vijayasarathi Prabakaran - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by vijayasarathi Prabakaran

Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer-Verlag. Th... more Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer-Verlag. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self-archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your work, please use the accepted author's version for posting to your own website or your institution's repository. You may further deposit the accepted author's version on a funder's repository at a funder's request, provided it is not made publicly available until 12 months after publication.

Australian Journal of Multi-disciplinary Engineering, Apr 5, 2023

This study examined the impact of a combination of hardened and tempered surface change technolog... more This study examined the impact of a combination of hardened and tempered surface change technologies and AlCrN coating on the tribological characteristics of AISID2 steel. The duplex surface change, such as the combination of a heat treatment at 600°C for 1 hr and a PVD (sputtering), archives the superior wear resistance and mechanical properties. AlCrN coating has been implemented in AISID2 steel after a hardened and tempered treatment. This process was carried out as part of an appropriate thermal treatment cycle in accordance with ASM Vol.2. Subsequently, the AlCrN coating synthesised by PVD (sputtering) improves the adhesion between the coatings and the AISID2 steel. The wear properties according to ASTMG99 have been tested with a typical load of 10N, 20N and 30N for a sliding distance of 6000 m with a constant velocity of 1.256 ms −1 in wet conditions. Tests revealed that the AlCrN coating deposited on the hardened and tempered steel was more resistant to wear than the AlCrN coating applied to the unhardened steel. Therefore, it should be possible to implement the results of this study for forming operations with low COF and a low amount of resulting wear such as drawing and rolling in dies.

South African Journal of Chemical Engineering

Reports on the presence and toxicity of Pb 2+ in various chemical industrial effluents energized ... more Reports on the presence and toxicity of Pb 2+ in various chemical industrial effluents energized researchers to investigate several feasible, efficient, precise, and sensitive techniques for determining and removing Pb 2+ from aqueous systems. The current work proposes the adsorption of Pb 2+ onto the stem of parthenium as a continuation of a series of investigations. In order to find the ideal circumstances for the most effective removal of lead, optimization of Pb 2+ sorption potential-affecting factors, such as pH, contact duration, temperature, adsorbent dosage, and concentration of Pb 2+ as sorbate, were investigated. The response surface approach was used to assess experiments that were carried out using a rotatable Box-Behnken design (BBD) (RSM). The influence of three independent variables-the pH of the precursor solution (4-5), the initial lead content (15-25 mg/l), and the dose of biomass (20-40 g/l)-were assessed in response to the biosorption process. The optimum pH, lead ion concentration, and biomass dosage for lead biosorption were ascertained to be 5 pH, 20 mg/L, and 30 g/L, respectively. The Parthenium stem powder can reduce the concentration of lead in an aqueous solution by up to 72.74% for 20 mg/l at pH=5 and 260°C. It has been shown that 1.5 g/100 ml of parthenium stem powder and a 50-minute equilibrium duration are the most effective parameters. The amount of lead absorbed from the aqueous solution increases with an increase in the adsorbent's dosage. Freundlich and Langmuir models in both linear and nonlinear variants were used to comprehend the nature of the adsorption process. By analysing the kinetics and thermodynamics of the process, the feasibility and viability of the sorption process were assessed. The adsorption process was quite rapid, according to the kinetic analyses, and equilibrium was attained after 50 min of contact time. The spontaneous nature of the adsorption process was revealed by the negative values of free energy change. Studies on thermodynamics showed that reactions were exothermic, although research on kinetics revealed that reactions is indeed pseudo-second order.

International Journal of Research, 2014

The effect of processing parameters on the mechanical and metallurgical properties of two similar... more The effect of processing parameters on the mechanical and metallurgical properties of two similar joints of AA1100 produced by friction stir welding was analysed in this investigated.

Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, 2017

In this study the microstructure and wear characteristics of uncoated, TiAlN, AlCrN, and TiCN mul... more In this study the microstructure and wear characteristics of uncoated, TiAlN, AlCrN, and TiCN multilayer coated AISI 410 stainless steel. Tribological properties of the coatings were investigated by high carbon steel ball friction in dry sliding, sliding velocity of 0.3927 m s−1, sliding distance of 248.43 m, and under a load range of 2–4 N at room temperature. Among all the multilayer coatings tested, TiCN gave the superior wear resistance, followed by TiAlN and AlCrN. This indicates that the presence of C in TiCN coating leads to increase the wear resistance. At 2–3 N load in which oxidation was present, AlCrN coating shows the excellent wear resistance followed by TiAlN and TiCN coatings. The coating with a TiAlN proved good to acceptable wear resistance between 3 N and 4 N load. The wear rates and worn surfaces were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) attachment), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Talysurf profilometry analy...

