Poonam Agrawal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Poonam Agrawal

Research paper thumbnail of Impromptu yet effective conduct of Jigsaw to teach a topic in biochemistry for first MBBS students

Journal of education technology in health sciences, Feb 15, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Review of Biochemistry

Research paper thumbnail of Is case based learning (CBL) an effective tool for clinico-biochemical correlation among undergraduate medical students? Perceptive evaluation of students and faculty

Aims and Objectives: Aim of this study is to create interest in medical students towards the subj... more Aims and Objectives: Aim of this study is to create interest in medical students towards the subject of biochemistry and making them understand the clinical topics in biochemistry better. Objective of this study is to incorporate CBL teaching in “schedule time limit” assigned to teach a topic in biochemistry and assess the perception of student and faculty after teaching them a clinical topic in CBL mode. Materials and Methods: After getting inform written consent total 64 students enrolled for the study. Total 4 days were allotted to teach “Calcium and Iron metabolism” as per curriculum plan of Biochemistry. Didactic lecture was delivered on Tues/Wed /Thu. One CBL module was given to each group students were motivated to do self-directed learning (SDL). On consecutive Monday one student from each group was randomly selected to present the CBL in 10 minutes. Faculty then asked relevant question regarding the topic of CBL and all students were encouraged to respond. Each CBL was thus...

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of hypothyroidism in the first trimester pregnancy in primigravida in North India

Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Colour coding to facilitate learning in a Jigsaw Classroom – sharing our experiences

Journal of Education Technology in Health Sciences, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Level of Vitamin D in hypothyroid subjects: a study on the suburban population of North-West Delhi

International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Hypertriglyceridemia in a baby with thalassemia major

Indian Journal of Medical Specialities, 2020

Thalassemia is the most common inherited hemoglobin disorder around the world. It is usually asso... more Thalassemia is the most common inherited hemoglobin disorder around the world. It is usually associated with normal serum lipid profile. However, there are a few reports in literature that hypertriglyceridemia has an association with beta-thalassemia major. We report a case of hypertriglyceridemia associated with beta-thalassemia major, in a 9-month-old female baby.

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation of a self-directed learning module for undergraduate medical students in biochemistry: sharing of an experience

International Journal of Advances in Medicine, 2020

Self-directed learning SDL is a process where learners take the initiative for their own learning... more Self-directed learning SDL is a process where learners take the initiative for their own learning, become sensitive to personal learning needs, formulate the learning objectives, search for the resources and use them judiciously and finally evaluate the learning outcome.

Research paper thumbnail of Perception of a first aid workshop conducted for training lay responders in two professional colleges in North India

Journal of Education Technology in Health Sciences, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Air Pollution and Cytokines

Journal of Medical Academics, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Significance of Ischemia-Modified Albumin as a Simple Measure of Oxidative Stress and Its Discriminatory Ability in Diabetic Retinopathy

Retina, 2016

Oxidative stress (OXS) plays critical role in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DRP). Incr... more Oxidative stress (OXS) plays critical role in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DRP). Increased concentrations of serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) have been demonstrated as a novel and inexpensive measure of oxidative stress. Although few pilot studies have reported increased IMA in DRP, the available literature is limited to comprehensively describe the potential significance of IMA in predicting DRP. The authors performed a meta-analysis to investigate IMA in DRP compared with control and diabetes mellitus subjects. The authors also performed a meta-analysis of area under curve for IMA. PubMed (Medline), Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Springer Link, and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant studies in serum IMA in DRP. The authors obtained five observational studies. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 and MEDCALC 15.8 software to present the pooled-overall effect size as standardized mean difference and overall area under curve value of IMA. Random-effects meta-analysis indicated a significant increase in serum IMA in patients with DRP compared with control (standardized mean difference = 2.48, P < 0.0001) and diabetes mellitus groups (standardized mean difference = 1.43, P < 0.0001). Our results also show that IMA can significantly predict the development of DRP (area under curve = 0.86, P < 0.001). Serum IMA may be useful as a simple marker in monitoring of oxidative stress status in DRP and showed significant discriminatory ability in DRP. Future comparative studies in large are needed to further investigate IMA in different types of DRP; proliferative and nonproliferative.

