Pauline Rafferty - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Pauline Rafferty
While the use of music to accompany moving images is widespread, the information behaviour, commu... more While the use of music to accompany moving images is widespread, the information behaviour, communicative practice and decision making by creative professionals within this area of the music industry is an under-researched area. This investigation discusses the use of music in films and advertising focusing on communication and meaning of the music and introduces a reflexive communication model. The model is discussed in relation to interviews with a sample of music professionals who search for and use music for their work. Key factors in this process include stakeholders, briefs, product knowledge and relevance. Searching by both content and context is important, although the final decision when matching music to picture is partly intuitive and determined by a range of stakeholders.
In this paper, we consider three models of subject indexing, and compare and contrast two indexin... more In this paper, we consider three models of subject indexing, and compare and contrast two indexing approaches, the theoretically based democratic indexing project, and Flickr, a working system for describing photographs. We argue that, despite Shirky’s (2005) claim of philosophical paradigm shifting for social tagging, there is a residing doubt amongst information professionals that self-organising systems can work without there being some element of control and some form of ‘representative authority’ (Wright,
Genre Theory, KO and Fiction
This theoretical paper considers genre as the epistemological foundation for fiction retrieval sy... more This theoretical paper considers genre as the epistemological foundation for fiction retrieval systems, in particular the relationship between the individual work and generic systems. It explores the characteristics of literary genres, and how they are determined, and examines ontological and historical aspects of genre. It considers the relationship between historically contingent generic transformations and literary genre as categorising principle. Finally, it offers some suggestions for future design of fiction KOS.
Managing digital cultural objects
Managing Digital Cultural Objects: Analysis, Discovery and Retrieval
This book explores the analysis and interpretation, discovery and retrieval of a variety of non-t... more This book explores the analysis and interpretation, discovery and retrieval of a variety of non-textual objects, including image, music and moving image. Bringing together chapters written by leading experts in the field, this book provides an overview of the theoretical and academic aspects of digital cultural documentation and the state of the art. Case studies of digitization projects drawn from practitioners within libraries and information organisations showcase both technical and strategic issues relating to cultural heritage projects, digital asset management and sustainability. Key topics covered include: • Semiotics of digital cultural objects: images, music and film • Digital cultural object retrieval: semantic and emotional indexing • Semantic Web, FRBR, intertextuality and cultural objects • Photo retrieval on the web: Flickr, Facebook and other social networking sites • Classical music retrieval on the web • Indie music retrieval on the web: Spotify, social tagging, rec...
Book review: Human Information Retrieval Julian Warner. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2010. 189pp, $35.00. ISBN 9780262013444
Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 2011
and objectives, especially in relation to knowledge sharing. Lewis’s paper discusses another topi... more and objectives, especially in relation to knowledge sharing. Lewis’s paper discusses another topic that is not much discussed in the theoretical or professional literature. This is the question about research data and about libraries serving as archives for research data. The author discusses the multitude of problems connected to this obvious idea. There is a lack of clear national policies and very different institutional policies in academic libraries. There is also the whole question about the interest of the research community and the single individual researcher and how she or he keeps the data. The paper on leadership in the future is a little different from the majority of the other articles. It has no specific references to the academic libraries and it is a presentation more in bullet points than the other papers. The paper sets forward the societal trends. This is followed by 15 predictions about leadership in the future. This is followed by the ‘medicine’. The medicine is the star-cluster model of leadership capabilities. There is not much new in this paper. However, it is a very clear presentation of trends and leadership problems and issues, and the model consists as a matter of fact of an interesting configuration of leadership capabilities. The chapter is probably rather too general in scope, as a discussion of leadership in knowledge organizations like academic libraries would have been even more interesting. The editor also contributes an article. This puts many of the other contributions in perspective focusing on how academic libraries can support and add value to academic learning and research. It is a broad chapter but the many different problems, issues and possible solutions are all well discussed. It is both a very clear summary of many of the ideas put forward in the contributions, and it is also a chapter concerned with staff and the way staff must adapt to the environment. Sue McKnight also discusses socalled wildcards or transformative forces in the academic library setting. Most of the contributions present ideas and problems from UK or Australian academic libraries. This is changed in the final contribution by Robinson. He looks at China and gives an insightful paper on the really fast-changing Chinese educational system and how the academic libraries have transformed themselves in the process. Overall, the book is a very good read and it deserves to be read and discussed by professionals working in libraries and by academics, not to mention students of library and information science. Many of the contributions are thought-provoking and this reviewer has only a few reservations. It would have been nice to see a broader geographical coverage: for example to discuss whether social technologies or media are used differently in different parts of the world by the so-called digital natives. The reviewer also wonders if traditional use patterns and conservative perceptions of what constitute a library are underemphasised. Human Information Retrieval Julian Warner. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2010. 189pp, $35.00. ISBN 9780262013444
