderly populations from developing countries represent two-thirds of the whole world's elderly population; however very little is known respect their health and nutritional status. Guatemala has a population of almost 10 million inhabitants, and approximately 6% is composed of persons over 60 y. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the nutritional status and the body composition profile

Research paper thumbnail of Multifrequency Impedance in the Assessment of Body Water Losses during Dialysis

Kidney and Blood Pressure Research, 1994

Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance was used to predict changes in body water compartments dur... more Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance was used to predict changes in body water compartments during renal dialysis. Weight loss during dialysis was assumed to be water loss. Predicted total body water (TBW) from impedance after dialysis did not differ significantly from TBW determined by deuterium oxide dilution. However, the predicted change in TBW from bioelectrical impedance largely exceeded the observed weight (water) loss. The predicted change in extracellular water was slightly but significantly lower compared to the observed weight loss. The ratio of impedance at 1-100 kHz increased in all subjects during dialysis, and may be a simple tool to assess body water distribution.

Research paper thumbnail of Erratum to "Radial Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry: Intermethod Agreement for Bone Status Assessment in Children

BioMed research international

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2015/232876.].

Research paper thumbnail of Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies

The Lancet

A WHO expert consultation addressed the debate about interpretation of recommended body-mass inde... more A WHO expert consultation addressed the debate about interpretation of recommended body-mass index (BMI) cut-off points for determining overweight and obesity in Asian populations, and considered whether population-specific cut-off points for BMI are necessary. They reviewed scientific evidence that suggests that Asian populations have different associations between BMI, percentage of body fat, and health risks than do European populations. The consultation concluded that the proportion of Asian people with a high risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease is substantial at BMIs lower than the existing WHO cut-off point for overweight (greater than or equal to25 kg/m(2)). However, available data do not necessarily indicate a clear BMI cut-off point for all Asians for overweight or obesity. The cut-off point for observed risk varies from 22 kg/m(2) to 25 kg/m(2) in different Asian populations; for high risk it varies from 26 kg/m(2) to 31 kg/m(2). No attempt was made, therefo...

Research paper thumbnail of Radial Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry: Intermethod Agreement for Bone Status Assessment in Children

BioMed Research International, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of The impact of body build on the relationship between body mass index and percent body fat

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 1999

The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that differences in the relationship betwee... more The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that differences in the relationship between percent body fat (%BF) and body mass index (BMI) between populations can be explained (in part) by differences in body build. Cross-sectional, comparative study. 120 age, gender and BMI matched Singapore Chinese, Beijing Chinese and Dutch (Wageningen) Caucasians. From body weight and body height, BMI was calculated. Relative sitting height (sitting height/height) was used as a measure of relative leg length. Body fat was determined using densitometry (underwater weighing) in Beijing and Wageningen and using a three-compartment model based on densitometry and hydrometry in Singapore. Wrist and knee widths were measured as indicators for frame size and skeletal mass was calculated based on height, wrist and knee width. In addition, a slenderness index (height/sum of wrist and knee width) was calculated. For the same BMI, Singapore Chinese had the highest %BF followed by Beijing Chinese a...

Research paper thumbnail of Six-compartment body composition model: inter-method comparisons of total body fat measurement

International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 1998

To compare 16 currently used total body fat methods to a six-compartment criterion model based on... more To compare 16 currently used total body fat methods to a six-compartment criterion model based on in vivo neutron activation analysis. Observational, inter-method comparison study. Twenty-three healthy subjects (17 male and 6 female). Total body water (TBW) was measured by tritium dilution; body volume by underwater weighing (UWW); total body fat and bone mineral by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), total body potassium (TBK) by whole-body 40K counting; total body carbon, nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, sodium and chlorine by in vivo neutron activation analysis; skinfolds/circumferences by anthropometry (Anth); and resistance by single-frequency bioimpedance analysis (BIA). The average of total body fat mass measurements by the six-compartment neutron activation model was 19.7+/-10.2kg (mean+/-s.d.) and comparable estimates by other methods ranged from 17.4-24.3 kg. Although all 16 methods were highly correlated with the six-compartment criterion model, three groups emerged bas...

Research paper thumbnail of Bioelectrical impedance analysis—part I: review of principles and methods

Research paper thumbnail of Determination of Intracellular Water by Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 1995

Body composition was measured in 57 healthy males by 40K measurements and by multifrequency bioel... more Body composition was measured in 57 healthy males by 40K measurements and by multifrequency bioelectrical impedance. Intracellular resistance (Ricf) was calculated from the impedance values using the Cole-Cole model. From total body potassium, intracellular water (ICW) was calculated. In addition, in 14 subjects, total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW) was measured using deuterium oxide dilution and bromide dilution,

Research paper thumbnail of Predicting body composition by densitometry from simple anthropometric measurements1'2

New equations have been developed to predict body fat (percent BF) calculated from body density m... more New equations have been developed to predict body fat (percent BF) calculated from body density measured by underwater weighing from simple anthropometric measurements, using stepwise-multiple-regression analysis in 63 men and 84 women. Log1() sum of four skinfold thicknesses explained 80.1% (SE = 3.8) of variance of percent BF in men and 76.4% (SE = 4.6) in women. Alternative equations using

Research paper thumbnail of A comparison of body fat estimates using anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis with distinct prediction equations in elderly persons in the Republic of Guatemala

Research paper thumbnail of Functional consequences of iron supplementation in iron- deficient female cotton mill workers in Beijing, China13

Eighty iron-deficient, nonpregnant female workers were randomly assigned to ferrous sulphate (60 ... more Eighty iron-deficient, nonpregnant female workers were randomly assigned to ferrous sulphate (60 or 120 mg Fe/d) or placebo treatment for 12 wk. Energy expenditure was estimated during 3 d by heart rate (HR) recording. Produc- tion efficiency (PE) was calculated as the ratio of productivity to energy expenditure. In the iron-treated group mean hemo- globin (Hb) increased from 114 to

Research paper thumbnail of Bioelectrical impedance analysis—part II: utilization in clinical practice

Research paper thumbnail of The validity of predicted body composition in Chinese adults from anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance in comparison with densitometry

British Journal of Nutrition, 1996

Research paper thumbnail of Human energy metabolism below, near and above energy equilibrium

British Journal of Nutrition, 1984

Research paper thumbnail of Body fat measurement among Singaporean Chinese, Malays and Indians: a comparative study using a four-compartment model and different two-compartment models

British Journal of Nutrition, 2001

Research paper thumbnail of Double burden of undernutrition and overnutrition in Vietnam in 2011: results of the SEANUTS study in 0·5–11-year-old children

British Journal of Nutrition, 2013

The Vietnamese South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS), a cross-sectional study, was undertak... more The Vietnamese South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS), a cross-sectional study, was undertaken to assess the nutritional status in a nationally representative sample of children aged 0·5-11·9 years. A multi-stage cluster-randomised sampling method was used to recruit 2872 children. Anthropometric measurements included weight, height, mid-upper arm circumference, and waist and hip circumferences. Blood biochemistry involved analyses of Hb, serum ferritin, and vitamins A and D. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24 h recall questionnaire, and nutrient intakes were compared with the Vietnamese RDA. In children aged < 5 years, approximately 14% were stunted, 8·6% underweight and 4·4% thin. A higher prevalence of stunting (15·6%) and underweight (22·2%) was observed in school-aged children. Undernutrition was more prevalent in rural areas than in urban areas. In contrast, almost 29% of the urban children were either overweight or obese when compared with 4% of the overweight children and 1·6% of the obese children in rural areas. A higher percentage of children in the age group 0·5-1·9 years and residing in rural areas had low Hb levels than those in the age group 2·0-5·9 years and residing in urban areas. In children aged 6-11 years, a small percentage had low Hb (11-14%) and vitamin A (5-10%) levels, but almost half the children (48-53%) had vitamin D insufficiency. Food consumption data indicated that the children did not meet the RDA for energy, protein, Fe, vitamin A, vitamin B1 and vitamin C. Results from the SEANUTS highlight the double burden of malnutrition in Vietnam. Information from the SEANUTS can serve as an input for targeted policy development, planning and development of nutrition programmes.

Research paper thumbnail of Design of the South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS): a four-country multistage cluster design study

British Journal of Nutrition, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Elevated body fat percentage and cardiovascular risks at low body mass index levels among Singaporean Chinese, Malays and Indians

Research paper thumbnail of Asians are different from Caucasians and from each other in their body mass index/body fat per cent relationship

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative body composition estimates for institutionalized and free-living elderly in metropolitan areas of the republic of Guatemala

Nutrition Research, 1996

Elderly populations from developing countries represent two-thirds of the whole world's ... more Elderly populations from developing countries represent two-thirds of the whole world's elderly population; however very little is known respect their health and nutritional status. Guatemala has a population of almost 10 million inhabitants, and approximately 6% is composed of persons over 60 y. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the nutritional status and the body composition profile

Research paper thumbnail of Multifrequency Impedance in the Assessment of Body Water Losses during Dialysis

Kidney and Blood Pressure Research, 1994

Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance was used to predict changes in body water compartments dur... more Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance was used to predict changes in body water compartments during renal dialysis. Weight loss during dialysis was assumed to be water loss. Predicted total body water (TBW) from impedance after dialysis did not differ significantly from TBW determined by deuterium oxide dilution. However, the predicted change in TBW from bioelectrical impedance largely exceeded the observed weight (water) loss. The predicted change in extracellular water was slightly but significantly lower compared to the observed weight loss. The ratio of impedance at 1-100 kHz increased in all subjects during dialysis, and may be a simple tool to assess body water distribution.