Pnina Arad - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Book by Pnina Arad

Research paper thumbnail of Christian Maps of the Holy Land: Images and Meanings (Turnhout: Brepols, 2020): TOC and Introduction

This book offers a way of reading maps of the Holy Land as visual imagery with religious connotat... more This book offers a way of reading maps of the Holy Land as visual imagery with religious connotations. Through a corpus of representative examples created between the sixth and the nineteenth centuries, it studies the maps as iconic imagery of an iconic landscape and analyses their strategies to manifest the spiritual quality of the biblical topography, to support religious tenets, and to construct and preserve cultural memory.
Maps of the Holy Land have thus far been studied with methodologies such as cartography and historical geography, while the main question addressed was the reliability of the maps as cartographic documents. Through another perspective and using the methodology of visual studies, this book reveals that maps of the Holy Land constructed religious messages and were significant instruments through which different Christian cultures (Byzantine, Catholic, Protestant, and Greek Orthodox) shaped their religious identities. It does not seek to ascertain how the maps delivered geographical information, but rather how they utilized the geographical information in formulating religious and cultural values.
Through its examination of maps of the Holy Land, this book thus explores both Christian visual culture and Christian spirituality throughout the centuries.

http://www.brepols.net/Pages/ShowProduct.aspx?prod_id=IS-9782503585260-1

Research paper thumbnail of Review of Pnina Arad, Christian Maps of the Holy Land (by Camille Serchuk, TMR, 2022)

The Medieval Review (TMR), 2022

https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/tmr/article/view/33977/37441

Research paper thumbnail of Review of Pnina Arad, Christian Maps of the Holy Land (by Alfred Hiatt, Journal of British Studies 62, 2023)

Journal of British Studies, 2023

In the last decade of the nineteenth century, the Crusade historian Reinhold Röhricht published a... more In the last decade of the nineteenth century, the Crusade historian Reinhold Röhricht published a series of studies on maps and plans of the Holy Land (or, as he termed it, Palästinakunde) from the seventh to the sixteenth centuries, thereby establishing a corpus of materials for future scholars. Yet despite their apparent centrality for medieval studies, it has taken some time for Christian maps of the Holy Land to come into focus as the object of close scrutiny. Now, however, the topic is gaining some momentum: Patrick Gautier Dalché's important article, "Cartes de Terre Sainte, cartes de pèlerins" (in Tra Roma e Gerusalemme nel Medio Evo: paesaggi umani ed ambientali del pellegrinaggio meridionale, ed.

Research paper thumbnail of Review of Pnina Arad, Christian Maps of the Holy Land (by Jeffrey Jaynes, Speculum 97.3, 2022)

Research paper thumbnail of Review of Pnina Arad, Christian Maps of the Holy Land (by Paul D. A. Harvey, Imago Mundi 73.2, 2021)

Articles/ chapters by Pnina Arad

Research paper thumbnail of "A Matter of Interpretation: Pre-Modern Christian and Jewish Maps of the Holy Land", in: The Mediality of Mapping: Transmedial Approaches to Cartographic Imagination, ed. by T. Michalsky, T. Morawski, Quaderini della Biblioteca Hertziana 14 (Rome 2024).

An examination of the content presented in maps of the Holy Land over the centuries shows that th... more An examination of the content presented in maps of the Holy Land over the centuries shows that the medium itself—the map of the Holy Land—proved to be highly flexible. With varying selections of sites and biblical references, maps of the Holy Land did not merely create different narratives; rather, they suggested diverse interpretations of the sacred topography, expressed different religious notions, and constructed entirely distinct religious messages.

Research paper thumbnail of "Landscape and Iconicity: Proskynetaria of the Holy Land from the Ottoman Period", The Art Bulletin 100.4 (2018): 62-80.

The Art Bulletin, 2018

Proskynetaria - Ottoman-era paintings of the Holy Land on textiles, made in Jerusalem for Christi... more Proskynetaria - Ottoman-era paintings of the Holy Land on textiles, made in Jerusalem for Christian pilgrims - are studied as icons of iconic landscape. The paintings and the biblical land are considered as a chain of topographical media that mediated between the faithful and the absent divinity, and fortified faith. The stimulating nature of the biblical landscape is my point of departure in examining the paintings as a means of concretizing religious values, as substitutes for the biblical land in remote places, and as cultural instruments for constructing individual and collective identities.
Keywords: visual conceptualization of a holy landscape, Christian Hajj, pilgrimage souvenirs from the Holy Land, Eastern Christianity

Research paper thumbnail of "Another Reconsideration of the Madaba Map", Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies, 47.2 (2023): 1-19.

Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies, 2023

It has recently been claimed that the Madaba map illustrates notions of law and ownership, and th... more It has recently been claimed that the Madaba map illustrates notions of law and ownership, and that it was displayed in a hall with secular functions. The present article rejects this claim, asserting that while we have insufficient evidence for determining the building’s context, the map speaks in religious language. I argue that the Madaba map conveyed the very same message communicated by both early Christian typological imagery and Palestinian pilgrimage art, suggesting that apart from conceptualizing the topography of Palestine in religious terms and as a sacred space, the map gave expression to the theological notion of Fulfilment.

Research paper thumbnail of "Post-Secular Art for a Post-Secular Age: Stational Installations of the Via Dolorosa in Western cities", Material Religion: The Journal of Objects, Art and Belief 18.2 (2022): 203–227

Material Religion: The Journal of Objects, Art and Belief , 2022

Three installations of the “Stations of the Cross,” established as stational urban exhibitions ac... more Three installations of the “Stations of the Cross,” established as stational urban exhibitions across London, Washington, D.C., and New York in 2016, 2017, and 2018 (respectively), are the focus of this article, which examines the significance of the Via Dolorosa in Western culture and the role that visual media embodying this sacred topography have played in pre-modern and contemporary Western societies. It studies the contemporary installations in relation to sixteenth-century trend of superimposing the Via Dolorosa upon Western towns, and shows that the contemporary installations used the paradigm of the fourteen stations to contextualize themes that are entirely unrelated to Jerusalem or the Gospels but are highly significant within twenty-first-century Western cultural discourse. It discusses the way in which these installations bridged the gap between religious and secular worldviews in a post-secular age, studying them as a form of post-secular art.

Research paper thumbnail of “Frederick III’s Holy Land Installation in Wittenberg during the Cultural Transition of the Reformation,” Viator 48.1 (2017): 219–252.

Viator, 2022

This article reconstructs the Holy Land installation that Frederick III, Elector of Saxony, estab... more This article reconstructs the Holy Land installation that Frederick III, Elector of Saxony, established in the All-Saints’ Church in Wittenberg at the beginning of the 16th century. It relates this display of relics and pilgrimage imagery to the contemporary European cult of the Holy Land, and argues that this installation played a role in Frederick’s attainment of cultural hegemony in his land. In 1517, while Frederick, using relics and indulgences, encouraged Catholic worship at All-Saints’ to a record level, Luther nailed his Theses on the doors of that church and initiated the Reformation. This article explores the different fates of Holy Land objects following the Reformation – destruction, survival or adaptation into the new Protestant iconography – and argues that they played a part in the cultural transition that held in Wittenberg. Furthermore, it discusses the significance of the Holy Land in constructing cultural values and identities for both Catholics and Protestants. Keywords: Frederick III the “Wise,” Lucas Cranach the Elder, Martin Luther, Holy Land relics and book of relics, Holy Land imagery, map of the Holy Land, pilgrimage, indulgences, Reformation, cultural hegemony.

Research paper thumbnail of "Memory, Identity and Aspiration: Early Modern Jewish Maps of the Promised Land", Imago Mundi, 69.1 (2017), 52-71.

Imago Mundi, 2017

The article explores the Jewish approach towards the biblical land as this was reflected in Jewis... more The article explores the Jewish approach towards the biblical land as this was reflected in Jewish maps of that land, and points to the formation of the visual motif of Messianic Jerusalem in Jewish art.

KEYWORDS: maps of the Promised Land /the Holy Land, a Jewish map made in Mantua in 1560s, a map in the Amsterdam Haggadah (1695), Erhard Reuwich, Rashi, Exodus, Borders of Canaan, Tribes of Israel, Messianic Jerusalem, 'East Gate', Menorah, Feast of Tabernacle, cultural memory.

Research paper thumbnail of "An Unpublished Map of the Holy Land: Venice, Biblioteca Marciana, MS Lat. X 116 (=3783)", Imago Mundi, 65.1 (2013): 80-86.

Research paper thumbnail of "Pilgrimage, Cartography and Devotion: William Wey’s Map of the Holy Land", Viator 43.1 (2012): 301-322.