Journal of Documentation, Jul 28, 2014
Purpose-This conceptual paper considers the possibility of designing a story-based image indexing... more Purpose-This conceptual paper considers the possibility of designing a story-based image indexing system based on users' descriptions of images. It reports a pilot study which uses users' descriptions of two images. Design/methodology/approach-Eight interviews were undertaken to investigate storytelling in user interpretations of the images. Following this, storytelling was explored as an indexing input method. Twenty-six research subjects were asked to create stories about the images, which were then considered in relation to conventional story elements and in relation to Rafferty and Hidderley's 2005 image modality model. Findings-The results of the semi-structured interviews revealed that the majority of interpretations incorporated story elements related to setting, character, plot, literary devices, and themes. The fifty-two image stories included story elements identified in the first part of the project, and suggested that the image modality model is robust enough to deal with the 'writerly' images used in this study. In addition, using storytelling as an input method encourages the use of verbs and connotative level responses. Originality/value-User indexing is generally based on paradigmatic approaches to concept analysis and interpretation in the form of tagging; the novelty of the current study is its exploration of syntagmatic approaches to user indexing in the form of story-telling. It is a pilot, proof of concept study, but it is hoped that it might stimulate further interest in syntagmatic approaches to user indexing.
Indexing multimedia and creative works: the problems of meaning and interpretation
ASHGATE the problems of meaning and interpretation pauline rafferty and rob hidderley ... Rob Hid... more ASHGATE the problems of meaning and interpretation pauline rafferty and rob hidderley ... Rob Hidderley Rob .Hiddertey worked 'in indus;' - 35 KIE nation .:id database manage--o His interest in the problems of scaring and rCinewng rmirtimecfia 'information A -member of the British ...
Indexing multimedia and creative works: the problems of meaning and interpretation
ASHGATE the problems of meaning and interpretation pauline rafferty and rob hidderley ... Rob Hid... more ASHGATE the problems of meaning and interpretation pauline rafferty and rob hidderley ... Rob Hidderley Rob .Hiddertey worked 'in indus;' - 35 KIE nation .:id database manage--o His interest in the problems of scaring and rCinewng rmirtimecfia 'information A -member of the British ...
EG and G Idaho's response to a request for a graphic data base support package
Astronomy Classification: Towards a Faceted Classification Scheme
KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION
Disrupting the Metanarrative: A Little History of Image Indexing and Retrieval
KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION
Democratic Indexing: An approach to the retrieval of Fiction
Information Services & Use
A tale of two images: the quest to create a story-based image indexing system
Journal of Documentation, 2014
Purpose – The purpose of this conceptual paper is to consider the possibility of designing a stor... more Purpose – The purpose of this conceptual paper is to consider the possibility of designing a story-based image indexing system based on users’ descriptions of images. It reports a pilot study which uses users’ descriptions of two images. Design/methodology/approach – Eight interviews were undertaken to investigate storytelling in user interpretations of the images. Following this, storytelling was explored as an indexing input method. In all, 26 research subjects were asked to create stories about the images, which were then considered in relation to conventional story elements and in relation to Hidderley and Rafferty's (2005) image modality model. Findings – The results of the semi-structured interviews revealed that the majority of interpretations incorporated story elements related to setting, character, plot, literary devices, and themes. The 52 image stories included story elements identified in the first part of the project, and suggested that the image modality model is ...
Replicate, Modify, Challenge
International Journal of the Book, 2009
Epsitemology, literary genre and knowledge organization systems
Ransom, N. and Rafferty, P. (2011) ‘Facets of User-Assigned Tags and Their Effectiveness in Image Retrieval’
Epistemology, literary genre and knowledge organisation systems
Informative Tagging of Images: The Importance of Modality in Interpretation in New Perspectives for the Organization and Dissemination of Knowledge
Nuevas Perspectivas Para La Difusion Y Organizacion Del Conocimiento Actas Del Congreso Vol 1 2009 Isbn 978 84 8363 397 7 Pags 488 498, 2009
While the use of music to accompany moving images is widespread, the information behaviour, commu... more While the use of music to accompany moving images is widespread, the information behaviour, communicative practice and decision making by creative professionals within this area of the music industry is an under-researched area. This investigation discusses the use of music in films and advertising focusing on communication and meaning of the music and introduces a reflexive communication model. The model is discussed in relation to interviews with a sample of music professionals who search for and use music for their work. Key factors in this process include stakeholders, briefs, product knowledge and relevance. Searching by both content and context is important, although the final decision when matching music to picture is partly intuitive and determined by a range of stakeholders.
