Porag Kalita - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Porag Kalita

1. Abstract ... more 1. Abstract
A report of planning commission, entitled, “India vision 2020’’, that the percentage of CO2 in the atmosphere will go up by over 22% by 2020, as a result CO and CO2 respectively, effect in human blood. Similarly, the percentage of SO2 will more than double by then, as a result SO2 effect in human eye, nose etc., due to the rapid growth of industries, may reduce the green house gas.
Automobile is a major source of contribution to air pollution, i.e. CO2, CO, NOx & SPM etc, and which is impact on climate.

HC+O HC + O
H2O and CO2 Some H2O and Some CO2
(Complete Combustion) Some CO and Some HC
(In- complete combustion)
Method of ignition in petrol engine air fuel mixture mixed and compressed in the combustion chamber as a result power development ,During the combustion process , when exhaust emission goes to air than , than Hydrogen mixed with Oxygen (O2) produce H2O and Carbon mixed with Oxygen produced CO, CO2 respectively. If the combustion is not perfect, contain Hydrocarbon, Carbon monoxide and Sulphur dioxide are left, as a result pollute the atmosphere.

The great economic growth in India in the past three decades results in an enormous increase in energy demand as well as greenhouse gas emission. India as one of the largest economy and became the top ten position emitter of CO2 , in the world decade ago. India becomes the major contribution for the global warming. Green House Gas: It is consists of Carbon dioxide (CO2) and Methane: 25% of Sun energy reflected back to the Space, 25% absorbed by atmosphere , 5% immediately effect the earth, 45% heats of the earth. Etc.
This paper describes, to corresponding engine and vehicle side technologies and measures for an average reduction of CO2 to protect the Green House Gas.
Key Word: Climate Change, Carbon dioxide, Green house gas.

To control the Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), there are only one method is available by Exhaust Gas Re... more To control the Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), there are only one method is available by Exhaust Gas Re-Circulation (EGR). NOx control system that recycles a small part of the inert exhaust gas back through the intake manifold through EGR valve, to the combustion temperature and this system is called EGR system. OBD-II, systems were designed to maintain low emissions of in use vehicles, including light and medium duty vehicles. As per Environment Protection Agency, (EPA) USA, and CARB standards the failure criteria for the catalyst monitor diagnostic are the following: 1. Linear EGR Flow rate: Abnormal low and high flow rate exceeding the specified low and high flow rate that will result in exceeding any of the applicable FTP x 1.5. 2. EGR system component: Any component of the systems performing outside of the speciation's that will result in exceeding any of the applicable FTP x 1.5. Enable Linear Flow Diagnostic means, the inputs to Enable linear EGR flow diagnostics are : No fault active on TPS, MAP , vehicle speed, intake air temperature, Idle air control, EGR pintle , Misfire, Transmission and coolant temperature etc. EPA regulations required linear EGR system monitoring to determine if there is a restriction in the exhaust gas recirculation systems. The diagnosis is based on the fact in properly functioning systems, given all other things being constant and normal; there is a direct completion between linear EGR Flow rate and manifold air pressure (MAP) changes.

. Abstract A report of planning commission, entitled, “India vision 2020’’, that the perc... more . Abstract
A report of planning commission, entitled, “India vision 2020’’, that the percentage of CO2 in the atmosphere will go up by over 22% by 2020, as a result CO and CO2 respectively, effect in human blood. Similarly, the percentage of SO2 will more than double by then, as a result SO2 effect in human eye, nose etc., due to the rapid growth of industries, may reduce the green house gas.
Automobile is a major source of contribution to air pollution, i.e. CO2, CO, NOx & SPM etc, and which is impact on climate.

1. Abstract: Communication is the transfer of information and understanding from one person... more 1. Abstract:

Communication is the transfer of information and understanding from one person to another person. It is a way of reaching others with idea, facts, thoughts, feelings and values.

As we all know, no organization can exist without a communication system. If there is no communication the people do not know what other doing. We may say that communication is investable part of an organization, special reference to the rural development.

The diagonal communication is the fourth channel in an organizational hierarchy.