Research paper thumbnail of Urban-Rural Differences in Atherogenic Dyslipidaemia (URDAD Study): A Retrospective Report on Diabetic and Non-diabetic Subjects of Northern India

Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition, 2014

Diabetes and urbanization are major contributors to increased risk factors of cardiovascular dise... more Diabetes and urbanization are major contributors to increased risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. Studying whether atherogenic dyslipidaemia increases with urbanization in type 2 diabetes mellitus is, therefore, important. The sample of the present study consisted of 400 subjects. They were categorized according to residential area and diabetes into four groups: urban diabetic group, urban non-diabetic control group (from a metropolitan city Delhi), rural non-diabetic diabetic group, and rural control group (from villages of Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana). Differences in lipid levels and risk factors of emerging cardiovascular diseases between groups were evaluated with analysis of variance. Diabetic patients of both urban and rural areas had significantly higher total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), TC to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL) ratio, TG to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL) ratio, and atherogenic ...

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in rural population of district Sonepat, India

International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2014

Background: Both rural and urban areas in India are currently experiencing a great spurt in lifes... more Background: Both rural and urban areas in India are currently experiencing a great spurt in lifestyle diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and ischaemic heart disease. The shift in epidemiology from communicable diseases to non-communicable diseases indicates that the rural population is also at a high-risk for developing diabetes mellitus. Aims & Objective: The overall objective of present study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in rural population of district Sonepat, Haryana state. Material and Methods: The study was planned to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in various age groups by analysing the hospital record based data. Blood for glucose estimation was collected in a fluoride vacutainer and glucose was estimated by kit based GOD-POD method. Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl and or 2 hour postprandial glucose ≥ 200 mg/dl were taken as the diagnostic criteria for diagnosis. Results: Gender specific prevalence for diabetes was 19.36% and 16.98% for male and female respectively. Maximum prevalence of diabetes 41.96% was found in the age group of 46-60 yrs. In this age group Mean fasting plasma glucose among males was 149.36 ± 19.51 and among female it was 147.43 ± 18.19. Mean 2 hour postprandial plasma glucose was 259.94 ± 51.36 & 259.65 ± 51.39 in male and female respectively. Conclusion: Rural population remains exposed to high level of blood sugar for long time due to lack of screening facility of diabetes at PHC level, and this increases the chance of developing various complication of diabetes mellitus.

Research paper thumbnail of Periodic paralysis: An unusual presentation of drug-induced hyperkalemia

Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, 2014

Hyperkalemia is a life-threatening electrolyte abnormality. The most common cause of hyperkalemia... more Hyperkalemia is a life-threatening electrolyte abnormality. The most common cause of hyperkalemia includes renal disease and ingestion of medications. Drug-induced hyperkalemia may develop in patients with underlying renal impairment, disturbed cellular uptake of potassium load, excessive ingestion or infusion of potassium-containing substances. We report a case of "drug-induced severe hyperkalemia" presenting as periodic paralysis. A 67-year-old diabetic and hypertensive woman presented to emergency department with the complaint of intermittent episode of inability to walk for the past 5 days. Each episode lasted for 15-20 minutes and was associated with breathlessness and restlessness. There was no family history of periodic paralysis and drug history revealed that the patient was onolmesartan 20 mg per day (for past 2 years), perindopril 4 mg per day (for past 16 months), and torsemide 10 mg/day. On examination patient was found to be conscious, alert, and afebrile. Vitals were normal. Examination of cardiovascular and respiratory system did not reveal any significant finding. Blood report of the patient showed serum K+ level 8.6 mmol/l. All other investigations were within normal limits. A diagnosis of drug-induced hyperkalemia was made. Patient responded well to the symptomatic treatment. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first case report of drug-induced hyperkalemia presenting as periodic paralysis.