In this paper, we consider three models of subject indexing, and compare and contrast two indexin... more In this paper, we consider three models of subject indexing, and compare and contrast two indexing approaches, the theoretically based democratic indexing project, and Flickr, a working system for describing photographs. We argue that, despite Shirky’s (2005) claim of philosophical paradigm shifting for social tagging, there is a residing doubt amongst information professionals that self-organising systems can work without there being some element of control and some form of ‘representative authority’ (Wright,
Genre Theory, KO and Fiction
This theoretical paper considers genre as the epistemological foundation for fiction retrieval sy... more This theoretical paper considers genre as the epistemological foundation for fiction retrieval systems, in particular the relationship between the individual work and generic systems. It explores the characteristics of literary genres, and how they are determined, and examines ontological and historical aspects of genre. It considers the relationship between historically contingent generic transformations and literary genre as categorising principle. Finally, it offers some suggestions for future design of fiction KOS.
Managing digital cultural objects
Managing Digital Cultural Objects: Analysis, Discovery and Retrieval
This book explores the analysis and interpretation, discovery and retrieval of a variety of non-t... more This book explores the analysis and interpretation, discovery and retrieval of a variety of non-textual objects, including image, music and moving image. Bringing together chapters written by leading experts in the field, this book provides an overview of the theoretical and academic aspects of digital cultural documentation and the state of the art. Case studies of digitization projects drawn from practitioners within libraries and information organisations showcase both technical and strategic issues relating to cultural heritage projects, digital asset management and sustainability. Key topics covered include: • Semiotics of digital cultural objects: images, music and film • Digital cultural object retrieval: semantic and emotional indexing • Semantic Web, FRBR, intertextuality and cultural objects • Photo retrieval on the web: Flickr, Facebook and other social networking sites • Classical music retrieval on the web • Indie music retrieval on the web: Spotify, social tagging, rec...
Book review: Human Information Retrieval Julian Warner. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2010. 189pp, $35.00. ISBN 9780262013444
Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 2011
and objectives, especially in relation to knowledge sharing. Lewis’s paper discusses another topi... more and objectives, especially in relation to knowledge sharing. Lewis’s paper discusses another topic that is not much discussed in the theoretical or professional literature. This is the question about research data and about libraries serving as archives for research data. The author discusses the multitude of problems connected to this obvious idea. There is a lack of clear national policies and very different institutional policies in academic libraries. There is also the whole question about the interest of the research community and the single individual researcher and how she or he keeps the data. The paper on leadership in the future is a little different from the majority of the other articles. It has no specific references to the academic libraries and it is a presentation more in bullet points than the other papers. The paper sets forward the societal trends. This is followed by 15 predictions about leadership in the future. This is followed by the ‘medicine’. The medicine is the star-cluster model of leadership capabilities. There is not much new in this paper. However, it is a very clear presentation of trends and leadership problems and issues, and the model consists as a matter of fact of an interesting configuration of leadership capabilities. The chapter is probably rather too general in scope, as a discussion of leadership in knowledge organizations like academic libraries would have been even more interesting. The editor also contributes an article. This puts many of the other contributions in perspective focusing on how academic libraries can support and add value to academic learning and research. It is a broad chapter but the many different problems, issues and possible solutions are all well discussed. It is both a very clear summary of many of the ideas put forward in the contributions, and it is also a chapter concerned with staff and the way staff must adapt to the environment. Sue McKnight also discusses socalled wildcards or transformative forces in the academic library setting. Most of the contributions present ideas and problems from UK or Australian academic libraries. This is changed in the final contribution by Robinson. He looks at China and gives an insightful paper on the really fast-changing Chinese educational system and how the academic libraries have transformed themselves in the process. Overall, the book is a very good read and it deserves to be read and discussed by professionals working in libraries and by academics, not to mention students of library and information science. Many of the contributions are thought-provoking and this reviewer has only a few reservations. It would have been nice to see a broader geographical coverage: for example to discuss whether social technologies or media are used differently in different parts of the world by the so-called digital natives. The reviewer also wonders if traditional use patterns and conservative perceptions of what constitute a library are underemphasised. Human Information Retrieval Julian Warner. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2010. 189pp, $35.00. ISBN 9780262013444