In windmill induction generator wound rotor shaft is very crucial to make power production from t... more In windmill induction generator wound rotor shaft is very crucial to make power production from the wind. so design and material selection of wound rotor is very challenging one. This work deals with In 2.1 MW wind mill the replacement of conventional two-piece steel rotor shaft with a single-piece wound rotor STEEL (SM45C) material in 50 HZ and 60 HZ various frequency at various speed like Rated speed (1512 rpm), over speed (2150 rpm), critical speed (2580 rpm) conditions structural analysis and its performance to select proper material and make the perfect design to avoid the defects and better efficiency of power production.

This study examined the impact of a combination of hardened and tempered surface change technolog... more This study examined the impact of a combination of hardened and tempered surface change technologies and AlCrN coating on the tribological characteristics of AISID2 steel. The duplex surface change, such as the combination of a heat treatment at 600°C for 1 hr and a PVD (sputtering), archives the superior wear resistance and mechanical properties. AlCrN coating has been implemented in AISID2 steel after a hardened and tempered treatment. This process was carried out as part of an appropriate thermal treatment cycle in accordance with ASM Vol.2. Subsequently, the AlCrN coating synthesised by PVD (sputtering) improves the adhesion between the coatings and the AISID2 steel. The wear properties according to ASTMG99 have been tested with a typical load of 10N, 20N and 30N for a sliding distance of 6000 m with a constant velocity of 1.256 ms −1 in wet conditions. Tests revealed that the AlCrN coating deposited on the hardened and tempered steel was more resistant to wear than the AlCrN coating applied to the unhardened steel. Therefore, it should be possible to implement the results of this study for forming operations with low COF and a low amount of resulting wear such as drawing and rolling in dies.

TiAlN films were deposited on a high-speed steel (HSS) tool by a physical vapor deposition techni... more TiAlN films were deposited on a high-speed steel (HSS) tool by a physical vapor deposition technique. This study describes the deposition, characterization and coating phase composition of the composite coating. Dry turning tests were carried out on martensitic stainless steel AISI410 with three series of cutting speed: 30, 120 and 180 m/min, while the depth of cut and feed rate were kept constant at 1 mm and 0.15 mm/rev, respectively. The machined work piece surface roughness, adhesive strength and cutting force of the coated cutting tool were studied. The wear rate and worn surface of the cutting tools were also studied with scanning electron microscopy. The test results show that the cutting performance of the HSS cutting tool was improved with the covering of the TiAlN coating with at least two times increase of cutting life.

Emerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The compan... more Emerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services. Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation.

In this work, the dry sliding wear test of uncoated and multilayer TiCN-coated AISI 410 steel ag... more In this work, the dry sliding wear test of uncoated
and multilayer TiCN-coated AISI 410 steel against high carbon steel disc recognized at 2.30267 ms-1 sliding speeds and
under a three series load of 5, 10 and 20 N at room temperature.
On account of the more coherent interface between TiCN and
C probably found, there are high hardness and superior wear
resistance. Compared to AISI 410 uncoated steel, the presence
of C in the multilayer TiCN coatings leads to reduced coefficient of friction and wear loss. The multilayer TiCN coating is
characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron
microscopy, micro-hardness and pin-on-disc tribometer tests.
The more grooving region, pits and ploughing ridge were
examined on the worn surface of the AISI 410 uncoated steel.
The result shows hard multilayer TiCN-coated particles
viewing on the worn surface of the high carbon steel disc.

In this study the microstructure and wear characteristics of uncoated, TiAlN, AlCrN, and TiCN mul... more In this study the microstructure and wear characteristics of uncoated, TiAlN, AlCrN, and TiCN multilayer coated AISI 410 stainless steel. Tribological properties of the coatings were investigated by high carbon steel ball friction in dry sliding, sliding velocity of 0.3927 m s À1 , sliding distance of 248.43 m, and under a load range of 2-4 N at room temperature. Among all the multilayer coatings tested, TiCN gave the superior wear resistance, followed by TiAlN and AlCrN. This indicates that the presence of C in TiCN coating leads to increase the wear resistance. At 2-3 N load in which oxidation was present, AlCrN coating shows the excellent wear resistance followed by TiAlN and TiCN coatings. The coating with a TiAlN proved good to acceptable wear resistance between 3 N and 4 N load. The wear rates and worn surfaces were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) attachment), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Talysurf profilometry analysis, which demonstrate that the grooved regions, pits, ploughing ridge, and cavities were found along the worn surface of the uncoated, TiAlN, and AlCrN coated surface. This result exposed that hard-coated particles were observed on the high carbon steel ball surface.