Viator, 2012

The article offers a reconstruction of a chapel, set up in England in the 1470s to commemorate a ... more The article offers a reconstruction of a chapel, set up in England in the 1470s to commemorate a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. The reconstruction follows information drawn from the founder’s will. Made up of architectural components, paintings, wooden models, stones, maps, and a manuscript narrative, the composition was designed to evoke the Holy Land in England. A map of the Holy Land preserved in the Bodleian Library seems to be the only component to have survived. The article studies the installation in relation to the widespread European tradition of relocating the Holy Land to Europe, and discusses in greater detail the incorporation of a map of the Holy Land into the category of fifteenth-century devotional imagery. The first section of the article outlines the principal layout of the chapel as it emerges from the formulation of the rubrics. The second section details the collection of objects deposited in the chapel. A comparison with fifteenth-century devotional and pilgrimage imagery enables us to specify the exact composition of items. The third section focuses on the map of the Holy Land, discussing several features exclusive to MS Douce 389 as well as general features of the format. The last section presents the installation as an elaborate mimesis of the Holy Land.

Research paper thumbnail of "Thanks to a Neighbour’s Bad Reputation: Reconstructing an Area of Thirteenth-century Acre", Crusades 5 (2006): 193-197.

Crusades, 2006

A new reading of two charters promulgated in Acre in 1198 and 1235, in conjunction with a fourtee... more A new reading of two charters promulgated in Acre in 1198 and 1235, in conjunction with a fourteenth-century plan of the city (made by Paolino Veneto in 1320s), allows for the reconstruction of a small area in the northern part of Acre, in close proximity to the Hospitaller compound. It throws light on the urban development in this part of the city during the first decades of the thirteenth century.

Research paper thumbnail of על מפות רש״י ואיורי ״ייחוס האבות״, פורסם בגרסה מקוצרת תחת הכותרת ״רש״י כמאייר״, מוסף תרבות וספרות, הארץ, 31.1.25

באמנות היהודית של המאה ה-16 הציגו שני סוגי דימויים ויזואליים את ארץ ישראל משתי פרספקטיבות שונות, ... more באמנות היהודית של המאה ה-16 הציגו שני סוגי דימויים ויזואליים את ארץ ישראל משתי פרספקטיבות שונות, אך שתיהן המשיגו אותה במונחים משיחיים. האחד התפתח בגלות על בסיס איורי הפרשנות של רש״י, שיקף את התיאור המקראי של הארץ המובטחת והציג אותה כהתגלמות טריטוריאלית של הברית בין האל לעם ישראל. השני, שהתפתח בארץ ולא בגולה, שיקף מסלול של עלייה לרגל למקומות הקדושים ליהודים ותיאר את הארץ כמרחב קדוש. מעניין שבשני סוגי הדימויים סומן המסר המשיחי באמצעות אותם מוטיבים חזותיים: כלי המקדש ומבוך יריחו. הופעתם של שני סוגי דימויים אלה דווקא במאה ה-16 קשורה כנראה לפּנייה הגוברת אל הקבלה ולהתגברות הציפיות המשיחיות בעקבות הטראומה של גירוש ספרד, ולשינוי שחל בתפיסת הגאולה היהודית: בעוד שבימי הביניים הושם הדגש על גאולת היחיד, הושם הדגש במאה ה-16 על גאולת העם כולו בארץ ישראל.

Research paper thumbnail of ״ים של חטאים״, מוסף תרבות וספרות, ״הארץ״, 9.8.24

ים המלח הפך מטפורה לחטא ועונש בתרבות המערב וכיום הוא קורבן של חטא סביבתי

Research paper thumbnail of ״כך יאה לעולה רגל נוצרי להיכנס לירושלים״, מוסף תרבות וספרות, ״הארץ״, 8.3.24

הארץ, 2024

על ציור של ירושלים מן המאה ה-17 שהתגלה בעת שיפוץ חנות האופנה ״אוסקר דה לה רנטה״ בפריז

Research paper thumbnail of ״ארץ הקודש עם הפנים לצפון ולרפורמציה״, מוסף תרבות וספרות, ״הארץ״ 26.1.24

מפה ״אנונימית״ שנרכשה במחיר מציאה ונתרמה לספרייה הלאומית התבררה כיצירה של האמן הגרמני לוקאס קראנך... more מפה ״אנונימית״ שנרכשה במחיר מציאה ונתרמה לספרייה הלאומית התבררה כיצירה של האמן הגרמני לוקאס קראנך האב וכאחת המפות החשובות ביותר של ארץ הקודש

