Rajkishore Prasad - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Rajkishore Prasad

Research paper thumbnail of Approximating Negentropy of Time-Frequency Series of Speech for Fixed Point ICA by Negentropy Maximization

Research paper thumbnail of Fixed-Point ICA based Speech Signal Separation and Enhancement with Generalized Gaussian Model

... of Physics, uncle Prof. Asheshwar Yadav, Prof. of Physics and is currently Vice-Chancellor of... more ... of Physics, uncle Prof. Asheshwar Yadav, Prof. of Physics and is currently Vice-Chancellor of my parent university, my elder brothers Prof. Balram Rai, Prof. of Physics, Prof. Rajeev Ranjan, Associate Prof. of Physics for every type of help and suggestions. ...

Research paper thumbnail of An Ica Algorithm For Separation Of Convolutive Mixture Of Speech Signals

This paper describes Independent Component Analysis (ICA) based fixed-point algorithm for the bli... more This paper describes Independent Component Analysis (ICA) based fixed-point algorithm for the blind separation of the convolutive mixture of speech, picked-up by a linear microphone array. The proposed algorithm extracts independent sources by non- Gaussianizing the Time-Frequency Series of Speech (TFSS) in a deflationary way. The degree of non-Gaussianization is measured by negentropy. The relative performances of algorithm under random initialization and Null beamformer (NBF) based initialization are studied. It has been found that an NBF based initial value gives speedy convergence as well as better separation performance

Research paper thumbnail of Enhancement of Bone Conducted Speech Signal by Wavelet Transform

2018 International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications (SPCOM), 2018

A petro electric bike or hybrid bike is a proposed vehicle that can operates not only on IC engin... more A petro electric bike or hybrid bike is a proposed vehicle that can operates not only on IC engine but also on batteries which drives a motor to provide electricity and may also drive a wheel. It has great advantages over the previously used battery system that drives the power from charged battery. IC engine is a major source of air pollution. The objective is to design and fabricate a two wheeler hybrid electric vehicle powered by both battery and IC engine. The combination of both powers makes the vehicle dynamic in nature. It provides its owner with advantages in fuel economy and environmental impact over conventional automobiles. Hybrid electric vehicle combine an electric motor, battery and power system with an internal combustion engine to achieve better fuel economy. In PEV, the battery alone provides power for low-speed driving conditions where internal combustion engines are least efficient. In accelerating, long highways, or hill climbing the electric motor provides additional power to assist the engine. Theallows a smaller, more efficient engine to be used. Besides it also utilizes the concept of regenerative braking for optimized utilization of energy. Thus vehicle is best suited for the growing urban areas with high traffic. Equipment and their cost analysis are done. It deals with fabrication of vehicle. This includes assembly of IC engine and it components. The next phase consists of implementing the electric bike and designing the fork. The final stages would consist of increasing the efficiency of the vehicle in economy ways.

Research paper thumbnail of ROLE OF EXPERT SYSTEM IN NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 1. Introduction

Research paper thumbnail of Bone Conducted Speech Signal Enhancement Using LPC and MFCC

The air microphone used in communication devices to acquire speech signal gathers highly impercep... more The air microphone used in communication devices to acquire speech signal gathers highly imperceptible signal in noisy background conditions. Bone conducted speech signal appears to be a promising tool to avoid this situation and improve the quality of communication between two users because of its inherent capability of attenuating high frequency signals. Though, there is no background noise present, the quality of extracted bone conducted signal is usually quite low in terms of intelligibility and strength. The reason for this quality degradation can again be accounted to the high frequency signal repulsion nature of bones. To rectify this issue and to make the bone conducted signal useful in communication systems, some signal processing schemes are required to be developed. This paper introduces application of two signal processing schemes which are very commonly used in speech recognition systems, Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) and MFCC (Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient), to e...

Research paper thumbnail of Genetic Algorithm for Solving Multiple Traveling Salesmen Problem using a New Crossover and Population Generation

Computación y Sistemas, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Noise estimation using negentropy based voice-activity detector

The 2004 47th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2004. MWSCAS '04.