We present the performance of dry sliding metal-metal wear performance of AISI SS410 and TiC -N c... more We present the performance of dry sliding metal-metal wear performance of AISI SS410 and TiC -N coated specimens at room temperature. In this investigation, the ball cratering abrasive wear testing method was used with a various loads of 2N, 3N and 4N, with total sliding distance of 353.43 m and at a constant sliding speed of 0.3927 ms-1. In this testing machine the abrasive ball of high carbon steel with 750 HV at 100 g load is rotated against the TiC -N composite coated and uncoated AISI SS410. The worn surfaces were examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (with EDAX attachment). The more grooving region, pits, ploughing ridge were found on the worn surface of the high carbon steel.

Kinetic Energy Recovery System, which is commonly acronymed as KERS, is a system to recover the K... more Kinetic Energy Recovery System, which is commonly acronymed as KERS, is a system to recover the Kinetic energy of a moving vehicle while braking. This system stores the kinetic energy in the form of potential energy and when needed it's converted back to kinetic energy. When riding a bicycle it becomes too tedious to start the bicycle again after braking. The rider will have two sources of power that the rider can use at his desire, when the bicycle is provided with a kinetic energy recovery system. When the brakes are applied, the kinetic energy is wasted, because the kinetic energy converts into heat energy due to friction at the contact surface and the heat energy dissipates into the atmosphere due to thermal radiation. Vehicles accoutred with KERS devices are able to take some of its kinetic energy out, which makes the vehicle slow down. This is a form of braking where no energy is wasted, instead the energy gets stored in some other device. Using a suitable mechanism, this energy that is stored in the form of potential energy can be transformed back into the kinetic energy to give the vehicle an extra boost of power. In our project a Clutch based type of Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems is designed.

Tung using Argon g nvestigated. Th zone is coarser fracture occurs and cerium are

Nanotechnology is concerned with the materials and systems whose structures and components exhi... more Nanotechnology is concerned with the
materials and systems whose
structures and components exhibit
novel and significantly improved
physical, chemical, and biological
properties, phenomena, and processes
due to their Nano scale size. Workforce
development is essential to reap the
benefits of nanotechnology
development along with technology
transfer. The emphasis should be on
hands-on educational experiences by
developing Nano-tech laboratory
demonstration experiments that could
be adaptable and incorporated into
existing courses in engineering and
technology. This is an effort to
demonstrate heat transfer using Nano
fluids in a mini heat exchanger utilizing
commercially available equipment.
Theoretical heat transfer rates were
calculated using existing relationships
in the literature for conventional fluids
and Nano fluids. Experiments are
conducted to determine the actual heat
transfer rates under operational
conditions using Nano fluids and the
heat transfer enhancement determined
compared to fluids without
nanoparticles.

Nanotechnology is concerned with the materials and systems whose structures and components exhi... more Nanotechnology is concerned with the
materials and systems whose
structures and components exhibit
novel and significantly improved
physical, chemical, and biological
properties, phenomena, and processes
due to their Nano scale size. Workforce
development is essential to reap the
benefits of nanotechnology
development along with technology
transfer. The emphasis should be on
hands-on educational experiences by
developing Nano-tech laboratory
demonstration experiments that could
be adaptable and incorporated into
existing courses in engineering and
technology. This is an effort to
demonstrate heat transfer using Nano
fluids in a mini heat exchanger utilizing
commercially available equipment.
Theoretical heat transfer rates were
calculated using existing relationships
in the literature for conventional fluids
and Nano fluids. Experiments are
conducted to determine the actual heat
transfer rates under operational
conditions using Nano fluids and the
heat transfer enhancement determined
compared to fluids without
nanoparticles.

