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Papers by Richard Pennell
Revisiting the Colonial Past in Morocco, 2013
The National Centre of Excellence for Islamic Studies aims to advance the knowledge and understan... more The National Centre of Excellence for Islamic Studies aims to advance the knowledge and understanding of the rich traditions and modern complexities of Islam, and to profile Australia's strengths in the field of Islamic studies. The Centre's activities will focus on issues of significance and relevance to Islam and Muslims in the contemporary period with a special focus on Australia. The Centre's courses aim to provide a knowledge and skill foundation for students aspiring to religious and community leadership roles in Australia and will provide opportunities for professional development in relevant areas. Asia Institute (AI) The Asia Institute is The University of Melbourne's key centre for studies in Asian languages, cultures and societies. Asia Institute academic staff have an array of research interests and specialisations, and strive to provide leadership in the study of the intellectual, legal, politico-economic, cultural and religious traditions and transforma...
У статті розглянуто питання впровадження дистанційної освіти для здобуття кваліфікації магістра м... more У статті розглянуто питання впровадження дистанційної освіти для здобуття кваліфікації магістра медсестринства в Тернопільському державному медичному університеті імені І. Я. Горбачевського як один із елементів у реформуванні системи медичної освіти в Україні. The article describes main points of distant education implementation for reaching Master degree in Nursing in I. Ya. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University as an element of medical educational reformation in Ukraine.
Review of Middle East Studies, 2017
Teaching modern Middle East history at the University of Melbourne raises problems of culture. St... more Teaching modern Middle East history at the University of Melbourne raises problems of culture. Students are not generally acquainted with the Middle East and North Africa—even those whose families originate there—news coverage is patchy, and Australia is far away. Not all students are even arts students let alone history majors: our degree structure requires interdisciplinary study. The University is liberal about how to assess students, only requiring that during a twelve-week semester subject a student must write 4000 words. Within broad bounds, how teachers do this is up to them, although the Arts Faculty has a culture of avoiding unseen examinations. History major students are very accustomed to the “traditional” researched essay format, but it does not provide much variety of intellectual training; it is unfamiliar to non-Arts students; in classes that regularly number over 100 students, it is tiring and boring to assess; and large numbers of essays are freely available online....
The Journal of North African Studies, 2016
Revue D Histoire Maghrebine, 1982
La Aventura De La Historia, 2001
Islamic Law and Society, 2015
Paolo Xuereb, a Maltese migrant in Tunis in the mid nineteenth century, was tried for murder in t... more Paolo Xuereb, a Maltese migrant in Tunis in the mid nineteenth century, was tried for murder in the court of the Bey of Tunis. Two contemporary documents describing the trial exist. One is a translated (into English) “transcript” made by the US consulate, the other is an Arabic statement of the verdict and sentence validated by some of the principal Islamic legal authorities of the Beylicate. The article compares these two documents and finds that where their focusses coincide they are nearly identical in content. But the differences between the documents are striking: one is an account of the course of the trial, the other a statement of its legalities and conclusions. This rare coincidence of documentation is used to tease out the implications for historians of how testimony given orally at a criminal trial in an Islamic environment is changed and transmitted when it is recorded in written form.
The Journal of African History, 1991
International Journal of Maritime History, 2000
vastly superior ships maintained as a "fleet in being" on the China coast, resulting in... more vastly superior ships maintained as a "fleet in being" on the China coast, resulting in a profound crisis for China. Even then, the collapse oftraditional Chinese "sea power" that ensued was by no means absolute since China made a serious attempt to counter the Western imperialists on their own terms with a new steel and iron-clad navy that proved capable of inflicting real losses on Japanese aggressors at the end of the nineteenth century. In his conclusion Deng considers the reasons for the ultimate Chinese collapse in the face of Western expansion "what went wrong" in China. The answer, to him, is simple: it was China's failure to develop anything like the mercantilism of the Western powers and, most important in his view, the failure of the highly ineffective Chinese state to direct its naval power consciously as an instrument of national influence in the manner of France or Britain. This is an excellent and wide-ranging book that should be read by anyone interested in the many topics discussed. Its scholarship is prodigious and well-based and is presented with clarity and focus. Deng has doubtless provided a departure point for all future research in this area.
