Peter Hintenaus - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Peter Hintenaus
Matemática Contemporânea, 1999
\Ve fincl conditlons, restricting the size of the fractions, and present algorithms to obtaln a r... more \Ve fincl conditlons, restricting the size of the fractions, and present algorithms to obtaln a rational number from a set of resiclues modulo relatively prime integers. \Ve also discuss the na.t.ure anel the num her of solutions for the rat.iona.l represe11tat.ion, introducing condit.ions for the cxü;tcncc and for Lhe uniqucnc:::;:::;. Resumo Itcstrlnglndo o tamanho das fra<;ôcs, concliçôcs são estabelecidas c algoritmos são apresentados para q uc um n úmcro racional seja obtido a. partir de um conjunto de resíduos módulo inteiros que sào primos entre si. Ta.m bP m sào d iscutidns a. na.tu re7.a e o n tÍ mero de soluçôes para, a reprel'enl.ar:<io racion ai, estabelecendo cond ir:óel' para a exisLênci a e 11 nicidade. 1. Introd uction ln Symbolic and Algebraic Computation, a wide range of problems have been solved very effi.ciently via, a modulaT approach. Many problems over the integers are mapJHcd on1o a prime field a.nd once !lu-: ima.ge oi' Ute soluLion is known, i1 is recovered Lo a 1rue solu1ion for tlw original problent, by meam of Lhe chinese remainder or HenselJ;.-adic lif1ing algoritlnrt. Represent.a1ive examples of this approach include polynomial factorization algorithms (see, for example, [3]), pol:ynomial GCD computations (scc, for instancc, [3]) and Grobncr basis computation algorithms [R]. Smne of" Lltese problems would be more dficienLly solved over t.l1e ra1ionals, and other prohlems arise more na.tmally in this field. Ca.n we de~ign an effir:ient
Abstract—Time-triggered execution of periodic tasks provides the cornerstone of dependable real-t... more Abstract—Time-triggered execution of periodic tasks provides the cornerstone of dependable real-time systems. In addition, there is often a need for executing event-triggered activities while the system would be otherwise idle. We first present the foundation of a time-triggered system based on the Timing Definition Language (TDL). Then we introduce event-triggered activities as an extension of the purely time-triggered programming model. If time-triggered and event-triggered activities exchange information among each other, the data flow must be synchronized such that reading unfinished output data is avoided. The paper describes a lock-free solution for these synchronization issues that is based exclusively on memory load and store operations and can be implemented efficiently on embedded systems without any operating system support. We also discuss the implications of our synchroni-zation approach for the semantics of combined time-triggered and event-triggered execution in a dep...
Proceedings IMCS 2012, 2012
Within the industrial research project "Process Analytical Chemistry" (PAC) we are working on FTN... more Within the industrial research project "Process Analytical Chemistry" (PAC) we are working on FTNIRspectroscopic measurement systems predicting characteristic parameters of industrial production processes. Those parameters are usually monitored offline or at-line with time consuming and expensive laboratory methods. In this contribution, we present a spectroscopic measurement configuration together with the required chemometric analysis, acting as an online-monitoring system. In order to demonstrate the potential of such a system we use the example of melamine resin production in an industrial process. At company partner Dynea the predicted value of the turbidity point is used as an indicator for the end of the batch reaction (turning off heating). Furthermore, we illustrate a way to verify the chemometric prediction by calculating a confidence interval for each predicted value.
Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy, 2015
A novel near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy method for the determination of the cellulose content of... more A novel near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy method for the determination of the cellulose content of alkali cellulose, an intermediate product in viscose fibre production, is presented. This method is especially suitable for the purpose of process control. The method is realised in diffuse reflectance mode. A fast sample preparation step consisting of the compression of the coarse bulky alkali cellulose is introduced, in order to homogenise the sample material. The measurement takes 10 min, including the preparation step. For calibration of the method, samples taken directly from the production line have been used in combination with samples prepared in the laboratory. Validation conducted in a production environment yields a root mean square error of prediction of 0.36% w/w for cellulose content, which is sufficient for the detection of deviation from standard production parameters. It is found that the source material for the alkali cellulose influences the NIR spectra. Analysis of the source material indicates that the hemicellulose composition, i.e. a poly-or oligosaccharide dissolvable in caustic lye, has an impact on the NIR spectra. Different types of source materials can be discerned from their NIR spectra.