Research paper thumbnail of ״דרך הייסורים של ישו בלונדון וניו יורק״, מוסף תרבות וספרות, ״הארץ״, 6.10.2023

Research paper thumbnail of ״מדוע אין דרכים מסומנות במפת מידבא״, מוסף תרבות וספרות, ״הארץ״, 18.6.2021

Research paper thumbnail of Christian Maps of the Holy Land: Images and Meanings (Turnhout: Brepols, 2020): TOC and Introduction

This book offers a way of reading maps of the Holy Land as visual imagery with religious connotat... more This book offers a way of reading maps of the Holy Land as visual imagery with religious connotations. Through a corpus of representative examples created between the sixth and the nineteenth centuries, it studies the maps as iconic imagery of an iconic landscape and analyses their strategies to manifest the spiritual quality of the biblical topography, to support religious tenets, and to construct and preserve cultural memory.
Maps of the Holy Land have thus far been studied with methodologies such as cartography and historical geography, while the main question addressed was the reliability of the maps as cartographic documents. Through another perspective and using the methodology of visual studies, this book reveals that maps of the Holy Land constructed religious messages and were significant instruments through which different Christian cultures (Byzantine, Catholic, Protestant, and Greek Orthodox) shaped their religious identities. It does not seek to ascertain how the maps delivered geographical information, but rather how they utilized the geographical information in formulating religious and cultural values.
Through its examination of maps of the Holy Land, this book thus explores both Christian visual culture and Christian spirituality throughout the centuries.

http://www.brepols.net/Pages/ShowProduct.aspx?prod_id=IS-9782503585260-1

Research paper thumbnail of Review of Pnina Arad, Christian Maps of the Holy Land (by Camille Serchuk, TMR, 2022)

The Medieval Review (TMR), 2022

https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/tmr/article/view/33977/37441

Research paper thumbnail of Review of Pnina Arad, Christian Maps of the Holy Land (by Alfred Hiatt, Journal of British Studies 62, 2023)

Journal of British Studies, 2023

In the last decade of the nineteenth century, the Crusade historian Reinhold Röhricht published a... more In the last decade of the nineteenth century, the Crusade historian Reinhold Röhricht published a series of studies on maps and plans of the Holy Land (or, as he termed it, Palästinakunde) from the seventh to the sixteenth centuries, thereby establishing a corpus of materials for future scholars. Yet despite their apparent centrality for medieval studies, it has taken some time for Christian maps of the Holy Land to come into focus as the object of close scrutiny. Now, however, the topic is gaining some momentum: Patrick Gautier Dalché's important article, "Cartes de Terre Sainte, cartes de pèlerins" (in Tra Roma e Gerusalemme nel Medio Evo: paesaggi umani ed ambientali del pellegrinaggio meridionale, ed.

Research paper thumbnail of Review of Pnina Arad, Christian Maps of the Holy Land (by Jeffrey Jaynes, Speculum 97.3, 2022)

Research paper thumbnail of Review of Pnina Arad, Christian Maps of the Holy Land (by Paul D. A. Harvey, Imago Mundi 73.2, 2021)

Research paper thumbnail of "A Matter of Interpretation: Pre-Modern Christian and Jewish Maps of the Holy Land", in: The Mediality of Mapping: Transmedial Approaches to Cartographic Imagination, ed. by T. Michalsky, T. Morawski, Quaderini della Biblioteca Hertziana 14 (Rome 2024).

An examination of the content presented in maps of the Holy Land over the centuries shows that th... more An examination of the content presented in maps of the Holy Land over the centuries shows that the medium itself—the map of the Holy Land—proved to be highly flexible. With varying selections of sites and biblical references, maps of the Holy Land did not merely create different narratives; rather, they suggested diverse interpretations of the sacred topography, expressed different religious notions, and constructed entirely distinct religious messages.

Research paper thumbnail of "Landscape and Iconicity: Proskynetaria of the Holy Land from the Ottoman Period", The Art Bulletin 100.4 (2018): 62-80.