Research paper thumbnail of A MAP Estimator for the Enhancement of Speech Signal Separated by ICA Algorithm (国際ワークショップ Frontiers in Speech and Hearing Research)

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 Sp 音声, Mar 20, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Role of expert system in natural resources management

Research paper thumbnail of Importance of Expert System Shell in Development of Expert System

International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, Mar 25, 2015

The expert system shell simplifies the process of creating an expert system in a faster, cheaper ... more The expert system shell simplifies the process of creating an expert system in a faster, cheaper and more efficient way. A single expert system shell can be used to build a number of different expert systems. Information provided by the user is analyzed by the shell with the help of knowledge base before reaching to a particular conclusion. Depending upon requirement, knowledge engineer feeds domain specific knowledge in the knowledge base. For example – if the knowledge engineer feeds, expert level knowledge of ‘diagnosis of Papaya plant’ then the tool will behave as an expert system for diagnosis of Papaya plant. Thus an expert system shell creates an easy environment for developing expert system. This paper presents the basic concept & functions of Expert System Shells with the aim of highlighting their merits and demerits. This paper also depicts different types of shells along with their functionalities.

Research paper thumbnail of Visual interpretation of FCC image for land use and land cover mapping: an expert system approach

Proceedings of the 41st SICE Annual Conference. SICE 2002.

... Rajkishore Prasad', Ashok Kumar Sinha*, Kumar Rajeev Ranjan3 I .Lecturer, University... more ... Rajkishore Prasad', Ashok Kumar Sinha*, Kumar Rajeev Ranjan3 I .Lecturer, University Department of Electronics, e-mail: rkishoreZk@hotmail.com. , Z.Professor, MIT, BRABihar University Muzaffafpur, 3. Lecturer, Commerce college Patna, Bihar, India ...

Research paper thumbnail of Sri Ramshalaka: A Vedic Method of Text Encryption and Decryption

This paper investigates usability of SriRamshalakha, a vedic tool used in Indian Astrology, in th... more This paper investigates usability of SriRamshalakha, a vedic tool used in Indian Astrology, in the encryption and decryption of plain English text. Sri Ram Shalaka appears in Sri RamChartmanas, one of the very popular sacred epic of Hindu religion, written by great Sant Tulsidasji. SriRamshalakha is used to fetch/infer the approximate answer of questions/decisions by the believers. Basically the said shalaka embed nine philosophical verses from Sri RamCharitmanas in matrix form based on which answers to queries are inferred and ingrained, however, none of the verses are visible and directly readable. Thus here we take SriRamshalakha as the ancient Indian method of text encryption and decryption and based on the same algorithms for the encryption and decryption of plain English text are proposed. The developed algorithms are presented with examples and possibility of its use in steganography and text to image transformation are also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Single Channel Speech Enhancement: MAP Estimation Using GGD Prior Under Blind Setup

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Source localization with EEG data for BP shows major activities in the frontal areas of the brain

SICE Annual Conference 2007, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of Measurement of threshold of hearing using tone trains

2008 SICE Annual Conference, 2008

ABSTRACT This paper presents a new method of measuring relative threshold of hearing using tone-t... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a new method of measuring relative threshold of hearing using tone-trains of different frequencies. The conventional methods of measurement of hearing threshold in tonic audiometry are trail and error method and thus take handsome amount of time. Such methods are not suitable for the situations where ample amount of time for the measurement is not available. The proposed tone-train method is faster and can be used to measure hearing threshold up to precision of 1dB within multiple of minutes.

Research paper thumbnail of Speech signal captured by PVDF sensor

2008 SICE Annual Conference, 2008

ABSTRACT The spoken communication between human and a machine is difficult and challenging task. ... more ABSTRACT The spoken communication between human and a machine is difficult and challenging task. Under the noisy background, it is more difficult as the speech collecting microphone collects noisy signal. In this paper we describe a PVDF based microphone that collects bone conducted sound of the speaker while discriminating the background noise. The PVDF microphone is placed on the forehead of the speaker. Since the proposed microphone collects bone conducted sound, it contains high frequency components in feeble or little amount as the human bone acts like a low pass filter with upper cut off frequency ranging from 1 kHz to 1.5 kHz.

Research paper thumbnail of hummgenic changes in large scale temporal correlation of EEG in BP

SICE Annual Conference 2007, 2007

In this paper we present results of detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) on raw EEG data obtained... more In this paper we present results of detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) on raw EEG data obtained from subjects performing Bhramari Pranayama (BP).BP is characterized by the production of low frequency humming sound like that of bumble bee by sustaining pronunciation of nasal /m/ sound while keeping ears occluded and oral cavity closed at lips. BP is effective in healing many

Research paper thumbnail of how to hum like a bumble BEE?

SICE Annual Conference 2007, 2007

ABSTRACT This paper is a part of scientific investigations on Bhramari Pranayama (BP), a yogic br... more ABSTRACT This paper is a part of scientific investigations on Bhramari Pranayama (BP), a yogic breathing exercise in which practitioners imitate humming sound of the bumble bee while exhaling strictly through nostrils. It is still undiscovered why the inventor (ancient Indian Yoga masters) instructed to hum like a bumble bee and not like a common bee or other insects. It is hypothesized that it is the humming sound and humgenic vibrations that are playing key role in bringing many of the claimed benefits of BP. The sound production system of the bumble bee and that of humans are different, however, due to inbuilt complexities and articulatory capacity human's sound production system can produce variety of sound. Humans can produce humming sound like a bumble bee by sustaining pronunciations of nasal consonants /m/ or /n/ or /ng/ alone or as an aid for continuation of nasalization of vowels or others. The results presented in this paper show sustained pronunciation of /m/ is easier and very similar to that of bumble bee sound in the spectral content. The old texts on Yoga also suggest humming by sustaining /m/ part of the /om/ sound.

Research paper thumbnail of Using Esta to Develop Expert System for the Natural Resource Management

In this paper we describe role of expert systems in the natural resource management and present t... more In this paper we describe role of expert systems in the natural resource management and present the utility of prolog based expert system shell ESTA (Expert System shell for Text Animation) in the development of such an expert system. ESTA programming is based on logic programming approach. The ESTA programme has some advantages compared to other available expert system shell such as the C Language Integrated Production Systems (CLIPS). It is easy to use, fast, and requires little programming experience. Expert system development for natural resource management has been explored through presenting in details development of knowledge base ,using hypothetico-deductive diagnostic reasoning, for the visual image interpretation of IRS-1B based standard false color composite (FCC) image. The discipline of remote sensing is concerned with the collection of information related in some way to the earth's natural resources or environment without coming into physical contact with them, th...

Research paper thumbnail of Approximating Negentropy of Time-Frequency Series of Speech for Fixed Point ICA by Negentropy Maximization

Research paper thumbnail of Fixed-Point ICA based Speech Signal Separation and Enhancement with Generalized Gaussian Model

... of Physics, uncle Prof. Asheshwar Yadav, Prof. of Physics and is currently Vice-Chancellor of... more ... of Physics, uncle Prof. Asheshwar Yadav, Prof. of Physics and is currently Vice-Chancellor of my parent university, my elder brothers Prof. Balram Rai, Prof. of Physics, Prof. Rajeev Ranjan, Associate Prof. of Physics for every type of help and suggestions. ...

Research paper thumbnail of An Ica Algorithm For Separation Of Convolutive Mixture Of Speech Signals

This paper describes Independent Component Analysis (ICA) based fixed-point algorithm for the bli... more This paper describes Independent Component Analysis (ICA) based fixed-point algorithm for the blind separation of the convolutive mixture of speech, picked-up by a linear microphone array. The proposed algorithm extracts independent sources by non- Gaussianizing the Time-Frequency Series of Speech (TFSS) in a deflationary way. The degree of non-Gaussianization is measured by negentropy. The relative performances of algorithm under random initialization and Null beamformer (NBF) based initialization are studied. It has been found that an NBF based initial value gives speedy convergence as well as better separation performance

Research paper thumbnail of Enhancement of Bone Conducted Speech Signal by Wavelet Transform

