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Research paper thumbnail of Modeling and optimization of dilution in SAW in the presence of Cr2O3 nano-particles

The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2015

Dilution is an important quality characteristic in welding, since it influences performance of we... more Dilution is an important quality characteristic in welding, since it influences performance of welded/surfaced structures in service due to chemical and metallurgical changes in weld metal. The main objective of the present study is to develop an empirical formula for optimization of percentage dilution as affected by the combined effect of welding input parameters such as arc voltage, welding current, contact tip-to-plate distance, welding speed, and Cr2O3 nano-particles in submerged arc welding (SAW) process. The five-level five-parameter central composite rotatable design (CCRD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to develop empirical formula. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to test adequacy of the empirical formula at 95 % confidence level. The remarkable result of this investigation indicates that arc constriction is another mechanism which controls percentage dilution in SAW process. The results show that changing the thickness of Cr2O3 nano-particles from 0 to 0.25 mm increased percentage dilution from 61.5 to 62.8, whereas changing the thickness from 0.25 to 0.75 mm decreased percentage dilution from 62.8 to 59.9. However, above the thickness of 0.75 mm, percentage dilution increased from 59.9 to 60.9. Finally, the results of confirmation experiments showed that error of the empirical formula was less than 5 %.

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Research paper thumbnail of Modelling the hardness of weld metal in the submerged arc welding of low carbon steel plates: addition of CR2O3 nanoparticles

Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies, 2023

One of the mechanical properties of weldments influenced by the heat input generated by the Subme... more One of the mechanical properties of weldments influenced by the heat input generated by the Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) process is the Hardness of Weld Metal (HWM). This research was carried out to develop a non-linear regression model using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to predict the HWM in the SAW of low-carbon steel plates (St37) in the presence of Cr2O3 nanoparticles. For developing the regression model, current, voltage, stick-out, welding speed, and Cr2O3 nanoparticles were considered as the input variables and the HWM as the response. Analysis of variance was carried out to check the validity of the regression model and decide on the significant variables affecting the HWM. SEM and EDX analysis were performed on the weld to study the microstructure and elemental variables. The main and interactive effects of the input variables on the HWM were presented in graphical forms and analysed. The results showed that increasing the thickness of Cr2O3 nanoparticles increased the HWM due to grain refinement in the weld metal. Furthermore, optimisation of the model was developed for finding the optimum values of the HWM. Finally, confirmation tests were carried out and they indicated that the error of the empirical model was 4.36%.

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Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Boehmite Nanoparticles Surface Adsorbed with Vanadium on the Microstructure and Hardness of the Melted Zone in the Submerged Arc Welding Process

Journal of Engineering Research and Reports, 2021

One of the most important weld quality characteristics related to the strength of the weld is the... more One of the most important weld quality characteristics related to the strength of the weld is the hardness of melted zone (HMZ) that is affected by different input parameters in the submerged arc welding process. In recent years, expensive nanomaterials have been effectively used in improving the quality of products in various fields. Keeping this in mind, it was therefore, decided to use a cost-effective approach to extract expensive and poisonous vanadium, from the hazardous wastewater collected from the Bistoon thermal power plant in Kermanshah province in Iran, and then introduce it into the weld pool via the cheap boehmite nanoparticles to investigate its impact on the HMZ. A five-level five-factor rotatable central composite design was then employed for collecting data in modeling of the HMZ as a function of arc voltage (V), welding current (I), stick-out (N), welding speed (S), and thickness of boehmite nanoparticles surface adsorbed with vanadium (F) coated on low-carbon steel plates (St37) prior to actual welding. The results showed that the addition of boehmite nanoparticles surface adsorbed with vanadium increased the HMZ by 13 % approximately.

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Research paper thumbnail of Effect of zirconium oxide nano particles in submerged arc welding process (In Persian)

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the combined effect of zirconium oxide nano-particles and weldin... more ABSTRACT This paper investigates the combined effect of zirconium oxide nano-particles and welding input parameters such as the arc voltage, welding current, contact tip-to-plate distance and welding speed on the weld bead height in submerged arc welding (SAW) process. Experiments were performed based on five-level five-factor central composite rotatable design (CCRD) of experiments. In this respect, the height of weld beads was measured and modeled by using response surface methodology (RSM). It has been concluded that the non-linear equation was accurate in predicting the weld bead height.

