Pooja Salimath - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Pooja Salimath

Research paper thumbnail of Sulfamethoxazole+Trimethoprim Induced Stevens- Johnson Syndrome in HIV Patient: A Case Report

Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice

Stevens-Johnson syndrome is mucocutaneous cellmediated hypersensitivity reaction which affects 2 ... more Stevens-Johnson syndrome is mucocutaneous cellmediated hypersensitivity reaction which affects 2 to 3 cases per million. SJS is generally rare, but potentially lifethreatening and commonly drug induced. Trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) is a widely prescribed antimicrobial for the management of several uncomplicated infections. It is commonly used for the treatment and prophylaxis of Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia (PCP) in the HIV-infected population. The adverse reaction to TMP/SMX is more frequent and severe in HIV-infected patients as compared to the general population. We report a case of 39-year-old male patient admitted into male medical free ward with a chief complaints of fever, difficulty in swallowing, skin lesions over the body from 4 days. Multiple well-defined erythematous macules, Erosion and crustations on angle of the mouth, Genital Involvement, Acute Conjuctivitis are observed. These clinical manifestations are observed after taking sulfamethoxazole+trimethoprim on 5 th day. Based on the above clinical investigations it is diagnosed as sulfamethoxazole+trimethoprim induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Research paper thumbnail of A Case Report on Diclofenac Induced Chronic Kidney Disease

Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice

Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) are one of the most commonly prescribed drugs and t... more Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) are one of the most commonly prescribed drugs and their nephrotoxic effects are well known. Diclofenac is one of the Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that exert anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects through the suppression of Prostaglandin (PG) synthesis, by inhibiting the enzyme Cyclooxygenase (COX). The most important mechanism of anti-inflammatory action of Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is considered to be inhibition of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mediated enhanced prostaglandin synthesis at the site of injury. A 65-year male case was admitted with chief complaints of bilateral lower limb swelling and facial swelling. The patient history revealed that he had taken Tab. Diclofenac in combination with Paracetamol [acetaminophen] for almost one year. The final diagnosis was made as drug induced Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Hypertension (HTN), bilateral lower limb cellulitis and anemia. In this case, kidney disease and overuse of Diclofenac may account for the increase in blood pressure [hypertension]. The treatment was given accordingly after 7 days of hospital stay the patient had recovered and was given discharge.

Research paper thumbnail of A Study on Role of Clinical Pharmacist in Identification and Prevention of Medication Errors at a Teritiary Care Hospital

Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice

Introduction: Medication errors are at forefront and common provision of modern healthcare and on... more Introduction: Medication errors are at forefront and common provision of modern healthcare and one of the many hazards of hospitalization. The problem is of multidisciplinary and multifactorial in nature. Objective: Identification and prevention of medication errors. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over a period of 6 months in a tertiary care hospital. Patients were selected randomly by considering the study criteria. Medication errors were analyzed by using Treatment chart review. The severity levels of medication errors have been analyzed by using the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention (NCCMERP) proposed index for categorizing medication errors. Results: A total of 681 cases were selected randomly, in which 199 (29.22%) patients showed, 221 medication errors. Out of which 128 (57.91%) errors were actual errors and 93 (42.08%) errors were categorized as potential errors. Prescribing errors were 82.80%, followed by Administration errors 23 (10.40%), Dispensing errors 08 (3.61%) and 07 (3.16%) were Monitoring errors. Anti-infective drugs were the most common class of drugs in which errors occurred 45 (21.02%). Most of the errors in our study resulted in No Error 42.53% (category A), 44.34% (category B, C and D) resulted in Error No Harm, 13.12% (category E, F, G, H) resulted in Error Harm. No incidence of Error Death was reported. Conclusion: The incidence of medication errors was significantly high and it is essential to establish medication error reporting system. Study results shows that there were more number of potential errors which can be preventable. Clinical pharmacist can play a vital role in Identification and prevention of medication errors

Research paper thumbnail of A Study on Drug Use Pattern Among Paediatric In-Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital at Gulbarga

Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice

Background: Drug use in pediatric patients is a unique dilemma in the management and monitoring o... more Background: Drug use in pediatric patients is a unique dilemma in the management and monitoring of disease, as safe and effective therapeutic regimen is challenging. So drug use pattern is essential to facilitate rationale use of drugs. Objectives: To assess the drug use pattern among paediatric in-patients at a tertiary care hospital, Gulbarga using WHO prescribing indicators. Methodology: A prospective-observational study in paediatric In-patient department. Results: A total of 134 paediatric in-patients were enrolled into the study. The prescriptions included in the study were 322 for a total of 1214 encounters. The results shows, among 134 patients, number of children (90.29%) were more than infants (9.71%).Majority of the patients were males (55.2%) than females (44.77%). There were 26 patients whose weight was not mentioned. The duration of hospital stay showed that the maximum length of stay was 11 days with a minimum of 1 day stay. Among 134 patients majority of the patients were diagnosed with (RTI) respiratory tract infections (39.5%). A total of 711 drugs were prescribed, majority of drugs were prescribed by their brand names (69.3%) when compared to generic drugs (30.64%). Analysis of WHO core drug prescribing trends shows that the average number of drugs per prescription was 4.9. and percentage of antibiotics per prescription being 19.5%, percentage of injections per prescription 34.43% and percentage of drugs prescribed from (NELM) National essential list of medicines being 42%.The most common route of drug administration was parentral (57.18%) followed by oral route (42.81%). Conclusion: From this study feedback information can be provided to the prescriber and authorities of the institute to improve the prescription pattern.