The Art Bulletin, 2018

Proskynetaria - Ottoman-era paintings of the Holy Land on textiles, made in Jerusalem for Christi... more Proskynetaria - Ottoman-era paintings of the Holy Land on textiles, made in Jerusalem for Christian pilgrims - are studied as icons of iconic landscape. The paintings and the biblical land are considered as a chain of topographical media that mediated between the faithful and the absent divinity, and fortified faith. The stimulating nature of the biblical landscape is my point of departure in examining the paintings as a means of concretizing religious values, as substitutes for the biblical land in remote places, and as cultural instruments for constructing individual and collective identities.
Keywords: visual conceptualization of a holy landscape, Christian Hajj, pilgrimage souvenirs from the Holy Land, Eastern Christianity

Research paper thumbnail of "Another Reconsideration of the Madaba Map", Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies, 47.2 (2023): 1-19.

Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies, 2023

It has recently been claimed that the Madaba map illustrates notions of law and ownership, and th... more It has recently been claimed that the Madaba map illustrates notions of law and ownership, and that it was displayed in a hall with secular functions. The present article rejects this claim, asserting that while we have insufficient evidence for determining the building’s context, the map speaks in religious language. I argue that the Madaba map conveyed the very same message communicated by both early Christian typological imagery and Palestinian pilgrimage art, suggesting that apart from conceptualizing the topography of Palestine in religious terms and as a sacred space, the map gave expression to the theological notion of Fulfilment.

Research paper thumbnail of "Post-Secular Art for a Post-Secular Age: Stational Installations of the Via Dolorosa in Western cities", Material Religion: The Journal of Objects, Art and Belief 18.2 (2022): 203–227

Material Religion: The Journal of Objects, Art and Belief , 2022

Three installations of the “Stations of the Cross,” established as stational urban exhibitions ac... more Three installations of the “Stations of the Cross,” established as stational urban exhibitions across London, Washington, D.C., and New York in 2016, 2017, and 2018 (respectively), are the focus of this article, which examines the significance of the Via Dolorosa in Western culture and the role that visual media embodying this sacred topography have played in pre-modern and contemporary Western societies. It studies the contemporary installations in relation to sixteenth-century trend of superimposing the Via Dolorosa upon Western towns, and shows that the contemporary installations used the paradigm of the fourteen stations to contextualize themes that are entirely unrelated to Jerusalem or the Gospels but are highly significant within twenty-first-century Western cultural discourse. It discusses the way in which these installations bridged the gap between religious and secular worldviews in a post-secular age, studying them as a form of post-secular art.

Research paper thumbnail of “Frederick III’s Holy Land Installation in Wittenberg during the Cultural Transition of the Reformation,” Viator 48.1 (2017): 219–252.

Viator, 2022

This article reconstructs the Holy Land installation that Frederick III, Elector of Saxony, estab... more This article reconstructs the Holy Land installation that Frederick III, Elector of Saxony, established in the All-Saints’ Church in Wittenberg at the beginning of the 16th century. It relates this display of relics and pilgrimage imagery to the contemporary European cult of the Holy Land, and argues that this installation played a role in Frederick’s attainment of cultural hegemony in his land. In 1517, while Frederick, using relics and indulgences, encouraged Catholic worship at All-Saints’ to a record level, Luther nailed his Theses on the doors of that church and initiated the Reformation. This article explores the different fates of Holy Land objects following the Reformation – destruction, survival or adaptation into the new Protestant iconography – and argues that they played a part in the cultural transition that held in Wittenberg. Furthermore, it discusses the significance of the Holy Land in constructing cultural values and identities for both Catholics and Protestants. Keywords: Frederick III the “Wise,” Lucas Cranach the Elder, Martin Luther, Holy Land relics and book of relics, Holy Land imagery, map of the Holy Land, pilgrimage, indulgences, Reformation, cultural hegemony.

Research paper thumbnail of "Memory, Identity and Aspiration: Early Modern Jewish Maps of the Promised Land", Imago Mundi, 69.1 (2017), 52-71.

Imago Mundi, 2017

The article explores the Jewish approach towards the biblical land as this was reflected in Jewis... more The article explores the Jewish approach towards the biblical land as this was reflected in Jewish maps of that land, and points to the formation of the visual motif of Messianic Jerusalem in Jewish art.

KEYWORDS: maps of the Promised Land /the Holy Land, a Jewish map made in Mantua in 1560s, a map in the Amsterdam Haggadah (1695), Erhard Reuwich, Rashi, Exodus, Borders of Canaan, Tribes of Israel, Messianic Jerusalem, 'East Gate', Menorah, Feast of Tabernacle, cultural memory.