We present the Timing Definition Language (TDL), which supports the development of dependable emb... more We present the Timing Definition Language (TDL), which supports the development of dependable embedded real-time systems. TDL is conceptually based on the timetriggered programming model introduced by Giotto but provides a more convenient syntax, more control over the timing of periodic activities, an industrial strength tool chain, and, most importantly, adds a component model and supports the integration of asynchronous activities in a time-triggered system. We present the introduced language concepts and outline the TDL-based tool chain, which also includes support for simulation, distribution, and automatic code generation. Finally, we show an example that uses some of the extensions and compare TDL with other extensions of Giotto.
Informatik-Fachberichte, 1985
The L-language, a language for programming parallel computer architectures especially suited for ... more The L-language, a language for programming parallel computer architectures especially suited for symbolic computation, is presented. The main goal of the language design is the explicit description of the interconnection structure of the system. Our aproach allows even recursive descriptions of the interconnection topology. The interconnection structures defined by L-programs can be realized on the parallel L-machine developed in the CAMP-LINZ working group.
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1987
ABSTRACT This paper gives a description of parallel approaches to logic programming. It offers pr... more ABSTRACT This paper gives a description of parallel approaches to logic programming. It offers proposals for making use of parallelism within the whole proof process including unification. By using dags (directed acyclic graphs) as a way of representing formulas, the inherent parallelism is analyzed in a much more detailed way than the one provided by AND-/OR-parallelism. From this analysis an architecture for a parallel proof machine is derived that includes essential features from the new L-machine. Under this view other parallel systems for logic programming are outlined.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
For building models of physical systems we need mathematical tools. In order to model physical ph... more For building models of physical systems we need mathematical tools. In order to model physical phenomena we have to look at lines, surfaces, and vector fields in three-dimensional space. The notion of a signal allows us to concentrate on the information contained in some time-varying physical quantity without thinking about the physical representation. The notion of a system likewise describes the information processing performed by some apparatus without resorting to the physical properties of the apparatus.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
The power supply circuits in an embedded system convert the electrical energy provided by some so... more The power supply circuits in an embedded system convert the electrical energy provided by some source like a battery into electrical energy according to the demand of the rest of the system. Logic and analog circuitry requires a well-regulated constant voltage but some applications, such as driving high-power light-emitting diodes, ask for a precisely regulated current. Energy efficient power supplies can often do without extra heat sinks, allowing for the design of small and lightweight devices. In battery operated devices the energy efficiency of the supply circuits translates directly into longer service time between charges. A large part of the success of battery operated devices in the last decade can be attributed mainly to the increased energy efficiency of the electronics and of the supply circuits in particular and to a lesser degree to increases in the capacity of batteries.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
This technical essay deals with the control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor. We discuss e... more This technical essay deals with the control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor. We discuss electromagnetism in some detail. We derive the classical model of a permanent magnet synchronous machine and use this model to evaluate several control strategies. Field-oriented torque control and field-oriented speed control are introduced. Control without a sensor for the position of the rotor is mentioned briefly. A discussion of issues arising when implementing field-oriented control in software, the circuit of a power stage and some measurements conclude the treatise.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
In this second in a series of three technical essays, we demonstrate how Fourier transforms help ... more In this second in a series of three technical essays, we demonstrate how Fourier transforms help in interpreting the signals produced by simple radars for speed and distance measurements. We start out with a discussion of the Doppler shift. Down-conversion of the high-frequency signals follows next. We consider the effects of finite observation time on the continuous-time Fourier transform. By approximating the continuous-time transform with a discrete-time Fourier transform and finally with a discrete Fourier transform, we derive the dependency between observation time and the speed resolution of the radar. The frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar for measuring distances follows next. Circuits and programs of a radar based on a commercially available radar module and demonstration of the radar conclude the treatise.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
The hardware of an embedded system consists mostly of analog and digital electronics. Before emba... more The hardware of an embedded system consists mostly of analog and digital electronics. Before embarking on designing such hardware, we must understand some electrical engineering. We discuss electrical charge, voltage, and current. The basic laws governing electric circuits follow. The basic components—resistors, capacitors, and inductors—and simple circuits made from these provide material for the rest of the chapter.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
We describe what an embedded system is and how these systems are developed. Embedded systems form... more We describe what an embedded system is and how these systems are developed. Embedded systems form a hierarchy; this book deals with systems at the bottom. A discussion of models of the physical reality as well as models of computation follows. First principles and statistical inference help us describe the physical reality. For the computational side we make do with state machines and block diagrams.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
Embedded systems usually are delivered as a combination of software and hardware. Unlike general ... more Embedded systems usually are delivered as a combination of software and hardware. Unlike general purpose systems, where the hardware developer does not know which software the system will execute, we are here responsible for both—hardware and software, when developing an embedded system.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
The world is analog. The detectors in embedded systems often pick up analog information and conve... more The world is analog. The detectors in embedded systems often pick up analog information and convert this information into feeble analog continuous-time signals
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
are registered trademarks of The MathWorks, Inc. CrossCore Ò and SHARC Ò are registered trademark... more are registered trademarks of The MathWorks, Inc. CrossCore Ò and SHARC Ò are registered trademarks of Analog Devices Inc. MapleÔ is a trademark of Waterloo Maple Inc. Mathematica Ò is a registered trademark of Wolfram Research, Inc. ARM Ò and Cortex Ò are registered trademarks of Arm Ltd.
