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Conference Presentations by Paul Mackie

THE HEALTH & FITNESS JOURNAL OF CANADA, 2021

Confirmed Mentors: Claire Laurens Borja del Pozo Cruz John Bellettiere Confirmed Mentees: ... more Confirmed Mentors:

Claire Laurens

Borja del Pozo Cruz

John Bellettiere

Confirmed Mentees:

Marco Ariono

Chloe Forte

Carmen Ortega Santos

Julissa Ortiz Brunel

Ana Pinto

Andreia Pizarro

Dylan Power

Shannon Wilson

Jasper Unyime

Papers by Paul Mackie

Background: Interrupting prolonged sitting can acutely lower blood pressure and postprandial gluc... more Background: Interrupting prolonged sitting can acutely lower blood pressure and postprandial glucose responses in overweight adults. However, the dose-response effect in stroke survivors is unknown. Purpose: To investigate different doses of light-intensity standing-based exercises that interrupts prolonged sitting and i) reduces blood pressure immediately and over 24 hours, and ii) attenuates postprandial glucose response in stroke survivors. Methods: Within-participant, laboratory-based, dose-escalation trial. Participants completed three 8-hour conditions: prolonged sitting and two experimental conditions. Experimental conditions involved light-intensity standing-based exercises of increasing frequency (2 × 5 min to 6 × 5 min bouts). Results: Twenty-nine stroke survivors (aged 66 ± 12 years) participated. Frequent bouts of standing-based exercises lowered mean systolic blood pressure following the 4 × 5 min (-2.1 mmHg [95% CI -3.6, -0.6]) and 6 × 5 min condition (-2.3 mmHg [95% C...

Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2021

Background: Interrupting prolonged sitting can attenuate postprandial glucose responses in overwe... more Background: Interrupting prolonged sitting can attenuate postprandial glucose responses in overweight adults. The dose–response effect in stroke survivors is unknown. The authors investigated the effects of interrupting 8 hours of prolonged sitting with increasingly frequent bouts of light-intensity standing-based exercises on the postprandial glucose response in stroke survivors. Methods: Within-participant, laboratory-based, dose-escalation trial. Participants completed three 8-hour conditions: prolonged sitting and 2 experimental conditions. Experimental conditions involved light-intensity standing-based exercises of increasing frequency (2 × 5 min to 6 × 5 min bouts). Postprandial glucose is reported. Results: Twenty-nine stroke survivors (aged 66 y) participated. Interrupting 8 hours of prolonged sitting with light-intensity standing-based exercises every 90 minutes significantly decreased postprandial glucose (positive incremental area under the curve; −1.1 mmol/L·7 h; 95% con...

International Journal of Stroke, 2018

Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 2020

Objectives: Sedentary behaviour research is a relatively new field, much of which has emerged sin... more Objectives: Sedentary behaviour research is a relatively new field, much of which has emerged since the widespread acceptance of clinical trial registration. The aim of this study was to investigate the trial registration and related issues in studies investigating the effect of frequent activity interruptions to prolonged sitting-time. Methods: Secondary analysis of a scoping review including systematic searches of databases and trial registries. We included experimental studies investigating the effects of frequent activity interruptions to prolonged sitting-time.

Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 2019

Understanding daily-exercise effects on energy balance is important. This study examined the effe... more Understanding daily-exercise effects on energy balance is important. This study examined the effects of seven days of imposed exercise (EX) and no exercise (N-EX) on free-living energy intake (EI) and physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) in nine men. Free-living EI was higher in EX compared with N-EX. Total and vigorous PAEE were higher, with PAEE in sedentary activities lower, during EX compared with N-EX. Daily-running (for 7 days) induced EI compensation of ~60% exercise-induced EE. Novelty bullet • Daily running for seven days induced incomplete EI compensation accounting for~60% of the exercise-induced EE.

