Paweł Sowiński - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Paweł Sowiński

Plant Molecular Biology, Mar 13, 2014

difference between the responses of the two lines to cold was the induction of expression of ca. ... more difference between the responses of the two lines to cold was the induction of expression of ca. twenty genes encoding membrane/cell wall proteins exclusively in the coldtolerant ETH-DH7 line. The common response comprised mainly repression of numerous genes related to photosynthesis and induction of genes related to basic biological activity: transcription, regulation of gene expression, protein phosphorylation, cell wall organization. Among the genes showing differential response, several were close to the QTL regions identified in earlier studies with the same inbred lines and associated with biometrical, physiological or biochemical parameters. These transcripts, including two apparently non-protein-coding ones, are particularly attractive candidates for future studies on mechanisms determining divergent cold-tolerance of inbred maize lines.

Environmental and Experimental Botany, Oct 1, 2003

The frequency of plasmodesmata at the cell interfaces important for C4 photosynthesis was studied... more The frequency of plasmodesmata at the cell interfaces important for C4 photosynthesis was studied in two inbred lines of maize, KW 1074 (flint, chilling-tolerant) and CM 109 (dent, chilling-sensitive), grown until the third leaf stage at sub-optimal temperature (14/12 8C) in relation to the photosynthesis and assimilate export. The number of plasmodesmata linking mesophyll and bundle sheath as well as bundle sheath and parenchyma cells in the third leaf increased in both lines compared to control leaves at the same physiological stage grown at the optimal temperature (24/ 22 8C). The number of plasmodesmata on the mesophyll Á/bundle sheath interface increased relatively more in the KW 1074 line than in CM 109. At the sub-optimal temperature, there was also an increase in the plasmodesmata frequency between vascular parenchyma cells, but only in KW 1074 the differences were statistically significant. Plants of both lines grown at low temperature exhibited a decrease of F PSII. However, the light response curve of F PSII as well as the gas exchange rate in leaves of plants grown at sub-optimal temperature showed values higher in the KW 1074 than in the CM 109 line. KW 1074 seedlings also showed shorter the time interval between 14 C incorporation into a leaf and 14 C-assimilate appearance in the transport path. The genotypic difference in the photosynthetic competence of plants grown at sub-optimal temperatures might thus be related to the ability to increase the number of plasmodesmata at the interfaces between mesophyll, bundle sheath, and parenchyma cells. Such an increase in plasmodesmata density enable more efficient exchange of photosynthetic metabolites as well as export of sucrose at the temperatures which slow down the diffusion from cell to cell.

Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin

Znaczenie kukurydzy wzrasta w ostatnich latach, o czym decyduje głównie łatwość jej uprawy, wysok... more Znaczenie kukurydzy wzrasta w ostatnich latach, o czym decyduje głównie łatwość jej uprawy, wysokie plonowanie oraz wszechstronność zastosowań tego gatunku. Wiąże się to ze wzrostem areału upraw tej rośliny. Ze względu na pochodzenie, uprawa kukurydzy w strefie klimatu umiarkowanego wiąże się z uzyskaniem materiałów hodowlanych przystosowanych do szeregu czynników abiotycznych, takich jak odmienny fotoperiod, okresowe susze i niska temperatura. Molekularne podłoże adaptacji kukurydzy do omawianych czynników jest słabo poznane. Wypełnienie tej luki jest warunkiem dalszego postępu hodowlanego, szczególnie w obliczu przewidywanych zmian klimatu.

Frontiers in Plant Science, Sep 29, 2020

Maize is a cold-sensitive plant whose physiological reactions to sub-optimal temperatures are wel... more Maize is a cold-sensitive plant whose physiological reactions to sub-optimal temperatures are well understood, but their molecular foundations are only beginning to be deciphered. In an attempt to identify key genes involved in these reactions, we surveyed several independent transcriptomic studies addressing the response of juvenile maize to moderate or severe cold. Among the tens of thousands of genes found to change expression upon cold treatment less than 500 were reported in more than one study, indicating an astonishing variability of the expression changes, likely depending on the experimental design and plant material used. Nearly all these "common" genes were specific to either moderate or to severe cold and formed distinct interaction networks, indicating fundamentally different responses. Moreover, down-regulation of gene expression dominated strongly in moderate cold and up-regulation prevailed in severe cold. Very few of these genes have ever been mentioned in the literature as cold-stressrelated, indicating that most response pathways remain poorly known at the molecular level. We posit that the genes identified by the present analysis are attractive candidates for further functional studies and their arrangement in complex interaction networks indicates that a re-interpretation of the present state of knowledge on the maize coldresponse is justified.