Proceedings of the 8th conference of the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology, 2013
In this paper we investigate the usage of non-linear chemometric models, which are calibrated bas... more In this paper we investigate the usage of non-linear chemometric models, which are calibrated based on near infrared (FTNIR) spectra, in order to increase efficiency and to improve quantification quality in melamine resin production. They rely on fuzzy systems model architecture and are able to incrementally adapt themselves during the on-line process, resolving dynamic process changes, which may cause severe error drifts of static models. The most informative wavebands in NIR spectra are extracted by a new variant of forward selection, termed as forward selection with bands (FSB) and used as inputs for the fuzzy models. A specific ensemble strategy is developed which is able to properly compensate noise in repeated spectra measurements. Results on high-dimensional data from four independent types of melamine resin show that 1.) our fuzzy modeling methodology can outperform state-of-the-art chemometric modeling methods in terms of validation error, 2.) the ensemble strategy is able to improve the performance of models without ensembling and 3.) incremental model updates are necessary in order to prevent drifting residuals.
IECON 2007 - 33rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2007
In this paper we discuss the design of a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer for the monitori... more In this paper we discuss the design of a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer for the monitoring of chemical processes. We contrast our approach to computing interferograms, which relies heavily on numerical procedures computed on digital signal processors, with the more traditional of deriving triggers from the movement of the mirror in hardware. A presentation of our implementation attempts rounds out this paper.
Matemática Contemporânea, 1999
\Ve fincl conditlons, restricting the size of the fractions, and present algorithms to obtaln a r... more \Ve fincl conditlons, restricting the size of the fractions, and present algorithms to obtaln a rational number from a set of resiclues modulo relatively prime integers. \Ve also discuss the na.t.ure anel the num her of solutions for the rat.iona.l represe11tat.ion, introducing condit.ions for the cxü;tcncc and for Lhe uniqucnc:::;:::;. Resumo Itcstrlnglndo o tamanho das fra<;ôcs, concliçôcs são estabelecidas c algoritmos são apresentados para q uc um n úmcro racional seja obtido a. partir de um conjunto de resíduos módulo inteiros que sào primos entre si. Ta.m bP m sào d iscutidns a. na.tu re7.a e o n tÍ mero de soluçôes para, a reprel'enl.ar:<io racion ai, estabelecendo cond ir:óel' para a exisLênci a e 11 nicidade. 1. Introd uction ln Symbolic and Algebraic Computation, a wide range of problems have been solved very effi.ciently via, a modulaT approach. Many problems over the integers are mapJHcd on1o a prime field a.nd once !lu-: ima.ge oi' Ute soluLion is known, i1 is recovered Lo a 1rue solu1ion for tlw original problent, by meam of Lhe chinese remainder or HenselJ;.-adic lif1ing algoritlnrt. Represent.a1ive examples of this approach include polynomial factorization algorithms (see, for example, [3]), pol:ynomial GCD computations (scc, for instancc, [3]) and Grobncr basis computation algorithms [R]. Smne of" Lltese problems would be more dficienLly solved over t.l1e ra1ionals, and other prohlems arise more na.tmally in this field. Ca.n we de~ign an effir:ient
Abstract—Time-triggered execution of periodic tasks provides the cornerstone of dependable real-t... more Abstract—Time-triggered execution of periodic tasks provides the cornerstone of dependable real-time systems. In addition, there is often a need for executing event-triggered activities while the system would be otherwise idle. We first present the foundation of a time-triggered system based on the Timing Definition Language (TDL). Then we introduce event-triggered activities as an extension of the purely time-triggered programming model. If time-triggered and event-triggered activities exchange information among each other, the data flow must be synchronized such that reading unfinished output data is avoided. The paper describes a lock-free solution for these synchronization issues that is based exclusively on memory load and store operations and can be implemented efficiently on embedded systems without any operating system support. We also discuss the implications of our synchroni-zation approach for the semantics of combined time-triggered and event-triggered execution in a dep...