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Research paper thumbnail of Effect of combining Cr2O3 nano-particles and welding input parameters on the heat affected zone width in submerged arc welding process

4th International Conference on Ultrafine Grained and Nano-Structured Materials, Nov 5, 2013

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Research paper thumbnail of Modeling and optimization of dilution in SAW in the presence of Cr2O3 nano-particles

The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2015

Dilution is an important quality characteristic in welding, since it influences performance of we... more Dilution is an important quality characteristic in welding, since it influences performance of welded/surfaced structures in service due to chemical and metallurgical changes in weld metal. The main objective of the present study is to develop an empirical formula for optimization of percentage dilution as affected by the combined effect of welding input parameters such as arc voltage, welding current, contact tip-to-plate distance, welding speed, and Cr2O3 nano-particles in submerged arc welding (SAW) process. The five-level five-parameter central composite rotatable design (CCRD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to develop empirical formula. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to test adequacy of the empirical formula at 95 % confidence level. The remarkable result of this investigation indicates that arc constriction is another mechanism which controls percentage dilution in SAW process. The results show that changing the thickness of Cr2O3 nano-particles from 0 to 0.25 mm increased percentage dilution from 61.5 to 62.8, whereas changing the thickness from 0.25 to 0.75 mm decreased percentage dilution from 62.8 to 59.9. However, above the thickness of 0.75 mm, percentage dilution increased from 59.9 to 60.9. Finally, the results of confirmation experiments showed that error of the empirical formula was less than 5 %.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling the hardness of weld metal in the submerged arc welding of low carbon steel plates: addition of CR2O3 nanoparticles

Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies, 2023

One of the mechanical properties of weldments influenced by the heat input generated by the Subme... more One of the mechanical properties of weldments influenced by the heat input generated by the Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) process is the Hardness of Weld Metal (HWM). This research was carried out to develop a non-linear regression model using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to predict the HWM in the SAW of low-carbon steel plates (St37) in the presence of Cr2O3 nanoparticles. For developing the regression model, current, voltage, stick-out, welding speed, and Cr2O3 nanoparticles were considered as the input variables and the HWM as the response. Analysis of variance was carried out to check the validity of the regression model and decide on the significant variables affecting the HWM. SEM and EDX analysis were performed on the weld to study the microstructure and elemental variables. The main and interactive effects of the input variables on the HWM were presented in graphical forms and analysed. The results showed that increasing the thickness of Cr2O3 nanoparticles increased the HWM due to grain refinement in the weld metal. Furthermore, optimisation of the model was developed for finding the optimum values of the HWM. Finally, confirmation tests were carried out and they indicated that the error of the empirical model was 4.36%.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Boehmite Nanoparticles Surface Adsorbed with Vanadium on the Microstructure and Hardness of the Melted Zone in the Submerged Arc Welding Process

Journal of Engineering Research and Reports, 2021

One of the most important weld quality characteristics related to the strength of the weld is the... more One of the most important weld quality characteristics related to the strength of the weld is the hardness of melted zone (HMZ) that is affected by different input parameters in the submerged arc welding process. In recent years, expensive nanomaterials have been effectively used in improving the quality of products in various fields. Keeping this in mind, it was therefore, decided to use a cost-effective approach to extract expensive and poisonous vanadium, from the hazardous wastewater collected from the Bistoon thermal power plant in Kermanshah province in Iran, and then introduce it into the weld pool via the cheap boehmite nanoparticles to investigate its impact on the HMZ. A five-level five-factor rotatable central composite design was then employed for collecting data in modeling of the HMZ as a function of arc voltage (V), welding current (I), stick-out (N), welding speed (S), and thickness of boehmite nanoparticles surface adsorbed with vanadium (F) coated on low-carbon steel plates (St37) prior to actual welding. The results showed that the addition of boehmite nanoparticles surface adsorbed with vanadium increased the HMZ by 13 % approximately.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of zirconium oxide nano particles in submerged arc welding process (In Persian)

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the combined effect of zirconium oxide nano-particles and weldin... more ABSTRACT This paper investigates the combined effect of zirconium oxide nano-particles and welding input parameters such as the arc voltage, welding current, contact tip-to-plate distance and welding speed on the weld bead height in submerged arc welding (SAW) process. Experiments were performed based on five-level five-factor central composite rotatable design (CCRD) of experiments. In this respect, the height of weld beads was measured and modeled by using response surface methodology (RSM). It has been concluded that the non-linear equation was accurate in predicting the weld bead height.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of combining Cr2O3 nano-particles and welding input parameters on the heat affected zone width in submerged arc welding process

4th International Conference on Ultrafine Grained and Nano-Structured Materials, Nov 5, 2013

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact