Peter Lochoro - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Peter Lochoro
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, Feb 27, 2024
European Journal of Public Health
Background The implementation of a health service does not necessarily equate to a health gain. E... more Background The implementation of a health service does not necessarily equate to a health gain. Effective Coverage (EC) aims to capture the potential benefits of a health intervention by adjusting the crude coverage for quality. The aim of this study was to assess the EC of Antenatal Care (ANC), Institutional deliveries and Postnatal Care (PNC) in Oyam district, Uganda, considering the input (drugs and equipment) and the process dimension (components of care provided). Methods The study involved 19 Health Centers (HC), 12 type II, 6 type III and 1 type IV, having a catchment area of 15.603 expected deliveries per year. The analysis covered the period between April and September 2021. Data on crude coverage were retrieved from the District Health Information Software-2. Data used to assess quality domains were extracted from checklists compiled during Supportive Supervisions and were summarized by readiness and likelihood of quality care indices. The crude coverage of the interventio...
Paediatric respiratory physiology and sleep
Public Health Action
SETTING: Six hospitals in four sub-Saharan African countries.OBJECTIVE: To examine the indirect e... more SETTING: Six hospitals in four sub-Saharan African countries.OBJECTIVE: To examine the indirect effects of COVID-19 on health service utilisation and to explore the risk of bias in studies on prediction models.DESIGN: Monthly data were analysed using interrupted time-series modelling. We used linear mixed-effect models for the analysis of antenatal care visits, institutional deliveries, vaccinations, outpatient visits and hospital admissions, and generalised linear mixed-effect models for hospital mortality.RESULTS: During 2018–2020, the six hospitals recorded a total of 57,075 antenatal care visits, 38,706 institutional deliveries, 312,961 vaccinations, 605,925 out-patient visits and 143,915 hospital admissions. The COVID-19 period was associated with decreases in vacci-nations (− 575 vaccinations, P < 0.0001), outpatient visits (− 700 visits, P < 0.0001) and hospital admission (− 102 admission, P = 0.001); however, no statistically significant effects were found for antenata...
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Both SARS-CoV2 and Plasmodium falciparum infection during pregnancy increases the risk for advers... more Both SARS-CoV2 and Plasmodium falciparum infection during pregnancy increases the risk for adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, including abortion, severe disease, and death. Indeed, although malaria and COVID-19 show an overlapping clinical presentation, they require a profoundly different approach. The aim of this study was to explore COVID-19 awareness among pregnant women living in a P. falciparum hyperendemic region in rural Uganda. This cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted in one Hospital and two Health Centers (HC) in Lango region, Uganda, from July 14, 2022, to March 14, 2023. Data about demographics, COVID-19 history, and COVID-19 and malaria perceptions were collected using RedCap mobile app platform. Study endpoint was a context-specific COVID-19 awareness score, accounting for the most common disease misconceptions. Association between study variables and good COVID-19 awareness was assessed by χ2 and t test, as appropriate, and variables found to be statisti...
BMC Medical Education
Background Mainstream medical education remains largely focused on national health issues. Theref... more Background Mainstream medical education remains largely focused on national health issues. Therefore, in order to expose medical students to international health issues, it is beneficial to facilitate international medical electives. Methods This article describes the Junior Project Officer (JPO) program, a medical experience based on clinical electives in Sub-Saharan Africa, supported by a Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO). Residents spend 6 months as part of a multidisciplinary medical team in Africa. A post-elective online survey was administered to all who participated in the program in the period 2002–2020. The questionnaire comprised three domains: (i) general and pre-departure information; (ii) the experience; (iii) the post-experience. Results Questionnaires were received from 157/241 subjects, a response rate of 65%. The most common specialties were pediatrics, public health, and internal medicine. Of all, 87% carried out clinical activities; 45% also worked in the manage...
eResearch: the open …
1 The Ugandan health systems reforms: miracle or mirage? Rob Yates, Christine Kirunga Tashobya, V... more 1 The Ugandan health systems reforms: miracle or mirage? Rob Yates, Christine Kirunga Tashobya, Valeria Oliveira Cruz, Barbara McPake, Freddie Ssengooba, Grace Murindwa, Peter Lochoro, Juliet Bataringaya, Hanif Nazerali and Francis Omaswa Summary Poor health ...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Background: Uganda ranks among the countries with the highest burden of TB the world and tubercul... more Background: Uganda ranks among the countries with the highest burden of TB the world and tuberculous pericarditis (TBP) affects up to 2% of people diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis worldwide. In Africa, it represents the most common cause of pericardial disease. Here, we present the case of a 21-year-old male patient who was diagnosed of cardiac tamponade due to tuberculous pericarditis with a positive urine LF-LAM. Case report: We report a case of a 21-year-old male living in Oyam district, Uganda, who presented to the emergency department with difficulty in breathing, easy fatigability, general body weakness, and abdominal pain. A chest X-ray showed the presence of right pleural effusion and massive cardiomegaly. Thus, percutaneous pericardiocentesis was performed immediately and pericardial fluid resulted negative both for gram staining and real-time PCR test Xpert MTB/RIF. The following day’s urine LF-LAM test resulted positive, and antitubercular therapy started with gradua...