Proceedings IMCS 2012, 2012
Within the industrial research project "Process Analytical Chemistry" (PAC) we are working on FTN... more Within the industrial research project "Process Analytical Chemistry" (PAC) we are working on FTNIRspectroscopic measurement systems predicting characteristic parameters of industrial production processes. Those parameters are usually monitored offline or at-line with time consuming and expensive laboratory methods. In this contribution, we present a spectroscopic measurement configuration together with the required chemometric analysis, acting as an online-monitoring system. In order to demonstrate the potential of such a system we use the example of melamine resin production in an industrial process. At company partner Dynea the predicted value of the turbidity point is used as an indicator for the end of the batch reaction (turning off heating). Furthermore, we illustrate a way to verify the chemometric prediction by calculating a confidence interval for each predicted value.
Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy, 2015
A novel near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy method for the determination of the cellulose content of... more A novel near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy method for the determination of the cellulose content of alkali cellulose, an intermediate product in viscose fibre production, is presented. This method is especially suitable for the purpose of process control. The method is realised in diffuse reflectance mode. A fast sample preparation step consisting of the compression of the coarse bulky alkali cellulose is introduced, in order to homogenise the sample material. The measurement takes 10 min, including the preparation step. For calibration of the method, samples taken directly from the production line have been used in combination with samples prepared in the laboratory. Validation conducted in a production environment yields a root mean square error of prediction of 0.36% w/w for cellulose content, which is sufficient for the detection of deviation from standard production parameters. It is found that the source material for the alkali cellulose influences the NIR spectra. Analysis of the source material indicates that the hemicellulose composition, i.e. a poly-or oligosaccharide dissolvable in caustic lye, has an impact on the NIR spectra. Different types of source materials can be discerned from their NIR spectra.
We present the Timing Definition Language (TDL), which supports the development of dependable emb... more We present the Timing Definition Language (TDL), which supports the development of dependable embedded real-time systems. TDL is conceptually based on the timetriggered programming model introduced by Giotto but provides a more convenient syntax, more control over the timing of periodic activities, an industrial strength tool chain, and, most importantly, adds a component model and supports the integration of asynchronous activities in a time-triggered system. We present the introduced language concepts and outline the TDL-based tool chain, which also includes support for simulation, distribution, and automatic code generation. Finally, we show an example that uses some of the extensions and compare TDL with other extensions of Giotto.
Informatik-Fachberichte, 1985
The L-language, a language for programming parallel computer architectures especially suited for ... more The L-language, a language for programming parallel computer architectures especially suited for symbolic computation, is presented. The main goal of the language design is the explicit description of the interconnection structure of the system. Our aproach allows even recursive descriptions of the interconnection topology. The interconnection structures defined by L-programs can be realized on the parallel L-machine developed in the CAMP-LINZ working group.
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1987
ABSTRACT This paper gives a description of parallel approaches to logic programming. It offers pr... more ABSTRACT This paper gives a description of parallel approaches to logic programming. It offers proposals for making use of parallelism within the whole proof process including unification. By using dags (directed acyclic graphs) as a way of representing formulas, the inherent parallelism is analyzed in a much more detailed way than the one provided by AND-/OR-parallelism. From this analysis an architecture for a parallel proof machine is derived that includes essential features from the new L-machine. Under this view other parallel systems for logic programming are outlined.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
For building models of physical systems we need mathematical tools. In order to model physical ph... more For building models of physical systems we need mathematical tools. In order to model physical phenomena we have to look at lines, surfaces, and vector fields in three-dimensional space. The notion of a signal allows us to concentrate on the information contained in some time-varying physical quantity without thinking about the physical representation. The notion of a system likewise describes the information processing performed by some apparatus without resorting to the physical properties of the apparatus.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
The power supply circuits in an embedded system convert the electrical energy provided by some so... more The power supply circuits in an embedded system convert the electrical energy provided by some source like a battery into electrical energy according to the demand of the rest of the system. Logic and analog circuitry requires a well-regulated constant voltage but some applications, such as driving high-power light-emitting diodes, ask for a precisely regulated current. Energy efficient power supplies can often do without extra heat sinks, allowing for the design of small and lightweight devices. In battery operated devices the energy efficiency of the supply circuits translates directly into longer service time between charges. A large part of the success of battery operated devices in the last decade can be attributed mainly to the increased energy efficiency of the electronics and of the supply circuits in particular and to a lesser degree to increases in the capacity of batteries.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