PLOS ONE, 2019

The objective of this review was to ascertain the scope of the available literature on the effect... more The objective of this review was to ascertain the scope of the available literature on the effects of interrupting prolonged sitting time with frequent bouts of physical activity or standing on stroke and recurrent stroke risk factors. Databases Medline, Embase, AMED, CINAHL and Cochrane library were comprehensively searched from inception until 21 st February 2018. Experimental trials which interrupted sitting time with frequent bouts of physical activity or standing in adults (� 18 years) were included. Comparison to a bout of prolonged sitting and a measure of at least one first or recurrent stroke risk factor was required to be included. Overall, 30 trials (35 articles) were identified to meet the inclusion criteria. Fifteen trials were completed in participants at an increased risk of having a first stroke and one trial in participants at risk of a recurrent stroke. Outcomes of hypertension and dysglycemia were found to be more favourable following predominately light-to moderate-intensity bouts of physical activity or standing compared to sitting in the majority of trials in participants at risk of having a first stroke. In the one trial of stroke survivors, only outcomes of hypertension were significantly improved. These findings are of significant importance taking into consideration hypertension is the leading risk factor for first and recurrent stroke. However, trials primarily focused on measuring outcomes of dysglycemia and without assessing a dose-response effect. Additional research is required on the dose-response effect of interrupting sitting with frequent bouts of physical activity or standing on first and recurrent stroke risk factors, in those high risk population groups.

Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications, 2018

Excessive sitting is detrimentally associated with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality... more Excessive sitting is detrimentally associated with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Frequent breaks in prolonged sitting can improve cardiometabolic responses in non-stroke populations. However, this has not been established in stroke survivors. This study will determine the most effective dose of activity breaks that (i) produce clinically meaningful improvements in mean systolic blood pressure (primary outcome), postprandial glucose, and insulin responses (secondary outcomes), and (ii) is safe and feasible. We hypothesis that systolic blood pressure, postprandial insulin, and glucose responses will improve with increasing doses of activity and be most effective at the maximum safe and feasible dose of activity. Thirty participants in the most effective dose will provide 80% power to detect a within-person, between-condition, difference of 3.5 mmHg in systolic blood pressure assuming a SD of 15 mmHg, within-person correlation of 0.9, and α = 0.05. Stroke survivors will complete 3 experimental conditions in a within-participant, dose escalation design including (i) uninterrupted sitting (8 h), (ii) Dose 1: uninterrupted sitting with bouts of light-intensity exercises while standing (initial dose involves two 5-min breaks), and (iii) Dose 2: two additional 5-min breaks above Dose 1. Ambulatory blood pressure will be collected every 30 min during experimental conditions and hourly for 24-h post-experimental conditions. Blood samples will be collected every 30 min during 2-h postprandial periods. This study will identify the most effective dose of light-intensity exercises while standing to improve cardiometabolic responses in stroke survivors.

Confirmed Mentors: Claire Laurens Borja del Pozo Cruz John Bellettiere Confirmed Mentees: Marco A... more Confirmed Mentors: Claire Laurens Borja del Pozo Cruz John Bellettiere Confirmed Mentees: Marco Ariono Chloe Forte Carmen Ortega Santos Julissa Ortiz Brunel Ana Pinto Andreia Pizarro Dylan Power Shannon Wilson Jasper Unyime Purpose: This satellite session is designed to provide early and mid-career researchers (EMCRs) with an interest in sedentary behaviour with one-on-one mentoring from a senior researcher with aligned expertise. Learning Objectives: The aims of the proposed workshop are to support EMCRs in their career planning and in creating international networks that will results in career development opportunities. Learning objective 1: EMCRs will develop an ongoing professional relationship with their mentor, resulting in continued mentoring, sponsorship and/or research opportunities. Learning objective 2: EMCRs will acquire insights and advice in relation to research leadership. Learning objective 3: EMCRs will receive detailed feedback from their mentor on their submitted ...