Research paper thumbnail of "An Unpublished Map of the Holy Land: Venice, Biblioteca Marciana, MS Lat. X 116 (=3783)", Imago Mundi, 65.1 (2013): 80-86.

Research paper thumbnail of "Pilgrimage, Cartography and Devotion: William Wey’s Map of the Holy Land", Viator 43.1 (2012): 301-322.

Viator, 2012

The article offers a reconstruction of a chapel, set up in England in the 1470s to commemorate a ... more The article offers a reconstruction of a chapel, set up in England in the 1470s to commemorate a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. The reconstruction follows information drawn from the founder’s will. Made up of architectural components, paintings, wooden models, stones, maps, and a manuscript narrative, the composition was designed to evoke the Holy Land in England. A map of the Holy Land preserved in the Bodleian Library seems to be the only component to have survived. The article studies the installation in relation to the widespread European tradition of relocating the Holy Land to Europe, and discusses in greater detail the incorporation of a map of the Holy Land into the category of fifteenth-century devotional imagery. The first section of the article outlines the principal layout of the chapel as it emerges from the formulation of the rubrics. The second section details the collection of objects deposited in the chapel. A comparison with fifteenth-century devotional and pilgrimage imagery enables us to specify the exact composition of items. The third section focuses on the map of the Holy Land, discussing several features exclusive to MS Douce 389 as well as general features of the format. The last section presents the installation as an elaborate mimesis of the Holy Land.

Research paper thumbnail of "Thanks to a Neighbour’s Bad Reputation: Reconstructing an Area of Thirteenth-century Acre", Crusades 5 (2006): 193-197.

Crusades, 2006

A new reading of two charters promulgated in Acre in 1198 and 1235, in conjunction with a fourtee... more A new reading of two charters promulgated in Acre in 1198 and 1235, in conjunction with a fourteenth-century plan of the city (made by Paolino Veneto in 1320s), allows for the reconstruction of a small area in the northern part of Acre, in close proximity to the Hospitaller compound. It throws light on the urban development in this part of the city during the first decades of the thirteenth century.

Research paper thumbnail of על מפות רש״י ואיורי ״ייחוס האבות״, פורסם בגרסה מקוצרת תחת הכותרת ״רש״י כמאייר״, מוסף תרבות וספרות, הארץ, 31.1.25

באמנות היהודית של המאה ה-16 הציגו שני סוגי דימויים ויזואליים את ארץ ישראל משתי פרספקטיבות שונות, ... more באמנות היהודית של המאה ה-16 הציגו שני סוגי דימויים ויזואליים את ארץ ישראל משתי פרספקטיבות שונות, אך שתיהן המשיגו אותה במונחים משיחיים. האחד התפתח בגלות על בסיס איורי הפרשנות של רש״י, שיקף את התיאור המקראי של הארץ המובטחת והציג אותה כהתגלמות טריטוריאלית של הברית בין האל לעם ישראל. השני, שהתפתח בארץ ולא בגולה, שיקף מסלול של עלייה לרגל למקומות הקדושים ליהודים ותיאר את הארץ כמרחב קדוש. מעניין שבשני סוגי הדימויים סומן המסר המשיחי באמצעות אותם מוטיבים חזותיים: כלי המקדש ומבוך יריחו. הופעתם של שני סוגי דימויים אלה דווקא במאה ה-16 קשורה כנראה לפּנייה הגוברת אל הקבלה ולהתגברות הציפיות המשיחיות בעקבות הטראומה של גירוש ספרד, ולשינוי שחל בתפיסת הגאולה היהודית: בעוד שבימי הביניים הושם הדגש על גאולת היחיד, הושם הדגש במאה ה-16 על גאולת העם כולו בארץ ישראל.

