Priya Patel - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Priya Patel

Archives of Disease in Childhood, 2015

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, 2015

The vagina has been studied as a favorable site for the local and systemic delivery of drugs, for... more The vagina has been studied as a favorable site for the local and systemic delivery of drugs, for female associated conditions. Vaginal preparations, although generally perceived as safer most still associated with number of problems including multiple days of dosing, dripping, leakage and messiness, causing discomfort to users and expulsion due to the self-cleansing action of the vaginal tract. These limitations lead to poor patient compliance and failure of the desired therapeutic effects. For efficient vaginal delivery of drugs, the delivery system should reside at the site of infection for a prolonged period of time. In situ gel formulation which combines advantages of both gels and solution so that an accurate dose can be administered with ease. These formulations remain in solution state before administration and transforms to gel after administration in to vaginal cavity. Material and Methods: In these formulations we prepared clindamycin loaded hydroxypropyl methycellulose (0.1%) (bioadhesive) and gellan gum (ion activated gelling polymer) based in situ gel system for vaginal application. NaCl (0.9%) was added as an isotonic agent. The developed formulation was characterized for various in vitro parameters such as clarity, refractive index, pH, viscosity, drug release profile, statistical release kinetics, bioadhesive force, and microbial efficacy along with stability studies. To simulate vaginal conditions, synthetic membrane (cellophane hydrated with modified simulated vaginal fluid) was used as model membranes. Results and Discussion: The developed formulation was found to be nonirritant, bioadhesive with good retention properties. Formulations have satisfactory appearance, clarity and drug content in the range 98.1-101%. Refractive index of the gel is ranging from 1.335 to 1.337, proofing the transparency of gel. Furthermore, formulation displayed 33.3% cumulative drug release after 2 h. 67.4% after 6 h and 98.9% after 12 h. Conclusion: Developed formulation should be stable. Hence, formulation is thus a viable alternative to conventional vaginal dosage forms.

Arthritis & Rheumatism, 2013

Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews, May 22, 2017

Metformin, a widely used anti-hyperglycemic, has a good safety profile, reasonably manageable sid... more Metformin, a widely used anti-hyperglycemic, has a good safety profile, reasonably manageable side-effects, is inexpensive and causes a desirable amount of weight loss. In four studies of patients with tuberculosis (one prospective and three retrospective), metformin administration resulted in better outcomes. In mice with several models of endotoxemia, metformin diminished levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and improved survival. Laboratory studies showed effectiveness of the drug on multiple pathogens, including Trichinella spiralis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus. Metformin administration in humans and mice produced major changes in the composition of the gut microbiota. These recently discovered microbe-modulating properties of the drug have led investigators to predict wide therapeutic utility for metformin. The recent easing in FDA guidelines regarding administration of metformin to patient...

PLOS ONE, 2015

Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in the generation of anti-cancer immune responses, h... more Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in the generation of anti-cancer immune responses, however there is evidence that DCs in cancer patients are dysfunctional. Lipid accumulation driven by tumor-derived factors has recently been shown to contribute to DC dysfunction in several human cancers, but has not yet been examined in mesothelioma. This study investigated if mesothelioma tumor cells and/or their secreted factors promote increases in DC lipid content and modulate DC function. Human monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) were exposed to human mesothelioma tumor cells and tumor-derived factors in the presence or absence of lipoproteins. The data showed that immature MoDCs exposed to mesothelioma cells or factors contained increased lipid levels relative to control DCs. Lipid accumulation was associated with reduced antigen processing ability (measured using a DQ OVA assay), upregulation of the co-stimulatory molecule, CD86, and production of the tolerogenic cytokine, IL-10. Increases in DC lipid content were further enhanced by co-exposure to mesothelioma-derived factors and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, but not lowdensity lipoproteins. In vivo studies using a murine mesothelioma model showed that the lipid content of tumor-infiltrating CD4 + CD8α-DCs, CD4-CD8α-DCs and plasmacytoid DCs increased with tumor progression. Moreover, increasing tumor burden was associated with reduced proliferation of tumor-antigen-specific CD8 + T cells in tumor-draining lymph nodes. This study shows that mesothelioma promotes DC lipid acquisition, which is associated with altered activation status and reduced capacity to process and present antigens, which may impair the ability of DCs to generate effective anti mesothelioma T cell responses.

Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), Jan 17, 2015

High-frequency, low-amplitude whole-body vibration (WBV) is being used to treat a range of muscul... more High-frequency, low-amplitude whole-body vibration (WBV) is being used to treat a range of musculoskeletal disorders; however, there is surprisingly limited knowledge of its effect(s) on joint tissues. An in vivo mouse model was used to study the effects of repeated exposure to WBV on bone and joint tissues. Ten-week-old male mice were subjected to vertical sinusoidal vibration (45 Hz, 0.3 g peak acceleration, 30 min/day, 5 days/week), conditions that mimic those used clinically in humans. Following WBV, skeletal tissues were examined by micro-computed tomography, histology and immunohistochemistry, and gene expression was quantified using real-time PCR. Following 4 weeks of WBV, intervertebral discs displayed histological hallmarks of degeneration in the annulus fibrosus, disruption of collagen organization and increased cell death. Mice exposed to WBV demonstrated greater Mmp3 expression in the intervertebral disc, accompanied by enhanced collagen and aggrecan degradation. Examina...

Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) in children has gain world-wide attention among the med... more Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) in children has gain world-wide attention among the medical and research communities, yet in India it is relatively unknown. Hence the main aim of this article is to provide awareness of the condition and explain various questions related to DCD. A timely action towards DCD can significantly improve a child’s quality of life.

American Journal of Otolaryngology, 2015

Conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy (CDCR) with the insertion of a Jones tube is a surgical procedur... more Conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy (CDCR) with the insertion of a Jones tube is a surgical procedure used to relieve epiphora caused by upper lacrimal system dysfunction from extensive proximal canalicular obstruction, canalicular stenosis, or canalicular flaccidity. Jones tube obstruction, which is the second most frequent complication of CDCR with tube placement, can result from tube placement against the anterior end of the middle turbinate. In this study, we describe our results in 5 patients who underwent anterosuperior partial middle turbinectomy to prevent obstruction. A retrospective analysis was performed on 5 patients who underwent selective anterosuperior partial middle turbinectomy to prevent Jones tube obstruction. Three of these patients developed Jones tube obstruction due to contact between a previously placed Jones tube and the anterosuperior aspect of the adjacent middle turbinate. Two other patients had observed contact between the Jones tube and middle turbinate at initial Jones tube placement and underwent anterosuperior partial middle turbinectomy to prevent development of obstruction. Patency of the Jones tube was assessed symptomatically and by nasal endoscopy at the latest follow-up. All 5 patients displayed a patent Jones tube after a mean follow-up of 29.6months without complications. Longer-term complications associated with CDCR with Jones tube placement, including continuous epiphora, dacrocystitis, and poor patient satisfaction, were not observed. Selective anterosuperior partial middle turbinectomy may prevent or relieve Jones tube obstruction, provide increased room along the lateral nasal wall along which to place the Jones tube, and decrease the need for further surgeries arising from tube blockage.

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2012

Purpose: To formulate sustained release gastroretentive microballoons of metformin hydrochloride ... more Purpose: To formulate sustained release gastroretentive microballoons of metformin hydrochloride with the objective of improving its bioavailability. Methods: Microballoons of metformin hydrochloride were formulated by solvent evaporation and diffusion method using varying mixtures of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and ethyl cellulose (EC) polymers. The balloons were characterized for particle size, surface morphology, incorporation efficiency, floating behavior and in vitro drug release. Results: The mean particle size of the formulated microballoons was in the range of 34.2 ± 4.7 to 95.7 ± 2.2 µm. Incorporation efficiencies of over 83.8 ± 0.9 % were achieved for the optimized formulations. Most of the formulations were buoyant with maximum buoyancy of 81.4 ± 2.0 % for > 12 h, showing good floating behavior of microballoons. Release kinetic data showed best fit to the Higuchi model, indicating that diffusion was the predominant mechanism of drug release. Conclusion: Microballoons is a potential suitable delivery system for sustained release of metformin hydrochloride with improved bioavailability when compared with conventional dosage forms of the drug.

Psychiatry Research, 2011

Studies suggest that the gender difference in the prevalence of depression results because women ... more Studies suggest that the gender difference in the prevalence of depression results because women exhibit higher prevalence than men of a depressive phenotype associated with somatic symptoms. Because this phenotype has been found to be based in psychosocial forces, it may not respond well to antidepressant medication. In this study, data from the STAR*D Study were analyzed to compare remission rates in response to an SSRI and to several other antidepressants of patients exhibiting depression accompanied by somatic symptomatology versus other patients. Scores on the Clinician Rated Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology were used to measure clinical remission in response to medication. Patients exhibiting depression accompanied by somatic symptomatology exhibited less remission to the SSRI Citalopram (31% versus 43%) and to the various medications administered in level 3 (14% versus 25%) than did other patients in STAR*D. The low rates of remission in response to medication of patients exhibiting somatic symptomatology were not due to the greater proportion of women, nor to the greater proportion of patients exhibiting anxiety disorders, among patients exhibiting somatic symptomatology. Remission rates were found to be related to exhibiting somatic symptomatology not to exhibiting nonsomatic symptoms.

Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, 2011

Radiation therapy (RT) staffing models have traditionally been based on the number of linear acce... more Radiation therapy (RT) staffing models have traditionally been based on the number of linear accelerators available at cancer centers (ie, task-focused). RT treatments are becoming increasingly complex and a novel staffing model should be established that incorporates a total quality ...

International Journal of Surgical Pathology, 2008

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is a benign proliferation of the hormonally responsi... more Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is a benign proliferation of the hormonally responsive, specialized mammary stroma characterized by slit-like pseudovascular spaces lined by bland spindle cells. It is usually an incidental microscopic finding but in some cases it may present as a slowly growing mass. A malignant counterpart for this lesion has not been reported. We describe a case of PASH with foci of malignant histologic features presenting as a slowly growing mass in a 30-year-old woman. The previously reported variants of PASH and the other mammary stromal lesions related to PASH are also discussed. This is perhaps the first case of PASH with foci of malignant histologic features reported in the literature and represents a rare sarcoma derived from specialized hormonally responsive mammary stroma.

Chest, 2013

T horacentesis is a commonly performed procedure whereby pleural fl uid is aspirated percutaneous... more T horacentesis is a commonly performed procedure whereby pleural fl uid is aspirated percutaneously through the chest wall for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. At our institution, most thoracenteses are performed under ultrasound guidance, allowing for easy identifi cation of fl uid and real-time surveillance of the needle or catheter in the pleural space. Few studies have examined the incidence of hemorrhagic complications from thoracentesis in the setting of abnormal coagulation values. Notably, these studies have failed to demonstrate an increase in bleed ing complications in these patients. 1,2 Nonetheless, preprocedural testing of coagulation parameters, Background: Despite a low incidence of hemorrhagic complications following thoracentesis, correction or attempted correction of abnormal preprocedural coagulation parameters is still commonly performed. We aimed to assess hemorrhagic complications following ultrasound-guided thoracentesis in patients with abnormal preprocedural coagulation parameters. Methods: We analyzed 1,009 ultrasound-guided thoracenteses performed between January 2005 and September 2011 on patients with international normalized ratio (INR). 1.6, serum platelet values , 50 3 10 9 /L, or both. Procedures were divided into two groups: those in whom abnormal preprocedural coagulation parameters were not corrected before the thoracentesis (group 1) and a second group in which patients received a transfusion of platelets or fresh frozen plasma prior to thoracentesis (group 2). All procedures were evaluated for hemorrhagic complications as defi ned by the National Institutes of Health Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. Results: A total of 1,009 ultrasound-guided thoracenteses were included in our study, consisting of 706 procedures in 538 patients in group 1 and 303 procedures in 235 patients in group 2. There were four hemorrhagic complications out of 1,009 procedures (0.40%; 95% CI, 0.15%-1.02%): zero in group 1 (0 of 706 or 0.0%; 95% CI, 0%-0.68%) and four in group 2 (four of 303 or 1.32%; 95% CI, 0.51%-3.36%). Conclusions: Hemorrhagic complications are infrequent after ultrasound-guided thoracentesis, and attempting to correct an abnormal INR or platelet level before the procedure is unlikely to confer any benefi t. We consider the procedure safe in patients with abnormal preprocedural parameters when performed by expert personnel.

Behavioral Neuroscience, 2006

The roles of visual, tactile, and spatial location cues were studied in 6 conditioned place prefe... more The roles of visual, tactile, and spatial location cues were studied in 6 conditioned place preference (CPP) experiments with ethanol (2 g/kg) in mice (of the DBA/2J strain). Visual cues were effective conditioned stimuli (CSs) when consistently presented in the same spatial location, but not when the same cue was presented in two different locations during training. In contrast, tactile CSs were effective regardless of spatial location during training. Moreover, spatial location controlled CPP expression when visual cues were used but not when tactile cues were used. However, spatial location per se was not an effective CS. These studies suggest that CPP conditioned to tactile cues is mediated by brain systems different from those mediating CPP conditioned to visual-spatial cues.