Journal of Documentation, Jul 28, 2014
Purpose-This conceptual paper considers the possibility of designing a story-based image indexing... more Purpose-This conceptual paper considers the possibility of designing a story-based image indexing system based on users' descriptions of images. It reports a pilot study which uses users' descriptions of two images. Design/methodology/approach-Eight interviews were undertaken to investigate storytelling in user interpretations of the images. Following this, storytelling was explored as an indexing input method. Twenty-six research subjects were asked to create stories about the images, which were then considered in relation to conventional story elements and in relation to Rafferty and Hidderley's 2005 image modality model. Findings-The results of the semi-structured interviews revealed that the majority of interpretations incorporated story elements related to setting, character, plot, literary devices, and themes. The fifty-two image stories included story elements identified in the first part of the project, and suggested that the image modality model is robust enough to deal with the 'writerly' images used in this study. In addition, using storytelling as an input method encourages the use of verbs and connotative level responses. Originality/value-User indexing is generally based on paradigmatic approaches to concept analysis and interpretation in the form of tagging; the novelty of the current study is its exploration of syntagmatic approaches to user indexing in the form of story-telling. It is a pilot, proof of concept study, but it is hoped that it might stimulate further interest in syntagmatic approaches to user indexing.
Indexing multimedia and creative works: the problems of meaning and interpretation
ASHGATE the problems of meaning and interpretation pauline rafferty and rob hidderley ... Rob Hid... more ASHGATE the problems of meaning and interpretation pauline rafferty and rob hidderley ... Rob Hidderley Rob .Hiddertey worked 'in indus;' - 35 KIE nation .:id database manage--o His interest in the problems of scaring and rCinewng rmirtimecfia 'information A -member of the British ...
Indexing multimedia and creative works: the problems of meaning and interpretation
ASHGATE the problems of meaning and interpretation pauline rafferty and rob hidderley ... Rob Hid... more ASHGATE the problems of meaning and interpretation pauline rafferty and rob hidderley ... Rob Hidderley Rob .Hiddertey worked 'in indus;' - 35 KIE nation .:id database manage--o His interest in the problems of scaring and rCinewng rmirtimecfia 'information A -member of the British ...
EG and G Idaho's response to a request for a graphic data base support package
Astronomy Classification: Towards a Faceted Classification Scheme
KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION
Disrupting the Metanarrative: A Little History of Image Indexing and Retrieval
KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION
Democratic Indexing: An approach to the retrieval of Fiction
Information Services & Use
A tale of two images: the quest to create a story-based image indexing system
Journal of Documentation, 2014
Purpose – The purpose of this conceptual paper is to consider the possibility of designing a stor... more Purpose – The purpose of this conceptual paper is to consider the possibility of designing a story-based image indexing system based on users’ descriptions of images. It reports a pilot study which uses users’ descriptions of two images. Design/methodology/approach – Eight interviews were undertaken to investigate storytelling in user interpretations of the images. Following this, storytelling was explored as an indexing input method. In all, 26 research subjects were asked to create stories about the images, which were then considered in relation to conventional story elements and in relation to Hidderley and Rafferty's (2005) image modality model. Findings – The results of the semi-structured interviews revealed that the majority of interpretations incorporated story elements related to setting, character, plot, literary devices, and themes. The 52 image stories included story elements identified in the first part of the project, and suggested that the image modality model is ...
Replicate, Modify, Challenge
International Journal of the Book, 2009
Epsitemology, literary genre and knowledge organization systems
Ransom, N. and Rafferty, P. (2011) ‘Facets of User-Assigned Tags and Their Effectiveness in Image Retrieval’
Epistemology, literary genre and knowledge organisation systems
Informative Tagging of Images: The Importance of Modality in Interpretation in New Perspectives for the Organization and Dissemination of Knowledge
Nuevas Perspectivas Para La Difusion Y Organizacion Del Conocimiento Actas Del Congreso Vol 1 2009 Isbn 978 84 8363 397 7 Pags 488 498, 2009