From the above, it is perceived that the word “Communication” has the features of interaction, interchange, sharing and commonness.

Key word: Diagonal Communication; Grapevine; Multifarious way; two way communication.

In the present era where there is a cut-throat competition at every stage of industrial activitie... more In the present era where there is a cut-throat competition at every stage of industrial activities, the aim of industrial unit is not to produce the commodities only but it should produce the goods to meet the requirements of the company’s customer to their maximum satisfaction. The industrial house should be aware at the least cost and to the maximum satisfaction of the customers.

To satisfy customers is not an easy job. For this the production Manager is concerned with the way in which methodology is used. The new product development process consists by: Idea generation, screening, Business analysis, Development, Test marketing & commercialization.
Key Word: Customers, Decision Making, introductory stage, Product Management decline stage,

1. Abstract Quality and Reliability terms are often used in relation to each other in referenc... more 1. Abstract
Quality and Reliability terms are often used in relation to each other in reference to product or service. Though, both the terms seems to have independent meaning, but are interdependent while using these terms in reference to product or service. So, we must consider both the terms carefully so as to provide an integrated and total view of all aspects which form Quality Consciousness, at all stages (conception, design, manufacturing, marketing etc.) in the life cycle of a product.

The modern concept of Quality Assurance (QA) is normally used to achieve a balance of all the three aspects- 1) Quality, 2) Reliability and 3) Maintainability etc.

For the competitive environment, Quality Assurance (QA) has gained wide importance in industry and is generally being introduced and experimental in educational institutions. However, educational system can’t be treated as industry. But, there are similarities with respect to their sub-components. Each of these viewed, as a system consists of input, process, management, resource, output and feedback. Vocational Educational institution system is complex, as it involves human being as input and output from the system. Students are input and customer too.

Therefore, Organization Culture it is important in promoting of TQM, because it is consist by Teachers feel free to contribute ideas and their involvement in problem solving and decision making.

Leadership is responsible for promoting commitment in an educational institution special reference of vocational education towards skill development. Leadership is not autocracy or democracy. The various management experts become a ‘situation’ leader by coordinating with staff about what kind of leadership they need through a diagnostic process of analyzing their students need

Key Words: Quality, Quality Assurance, Reliability, Maintainability, Leadership

1. Abstract: A dynamo is device for automobiles that converts mechanical energy into the Electric... more 1. Abstract: A dynamo is device for automobiles that converts mechanical energy into the Electrical Energy, and it is a direct –current generator, widely used but less efficient than the more modern alternator. Principal of Generator is that " an electromotive force may be statically induced or dynamically induced by the electromagnetic induction ". A dynamo is a machine in which a coil or conductor is rotated. The coils on the rotating parts are termed as the armature. The armature conductors cuts the magnetic flux, an e.m.f. is induced in the armature conductors. This is due to faradays' Law of electromagnetic induction. The generator is driven by the V-belt which is gets drive from the crankshaft. It converts mechanical energy obtained from the engine into electrical energy. Its main function is to recharge the battery and also supplier's engine is running. Alternators can give current output up to 33 mps whereas a dynamo output is limited to 12-14 amps.

1. Abstract: Advertising, though impersonal in character, could create promotional influence i... more 1. Abstract:
Advertising, though impersonal in character, could create promotional influence in persuading prospects to become customers. The American Marketing Association has defined Advertising as, “any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of goods, services or ideas by an identined sponsor”.

For the tourism industry development, an advertisement copy contains various elements as headline, sub-headlines, slogans, illustration, body of the copy and identification. However, advertising is consisting by two ways, i.e. Social and product. For the social advertising, the culture is always emphasized and hence it is not true advertising and for the product advertising , culture does not emphasized , therefore, it is true advertising and it’s called Billboard i. e. universal truth.

Headline should be short and sweet to arrest the attention of the reader for tourist. Informative Headline is effective as they are designed to attract the attention of the readers who are in hurry. Sub Headline, these are subordinate captions that simply expand the headline thought. Slogan is very single word or a group of words regularly used by advertiser to impress upon the readers a basic idea.