Research paper thumbnail of ״ים של חטאים״, מוסף תרבות וספרות, ״הארץ״, 9.8.24

ים המלח הפך מטפורה לחטא ועונש בתרבות המערב וכיום הוא קורבן של חטא סביבתי

Research paper thumbnail of ״כך יאה לעולה רגל נוצרי להיכנס לירושלים״, מוסף תרבות וספרות, ״הארץ״, 8.3.24

הארץ, 2024

על ציור של ירושלים מן המאה ה-17 שהתגלה בעת שיפוץ חנות האופנה ״אוסקר דה לה רנטה״ בפריז

Research paper thumbnail of ״ארץ הקודש עם הפנים לצפון ולרפורמציה״, מוסף תרבות וספרות, ״הארץ״ 26.1.24

מפה ״אנונימית״ שנרכשה במחיר מציאה ונתרמה לספרייה הלאומית התבררה כיצירה של האמן הגרמני לוקאס קראנך... more מפה ״אנונימית״ שנרכשה במחיר מציאה ונתרמה לספרייה הלאומית התבררה כיצירה של האמן הגרמני לוקאס קראנך האב וכאחת המפות החשובות ביותר של ארץ הקודש

Research paper thumbnail of ״דרך הייסורים של ישו בלונדון וניו יורק״, מוסף תרבות וספרות, ״הארץ״, 6.10.2023

Research paper thumbnail of ״מדוע אין דרכים מסומנות במפת מידבא״, מוסף תרבות וספרות, ״הארץ״, 18.6.2021

Research paper thumbnail of ״הטופוגרפיה של הארץ כתבנית חייו של ישו״, מוסף תרבות וספרות, ״הארץ״, 7.2.2020

האיקונה של ארץ הקודש ממנזר המצלבה שבישרה גאולה בתבנית טופוגרפית, מחכה לגאולתה שלה

Research paper thumbnail of ״מכאן ואילך אין אנו ממתינים אלא לאורך״ - המקדש במפות ארץ הקודש, מוסף תרבות וספרות, ״הארץ״, 20.12.2019

במפה היהודית מבטא המקדש את התקווה לשיבת ציון ובמפה הנוצרית - את הגאולה בדמות הפסיון של ישו

Research paper thumbnail of ״מפת ארץ הקודש של לוקאס קראנאך האב: בין עלייה לרגל קתולית לכתבי הקודש הפרוטסטנטיים״, זמנים 140 (2019): 18-7

1754/12 ‫מענק‬ ‫(מספר‬ ‫למדע‬ ‫הלאומית‬ ‫והקרן‬ ‫ותקצוב‬ ‫לתכנון‬ .)50.15.0.026TR ‫מענק‬ ‫(מספר‬ ... more 1754/12 ‫מענק‬ ‫(מספר‬ ‫למדע‬ ‫הלאומית‬ ‫והקרן‬ ‫ותקצוב‬ ‫לתכנון‬ .)50.15.0.026TR ‫מענק‬ ‫(מספר‬ Fritz Thyssen Foundation ‫ועל-ידי‬ ‫הלאומית‬ ‫מהספרייה‬ ‫ראובני‬ ‫ולזמירה‬ ‫רובין‬ ‫לאיילת‬ ‫מודה‬ ‫המחברת‬ ‫עזרתן.‬ ‫על‬ ‫בירושלים‬ pnina.arad@mail.huji.ac.il ‫דוא"ל:‬

Research paper thumbnail of ‘As if You Were There’: The Cultural Impact of Two Pilgrims’ Maps of the Holy Land

Visual Constructs of Jerusalem, ed. by Bianca Kühnel, Galit Noga‐Banai, Hanna Vorholt (Turnhout: Brepols), 2014

The article presents two maps of the Holy Land made by two pilgrims who made a joint journey to t... more The article presents two maps of the Holy Land made by two pilgrims who made a joint journey to the Holy Land in 1458: the Italian nobleman Gabriele Capodilista and the English scholar and monk William Wey. The article studies both maps in relation to the contexts in which they were displayed (either as part of a pilgrimage manuscript or as a devotional installation evoking the Holy Land), and analyses their two modes of expression for the cultural significance of the cartographic image of the Holy Land to late medieval European society. As the article shows, the maps had an additional message to communicate, above and beyond a simple description of the itinerary of a pilgrimage. They were visual representations that evoked the virtue and significance of a land that played a major role in the formation of European identity, and therefore, were in themselves a means for reinforcing collective memory and cultural identity. They could offer the European viewer a bridge across the Mediterranean to his or her symbolic place of identity.