Experimentally studied the effect of Annealing treated on AlCrN coating surface modification and... more Experimentally studied the effect of Annealing
treated on AlCrN coating surface modification and
AlCrN coating on the wear performance of
High-carbon high-chromium AISI D2 steel in wet
sliding. The Alcrona (AlCrN) coating was deposited
with a thickness of about 4 ± 1µm using a PVD
technique on to the polished surface of AISID2 steel.
Pin-on-disc testing method with an ASTMG99
standard are carried out. To determine the tribological
properties with a three series of load 10N, 20N and
30N for a sliding distance of 4500m at a constant
velocity of 1.256 ms-1. The friction co-efficient and
wear factor are analyzed primarily. The test results
exposed that the Annealing treated on Alcrona AlCrN
coating surface modification specimen shows better
wear resistance as compared to Alcrona (AlCrN)
coating on polished surface specimen. The grooved
region, plugging, pits and cavities were examined on
the tested specimen surface using macroscopic and
scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hence, the
result of this study can be applied to improve the
wear resistance in the application of AISID2 steel

Reports on the presence and toxicity of Pb 2+ in various chemical industrial effluents energized ... more Reports on the presence and toxicity of Pb 2+ in various chemical industrial effluents energized researchers to investigate several feasible, efficient, precise, and sensitive techniques for determining and removing Pb 2+ from aqueous systems. The current work proposes the adsorption of Pb 2+ onto the stem of parthenium as a continuation of a series of investigations. In order to find the ideal circumstances for the most effective removal of lead, optimization of Pb 2+ sorption potential-affecting factors, such as pH, contact duration, temperature, adsorbent dosage, and concentration of Pb 2+ as sorbate, were investigated. The response surface approach was used to assess experiments that were carried out using a rotatable Box-Behnken design (BBD) (RSM). The influence of three independent variables-the pH of the precursor solution (4-5), the initial lead content (15-25 mg/l), and the dose of biomass (20-40 g/l)-were assessed in response to the biosorption process. The optimum pH, lead ion concentration, and biomass dosage for lead biosorption were ascertained to be 5 pH, 20 mg/L, and 30 g/L, respectively. The Parthenium stem powder can reduce the concentration of lead in an aqueous solution by up to 72.74% for 20 mg/l at pH=5 and 260°C. It has been shown that 1.5 g/100 ml of parthenium stem powder and a 50-minute equilibrium duration are the most effective parameters. The amount of lead absorbed from the aqueous solution increases with an increase in the adsorbent's dosage. Freundlich and Langmuir models in both linear and nonlinear variants were used to comprehend the nature of the adsorption process. By analysing the kinetics and thermodynamics of the process, the feasibility and viability of the sorption process were assessed. The adsorption process was quite rapid, according to the kinetic analyses, and equilibrium was attained after 50 min of contact time. The spontaneous nature of the adsorption process was revealed by the negative values of free energy change. Studies on thermodynamics showed that reactions were exothermic, although research on kinetics revealed that reactions is indeed pseudo-second order.

Biogas is a renewable source of energy which is developed to fulfill the energy needs of the soci... more Biogas is a renewable source of energy which is developed to fulfill the energy needs of the society. This research aims
to design a minisized biogas plant which can be used effectively to produce the alternative energy, and also to
examine the difference quality of biogas which is produced from slurry. Biogas production requires Anaerobic
digestion. Project wasto Create an Organic Processing Facility to create biogas which will be more cost effective,
eco-friendly, generate a high-quality renewable fuel, and reduce carbon dioxide & methane emissions. Kitchen
waste is the best alternative for biogas production in a community level biogas plant. It is produced when bacteria
degrade organic matter in the absence of air. Biogas contains around 55-65% of methane, 30-40% of carbon
dioxide. The calorific value of biogas is appreciably high (around 4700 kcal or 20 MJ at around 55% methane
content). The gas can effectively be utilized for generation of power through a biogas-based power-generation
system after dewatering and cleaning of the gas. In addition, the slurry produced in the process provides valuable
organic manure for farming and sustaining the soil fertility. Here we also compare the rate of biogas production
from kitchen waste with the other energy sources used for cooking purposes like LPG, Kerosene and Coal

The present work aims at the development of an energy efficient and eco-friendly approach for the... more The present work aims at the development of an energy efficient and eco-friendly approach for the deposition of TiCrN composite coating. The study describes the deposition, characterisation and corrosion resistance of the composite coating. The methods of evaluation include assessment of colour and uniformity by physical and visual observations, adhesion by pull-off adhesion test, morphological features by optical and scanning electron microscopy, and chemical composition by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The corrosion resistance of the coatings in 3.5 % NaCl was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarisation studies. The finding of this study reveals that the adhesion of the coating on uncoated steel and adhesion of paint film on TiCrN composite-coated steel were found to be good. A potentiodynamic polarisation result confirms that TiCrN composite coating offers a better corrosion resistance than uncoated steel.

Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer-Verlag. Th... more Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer-Verlag. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self-archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your work, please use the accepted author's version for posting to your own website or your institution's repository. You may further deposit the accepted author's version on a funder's repository at a funder's request, provided it is not made publicly available until 12 months after publication.

Australian Journal of Multi-disciplinary Engineering, Apr 5, 2023

This study examined the impact of a combination of hardened and tempered surface change technolog... more This study examined the impact of a combination of hardened and tempered surface change technologies and AlCrN coating on the tribological characteristics of AISID2 steel. The duplex surface change, such as the combination of a heat treatment at 600°C for 1 hr and a PVD (sputtering), archives the superior wear resistance and mechanical properties. AlCrN coating has been implemented in AISID2 steel after a hardened and tempered treatment. This process was carried out as part of an appropriate thermal treatment cycle in accordance with ASM Vol.2. Subsequently, the AlCrN coating synthesised by PVD (sputtering) improves the adhesion between the coatings and the AISID2 steel. The wear properties according to ASTMG99 have been tested with a typical load of 10N, 20N and 30N for a sliding distance of 6000 m with a constant velocity of 1.256 ms −1 in wet conditions. Tests revealed that the AlCrN coating deposited on the hardened and tempered steel was more resistant to wear than the AlCrN coating applied to the unhardened steel. Therefore, it should be possible to implement the results of this study for forming operations with low COF and a low amount of resulting wear such as drawing and rolling in dies.

South African Journal of Chemical Engineering

Reports on the presence and toxicity of Pb 2+ in various chemical industrial effluents energized ... more Reports on the presence and toxicity of Pb 2+ in various chemical industrial effluents energized researchers to investigate several feasible, efficient, precise, and sensitive techniques for determining and removing Pb 2+ from aqueous systems. The current work proposes the adsorption of Pb 2+ onto the stem of parthenium as a continuation of a series of investigations. In order to find the ideal circumstances for the most effective removal of lead, optimization of Pb 2+ sorption potential-affecting factors, such as pH, contact duration, temperature, adsorbent dosage, and concentration of Pb 2+ as sorbate, were investigated. The response surface approach was used to assess experiments that were carried out using a rotatable Box-Behnken design (BBD) (RSM). The influence of three independent variables-the pH of the precursor solution (4-5), the initial lead content (15-25 mg/l), and the dose of biomass (20-40 g/l)-were assessed in response to the biosorption process. The optimum pH, lead ion concentration, and biomass dosage for lead biosorption were ascertained to be 5 pH, 20 mg/L, and 30 g/L, respectively. The Parthenium stem powder can reduce the concentration of lead in an aqueous solution by up to 72.74% for 20 mg/l at pH=5 and 260°C. It has been shown that 1.5 g/100 ml of parthenium stem powder and a 50-minute equilibrium duration are the most effective parameters. The amount of lead absorbed from the aqueous solution increases with an increase in the adsorbent's dosage. Freundlich and Langmuir models in both linear and nonlinear variants were used to comprehend the nature of the adsorption process. By analysing the kinetics and thermodynamics of the process, the feasibility and viability of the sorption process were assessed. The adsorption process was quite rapid, according to the kinetic analyses, and equilibrium was attained after 50 min of contact time. The spontaneous nature of the adsorption process was revealed by the negative values of free energy change. Studies on thermodynamics showed that reactions were exothermic, although research on kinetics revealed that reactions is indeed pseudo-second order.

International Journal of Research, 2014

The effect of processing parameters on the mechanical and metallurgical properties of two similar... more The effect of processing parameters on the mechanical and metallurgical properties of two similar joints of AA1100 produced by friction stir welding was analysed in this investigated.

Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, 2017

In this study the microstructure and wear characteristics of uncoated, TiAlN, AlCrN, and TiCN mul... more In this study the microstructure and wear characteristics of uncoated, TiAlN, AlCrN, and TiCN multilayer coated AISI 410 stainless steel. Tribological properties of the coatings were investigated by high carbon steel ball friction in dry sliding, sliding velocity of 0.3927 m s−1, sliding distance of 248.43 m, and under a load range of 2–4 N at room temperature. Among all the multilayer coatings tested, TiCN gave the superior wear resistance, followed by TiAlN and AlCrN. This indicates that the presence of C in TiCN coating leads to increase the wear resistance. At 2–3 N load in which oxidation was present, AlCrN coating shows the excellent wear resistance followed by TiAlN and TiCN coatings. The coating with a TiAlN proved good to acceptable wear resistance between 3 N and 4 N load. The wear rates and worn surfaces were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) attachment), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Talysurf profilometry analy...