The advertiser must have a working knowledge towards Tourism Development of the various types that may be used and can request the printer to give him a Type Specimen Book so that appropriate types may be selected and indicated. Topography is the art of printing. Types must be so selected as to secure the attention of the reader and should be legible and easily readable. By the proper use of types, the advertisement can be made to look more interesting.

Kew word: Advertisement Copy, Sub- Headline, Slogan,

1. Abstract: Blow by means, “Leakage of gases from the engine cylinder into the crank-case be... more 1. Abstract:
Blow by means, “Leakage of gases from the engine cylinder into the crank-case because of unsatisfactory action of the position rings”.

An engine is a prime mover with the help of which heat energy obtained from the fuel, is converted into mechanical energy. Internal Combustion Engine (I.C.) that engine which combustion takes place outside the engine. Piston means that the reciprocating part of the engine is directly moved by the exploding fuel air mixture. However, petrol supplied to the engine should be completely vaporized before actual combustion and it is possible when it is broken up to a fine spray, i.e. atomized and atomization process takes place normally in the inlet manifold. The complete combustion of fuel requires 15 parts by weight of air to mix with 1 part by weight of petrol is called air fuel ratio.

Piston rings are made of a high grade of cast iron, centrifugal cast and precision ground. Piston blow-by occurs when the cylinder wears down owing to high temperature. The rings are not able to seal both the compression and combustion pressure. Such a leakage past the piston to combustion chamber is known as piston blow-by. Oil and gases get past the piston.

Abstract Education plays a vital role in bringing out a change in society. It changes the beh... more Abstract

Education plays a vital role in bringing out a change in society. It changes the behavior and attitude of the people in the society. Without education , the individual is not qualified for group life. So, education is preparing the individuals to fetch knowledge and life experience through learning and share the same that is needed for group life. For the competitive environment of the present educational system towards 10+2 Level, Total Quality Management (TQM) has gained wide importance and is generally being introduce and experimental in educational institutions.

TQM means, “ A management approach to an organization centered on quality, based on the participation of all its members and aiming at long-term success through student satisfaction and benefits to the members of the educational institutions and to Society”.

Many teachers in educational institutions think that TQM is achieving set standard. But it is not so. TQM involves managing the process of change. Generally teachers are not welcome change and prefer not to change. The most important change taking place onside an effective TQM process is the changing behavior of students. For a comprehensive approach of TQM for vocational education & training (VET), the Seven S’s approach is important to be considered. The Seven S’s approach describe clearly the organizational change process with respect to Total quality Management. The seven S’s relate to:
1. Strategy, 5. Skills,
2. Structures, 6. Style,
3. Systems, 7. Shared Value etc.
4. Staff,

Abstract In economic terms, “Globalization” means increasing integration with the World econom... more Abstract

In economic terms, “Globalization” means increasing integration with the World economy. It means developing an outward market orientation rather than the inward looking policy of depending solely on domestic markets.

Now a days technological aspect play a significant role in all activities for changing their economic, social, Political and Cultural statue of human being especially for Women development. Technologies are implemented in agriculture activities for the purpose of cultivation pf high yielding corps, to increase production, productivity of the lands for improving the standard of living of the people.

At present, the Govt. of Assam has implemented various technological training programmes to rural women to achieving a competitive edge through people. Everyone has accepted the preparation of readymade garments as a suitable technology. Women are more acquainted to this technology than man is. The trend for using readymade garments for such business is increasing alarmingly and the younger generation is very much fond of the same-

Readymade garments business has the feature of attracting fashion lovers.
Time factor, which induce, motivate the person to go for readymade garments.
Readymade garments are cheaper the cloths. Etc.

In general, these technologies, which increase the employment opportunity, improve the quality of life of the rural women due to globalization impact, and do we have a choice to make empowerment of women.

A machine can do the work of fifty ordinary workers. However, it cannot do the work of even one extraordinary worker. Therefore, it is evident that the object of an organization will be achieved only by the human resource. For that to happen facilitation of the employees to work is essential. In today’s context, one of the most powerful facilitating tools is the concept of Empowerment.

The definition of Empowerment, “Empowerment is a feeling on the part of the employee that one controls the work environment by taking the decision”.