Research paper thumbnail of Is Calvary Worth Restoring? The Way of the Cross in Romans-sur-Isère, France

The Way of the Cross in Romans-sur-Isère (in the Drôme department of south-eastern France) was bu... more The Way of the Cross in Romans-sur-Isère (in the Drôme department of south-eastern France) was built as a copy of a copy of a copy. According to the seventeenth-century author Pierre Archange de Clairmont, after the fall of Acre the Knights of Saint John settled in Rhodes and erected a path of seven pillars to memorialize the Way of the Cross, using accurate measurements taken in Jerusalem. In 1504 the Commander of the Hospitallers in Rhodes, Pierre d’Englisberg, became the commander of the Order in Fribourg (Switzerland), where he constructed an imitation of the installation he knew from Rhodes. In December 1515 a wealthy French merchant, Romanet Boffin, visited Fribourg on business and was impressed by the installation. He asked the town’s permission to measure it and to construct a replica in his town, Romans-sur-Isère, and so he did. The complex that Boffin erected is almost unknown in the scholarly research on replications of Jerusalem in Europe. In this paper I outline the various phases of this French monument over the centuries and discuss its significance for the town and for the French society in different periods. I show how this unique installation played a role in the constant rivalry between the local church and the ever-stronger secular urban power as well as between different Christian parties, Catholic and Protestant. Finally, I confront the dilemma posed by its renovation and possible functions in the twenty-first century.

Research paper thumbnail of Jerusalem in the Byzantine Period (rewriting; originally written by Zeev Rubin in 1985), Vol. 4 of Jerusalem throughout the Ages (Raanana: Open University of Israel, 2016), in Hebrew.

Jerusalem in the Byzantine Period (rewriting; originally written by Zeev Rubin in 1985), Vol. 4 of Jerusalem throughout the Ages (Raanana: Open University of Israel, 2016), in Hebrew.

הסדרה ירושלים לדורותיה מגוללת את תולדות העיר ירושלים לאורך כארבעת אלפים שנה, מראשית האלף השני לפס... more הסדרה ירושלים לדורותיה מגוללת את תולדות העיר ירושלים לאורך כארבעת אלפים שנה, מראשית האלף השני לפסה"נ - תקופה הברונזה התיכונה - ועד אמצע המאה העשרים לסה"נ - ערב הקמתה של מדינת ישראל. הסדרה עוסקת בתולדות העיר, עומדת על סוד מעמדה המיוחד בהיסטוריה ובזיכרון של עמים, דתות ותרבויות ומסבירה מה מייחד אותה ומעניק לה חיוניות היסטורית שנים כה רבות.

היא מתחקה אחר הגורמים שעשו אותה מוקד של התעניינות כלל-עולמית, ונדרשת לשאלה כיצד זכתה למעמד מיוחד לא רק במישור ההיסטורי-הראלי, אלא גם במישור המטא-היסטורי, וכיצד נתייחד לה מקום מרכזי בעולם הנחמה בחזון אחרית הימים.

היחידה הרביעית - ירושלים בתקופה הביזנטית - עוסקת בתהליך הפיכתה של ירושלים מעיר רומית פגאנית בעלת עבר יהודי עשיר לעיר נוצרית. הדיון עוקב אחר התחזקות מעמדה של ירושלים בתודעה הנוצרית ובמדרג הכנסייתי, והפיכתה למוקד עלייה לרגל ולעיר נוצרית קדושה. כן עוסקת היחידה בשינוי פניה של העיר ובמעורבותם של הבישופים שעמדו בראשה במחלוקות התאולוגיות שהסעירו את האימפריה הביזנטית.

Research paper thumbnail of ‘A Virtual Journey to the Holy Land’, in: Treasures from the Map Room: A Journey through the Bodleian Collections, ed. Debbie Hall (Oxford: Bodleian Library, 2016).

Research paper thumbnail of חאג' נוצרי: התואר, הריטואל, התעודה, הפורום הישראלי ללימודי העת החדשה המוקדמת, אוניברסיטת תל-אביב, 11.4.19

Research paper thumbnail of נוף תרבותי במפות עתיקות של ארץ ישראל/ ארץ הקודש, במסגרת התערוכה: המפה - לקרוא בין הקווים, מוזיאון ארץ-ישראל, תל אביב, 22.5.18

Research paper thumbnail of Cultural Landscape in Early Modern Jewish and Christian Maps of the Holy Land. The Warburg Institute, Maps and Society Lectures, 14.4.16

Cultural Landscape in Early Modern Jewish and Christian Maps of the Holy Land. The Warburg Institute, Maps and Society Lectures, 14.4.16

https://warburg.sas.ac.uk/whats-on/maps-and-society-lecture-series