Research paper thumbnail of Sulfamethoxazole+Trimethoprim Induced Stevens- Johnson Syndrome in HIV Patient: A Case Report

Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice

Stevens-Johnson syndrome is mucocutaneous cellmediated hypersensitivity reaction which affects 2 ... more Stevens-Johnson syndrome is mucocutaneous cellmediated hypersensitivity reaction which affects 2 to 3 cases per million. SJS is generally rare, but potentially lifethreatening and commonly drug induced. Trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) is a widely prescribed antimicrobial for the management of several uncomplicated infections. It is commonly used for the treatment and prophylaxis of Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia (PCP) in the HIV-infected population. The adverse reaction to TMP/SMX is more frequent and severe in HIV-infected patients as compared to the general population. We report a case of 39-year-old male patient admitted into male medical free ward with a chief complaints of fever, difficulty in swallowing, skin lesions over the body from 4 days. Multiple well-defined erythematous macules, Erosion and crustations on angle of the mouth, Genital Involvement, Acute Conjuctivitis are observed. These clinical manifestations are observed after taking sulfamethoxazole+trimethoprim on 5 th day. Based on the above clinical investigations it is diagnosed as sulfamethoxazole+trimethoprim induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Research paper thumbnail of A Case Report on Diclofenac Induced Chronic Kidney Disease

Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice

Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) are one of the most commonly prescribed drugs and t... more Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) are one of the most commonly prescribed drugs and their nephrotoxic effects are well known. Diclofenac is one of the Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that exert anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects through the suppression of Prostaglandin (PG) synthesis, by inhibiting the enzyme Cyclooxygenase (COX). The most important mechanism of anti-inflammatory action of Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is considered to be inhibition of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mediated enhanced prostaglandin synthesis at the site of injury. A 65-year male case was admitted with chief complaints of bilateral lower limb swelling and facial swelling. The patient history revealed that he had taken Tab. Diclofenac in combination with Paracetamol [acetaminophen] for almost one year. The final diagnosis was made as drug induced Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Hypertension (HTN), bilateral lower limb cellulitis and anemia. In this case, kidney disease and overuse of Diclofenac may account for the increase in blood pressure [hypertension]. The treatment was given accordingly after 7 days of hospital stay the patient had recovered and was given discharge.

Research paper thumbnail of A Study on Role of Clinical Pharmacist in Identification and Prevention of Medication Errors at a Teritiary Care Hospital

Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice

Introduction: Medication errors are at forefront and common provision of modern healthcare and on... more Introduction: Medication errors are at forefront and common provision of modern healthcare and one of the many hazards of hospitalization. The problem is of multidisciplinary and multifactorial in nature. Objective: Identification and prevention of medication errors. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over a period of 6 months in a tertiary care hospital. Patients were selected randomly by considering the study criteria. Medication errors were analyzed by using Treatment chart review. The severity levels of medication errors have been analyzed by using the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention (NCCMERP) proposed index for categorizing medication errors. Results: A total of 681 cases were selected randomly, in which 199 (29.22%) patients showed, 221 medication errors. Out of which 128 (57.91%) errors were actual errors and 93 (42.08%) errors were categorized as potential errors. Prescribing errors were 82.80%, followed by Administration errors 23 (10.40%), Dispensing errors 08 (3.61%) and 07 (3.16%) were Monitoring errors. Anti-infective drugs were the most common class of drugs in which errors occurred 45 (21.02%). Most of the errors in our study resulted in No Error 42.53% (category A), 44.34% (category B, C and D) resulted in Error No Harm, 13.12% (category E, F, G, H) resulted in Error Harm. No incidence of Error Death was reported. Conclusion: The incidence of medication errors was significantly high and it is essential to establish medication error reporting system. Study results shows that there were more number of potential errors which can be preventable. Clinical pharmacist can play a vital role in Identification and prevention of medication errors

Research paper thumbnail of A Study on Drug Use Pattern Among Paediatric In-Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital at Gulbarga

Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice

Background: Drug use in pediatric patients is a unique dilemma in the management and monitoring o... more Background: Drug use in pediatric patients is a unique dilemma in the management and monitoring of disease, as safe and effective therapeutic regimen is challenging. So drug use pattern is essential to facilitate rationale use of drugs. Objectives: To assess the drug use pattern among paediatric in-patients at a tertiary care hospital, Gulbarga using WHO prescribing indicators. Methodology: A prospective-observational study in paediatric In-patient department. Results: A total of 134 paediatric in-patients were enrolled into the study. The prescriptions included in the study were 322 for a total of 1214 encounters. The results shows, among 134 patients, number of children (90.29%) were more than infants (9.71%).Majority of the patients were males (55.2%) than females (44.77%). There were 26 patients whose weight was not mentioned. The duration of hospital stay showed that the maximum length of stay was 11 days with a minimum of 1 day stay. Among 134 patients majority of the patients were diagnosed with (RTI) respiratory tract infections (39.5%). A total of 711 drugs were prescribed, majority of drugs were prescribed by their brand names (69.3%) when compared to generic drugs (30.64%). Analysis of WHO core drug prescribing trends shows that the average number of drugs per prescription was 4.9. and percentage of antibiotics per prescription being 19.5%, percentage of injections per prescription 34.43% and percentage of drugs prescribed from (NELM) National essential list of medicines being 42%.The most common route of drug administration was parentral (57.18%) followed by oral route (42.81%). Conclusion: From this study feedback information can be provided to the prescriber and authorities of the institute to improve the prescription pattern.