2018 International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications (SPCOM), 2018

A petro electric bike or hybrid bike is a proposed vehicle that can operates not only on IC engin... more A petro electric bike or hybrid bike is a proposed vehicle that can operates not only on IC engine but also on batteries which drives a motor to provide electricity and may also drive a wheel. It has great advantages over the previously used battery system that drives the power from charged battery. IC engine is a major source of air pollution. The objective is to design and fabricate a two wheeler hybrid electric vehicle powered by both battery and IC engine. The combination of both powers makes the vehicle dynamic in nature. It provides its owner with advantages in fuel economy and environmental impact over conventional automobiles. Hybrid electric vehicle combine an electric motor, battery and power system with an internal combustion engine to achieve better fuel economy. In PEV, the battery alone provides power for low-speed driving conditions where internal combustion engines are least efficient. In accelerating, long highways, or hill climbing the electric motor provides additional power to assist the engine. Theallows a smaller, more efficient engine to be used. Besides it also utilizes the concept of regenerative braking for optimized utilization of energy. Thus vehicle is best suited for the growing urban areas with high traffic. Equipment and their cost analysis are done. It deals with fabrication of vehicle. This includes assembly of IC engine and it components. The next phase consists of implementing the electric bike and designing the fork. The final stages would consist of increasing the efficiency of the vehicle in economy ways.

Research paper thumbnail of ROLE OF EXPERT SYSTEM IN NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 1. Introduction

Research paper thumbnail of Bone Conducted Speech Signal Enhancement Using LPC and MFCC

The air microphone used in communication devices to acquire speech signal gathers highly impercep... more The air microphone used in communication devices to acquire speech signal gathers highly imperceptible signal in noisy background conditions. Bone conducted speech signal appears to be a promising tool to avoid this situation and improve the quality of communication between two users because of its inherent capability of attenuating high frequency signals. Though, there is no background noise present, the quality of extracted bone conducted signal is usually quite low in terms of intelligibility and strength. The reason for this quality degradation can again be accounted to the high frequency signal repulsion nature of bones. To rectify this issue and to make the bone conducted signal useful in communication systems, some signal processing schemes are required to be developed. This paper introduces application of two signal processing schemes which are very commonly used in speech recognition systems, Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) and MFCC (Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient), to e...

Research paper thumbnail of Genetic Algorithm for Solving Multiple Traveling Salesmen Problem using a New Crossover and Population Generation

Computación y Sistemas, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Noise estimation using negentropy based voice-activity detector

The 2004 47th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2004. MWSCAS '04.

Research paper thumbnail of A MAP Estimator for the Enhancement of Speech Signal Separated by ICA Algorithm (国際ワークショップ Frontiers in Speech and Hearing Research)

電子情報通信学会技術研究報告 Sp 音声, Mar 20, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Role of expert system in natural resources management

Research paper thumbnail of Importance of Expert System Shell in Development of Expert System

International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, Mar 25, 2015

The expert system shell simplifies the process of creating an expert system in a faster, cheaper ... more The expert system shell simplifies the process of creating an expert system in a faster, cheaper and more efficient way. A single expert system shell can be used to build a number of different expert systems. Information provided by the user is analyzed by the shell with the help of knowledge base before reaching to a particular conclusion. Depending upon requirement, knowledge engineer feeds domain specific knowledge in the knowledge base. For example – if the knowledge engineer feeds, expert level knowledge of ‘diagnosis of Papaya plant’ then the tool will behave as an expert system for diagnosis of Papaya plant. Thus an expert system shell creates an easy environment for developing expert system. This paper presents the basic concept & functions of Expert System Shells with the aim of highlighting their merits and demerits. This paper also depicts different types of shells along with their functionalities.

Research paper thumbnail of Visual interpretation of FCC image for land use and land cover mapping: an expert system approach

Proceedings of the 41st SICE Annual Conference. SICE 2002.

... Rajkishore Prasad', Ashok Kumar Sinha*, Kumar Rajeev Ranjan3 I .Lecturer, University... more ... Rajkishore Prasad', Ashok Kumar Sinha*, Kumar Rajeev Ranjan3 I .Lecturer, University Department of Electronics, e-mail: rkishoreZk@hotmail.com. , Z.Professor, MIT, BRABihar University Muzaffafpur, 3. Lecturer, Commerce college Patna, Bihar, India ...