PLOS ONE, Aug 17, 2011

Background: Numerous biochemical and physiological parameters of living organisms follow a circad... more Background: Numerous biochemical and physiological parameters of living organisms follow a circadian rhythm. Although such rhythmic behavior is particularly pronounced in plants, which are strictly dependent on the daily photoperiod, data on the molecular aspects of the diurnal cycle in plants is scarce and mostly concerns the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. Here we studied the leaf transcriptome in seedlings of maize, an important C4 crop only distantly related to A. thaliana, throughout a cycle of 10 h darkness and 14 h light to look for rhythmic patterns of gene expression. Results: Using DNA microarrays comprising ca. 43,000 maize-specific probes we found that ca. 12% of all genes showed clear-cut diel rhythms of expression. Cluster analysis identified 35 groups containing from four to ca. 1,000 genes, each comprising genes of similar expression patterns. Perhaps unexpectedly, the most pronounced and most common (concerning the highest number of genes) expression maxima were observed towards and during the dark phase. Using Gene Ontology classification several meaningful functional associations were found among genes showing similar diel expression patterns, including massive induction of expression of genes related to gene expression, translation, protein modification and folding at dusk and night. Additionally, we found a clear-cut tendency among genes belonging to individual clusters to share defined transcription factor-binding sequences. Conclusions: Co-expressed genes belonging to individual clusters are likely to be regulated by common mechanisms. The nocturnal phase of the diurnal cycle involves gross induction of fundamental biochemical processes and should be studied more thoroughly than was appreciated in most earlier physiological studies. Although some general mechanisms responsible for the diel regulation of gene expression might be shared among plants, details of the diurnal regulation of gene expression seem to differ between taxa.

Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 2020

Maize is a subtropical, cold-sensitive species. However, some varieties of this species have the ... more Maize is a subtropical, cold-sensitive species. However, some varieties of this species have the potential to withstand long-term low temperatures, even at the seedling stage. The molecular basis of this phenomenon has not been determined. In a chromatin-level study, we compared the cold-stress reaction of seedlings of two maize inbred lines showing contrasting levels of cold sensitivity. The cold-tolerant line was selected based on field data and previous physiological and transcriptomic level studies. The first condition of gene expression—chromatin accessibility—was assessed by formaldehyde-aided isolation of regulatory elements method and DNA sequencing. Potentially expressed genes and cis-regulatory sequences open for interaction with transcription factors have been defined. The results of this study suggest that during cold stress, the tolerant maize line shifted resources from growth to defense. This shift was shown by potential hormone-level events—degradation of growth-prom...

Journal of Experimental Botany, 1998

root growth, vertical soil temperature gradients, Zea mays L. Even moderate chilling temperatures... more root growth, vertical soil temperature gradients, Zea mays L. Even moderate chilling temperatures may cause important modifications in assimilate movement in maize seedlings from the shoot to the roots, but there

BMC Research Notes, 2011

Background: The present study represents a genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of the response of... more Background: The present study represents a genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of the response of the model streptomycete Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) M145 to fermentor culture in Modified Evans Media limited, respectively, for nitrogen, phosphate and carbon undertaken as part of the ActinoGEN consortium to provide a publicly available reference microarray dataset. Findings: A microarray dataset using samples from two replicate cultures for each nutrient limitation was generated. In this report our analysis has focused on the genes which are significantly differentially expressed, as determined by Rank Products Analysis, between samples from matched time points correlated by growth phase for the three pairs of differently limited culture datasets. With a few exceptions, genes are only significantly differentially expressed between the N6/N7 time points and their corresponding time points in the C and P-limited cultures, with the vast majority of the differentially expressed genes being more highly expressed in the N-limited cultures. Our analysis of these genes indicated expression of several members of the GlnR regulon are induced upon nitrogen limitation, as assayed for by [NH 4 + ] measurements, and we are able to identify several additional genes not present in the GlnR regulon whose expression is induced in response to nitrogen limitation. We also note SCO3327 which encodes a small protein (32 amino acid residues) unusually rich in the basic amino acids lysine (31.25%) and arginine (25%) is significantly differentially expressed in the nitrogen limited cultures. Additionally, we investigate the expression of known members of the GlnR regulon and the relationship between gene organization and expression for the SCO2486-SCO2487 and SCO5583-SCO5585 operons. Conclusions: We provide a list of genes whose expression is differentially expressed in low nitrogen culture conditions, including a putative nitrogen storage protein encoded by SCO3327. Our list includes several genes whose expression patterns are similar to up-regulated members of the GlnR regulon and are induced in response to nitrogen limitation. These genes represent likely targets for future studies into the nitrogen starvation response in Streptomyces coelicolor.