International Journal of Maritime History, 2005
International Journal of Maritime History, 2006
Five chapters on the mid-seventeenth century have nothing to do with piracy in Newfoundland. De R... more Five chapters on the mid-seventeenth century have nothing to do with piracy in Newfoundland. De Ruyter's attack on Ferryland in 1652 and the Dutch raids in 1673 were not acts of piracy. The same problem arises in Crummey's discussion of the Nine Years' War (1689-97) and the War of the Spanish Succession (1702-13), when English and French communities raided each other repeatedly. The most devastating were carried out by the French, especially in the winter of 1696-97, when Pierre LeMoyne D'Iberville terrorized the English Shore. Placentia also served as a base for privateers, which combined with French warships to carry out a form of commercial-military warfare. Crummey has more than a dozen chapters on this period, but they contain very little on piracy. Ironically, Crummey says nothing on the most serious "piracy" problem to face the Newfoundland trade in this period, namely the corsairs of North Africa. They terrorized Newfoundland fishermen the most, intercepting English vessels in and near the Straits of Gibraltar as they delivered cod to markets in Portugal, Spain and the Mediterranean. As a result, hundreds of West Countrymen were killed or sold into slavery. Crummey has produced a series of case studies that will entertain a general audience. He brings many colourful figures to life, from Bernard Drake and Peter Easton to Bartholomew Roberts, the pirate captain known as Black Bart. The Treaty of Utrecht ended decades of Anglo-French warfare in 1713, and the Royal Navy was demobilized on a massive scale. Many unemployed seafarers turned pirate. It was in this context that Black Bart arrived in Trepassey in 1720, using the South Avalon as a base from which to pillage shipping, finding a suitable flagship, and replenishing provisions and manpower. Yet PiratesofNewfoundland suffers from a lack offocus and more thorough research. Readers would also have benefited from an index and bibliography. Crummey writes with passion and he enlivens a fascinating subject his book will probably generate further interest in Newfoundland's early history but he offers little real insight into its subject.
European History Quarterly, 1995
European History Quarterly, 1982
more seriously, at least 10,000 men were killed. As a result the government in Madrid fell, and a... more more seriously, at least 10,000 men were killed. As a result the government in Madrid fell, and a commission was set up to examine who was responsible for the defeats. The commission’s report was never debated by the Cortes’ because of Primo de Rivera’s coup in 1923, but since then an enormous amount has appeared in print concerning Spain’s involvement in Morocco, much of it highly critical. This criticism has been directed either towards the central government in Madrid, or towards the Army, or sometimes towards both. Military officers, and others involved in the imposition and maintenance of the Protectorate,2 have attacked the Madrid governments between 1912 and 1922 for a lack of will in pursuing the occupation of the Moroccan Protectorate, a lack of will caused and compounded by the economic difficulties and the opposition of the Spanish left to any involvement in North Africa. This, it is claimed, so weakened the Army and inhibited its military action that it was unable to deal with Moroccan opposition as it arose, thereby leading to the defeats of 1921. On the other hand, certain left-wing commentators have criticized the whole Spanish involvement in Morocco, and particularly the links between Spanish capitalists and the Africanista movement.3 Other more
Revisiting the Colonial Past in Morocco, 2013
The National Centre of Excellence for Islamic Studies aims to advance the knowledge and understan... more The National Centre of Excellence for Islamic Studies aims to advance the knowledge and understanding of the rich traditions and modern complexities of Islam, and to profile Australia's strengths in the field of Islamic studies. The Centre's activities will focus on issues of significance and relevance to Islam and Muslims in the contemporary period with a special focus on Australia. The Centre's courses aim to provide a knowledge and skill foundation for students aspiring to religious and community leadership roles in Australia and will provide opportunities for professional development in relevant areas. Asia Institute (AI) The Asia Institute is The University of Melbourne's key centre for studies in Asian languages, cultures and societies. Asia Institute academic staff have an array of research interests and specialisations, and strive to provide leadership in the study of the intellectual, legal, politico-economic, cultural and religious traditions and transforma...
У статті розглянуто питання впровадження дистанційної освіти для здобуття кваліфікації магістра м... more У статті розглянуто питання впровадження дистанційної освіти для здобуття кваліфікації магістра медсестринства в Тернопільському державному медичному університеті імені І. Я. Горбачевського як один із елементів у реформуванні системи медичної освіти в Україні. The article describes main points of distant education implementation for reaching Master degree in Nursing in I. Ya. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University as an element of medical educational reformation in Ukraine.
Review of Middle East Studies, 2017
Teaching modern Middle East history at the University of Melbourne raises problems of culture. St... more Teaching modern Middle East history at the University of Melbourne raises problems of culture. Students are not generally acquainted with the Middle East and North Africa—even those whose families originate there—news coverage is patchy, and Australia is far away. Not all students are even arts students let alone history majors: our degree structure requires interdisciplinary study. The University is liberal about how to assess students, only requiring that during a twelve-week semester subject a student must write 4000 words. Within broad bounds, how teachers do this is up to them, although the Arts Faculty has a culture of avoiding unseen examinations. History major students are very accustomed to the “traditional” researched essay format, but it does not provide much variety of intellectual training; it is unfamiliar to non-Arts students; in classes that regularly number over 100 students, it is tiring and boring to assess; and large numbers of essays are freely available online....