This paper, discussion on technology development means the opt technology/innovative modes which may have a bearing on the income generation of rural women.

1. Abstract: Production management alternatively referred to as manufacturing management, is r... more 1. Abstract:
Production management alternatively referred to as manufacturing management, is required for transforming raw materials and partly, fabricated materials into finished products. Production management does not imply management of productive process alone, but it covers all those activities which go into the making of production.

Decision making means, “That thinking process which leads logically in the recognition of specific wants and hence to the determination to attain these wants by use of selected means, that actual use of selected means is the characteristics differentiating decision making from decision implementation”. The decision making consists of perception, conception, investigation, deliberation, selection and promulgation etc.

For the production planning, the basic fundamentals involved in production, which is depending mainly , standard continuous type manufacturing plants such as those producing rayon cement, paper etc.; standardized repetitive type of manufacturing plants such as automobiles , air craft etc, ; and non- standard job-shop type of plant which produces parts for various engineering industries.

Therefore, entrepreneurship development as SMEs i.e. automobiles industry, the reliability and maintainability is depending on Quality Assurance (QA). Because, the modern concept of Quality Assurance is normally used to achieve a balance of three aspects i.e. Quality, Reliability and Maintainability etc. Normally, reliability and maintainability go tighter and both concern over the life of the system because the required is to be maintained. It is always possible to trade off reliability against maintainability with minimum loss of use as the optimizing factor. This concept is covered on board basis in the modern concept of Total Quality Circle. TQC is a group of activity, it can’t do individual. Its calls team work.

Key word: Decision making production planning; production Process; Reliability and Maintainability; Total Quality Circle (TQC), Total Quality Management (TQM).

1. Abstract: Due to the globalization impact, now days, everybody talks to resource mobilizati... more 1. Abstract:
Due to the globalization impact, now days, everybody talks to resource mobilization in India and therefore, in terms of hard infrastructure development by road transport industries are providing satisfactory among the people and wining public confidence. In India, large road transports organizations have computerized in different areas of their operational to get better and faster information for the management control and reduce cost and to take care in volume of date. Therefore, Truck History Card is an important factor that affects the performance of Truck/Drivers, towards faster information as well reduces the road accidents. However, paper works in road transport is very high and it is very difficult to keep records of accomplishment of all important factors.

The Efficient road transports as well as individual mobility along with buses are necessary in an economic cycle of production, distribution and consumption. Common application areas by computer in road transports industries are: Statement of Consignment Notes (Sales), Statement of Lorry wise challan (purchase), Costing Statement, Party wise business statement, Outstanding Statement, Other MIS and misc reports etc.

However, as per study, it was found that it is widely accepted that 90% of the information required for driving is visual and that natural changes, mainly related to aging, might affect driving ability. The biggest question today is, while the driver is going to brake applied, this force is increasing by 8 times of as per horse power. A rough comparison between the horse power developed by the engine and the horse power controlled by the brakes

Writers on transportation have forecast the future based on the continuation of presently existing and visible trends in technology, organization and physical management.
Key words: Hard infrastructure, Road Accidents, TOS, Truck History Card, Vehicle Ledger, Fuel Consumption, Vehicle Weight and Horse Power, vehicle Ledger, Intelligent vehicles and intelligent highway (IVHS).

We know that E-learning can generate knowledge via numerous academic activities in college/univer... more We know that E-learning can generate knowledge via numerous academic activities in college/university environments and it is critical as it aims to guide future strategies development initiatives in E-learning. Now - a– days, chemistry teaching had become more vibrant with interactions between teachers and learners increasing. Presently, college/university that teaches chemistry has well- equipped laborites by practical activities.

The goal towards development of research activities are to teach students what in the chemistry curriculum while encouraging them to relate the knowledge to their daily lives and the following primary objectives:

# Through logical thinking, discussion, research and conclusions and motivate students to group scientific concepts and facts.
# imparts knowledge of students in the form of scientific concepts and facts facilitate their understanding and explanation loosed on scientific methods such as observation and experiments, etc.