BMC Genomics, Feb 20, 2016

Background: Recent progress in selective breeding of maize (Zea mays L.) towards adaptation to te... more Background: Recent progress in selective breeding of maize (Zea mays L.) towards adaptation to temperate climate has allowed the production of inbred lines withstanding cold springs with temperatures below 8°C or even close to 0°C, indicating that despite its tropical origins maize is not inherently cold-sensitive. Results: Here we studied the acclimatory response of three maize inbred lines of contrasting cold-sensitivity selected basing on multi-year routine field data. The field observations were confirmed in the growth chamber. Under controlled conditions the damage to the photosynthetic apparatus due to severe cold treatment was the least in the cold-tolerant line provided that it had been subjected to prior moderate chilling, i.e., acclimation. The cold-sensitive lines performed equally poorly with or without acclimation. To uncover the molecular basis of the attained coldacclimatability we performed comparative transcriptome profiling of the response of the lines to the cold during acclimation phase by means of microarrays with a statistical and bioinformatic data analysis. Conclusions: The analyses indicated three mechanisms likely responsible for the cold-tolerance: acclimationdependent modification of the photosynthetic apparatus, cell wall properties, and developmental processes. Those conclusions supported the observed acclimation of photosynthesis to severe cold at moderate chilling and were further confirmed by experimentally showing specific modification of cell wall properties and repression of selected miRNA species, general regulators of development, in the cold-tolerant line subjected to cold stress.

Journal of Experimental Botany, 2008

C 4 photosynthesis involves cell-to-cell exchange of photosynthetic intermediates between the Kra... more C 4 photosynthesis involves cell-to-cell exchange of photosynthetic intermediates between the Kranz mesophyll (KMS) and bundle sheath (BS) cells. This was believed to occur by simple diffusion through plentiful plasmodesmatal (PD) connections between these cell types. The model of C 4 intermediates' transport was elaborated over 30 years ago and was based on experimental data derived from measurements at the time. The model assumed that plasmodesmata occupied about 3% of the interface between the KMS and BS cells and that the plasmodesmata structure did not restrict metabolite movement. Recent advances in the knowledge of plasmodesmatal structure put these assumptions into doubt, so a new model is presented here taking the new anatomical details into account. If one assumes simple diffusion as the sole driving force, then calculations based on the experimental data obtained for C 4 grasses show that the gradients expected of C 4 intermediates between KMS and BS cells are about three orders of magnitude higher than experimentally estimated. In addition, if one takes into account that the plasmodesmata microchannel diameter might constrict the movement of C 4 intermediates of comparable Stokes' radii, the differences in concentration of photosynthetic intermediates between KMS and BS cells should be further increased. We believe that simple diffusion-driven transport of C 4 intermediates between KMS and BS cells through the plasmodesmatal microchannels is not adequate to explain the C 4 metabolite exchange during C 4 photosynthesis. Alternative mechanisms are proposed, involving the participation of desmotubule and/or active mechanisms as either apoplasmic or vesicular transport.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 1998

The system consisting of a few proportional detectors with appropriate electronic components was ... more The system consisting of a few proportional detectors with appropriate electronic components was earlier developed for in vivo studies of long distance transport in whole maize seedlings. 14CO2 assimilation rate (Pa), time of radioactivity appearing in the loading region (AT), transport speed in the leaf (TSl), transport speed between the leaf and the roots (TSr), the maximum radioactivity values detected

Trace Elements as Contaminants and Nutrients

Symplasmic Transport in Vascular Plants, 2013

Symplasmic transport is possible in organisms of plants, fungi, and even in animals and some prok... more Symplasmic transport is possible in organisms of plants, fungi, and even in animals and some prokaryotes, where cell-to-cell protoplasmic junctions are present. However, a spectacular evolution of the symplasm was limited to plants, where highly efficient long-distance transport occurring inside the cells is responsible for the spread of molecules of different nature along the plant body of length up to tens of meters. Several aspects of symplasmic transport are considered in this chapter. A short review of the history of this research is presented with particular attention to old but still inspiring ideas and unanswered questions. Ultrastructure, phylogeny, and ontogeny of the symplasm as well as different mechanisms that allow symplasmic transport (diffusion, cytoplasmic streaming, and mass flow) are discussed thoroughly. Examples of tissues where symplasmic transport covers the distance of several or even more cells without participation of sieve tubes are also discussed, besides the strictly local cell-to-cell symplasmic transport and long-distance transport in phloem.

Gene Ontology categories of GO class "Biological Process" significantly over-represente... more Gene Ontology categories of GO class "Biological Process" significantly over-represented among transcripts up-regulated by cold treatment in S68911 inbred line. (PDF 247 kb)

Gene Ontology categories of GO class "Biological Process" significantly over-represente... more Gene Ontology categories of GO class "Biological Process" significantly over-represented among transcripts down-regulated by cold treatment in S68911 inbred line. (PDF 223 kb)

Gene Ontology categories of GO class "Molecular Function" significantly over-represente... more Gene Ontology categories of GO class "Molecular Function" significantly over-represented among transcripts down-regulated by cold treatment in S50676 inbred line. (PDF 233 kb)

Gene Ontology categories of GO class "Cellular Component" significantly over-represente... more Gene Ontology categories of GO class "Cellular Component" significantly over-represented among transcripts up-regulated by cold treatment in S68911 inbred line. (PDF 181 kb)