This technical essay deals with the control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor. We discuss e... more This technical essay deals with the control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor. We discuss electromagnetism in some detail. We derive the classical model of a permanent magnet synchronous machine and use this model to evaluate several control strategies. Field-oriented torque control and field-oriented speed control are introduced. Control without a sensor for the position of the rotor is mentioned briefly. A discussion of issues arising when implementing field-oriented control in software, the circuit of a power stage and some measurements conclude the treatise.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
In this second in a series of three technical essays, we demonstrate how Fourier transforms help ... more In this second in a series of three technical essays, we demonstrate how Fourier transforms help in interpreting the signals produced by simple radars for speed and distance measurements. We start out with a discussion of the Doppler shift. Down-conversion of the high-frequency signals follows next. We consider the effects of finite observation time on the continuous-time Fourier transform. By approximating the continuous-time transform with a discrete-time Fourier transform and finally with a discrete Fourier transform, we derive the dependency between observation time and the speed resolution of the radar. The frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar for measuring distances follows next. Circuits and programs of a radar based on a commercially available radar module and demonstration of the radar conclude the treatise.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
The hardware of an embedded system consists mostly of analog and digital electronics. Before emba... more The hardware of an embedded system consists mostly of analog and digital electronics. Before embarking on designing such hardware, we must understand some electrical engineering. We discuss electrical charge, voltage, and current. The basic laws governing electric circuits follow. The basic components—resistors, capacitors, and inductors—and simple circuits made from these provide material for the rest of the chapter.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
We describe what an embedded system is and how these systems are developed. Embedded systems form... more We describe what an embedded system is and how these systems are developed. Embedded systems form a hierarchy; this book deals with systems at the bottom. A discussion of models of the physical reality as well as models of computation follows. First principles and statistical inference help us describe the physical reality. For the computational side we make do with state machines and block diagrams.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
Embedded systems usually are delivered as a combination of software and hardware. Unlike general ... more Embedded systems usually are delivered as a combination of software and hardware. Unlike general purpose systems, where the hardware developer does not know which software the system will execute, we are here responsible for both—hardware and software, when developing an embedded system.
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
The world is analog. The detectors in embedded systems often pick up analog information and conve... more The world is analog. The detectors in embedded systems often pick up analog information and convert this information into feeble analog continuous-time signals
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
Engineering Embedded Systems, 2014
are registered trademarks of The MathWorks, Inc. CrossCore Ò and SHARC Ò are registered trademark... more are registered trademarks of The MathWorks, Inc. CrossCore Ò and SHARC Ò are registered trademarks of Analog Devices Inc. MapleÔ is a trademark of Waterloo Maple Inc. Mathematica Ò is a registered trademark of Wolfram Research, Inc. ARM Ò and Cortex Ò are registered trademarks of Arm Ltd.
Proceedings of the 8th conference of the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology, 2013
In this paper we investigate the usage of non-linear chemometric models, which are calibrated bas... more In this paper we investigate the usage of non-linear chemometric models, which are calibrated based on near infrared (FTNIR) spectra, in order to increase efficiency and to improve quantification quality in melamine resin production. They rely on fuzzy systems model architecture and are able to incrementally adapt themselves during the on-line process, resolving dynamic process changes, which may cause severe error drifts of static models. The most informative wavebands in NIR spectra are extracted by a new variant of forward selection, termed as forward selection with bands (FSB) and used as inputs for the fuzzy models. A specific ensemble strategy is developed which is able to properly compensate noise in repeated spectra measurements. Results on high-dimensional data from four independent types of melamine resin show that 1.) our fuzzy modeling methodology can outperform state-of-the-art chemometric modeling methods in terms of validation error, 2.) the ensemble strategy is able to improve the performance of models without ensembling and 3.) incremental model updates are necessary in order to prevent drifting residuals.
IECON 2007 - 33rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2007
In this paper we discuss the design of a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer for the monitori... more In this paper we discuss the design of a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer for the monitoring of chemical processes. We contrast our approach to computing interferograms, which relies heavily on numerical procedures computed on digital signal processors, with the more traditional of deriving triggers from the movement of the mirror in hardware. A presentation of our implementation attempts rounds out this paper.