In windmill induction generator wound rotor shaft is very crucial to make power production from t... more In windmill induction generator wound rotor shaft is very crucial to make power production from the wind. so design and material selection of wound rotor is very challenging one. This work deals with In 2.1 MW wind mill the replacement of conventional two-piece steel rotor shaft with a single-piece wound rotor STEEL (SM45C) material in 50 HZ and 60 HZ various frequency at various speed like Rated speed (1512 rpm), over speed (2150 rpm), critical speed (2580 rpm) conditions structural analysis and its performance to select proper material and make the perfect design to avoid the defects and better efficiency of power production.

This study examined the impact of a combination of hardened and tempered surface change technolog... more This study examined the impact of a combination of hardened and tempered surface change technologies and AlCrN coating on the tribological characteristics of AISID2 steel. The duplex surface change, such as the combination of a heat treatment at 600°C for 1 hr and a PVD (sputtering), archives the superior wear resistance and mechanical properties. AlCrN coating has been implemented in AISID2 steel after a hardened and tempered treatment. This process was carried out as part of an appropriate thermal treatment cycle in accordance with ASM Vol.2. Subsequently, the AlCrN coating synthesised by PVD (sputtering) improves the adhesion between the coatings and the AISID2 steel. The wear properties according to ASTMG99 have been tested with a typical load of 10N, 20N and 30N for a sliding distance of 6000 m with a constant velocity of 1.256 ms −1 in wet conditions. Tests revealed that the AlCrN coating deposited on the hardened and tempered steel was more resistant to wear than the AlCrN coating applied to the unhardened steel. Therefore, it should be possible to implement the results of this study for forming operations with low COF and a low amount of resulting wear such as drawing and rolling in dies.

TiAlN films were deposited on a high-speed steel (HSS) tool by a physical vapor deposition techni... more TiAlN films were deposited on a high-speed steel (HSS) tool by a physical vapor deposition technique. This study describes the deposition, characterization and coating phase composition of the composite coating. Dry turning tests were carried out on martensitic stainless steel AISI410 with three series of cutting speed: 30, 120 and 180 m/min, while the depth of cut and feed rate were kept constant at 1 mm and 0.15 mm/rev, respectively. The machined work piece surface roughness, adhesive strength and cutting force of the coated cutting tool were studied. The wear rate and worn surface of the cutting tools were also studied with scanning electron microscopy. The test results show that the cutting performance of the HSS cutting tool was improved with the covering of the TiAlN coating with at least two times increase of cutting life.

Emerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The compan... more Emerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services. Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation.

In this work, the dry sliding wear test of uncoated and multilayer TiCN-coated AISI 410 steel ag... more In this work, the dry sliding wear test of uncoated
and multilayer TiCN-coated AISI 410 steel against high carbon steel disc recognized at 2.30267 ms-1 sliding speeds and
under a three series load of 5, 10 and 20 N at room temperature.
On account of the more coherent interface between TiCN and
C probably found, there are high hardness and superior wear
resistance. Compared to AISI 410 uncoated steel, the presence
of C in the multilayer TiCN coatings leads to reduced coefficient of friction and wear loss. The multilayer TiCN coating is
characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron
microscopy, micro-hardness and pin-on-disc tribometer tests.
The more grooving region, pits and ploughing ridge were
examined on the worn surface of the AISI 410 uncoated steel.
The result shows hard multilayer TiCN-coated particles
viewing on the worn surface of the high carbon steel disc.

In this study the microstructure and wear characteristics of uncoated, TiAlN, AlCrN, and TiCN mul... more In this study the microstructure and wear characteristics of uncoated, TiAlN, AlCrN, and TiCN multilayer coated AISI 410 stainless steel. Tribological properties of the coatings were investigated by high carbon steel ball friction in dry sliding, sliding velocity of 0.3927 m s À1 , sliding distance of 248.43 m, and under a load range of 2-4 N at room temperature. Among all the multilayer coatings tested, TiCN gave the superior wear resistance, followed by TiAlN and AlCrN. This indicates that the presence of C in TiCN coating leads to increase the wear resistance. At 2-3 N load in which oxidation was present, AlCrN coating shows the excellent wear resistance followed by TiAlN and TiCN coatings. The coating with a TiAlN proved good to acceptable wear resistance between 3 N and 4 N load. The wear rates and worn surfaces were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) attachment), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Talysurf profilometry analysis, which demonstrate that the grooved regions, pits, ploughing ridge, and cavities were found along the worn surface of the uncoated, TiAlN, and AlCrN coated surface. This result exposed that hard-coated particles were observed on the high carbon steel ball surface.