BMC Infectious Diseases
Background Uganda accounts for 5% of all malaria cases and deaths reported globally and, in endem... more Background Uganda accounts for 5% of all malaria cases and deaths reported globally and, in endemic countries, pregnancy is a risk factor for both acquisition of P. falciparum infection and development of severe malaria. In recent years, malaria control has been threatened by COVID-19 pandemic and by the emergence, in Northern Uganda, of both resistance to artemisinin derivatives and to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. Methods In this facility-based, prospective, observational study, pregnant women will be recruited at antenatal-care visits and followed-up until delivery. Collected data will explore the incidence of asymptomatic parasitemia and malaria-related outcomes, as well as the attitudes towards malaria prevention, administration of intermittent preventive treatment, healthcare seeking behavior and use of insecticide-treated nets. A subpopulation of women diagnosed with malaria will be recruited and their blood samples will be analyzed for detection of genetic markers of resistance...
Additional file 3. Healthcare system factors and TB treatment outcomes. Table of results.
Additional file 2. Distribution by sociodemographic characteristics and wealth. Table of results.
Additional file 1. Interview Guides. Interview guides used for key informant interviews of health... more Additional file 1. Interview Guides. Interview guides used for key informant interviews of health care workers and focus group discussions among former TB patients.
This excel file contains information on outcomes and cost analysis.
Quantitative dataset. (XLSX 57 kb)
Details of cost items analysed. This table shows the different cost items analysed for the transp... more Details of cost items analysed. This table shows the different cost items analysed for the transport voucher and baby-kit schemes. (DOCX 14 kb)
Number of pregnancy and labour-related referrals. This table shows the number of women referred f... more Number of pregnancy and labour-related referrals. This table shows the number of women referred from the intervention and control health facilities to the hospital or the Health Centre IV. (DOCX 14 kb)
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, Feb 27, 2024
European Journal of Public Health
Background The implementation of a health service does not necessarily equate to a health gain. E... more Background The implementation of a health service does not necessarily equate to a health gain. Effective Coverage (EC) aims to capture the potential benefits of a health intervention by adjusting the crude coverage for quality. The aim of this study was to assess the EC of Antenatal Care (ANC), Institutional deliveries and Postnatal Care (PNC) in Oyam district, Uganda, considering the input (drugs and equipment) and the process dimension (components of care provided). Methods The study involved 19 Health Centers (HC), 12 type II, 6 type III and 1 type IV, having a catchment area of 15.603 expected deliveries per year. The analysis covered the period between April and September 2021. Data on crude coverage were retrieved from the District Health Information Software-2. Data used to assess quality domains were extracted from checklists compiled during Supportive Supervisions and were summarized by readiness and likelihood of quality care indices. The crude coverage of the interventio...
Paediatric respiratory physiology and sleep
Public Health Action
SETTING: Six hospitals in four sub-Saharan African countries.OBJECTIVE: To examine the indirect e... more SETTING: Six hospitals in four sub-Saharan African countries.OBJECTIVE: To examine the indirect effects of COVID-19 on health service utilisation and to explore the risk of bias in studies on prediction models.DESIGN: Monthly data were analysed using interrupted time-series modelling. We used linear mixed-effect models for the analysis of antenatal care visits, institutional deliveries, vaccinations, outpatient visits and hospital admissions, and generalised linear mixed-effect models for hospital mortality.RESULTS: During 2018–2020, the six hospitals recorded a total of 57,075 antenatal care visits, 38,706 institutional deliveries, 312,961 vaccinations, 605,925 out-patient visits and 143,915 hospital admissions. The COVID-19 period was associated with decreases in vacci-nations (− 575 vaccinations, P < 0.0001), outpatient visits (− 700 visits, P < 0.0001) and hospital admission (− 102 admission, P = 0.001); however, no statistically significant effects were found for antenata...
