Piero Policicchio - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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Papers by Piero Policicchio

Current Research in Diabetes & Obesity Journal, 2018

Research Reviews Journal of Dental Sciences, Apr 1, 2014

Periodontitis is a destructive inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth and is... more Periodontitis is a destructive inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth and is caused by specific microorganisms or group of specific microorganisms resulting in progressive destruction of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with periodontal pocket formation, gingival recession or both. The link between periodontal disease and systemic diseases has been progressively recognized over the past two decades. Currently there is a large amount of data in epidemiological, clinical and laboratory studies that strongly correlate the role of periodontal pathogens on systemic organs by producing pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and inflammatory mediators. Although the relationship between periodontal disease, inflammation and overall health has been suspected, numerous studies are providing more comprehensive evidence for this link. In this context, diabetes predisposes oral tissues to greater periodontal destruction but several studies have now identified that periodontal disease leads to poor glycemic control. It was hence predicted that there exists a two-way relationship between periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus. The regular use of Dental Air Force home dental cleaning system as an oral hygiene device is optimal for suppressing both periodontal infection and associated systemic diseases (Diabetes) as compared to conventional tooth brushing. Periodontitis: A Microbial Infection The oral cavity has the potential to harbor at least 600 different bacterial species, and in any given patient, more than 150 species may be present, surfaces of tooth can have as many as a billion bacteria in its attached bacterial plaque and good oral hygiene is the fundamental for oral integrity as it greatly affects the quality of life. [1] Periodontitis is a destructive inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth and is caused by specific microorganisms or group of specific microorganisms resulting in progressive destruction of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with periodontal pocket formation, gingival recession or both. Periodontal diseases are recognized as infectious processes that require bacterial presence and a host response and are further affected and modified by other local, environmental and genetic factors. [2] The host responds to the periodontal infections with an array of events involving both innate and adaptive immunity. [3] Dental plaque in oral cavity is now considered as biofilm, Dental biofilm forms via an ordered sequence of events, resulting in structured and functionally organized species of a rich microbial community and modern molecular biological techniques have identified about 1000 different bacterial species in the dental biofilm, twice as many as can be cultured. Bacteria in a biofilm have a physiology different from that of planktonic cells and live under nutrient limitation and often in a dormant state, thus a biofilm is organized to maximize energy, spatial arrangements and movement of nutrients and byproducts with advantages which includes a broader habitat range for growth, an enhanced resistance to antimicrobial agents and host defense and an enhanced ability to cause disease. [4] Periodontitis and Systemic Health: A Complex Linkage Association of periodontal infection with organ systems such as cardiovascular system, endocrine system, reproductive system, and respiratory system makes periodontal infection a complex multiphase disease. Inflamed periodontal tissues produce significant amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines, mainly interleukin1 beta (IL-1β), IL-e

Current Research in Diabetes & Obesity Journal, 2018

Research Reviews Journal of Dental Sciences, Apr 1, 2014

Periodontitis is a destructive inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth and is... more Periodontitis is a destructive inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth and is caused by specific microorganisms or group of specific microorganisms resulting in progressive destruction of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with periodontal pocket formation, gingival recession or both. The link between periodontal disease and systemic diseases has been progressively recognized over the past two decades. Currently there is a large amount of data in epidemiological, clinical and laboratory studies that strongly correlate the role of periodontal pathogens on systemic organs by producing pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and inflammatory mediators. Although the relationship between periodontal disease, inflammation and overall health has been suspected, numerous studies are providing more comprehensive evidence for this link. In this context, diabetes predisposes oral tissues to greater periodontal destruction but several studies have now identified that periodontal disease leads to poor glycemic control. It was hence predicted that there exists a two-way relationship between periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus. The regular use of Dental Air Force home dental cleaning system as an oral hygiene device is optimal for suppressing both periodontal infection and associated systemic diseases (Diabetes) as compared to conventional tooth brushing. Periodontitis: A Microbial Infection The oral cavity has the potential to harbor at least 600 different bacterial species, and in any given patient, more than 150 species may be present, surfaces of tooth can have as many as a billion bacteria in its attached bacterial plaque and good oral hygiene is the fundamental for oral integrity as it greatly affects the quality of life. [1] Periodontitis is a destructive inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth and is caused by specific microorganisms or group of specific microorganisms resulting in progressive destruction of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with periodontal pocket formation, gingival recession or both. Periodontal diseases are recognized as infectious processes that require bacterial presence and a host response and are further affected and modified by other local, environmental and genetic factors. [2] The host responds to the periodontal infections with an array of events involving both innate and adaptive immunity. [3] Dental plaque in oral cavity is now considered as biofilm, Dental biofilm forms via an ordered sequence of events, resulting in structured and functionally organized species of a rich microbial community and modern molecular biological techniques have identified about 1000 different bacterial species in the dental biofilm, twice as many as can be cultured. Bacteria in a biofilm have a physiology different from that of planktonic cells and live under nutrient limitation and often in a dormant state, thus a biofilm is organized to maximize energy, spatial arrangements and movement of nutrients and byproducts with advantages which includes a broader habitat range for growth, an enhanced resistance to antimicrobial agents and host defense and an enhanced ability to cause disease. [4] Periodontitis and Systemic Health: A Complex Linkage Association of periodontal infection with organ systems such as cardiovascular system, endocrine system, reproductive system, and respiratory system makes periodontal infection a complex multiphase disease. Inflamed periodontal tissues produce significant amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines, mainly interleukin1 beta (IL-1β), IL-e