We present the performance of dry sliding metal-metal wear performance of AISI SS410 and TiC -N c... more We present the performance of dry sliding metal-metal wear performance of AISI SS410 and TiC -N coated specimens at room temperature. In this investigation, the ball cratering abrasive wear testing method was used with a various loads of 2N, 3N and 4N, with total sliding distance of 353.43 m and at a constant sliding speed of 0.3927 ms-1. In this testing machine the abrasive ball of high carbon steel with 750 HV at 100 g load is rotated against the TiC -N composite coated and uncoated AISI SS410. The worn surfaces were examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (with EDAX attachment). The more grooving region, pits, ploughing ridge were found on the worn surface of the high carbon steel.

Kinetic Energy Recovery System, which is commonly acronymed as KERS, is a system to recover the K... more Kinetic Energy Recovery System, which is commonly acronymed as KERS, is a system to recover the Kinetic energy of a moving vehicle while braking. This system stores the kinetic energy in the form of potential energy and when needed it's converted back to kinetic energy. When riding a bicycle it becomes too tedious to start the bicycle again after braking. The rider will have two sources of power that the rider can use at his desire, when the bicycle is provided with a kinetic energy recovery system. When the brakes are applied, the kinetic energy is wasted, because the kinetic energy converts into heat energy due to friction at the contact surface and the heat energy dissipates into the atmosphere due to thermal radiation. Vehicles accoutred with KERS devices are able to take some of its kinetic energy out, which makes the vehicle slow down. This is a form of braking where no energy is wasted, instead the energy gets stored in some other device. Using a suitable mechanism, this energy that is stored in the form of potential energy can be transformed back into the kinetic energy to give the vehicle an extra boost of power. In our project a Clutch based type of Kinetic Energy Recovery Systems is designed.

Tung using Argon g nvestigated. Th zone is coarser fracture occurs and cerium are

Nanotechnology is concerned with the materials and systems whose structures and components exhi... more Nanotechnology is concerned with the
materials and systems whose
structures and components exhibit
novel and significantly improved
physical, chemical, and biological
properties, phenomena, and processes
due to their Nano scale size. Workforce
development is essential to reap the
benefits of nanotechnology
development along with technology
transfer. The emphasis should be on
hands-on educational experiences by
developing Nano-tech laboratory
demonstration experiments that could
be adaptable and incorporated into
existing courses in engineering and
technology. This is an effort to
demonstrate heat transfer using Nano
fluids in a mini heat exchanger utilizing
commercially available equipment.
Theoretical heat transfer rates were
calculated using existing relationships
in the literature for conventional fluids
and Nano fluids. Experiments are
conducted to determine the actual heat
transfer rates under operational
conditions using Nano fluids and the
heat transfer enhancement determined
compared to fluids without
nanoparticles.

Nanotechnology is concerned with the materials and systems whose structures and components exhi... more Nanotechnology is concerned with the
materials and systems whose
structures and components exhibit
novel and significantly improved
physical, chemical, and biological
properties, phenomena, and processes
due to their Nano scale size. Workforce
development is essential to reap the
benefits of nanotechnology
development along with technology
transfer. The emphasis should be on
hands-on educational experiences by
developing Nano-tech laboratory
demonstration experiments that could
be adaptable and incorporated into
existing courses in engineering and
technology. This is an effort to
demonstrate heat transfer using Nano
fluids in a mini heat exchanger utilizing
commercially available equipment.
Theoretical heat transfer rates were
calculated using existing relationships
in the literature for conventional fluids
and Nano fluids. Experiments are
conducted to determine the actual heat
transfer rates under operational
conditions using Nano fluids and the
heat transfer enhancement determined
compared to fluids without
nanoparticles.