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Both SARS-CoV2 and Plasmodium falciparum infection during pregnancy increases the risk for advers... more Both SARS-CoV2 and Plasmodium falciparum infection during pregnancy increases the risk for adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, including abortion, severe disease, and death. Indeed, although malaria and COVID-19 show an overlapping clinical presentation, they require a profoundly different approach. The aim of this study was to explore COVID-19 awareness among pregnant women living in a P. falciparum hyperendemic region in rural Uganda. This cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted in one Hospital and two Health Centers (HC) in Lango region, Uganda, from July 14, 2022, to March 14, 2023. Data about demographics, COVID-19 history, and COVID-19 and malaria perceptions were collected using RedCap mobile app platform. Study endpoint was a context-specific COVID-19 awareness score, accounting for the most common disease misconceptions. Association between study variables and good COVID-19 awareness was assessed by χ2 and t test, as appropriate, and variables found to be statisti...
BMC Medical Education
Background Mainstream medical education remains largely focused on national health issues. Theref... more Background Mainstream medical education remains largely focused on national health issues. Therefore, in order to expose medical students to international health issues, it is beneficial to facilitate international medical electives. Methods This article describes the Junior Project Officer (JPO) program, a medical experience based on clinical electives in Sub-Saharan Africa, supported by a Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO). Residents spend 6 months as part of a multidisciplinary medical team in Africa. A post-elective online survey was administered to all who participated in the program in the period 2002–2020. The questionnaire comprised three domains: (i) general and pre-departure information; (ii) the experience; (iii) the post-experience. Results Questionnaires were received from 157/241 subjects, a response rate of 65%. The most common specialties were pediatrics, public health, and internal medicine. Of all, 87% carried out clinical activities; 45% also worked in the manage...
eResearch: the open …
1 The Ugandan health systems reforms: miracle or mirage? Rob Yates, Christine Kirunga Tashobya, V... more 1 The Ugandan health systems reforms: miracle or mirage? Rob Yates, Christine Kirunga Tashobya, Valeria Oliveira Cruz, Barbara McPake, Freddie Ssengooba, Grace Murindwa, Peter Lochoro, Juliet Bataringaya, Hanif Nazerali and Francis Omaswa Summary Poor health ...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Background: Uganda ranks among the countries with the highest burden of TB the world and tubercul... more Background: Uganda ranks among the countries with the highest burden of TB the world and tuberculous pericarditis (TBP) affects up to 2% of people diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis worldwide. In Africa, it represents the most common cause of pericardial disease. Here, we present the case of a 21-year-old male patient who was diagnosed of cardiac tamponade due to tuberculous pericarditis with a positive urine LF-LAM. Case report: We report a case of a 21-year-old male living in Oyam district, Uganda, who presented to the emergency department with difficulty in breathing, easy fatigability, general body weakness, and abdominal pain. A chest X-ray showed the presence of right pleural effusion and massive cardiomegaly. Thus, percutaneous pericardiocentesis was performed immediately and pericardial fluid resulted negative both for gram staining and real-time PCR test Xpert MTB/RIF. The following day’s urine LF-LAM test resulted positive, and antitubercular therapy started with gradua...
BMC Infectious Diseases
Background Uganda accounts for 5% of all malaria cases and deaths reported globally and, in endem... more Background Uganda accounts for 5% of all malaria cases and deaths reported globally and, in endemic countries, pregnancy is a risk factor for both acquisition of P. falciparum infection and development of severe malaria. In recent years, malaria control has been threatened by COVID-19 pandemic and by the emergence, in Northern Uganda, of both resistance to artemisinin derivatives and to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. Methods In this facility-based, prospective, observational study, pregnant women will be recruited at antenatal-care visits and followed-up until delivery. Collected data will explore the incidence of asymptomatic parasitemia and malaria-related outcomes, as well as the attitudes towards malaria prevention, administration of intermittent preventive treatment, healthcare seeking behavior and use of insecticide-treated nets. A subpopulation of women diagnosed with malaria will be recruited and their blood samples will be analyzed for detection of genetic markers of resistance...
Additional file 3. Healthcare system factors and TB treatment outcomes. Table of results.
Additional file 2. Distribution by sociodemographic characteristics and wealth. Table of results.
Additional file 1. Interview Guides. Interview guides used for key informant interviews of health... more Additional file 1. Interview Guides. Interview guides used for key informant interviews of health care workers and focus group discussions among former TB patients.
This excel file contains information on outcomes and cost analysis.
Quantitative dataset. (XLSX 57 kb)
Details of cost items analysed. This table shows the different cost items analysed for the transp... more Details of cost items analysed. This table shows the different cost items analysed for the transport voucher and baby-kit schemes. (DOCX 14 kb)
Number of pregnancy and labour-related referrals. This table shows the number of women referred f... more Number of pregnancy and labour-related referrals. This table shows the number of women referred from the intervention and control health facilities to the hospital or the Health Centre IV. (DOCX 14 kb)