Research paper thumbnail of Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and albumin adjusted-IMA (AAIMA) as biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy

Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2016

Introduction: Oxidative stress has important role in the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy ... more Introduction: Oxidative stress has important role in the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) has been recently considered as a marker of oxidative damage in diabetes. However, there is scarcity of published information about both IMA and albumin adjusted-IMA (AAIMA) in DR patients. Objectives: To evaluate the serum levels of IMA and AAIMA in patients with DR and in healthy controls. Material and methods: This was a cross sectional study. Serum was obtained to measure lipids, albumin and IMA from the the patients with DR and non-diabetic subjects. The IMA level was measured by a colorimetric albumin cobalt binding (ACB) assay and the values were presented as absorbance units (ABSU). The IMA levels were adjusted for albumin interference and the AAIMA by using a formula [Individual serum albumin/median albumin concentration of the population X IMA]. Results: This study was done on 18 DR and 20 non- diabetic patients. The mean Serum IMA values i...

Research paper thumbnail of Brain derived Neurotrophic factor: Is it spreading wings from Neurological to Metabolic Disorder

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES

Research paper thumbnail of Association of macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus with serum magnesium levels

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 2011

Diabetes mellitus and its complications are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldw... more Diabetes mellitus and its complications are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Micronutrients have been evaluated as potential preventive and therapeutic measures in diabetes. The present study evaluated serum magnesium levels in diabetic patients-uncomplicated and those with macrovascular complications. This study was done on 150 subjects (60 normal, healthy controls and 90 diabetics). The 90 diabetic patients were selected in the following categories-30 patients without complications (Study Group I), 30 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (Study Group II) and 30 diabetic patients with peripheral vascular disease (Study Group III). Plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin and serum magnesium levels were estimated in all the patients. Fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels were significantly higher in all the 3 study groups as compared to the controls, however, serum magnesium levels were significantly lower (p<0.05). In diabetic patients with coronary atherosclerosis or peripheral vascular disease, a significant negative correlation was observed between serum magnesium and fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin indicating the role of hypomagnesemia in diabetic complications. Dietary supplementation with magnesium in addition to classical therapies for diabetes may help in prevention of diabetic complications.

Research paper thumbnail of Hepcidin: A novel peptide hormone regulating iron metabolism

Clinica Chimica Acta, 2011

Hepcidin is a low-molecular weight hepatic peptide regulating iron homeostasis. Hepcidin inhibits... more Hepcidin is a low-molecular weight hepatic peptide regulating iron homeostasis. Hepcidin inhibits the cellular efflux of iron by binding to, and inducing the internalization and degradation of, ferroportin, the exclusive iron exporter in iron-transporting cells. It has been recently recognized as a main hormone behind anemia of chronic disease. A comprehensive literature search was conducted from the websites of Pubmed Central, the US National Library of Medicine's digital archive of life sciences literature (http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/) and the National Library of Medicine (http://www.ncbl.nlm.nih.gov). The data was also assessed from journals and books that published relevant articles in this field. Hepcidin regulates iron uptake constantly on a daily basis, to maintain sufficient iron stores for erythropoiesis. Hepcidin, by its iron regulatory action on iron metabolism may be expected to have an important role in immune regulation, inflammatory diseases and malignancies. Hepcidin is the underlying cause of anemia in these clinical settings. Hepcidin analysis may prove to be a novel tool for differential diagnosis and monitoring of disorders of iron metabolism, and establishment of therapeutic measures in various disease conditions like hereditary hemochromatosis, anemia associated with chronic kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis and cancers.