Experimentally studied the effect of Annealing treated on AlCrN coating surface modification and... more Experimentally studied the effect of Annealing
treated on AlCrN coating surface modification and
AlCrN coating on the wear performance of
High-carbon high-chromium AISI D2 steel in wet
sliding. The Alcrona (AlCrN) coating was deposited
with a thickness of about 4 ± 1µm using a PVD
technique on to the polished surface of AISID2 steel.
Pin-on-disc testing method with an ASTMG99
standard are carried out. To determine the tribological
properties with a three series of load 10N, 20N and
30N for a sliding distance of 4500m at a constant
velocity of 1.256 ms-1. The friction co-efficient and
wear factor are analyzed primarily. The test results
exposed that the Annealing treated on Alcrona AlCrN
coating surface modification specimen shows better
wear resistance as compared to Alcrona (AlCrN)
coating on polished surface specimen. The grooved
region, plugging, pits and cavities were examined on
the tested specimen surface using macroscopic and
scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hence, the
result of this study can be applied to improve the
wear resistance in the application of AISID2 steel

Reports on the presence and toxicity of Pb 2+ in various chemical industrial effluents energized ... more Reports on the presence and toxicity of Pb 2+ in various chemical industrial effluents energized researchers to investigate several feasible, efficient, precise, and sensitive techniques for determining and removing Pb 2+ from aqueous systems. The current work proposes the adsorption of Pb 2+ onto the stem of parthenium as a continuation of a series of investigations. In order to find the ideal circumstances for the most effective removal of lead, optimization of Pb 2+ sorption potential-affecting factors, such as pH, contact duration, temperature, adsorbent dosage, and concentration of Pb 2+ as sorbate, were investigated. The response surface approach was used to assess experiments that were carried out using a rotatable Box-Behnken design (BBD) (RSM). The influence of three independent variables-the pH of the precursor solution (4-5), the initial lead content (15-25 mg/l), and the dose of biomass (20-40 g/l)-were assessed in response to the biosorption process. The optimum pH, lead ion concentration, and biomass dosage for lead biosorption were ascertained to be 5 pH, 20 mg/L, and 30 g/L, respectively. The Parthenium stem powder can reduce the concentration of lead in an aqueous solution by up to 72.74% for 20 mg/l at pH=5 and 260°C. It has been shown that 1.5 g/100 ml of parthenium stem powder and a 50-minute equilibrium duration are the most effective parameters. The amount of lead absorbed from the aqueous solution increases with an increase in the adsorbent's dosage. Freundlich and Langmuir models in both linear and nonlinear variants were used to comprehend the nature of the adsorption process. By analysing the kinetics and thermodynamics of the process, the feasibility and viability of the sorption process were assessed. The adsorption process was quite rapid, according to the kinetic analyses, and equilibrium was attained after 50 min of contact time. The spontaneous nature of the adsorption process was revealed by the negative values of free energy change. Studies on thermodynamics showed that reactions were exothermic, although research on kinetics revealed that reactions is indeed pseudo-second order.

Biogas is a renewable source of energy which is developed to fulfill the energy needs of the soci... more Biogas is a renewable source of energy which is developed to fulfill the energy needs of the society. This research aims
to design a minisized biogas plant which can be used effectively to produce the alternative energy, and also to
examine the difference quality of biogas which is produced from slurry. Biogas production requires Anaerobic
digestion. Project wasto Create an Organic Processing Facility to create biogas which will be more cost effective,
eco-friendly, generate a high-quality renewable fuel, and reduce carbon dioxide & methane emissions. Kitchen
waste is the best alternative for biogas production in a community level biogas plant. It is produced when bacteria
degrade organic matter in the absence of air. Biogas contains around 55-65% of methane, 30-40% of carbon
dioxide. The calorific value of biogas is appreciably high (around 4700 kcal or 20 MJ at around 55% methane
content). The gas can effectively be utilized for generation of power through a biogas-based power-generation
system after dewatering and cleaning of the gas. In addition, the slurry produced in the process provides valuable
organic manure for farming and sustaining the soil fertility. Here we also compare the rate of biogas production
from kitchen waste with the other energy sources used for cooking purposes like LPG, Kerosene and Coal

The present work aims at the development of an energy efficient and eco-friendly approach for the... more The present work aims at the development of an energy efficient and eco-friendly approach for the deposition of TiCrN composite coating. The study describes the deposition, characterisation and corrosion resistance of the composite coating. The methods of evaluation include assessment of colour and uniformity by physical and visual observations, adhesion by pull-off adhesion test, morphological features by optical and scanning electron microscopy, and chemical composition by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The corrosion resistance of the coatings in 3.5 % NaCl was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarisation studies. The finding of this study reveals that the adhesion of the coating on uncoated steel and adhesion of paint film on TiCrN composite-coated steel were found to be good. A potentiodynamic polarisation result confirms that TiCrN composite coating offers a better corrosion resistance than uncoated steel.