Research paper thumbnail of Sri Ramshalaka: A Vedic Method of Text Encryption and Decryption

This paper investigates usability of SriRamshalakha, a vedic tool used in Indian Astrology, in th... more This paper investigates usability of SriRamshalakha, a vedic tool used in Indian Astrology, in the encryption and decryption of plain English text. Sri Ram Shalaka appears in Sri RamChartmanas, one of the very popular sacred epic of Hindu religion, written by great Sant Tulsidasji. SriRamshalakha is used to fetch/infer the approximate answer of questions/decisions by the believers. Basically the said shalaka embed nine philosophical verses from Sri RamCharitmanas in matrix form based on which answers to queries are inferred and ingrained, however, none of the verses are visible and directly readable. Thus here we take SriRamshalakha as the ancient Indian method of text encryption and decryption and based on the same algorithms for the encryption and decryption of plain English text are proposed. The developed algorithms are presented with examples and possibility of its use in steganography and text to image transformation are also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Single Channel Speech Enhancement: MAP Estimation Using GGD Prior Under Blind Setup

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Source localization with EEG data for BP shows major activities in the frontal areas of the brain

SICE Annual Conference 2007, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of Measurement of threshold of hearing using tone trains

2008 SICE Annual Conference, 2008

ABSTRACT This paper presents a new method of measuring relative threshold of hearing using tone-t... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a new method of measuring relative threshold of hearing using tone-trains of different frequencies. The conventional methods of measurement of hearing threshold in tonic audiometry are trail and error method and thus take handsome amount of time. Such methods are not suitable for the situations where ample amount of time for the measurement is not available. The proposed tone-train method is faster and can be used to measure hearing threshold up to precision of 1dB within multiple of minutes.

Research paper thumbnail of Speech signal captured by PVDF sensor

2008 SICE Annual Conference, 2008

ABSTRACT The spoken communication between human and a machine is difficult and challenging task. ... more ABSTRACT The spoken communication between human and a machine is difficult and challenging task. Under the noisy background, it is more difficult as the speech collecting microphone collects noisy signal. In this paper we describe a PVDF based microphone that collects bone conducted sound of the speaker while discriminating the background noise. The PVDF microphone is placed on the forehead of the speaker. Since the proposed microphone collects bone conducted sound, it contains high frequency components in feeble or little amount as the human bone acts like a low pass filter with upper cut off frequency ranging from 1 kHz to 1.5 kHz.

Research paper thumbnail of hummgenic changes in large scale temporal correlation of EEG in BP

SICE Annual Conference 2007, 2007

In this paper we present results of detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) on raw EEG data obtained... more In this paper we present results of detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) on raw EEG data obtained from subjects performing Bhramari Pranayama (BP).BP is characterized by the production of low frequency humming sound like that of bumble bee by sustaining pronunciation of nasal /m/ sound while keeping ears occluded and oral cavity closed at lips. BP is effective in healing many

Research paper thumbnail of how to hum like a bumble BEE?

SICE Annual Conference 2007, 2007

ABSTRACT This paper is a part of scientific investigations on Bhramari Pranayama (BP), a yogic br... more ABSTRACT This paper is a part of scientific investigations on Bhramari Pranayama (BP), a yogic breathing exercise in which practitioners imitate humming sound of the bumble bee while exhaling strictly through nostrils. It is still undiscovered why the inventor (ancient Indian Yoga masters) instructed to hum like a bumble bee and not like a common bee or other insects. It is hypothesized that it is the humming sound and humgenic vibrations that are playing key role in bringing many of the claimed benefits of BP. The sound production system of the bumble bee and that of humans are different, however, due to inbuilt complexities and articulatory capacity human's sound production system can produce variety of sound. Humans can produce humming sound like a bumble bee by sustaining pronunciations of nasal consonants /m/ or /n/ or /ng/ alone or as an aid for continuation of nasalization of vowels or others. The results presented in this paper show sustained pronunciation of /m/ is easier and very similar to that of bumble bee sound in the spectral content. The old texts on Yoga also suggest humming by sustaining /m/ part of the /om/ sound.

Research paper thumbnail of Using Esta to Develop Expert System for the Natural Resource Management

In this paper we describe role of expert systems in the natural resource management and present t... more In this paper we describe role of expert systems in the natural resource management and present the utility of prolog based expert system shell ESTA (Expert System shell for Text Animation) in the development of such an expert system. ESTA programming is based on logic programming approach. The ESTA programme has some advantages compared to other available expert system shell such as the C Language Integrated Production Systems (CLIPS). It is easy to use, fast, and requires little programming experience. Expert system development for natural resource management has been explored through presenting in details development of knowledge base ,using hypothetico-deductive diagnostic reasoning, for the visual image interpretation of IRS-1B based standard false color composite (FCC) image. The discipline of remote sensing is concerned with the collection of information related in some way to the earth's natural resources or environment without coming into physical contact with them, th...