Research paper thumbnail of Vegetarian diet induced new onset acute gouty arthritis in a middle-aged genetically predisposed male: A rare presentation

International journal of clinical biochemistry and research, Feb 15, 2024

Gout is a metabolic disease characterised by acute or chronic arthritis which is due to depositio... more Gout is a metabolic disease characterised by acute or chronic arthritis which is due to deposition of Monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in joints and soft tissues. Classically described as a disease associated with hyperuricemia which may be due to metabolic defect in uric acid production or due to impaired renal excretion. We present a case of 45 year old nondiabetic, non-alcoholic, non-smoker male presented to orthopaedic OPD with complain of pain in right hand and left leg with restriction of joint mobility for past 14 hours. On carefully eliciting the dietary history patient revealed that he was a vegetarian and was on high purine rich diet for past 2 weeks due to family functions and various gatherings. Patient gave the history of consumption of cauliflower, mushrooms, beans along with sweetened carbonated drinks on two consecutive days before the onset of these symptoms. Serum uric acid 4.5 mg/dl, C-reactive protein was 9 mg/dl. To best of our knowledge this is the first case being reported in literatures where purine rich vegetarian diet has induced new case of gout. This kind of gout precipitation after consuming vegetarian diet is rarely reported in literature. This case report emphasizes upon the need of special caution to be taken by persons who are genetically predisposed to gout, while consuming purine rich diet like red meat, seafood, cauliflowers, spinach, rajma, Bengal gram, mushrooms, soft drinks sweetened with fructose. This is an Open Access (OA) journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

Research paper thumbnail of Associations of FPG, A1C and disease duration with protein markers of oxidative damage and antioxidative defense in type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy

Eye (London, England), 2015

PurposeTo investigate the role of protein oxidative damage and antioxidant defense in relationshi... more PurposeTo investigate the role of protein oxidative damage and antioxidant defense in relationship to hyperglycemia measured as fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (A1C), and duration of disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR).MethodsThis study recruited 23 non-diabetic subjects, 16 DM patients without any complications and 18 DR patients. The serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured. The IMA results were corrected for serum albumin. Between-group differences were studied by analysis of variance and between-variable associations were studied by Spearman's and partial correlations.ResultsIMA and cIMA values were elevated, whereas GSH was decreased in both patient groups vs controls (P<0.05), and the increase in IMA formation is not related to serum albumin changes. DR patients have much severe oxidative stress (OS) status with high IMA and cIMA, and low GSH than in the DM group (P<0.05). Bo...

Research paper thumbnail of Impromptu yet effective conduct of Jigsaw to teach a topic in biochemistry for first MBBS students

Journal of education technology in health sciences, Feb 15, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Review of Biochemistry

Research paper thumbnail of Is case based learning (CBL) an effective tool for clinico-biochemical correlation among undergraduate medical students? Perceptive evaluation of students and faculty

Aims and Objectives: Aim of this study is to create interest in medical students towards the subj... more Aims and Objectives: Aim of this study is to create interest in medical students towards the subject of biochemistry and making them understand the clinical topics in biochemistry better. Objective of this study is to incorporate CBL teaching in “schedule time limit” assigned to teach a topic in biochemistry and assess the perception of student and faculty after teaching them a clinical topic in CBL mode. Materials and Methods: After getting inform written consent total 64 students enrolled for the study. Total 4 days were allotted to teach “Calcium and Iron metabolism” as per curriculum plan of Biochemistry. Didactic lecture was delivered on Tues/Wed /Thu. One CBL module was given to each group students were motivated to do self-directed learning (SDL). On consecutive Monday one student from each group was randomly selected to present the CBL in 10 minutes. Faculty then asked relevant question regarding the topic of CBL and all students were encouraged to respond. Each CBL was thus...

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of hypothyroidism in the first trimester pregnancy in primigravida in North India

Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Colour coding to facilitate learning in a Jigsaw Classroom – sharing our experiences

Journal of Education Technology in Health Sciences, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Level of Vitamin D in hypothyroid subjects: a study on the suburban population of North-West Delhi

International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Hypertriglyceridemia in a baby with thalassemia major

Indian Journal of Medical Specialities, 2020

Thalassemia is the most common inherited hemoglobin disorder around the world. It is usually asso... more Thalassemia is the most common inherited hemoglobin disorder around the world. It is usually associated with normal serum lipid profile. However, there are a few reports in literature that hypertriglyceridemia has an association with beta-thalassemia major. We report a case of hypertriglyceridemia associated with beta-thalassemia major, in a 9-month-old female baby.