The over and above, development of research activities towards chemical education, this could be achieved by equipping class rooms with the internet, laptops and others electronics tools and need of teachers could be encouraged.

. Abstract: OBD-II tests all sensors, actuators (valves), switches and wiring for proper ... more . Abstract:
OBD-II tests all sensors, actuators (valves), switches and wiring for proper connectivity and checks the inputs and outputs of each device are within allowed range of valves in automobiles. We know that sensor is consisting by three parts, i.e. Sensor; a Single Processor and a display Device etc.

Oxygen sensor is an electronic device used to measure the oxygen content in exhaust gases , which is known as lambda sensor and there are two types of Exhaust Gas Oxygen ( EGO) sensors and both based on the use of oxides of materials.

Key Words: Actuators, Display device, heat exchange, Monitoring temperature, Sensors, Single processor etc.

Abstract “The Winner says, ‘It may b... more Abstract
“The Winner says, ‘It may be difficult but it’s Possible’
“The Loser says, ‘It may be possible but it’s too difficult”

The Japanese Quality Guru, Taguchi beautifully describe the definition of Quality, “Bad Quality” as “Loss of Society”. According to him, a supplier who consistently provides bad quality and services by “Worst”, than a thief.

TQM involves on an affective decision making, effecting problem solving and integration of quality planning. TQM is not a set of rules or procedure. It is more in the nature of a culture or philosophy visible throughout the organization.

For the competitive environment, TQM has gained wide importance in industry and is generally being introduced and experimental in educational sectors.

However, educational system can’t treat as industry but, there are similarities with respect to their sub-components. Each of these viewed as a system consists of input, process, management, resource, output and feedback. Educational institutions system is complex as it involves human beings as input to and output from the system. Students are input and customer too.
Therefore, organization culture which is importance to promoting of TQM, because it is consist by teacher feel free to contribute ideas and their involvement in problem solving and decision making.

Awareness k A Control

Abstract The Japanese quality Guru Taguchi beautifully describe about the definition of quality ... more Abstract
The Japanese quality Guru Taguchi beautifully describe about the definition of quality – “bad quality” as “loss of society”. According to him, a supplier who consistently provides bad quality goods and services is “wrong” than a thief.

The new economic policies of the Govt of India aimed at globalization represent a Copernican Revolution in economic thinking in this country. Therefore, Total Quality Leadership is a strategic approach to producing best students from the educational institutions.

Leadership means, “Process of influencing group activities towards the accomplishment of goals in a given situation”. From this definition says:
1. Leadership is a relationship between two or more.
2. Leadership does not grow in a vacuum.
3. Leadership is function of a leader, etc.

1. Abstract: Brainstorming is an effe... more 1. Abstract:
Brainstorming is an effective technique to help a quality improvement team identify a problem and come up with solutions. 1930s , brainstorming makes use of lateral or right brain thinking .It is a way of getting a large numbers of ideas form a group of people in a short time. It has three basic types: To identify problems, Sort out causes from effects, and Come up with creative solutions, etc, and it has three basic types:

# To identify problems,
# Sort out causes from effects,
# Come up with creative solutions, etc.

Key word: Brainstorming, Data allocation , Effective Technique, TQM, TQC,

1. Abstract For the competitive environment, Total Quality Management (TQM) has gained wide i... more 1. Abstract
For the competitive environment, Total Quality Management (TQM) has gained wide importance in industry and is generally being introduced and experimental in vocational education in (10+2) Level. However, educational system can’t be treated as industry. But, there are similarities with respect to their sub-components. Each of these viewed, as a system consists of input, process, management, resource, output and feedback. Educational institution system is complex, as it involves human being as input and output from the system. Students are input and customer too.

Total Quality Circle (TQC) is a group of activity and can’t be done by individuals. It calls team work. TQC is not miracle drug; its properties are more like those of China herb medicine. Quality Circle means, “ It is a small group of teachers in the same work area or doing similar type of work who voluntarily meet regularly for about to identify , analyses and resolve work related problems, not only improve quality of education and total performance of educational institution”.

Key word: Total Quality Management (TQM, Total Quality Circle (TQC, Quality Assurance,