The Journal of North African Studies, 2016
Revue D Histoire Maghrebine, 1982
La Aventura De La Historia, 2001
Islamic Law and Society, 2015
Paolo Xuereb, a Maltese migrant in Tunis in the mid nineteenth century, was tried for murder in t... more Paolo Xuereb, a Maltese migrant in Tunis in the mid nineteenth century, was tried for murder in the court of the Bey of Tunis. Two contemporary documents describing the trial exist. One is a translated (into English) “transcript” made by the US consulate, the other is an Arabic statement of the verdict and sentence validated by some of the principal Islamic legal authorities of the Beylicate. The article compares these two documents and finds that where their focusses coincide they are nearly identical in content. But the differences between the documents are striking: one is an account of the course of the trial, the other a statement of its legalities and conclusions. This rare coincidence of documentation is used to tease out the implications for historians of how testimony given orally at a criminal trial in an Islamic environment is changed and transmitted when it is recorded in written form.
The Journal of African History, 1991
International Journal of Maritime History, 2000
vastly superior ships maintained as a "fleet in being" on the China coast, resulting in... more vastly superior ships maintained as a "fleet in being" on the China coast, resulting in a profound crisis for China. Even then, the collapse oftraditional Chinese "sea power" that ensued was by no means absolute since China made a serious attempt to counter the Western imperialists on their own terms with a new steel and iron-clad navy that proved capable of inflicting real losses on Japanese aggressors at the end of the nineteenth century. In his conclusion Deng considers the reasons for the ultimate Chinese collapse in the face of Western expansion "what went wrong" in China. The answer, to him, is simple: it was China's failure to develop anything like the mercantilism of the Western powers and, most important in his view, the failure of the highly ineffective Chinese state to direct its naval power consciously as an instrument of national influence in the manner of France or Britain. This is an excellent and wide-ranging book that should be read by anyone interested in the many topics discussed. Its scholarship is prodigious and well-based and is presented with clarity and focus. Deng has doubtless provided a departure point for all future research in this area.
International Journal of Maritime History, 2005
International Journal of Maritime History, 2006
Five chapters on the mid-seventeenth century have nothing to do with piracy in Newfoundland. De R... more Five chapters on the mid-seventeenth century have nothing to do with piracy in Newfoundland. De Ruyter's attack on Ferryland in 1652 and the Dutch raids in 1673 were not acts of piracy. The same problem arises in Crummey's discussion of the Nine Years' War (1689-97) and the War of the Spanish Succession (1702-13), when English and French communities raided each other repeatedly. The most devastating were carried out by the French, especially in the winter of 1696-97, when Pierre LeMoyne D'Iberville terrorized the English Shore. Placentia also served as a base for privateers, which combined with French warships to carry out a form of commercial-military warfare. Crummey has more than a dozen chapters on this period, but they contain very little on piracy. Ironically, Crummey says nothing on the most serious "piracy" problem to face the Newfoundland trade in this period, namely the corsairs of North Africa. They terrorized Newfoundland fishermen the most, intercepting English vessels in and near the Straits of Gibraltar as they delivered cod to markets in Portugal, Spain and the Mediterranean. As a result, hundreds of West Countrymen were killed or sold into slavery. Crummey has produced a series of case studies that will entertain a general audience. He brings many colourful figures to life, from Bernard Drake and Peter Easton to Bartholomew Roberts, the pirate captain known as Black Bart. The Treaty of Utrecht ended decades of Anglo-French warfare in 1713, and the Royal Navy was demobilized on a massive scale. Many unemployed seafarers turned pirate. It was in this context that Black Bart arrived in Trepassey in 1720, using the South Avalon as a base from which to pillage shipping, finding a suitable flagship, and replenishing provisions and manpower. Yet PiratesofNewfoundland suffers from a lack offocus and more thorough research. Readers would also have benefited from an index and bibliography. Crummey writes with passion and he enlivens a fascinating subject his book will probably generate further interest in Newfoundland's early history but he offers little real insight into its subject.
European History Quarterly, 1995
European History Quarterly, 1982
more seriously, at least 10,000 men were killed. As a result the government in Madrid fell, and a... more more seriously, at least 10,000 men were killed. As a result the government in Madrid fell, and a commission was set up to examine who was responsible for the defeats. The commission’s report was never debated by the Cortes’ because of Primo de Rivera’s coup in 1923, but since then an enormous amount has appeared in print concerning Spain’s involvement in Morocco, much of it highly critical. This criticism has been directed either towards the central government in Madrid, or towards the Army, or sometimes towards both. Military officers, and others involved in the imposition and maintenance of the Protectorate,2 have attacked the Madrid governments between 1912 and 1922 for a lack of will in pursuing the occupation of the Moroccan Protectorate, a lack of will caused and compounded by the economic difficulties and the opposition of the Spanish left to any involvement in North Africa. This, it is claimed, so weakened the Army and inhibited its military action that it was unable to deal with Moroccan opposition as it arose, thereby leading to the defeats of 1921. On the other hand, certain left-wing commentators have criticized the whole Spanish involvement in Morocco, and particularly the links between Spanish capitalists and the Africanista movement.3 Other more