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation of a self-directed learning module for undergraduate medical students in biochemistry: sharing of an experience

International Journal of Advances in Medicine, 2020

Self-directed learning SDL is a process where learners take the initiative for their own learning... more Self-directed learning SDL is a process where learners take the initiative for their own learning, become sensitive to personal learning needs, formulate the learning objectives, search for the resources and use them judiciously and finally evaluate the learning outcome.

Research paper thumbnail of Perception of a first aid workshop conducted for training lay responders in two professional colleges in North India

Journal of Education Technology in Health Sciences, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Air Pollution and Cytokines

Journal of Medical Academics, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Significance of Ischemia-Modified Albumin as a Simple Measure of Oxidative Stress and Its Discriminatory Ability in Diabetic Retinopathy

Retina, 2016

Oxidative stress (OXS) plays critical role in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DRP). Incr... more Oxidative stress (OXS) plays critical role in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DRP). Increased concentrations of serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) have been demonstrated as a novel and inexpensive measure of oxidative stress. Although few pilot studies have reported increased IMA in DRP, the available literature is limited to comprehensively describe the potential significance of IMA in predicting DRP. The authors performed a meta-analysis to investigate IMA in DRP compared with control and diabetes mellitus subjects. The authors also performed a meta-analysis of area under curve for IMA. PubMed (Medline), Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Springer Link, and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant studies in serum IMA in DRP. The authors obtained five observational studies. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 and MEDCALC 15.8 software to present the pooled-overall effect size as standardized mean difference and overall area under curve value of IMA. Random-effects meta-analysis indicated a significant increase in serum IMA in patients with DRP compared with control (standardized mean difference = 2.48, P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.0001) and diabetes mellitus groups (standardized mean difference = 1.43, P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.0001). Our results also show that IMA can significantly predict the development of DRP (area under curve = 0.86, P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Serum IMA may be useful as a simple marker in monitoring of oxidative stress status in DRP and showed significant discriminatory ability in DRP. Future comparative studies in large are needed to further investigate IMA in different types of DRP; proliferative and nonproliferative.

Research paper thumbnail of Urban-Rural Differences in Atherogenic Dyslipidaemia (URDAD Study): A Retrospective Report on Diabetic and Non-diabetic Subjects of Northern India

Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition, 2014

Diabetes and urbanization are major contributors to increased risk factors of cardiovascular dise... more Diabetes and urbanization are major contributors to increased risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. Studying whether atherogenic dyslipidaemia increases with urbanization in type 2 diabetes mellitus is, therefore, important. The sample of the present study consisted of 400 subjects. They were categorized according to residential area and diabetes into four groups: urban diabetic group, urban non-diabetic control group (from a metropolitan city Delhi), rural non-diabetic diabetic group, and rural control group (from villages of Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana). Differences in lipid levels and risk factors of emerging cardiovascular diseases between groups were evaluated with analysis of variance. Diabetic patients of both urban and rural areas had significantly higher total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), TC to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL) ratio, TG to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL) ratio, and atherogenic ...

Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in rural population of district Sonepat, India

International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2014

Background: Both rural and urban areas in India are currently experiencing a great spurt in lifes... more Background: Both rural and urban areas in India are currently experiencing a great spurt in lifestyle diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and ischaemic heart disease. The shift in epidemiology from communicable diseases to non-communicable diseases indicates that the rural population is also at a high-risk for developing diabetes mellitus. Aims & Objective: The overall objective of present study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in rural population of district Sonepat, Haryana state. Material and Methods: The study was planned to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in various age groups by analysing the hospital record based data. Blood for glucose estimation was collected in a fluoride vacutainer and glucose was estimated by kit based GOD-POD method. Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl and or 2 hour postprandial glucose ≥ 200 mg/dl were taken as the diagnostic criteria for diagnosis. Results: Gender specific prevalence for diabetes was 19.36% and 16.98% for male and female respectively. Maximum prevalence of diabetes 41.96% was found in the age group of 46-60 yrs. In this age group Mean fasting plasma glucose among males was 149.36 ± 19.51 and among female it was 147.43 ± 18.19. Mean 2 hour postprandial plasma glucose was 259.94 ± 51.36 & 259.65 ± 51.39 in male and female respectively. Conclusion: Rural population remains exposed to high level of blood sugar for long time due to lack of screening facility of diabetes at PHC level, and this increases the chance of developing various complication of diabetes mellitus.

Research paper thumbnail of Periodic paralysis: An unusual presentation of drug-induced hyperkalemia

Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, 2014

Hyperkalemia is a life-threatening electrolyte abnormality. The most common cause of hyperkalemia... more Hyperkalemia is a life-threatening electrolyte abnormality. The most common cause of hyperkalemia includes renal disease and ingestion of medications. Drug-induced hyperkalemia may develop in patients with underlying renal impairment, disturbed cellular uptake of potassium load, excessive ingestion or infusion of potassium-containing substances. We report a case of "drug-induced severe hyperkalemia" presenting as periodic paralysis. A 67-year-old diabetic and hypertensive woman presented to emergency department with the complaint of intermittent episode of inability to walk for the past 5 days. Each episode lasted for 15-20 minutes and was associated with breathlessness and restlessness. There was no family history of periodic paralysis and drug history revealed that the patient was onolmesartan 20 mg per day (for past 2 years), perindopril 4 mg per day (for past 16 months), and torsemide 10 mg/day. On examination patient was found to be conscious, alert, and afebrile. Vitals were normal. Examination of cardiovascular and respiratory system did not reveal any significant finding. Blood report of the patient showed serum K+ level 8.6 mmol/l. All other investigations were within normal limits. A diagnosis of drug-induced hyperkalemia was made. Patient responded well to the symptomatic treatment. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first case report of drug-induced hyperkalemia presenting as periodic paralysis.

Research paper thumbnail of Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and albumin adjusted-IMA (AAIMA) as biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy

Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2016

Introduction: Oxidative stress has important role in the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy ... more Introduction: Oxidative stress has important role in the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) has been recently considered as a marker of oxidative damage in diabetes. However, there is scarcity of published information about both IMA and albumin adjusted-IMA (AAIMA) in DR patients. Objectives: To evaluate the serum levels of IMA and AAIMA in patients with DR and in healthy controls. Material and methods: This was a cross sectional study. Serum was obtained to measure lipids, albumin and IMA from the the patients with DR and non-diabetic subjects. The IMA level was measured by a colorimetric albumin cobalt binding (ACB) assay and the values were presented as absorbance units (ABSU). The IMA levels were adjusted for albumin interference and the AAIMA by using a formula [Individual serum albumin/median albumin concentration of the population X IMA]. Results: This study was done on 18 DR and 20 non- diabetic patients. The mean Serum IMA values i...

Research paper thumbnail of Brain derived Neurotrophic factor: Is it spreading wings from Neurological to Metabolic Disorder

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES

Research paper thumbnail of Association of macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus with serum magnesium levels

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 2011

Diabetes mellitus and its complications are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldw... more Diabetes mellitus and its complications are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Micronutrients have been evaluated as potential preventive and therapeutic measures in diabetes. The present study evaluated serum magnesium levels in diabetic patients-uncomplicated and those with macrovascular complications. This study was done on 150 subjects (60 normal, healthy controls and 90 diabetics). The 90 diabetic patients were selected in the following categories-30 patients without complications (Study Group I), 30 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (Study Group II) and 30 diabetic patients with peripheral vascular disease (Study Group III). Plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin and serum magnesium levels were estimated in all the patients. Fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels were significantly higher in all the 3 study groups as compared to the controls, however, serum magnesium levels were significantly lower (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). In diabetic patients with coronary atherosclerosis or peripheral vascular disease, a significant negative correlation was observed between serum magnesium and fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin indicating the role of hypomagnesemia in diabetic complications. Dietary supplementation with magnesium in addition to classical therapies for diabetes may help in prevention of diabetic complications.

Research paper thumbnail of Hepcidin: A novel peptide hormone regulating iron metabolism

Clinica Chimica Acta, 2011

Hepcidin is a low-molecular weight hepatic peptide regulating iron homeostasis. Hepcidin inhibits... more Hepcidin is a low-molecular weight hepatic peptide regulating iron homeostasis. Hepcidin inhibits the cellular efflux of iron by binding to, and inducing the internalization and degradation of, ferroportin, the exclusive iron exporter in iron-transporting cells. It has been recently recognized as a main hormone behind anemia of chronic disease. A comprehensive literature search was conducted from the websites of Pubmed Central, the US National Library of Medicine&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s digital archive of life sciences literature (http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/) and the National Library of Medicine (http://www.ncbl.nlm.nih.gov). The data was also assessed from journals and books that published relevant articles in this field. Hepcidin regulates iron uptake constantly on a daily basis, to maintain sufficient iron stores for erythropoiesis. Hepcidin, by its iron regulatory action on iron metabolism may be expected to have an important role in immune regulation, inflammatory diseases and malignancies. Hepcidin is the underlying cause of anemia in these clinical settings. Hepcidin analysis may prove to be a novel tool for differential diagnosis and monitoring of disorders of iron metabolism, and establishment of therapeutic measures in various disease conditions like hereditary hemochromatosis, anemia associated with chronic kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis and cancers.

Research paper thumbnail of Vegetarian diet induced new onset acute gouty arthritis in a middle-aged genetically predisposed male: A rare presentation

International journal of clinical biochemistry and research, Feb 15, 2024

Gout is a metabolic disease characterised by acute or chronic arthritis which is due to depositio... more Gout is a metabolic disease characterised by acute or chronic arthritis which is due to deposition of Monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in joints and soft tissues. Classically described as a disease associated with hyperuricemia which may be due to metabolic defect in uric acid production or due to impaired renal excretion. We present a case of 45 year old nondiabetic, non-alcoholic, non-smoker male presented to orthopaedic OPD with complain of pain in right hand and left leg with restriction of joint mobility for past 14 hours. On carefully eliciting the dietary history patient revealed that he was a vegetarian and was on high purine rich diet for past 2 weeks due to family functions and various gatherings. Patient gave the history of consumption of cauliflower, mushrooms, beans along with sweetened carbonated drinks on two consecutive days before the onset of these symptoms. Serum uric acid 4.5 mg/dl, C-reactive protein was 9 mg/dl. To best of our knowledge this is the first case being reported in literatures where purine rich vegetarian diet has induced new case of gout. This kind of gout precipitation after consuming vegetarian diet is rarely reported in literature. This case report emphasizes upon the need of special caution to be taken by persons who are genetically predisposed to gout, while consuming purine rich diet like red meat, seafood, cauliflowers, spinach, rajma, Bengal gram, mushrooms, soft drinks sweetened with fructose. This is an Open Access (OA) journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

Research paper thumbnail of Associations of FPG, A1C and disease duration with protein markers of oxidative damage and antioxidative defense in type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy

Eye (London, England), 2015

PurposeTo investigate the role of protein oxidative damage and antioxidant defense in relationshi... more PurposeTo investigate the role of protein oxidative damage and antioxidant defense in relationship to hyperglycemia measured as fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (A1C), and duration of disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR).MethodsThis study recruited 23 non-diabetic subjects, 16 DM patients without any complications and 18 DR patients. The serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured. The IMA results were corrected for serum albumin. Between-group differences were studied by analysis of variance and between-variable associations were studied by Spearman's and partial correlations.ResultsIMA and cIMA values were elevated, whereas GSH was decreased in both patient groups vs controls (P<0.05), and the increase in IMA formation is not related to serum albumin changes. DR patients have much severe oxidative stress (OS) status with high IMA and cIMA, and low GSH than in the DM group (P<0.05). Bo...