Prof.Dr. Gamal Karrouf - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Prof.Dr. Gamal Karrouf

Medical research and innovations, 2017

The present studydetect the prevalence of cardiac complications and the efficacy of iron overload... more The present studydetect the prevalence of cardiac complications and the efficacy of iron overload monitoring by ECHO (LVEF), and serum ferritin assay in patients at Department of Clinical Hematology with β thalassemia major (βTM). Case records of all βTM patients were analyzed for clinical data, age, sex, heart failure, serum ferritin, ECG, chest x-ray and echocardiography. Sixty-two βTM patients with serially recorded LVEF are included in statistical analysis. Age range of these patients was 4-36 years. Clinical congestive cardiac failure (CHF) was observed in 5 patients(6.45%) with the age range of 13-28 years, 34 patients (54.8%) have normal ECHO findings while 28 patients (45.2%) have valvular heart disease, 8 patients (12.6%) had tricuspid regurgitation with pulmonary hypertension, and 20 patients (32.2%) had tricuspid, mitral or aortic regurgitation. The present study indicated that Observation of excess iron in the heart of βTM patients in King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) through LVEF and serum ferritin analysis have reduced incidence of CHF. LVEF instructs the use of intensive chelation therapy but cannot prevent or predict heart damage or CHF in the course of the disease; this may be due to the poor prognosis once CHF is occurred. More sensitive methods for early detection of cardiac complication arerequired as MRI T2* which is used to estimate myocardial iron and identifies pre-clinical cardiac iron deposition to prevent irreversible cardiac complication.

Kafrelsheikh Veterinary Medical Journal, Oct 1, 2004

The present study was carried on 355 drafting equine (135 horses, 210 donkeys and 10 mules) suffe... more The present study was carried on 355 drafting equine (135 horses, 210 donkeys and 10 mules) suffered from different varieties of skin wounds. These animals were subjected to full clinical study including history, physical and clinical inspection in addition to parasitological and hist-opathological examinations for the suspected non-traumatic lesions. The incidence, according to, the locations of wounds were in the head regions (28.2%), neck (5.6%), back (2.8%), shoulders (5.6%), chest (4.2%), gluteal region (2.8%), and abdomen (5.6%), fore limbs (19.7%) and hind limbs (25.4%). Wounds were treated either by surgical debri-dement, high-pressure lavage, suturing, infusion, lancing, excisions, electro-surgery and/or bandaging. Modifiedshaped wound defects were closed completely or partially by the aid of centripetal closure, undermining, local skin flap and relaxing incisions. Exuberant granulation tissue was seen as a common complication of wounds of the lower limbs in donkeys and horses. Mal-interference, chemical irritants, motion and infection promote its development. Primary closure was suited to fresh wound that minimally traumatized while in contaminated wounds delayed primary closure was adopted within 4-5 days of injury before the formation of granulation tissue.

International journal of physiotherapy, Oct 9, 2015

Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2015

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, symptoms of, and risk factors for low ... more The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, symptoms of, and risk factors for low back pain among dentists as well as to discover the possible correlation of these factors with working posture and how to reduce their prevalence. [Subjects and Methods] The study was conducted among 60 dentists (28 male and 32 female) with a mean age of 25.7 years. Dentists were evaluated with the self-administered Nordic musculoskeletal evaluation chart, postural discomfort chart, and a self-prepared questionnaire. [Results] The data showed a 70% incidence of back pain among dentists, with low back pain predominating in 47.6% of cases. Most of the subjects (90.5%) had a mild-to-moderate level of severity, and only 9.5% had a severe level of low back pain. The majority of the dentists (57%) treated 1-3 patients per day. Only a few dentists (17%) exercised during their rest period even though 57% of them reported taking a break during their working hours. Although 63% of the dentists were aware of the advantages of assistive tools, only 40% of them used any kind of assistive devices. [Conclusion] Dental professionals demonstrate a high prevalence of low back pain.

Egyptian Orthodontic Journal, 2010

Introduction: Introduction: Introduction: Introduction: The purpose of this study was aimed to ev... more Introduction: Introduction: Introduction: Introduction: The purpose of this study was aimed to evaluate the effects of administering two immunosuppressive drugs, mycophenolate mofetil and sirolimus on orthodontic tooth movement in dogs. Methods: Methods: Methods: Methods: Fifteen adult healthy dogs were equally divided into three groups, group1, the control did not receive any drugs while dogs in groups 2 and 3 received mycophenolate mofetil and sirolimus, respectively. A 100 gm force was applied to the left and right sides of the maxillae in all groups using nickel titanium coil spring attached to the lateral incisors and canines for 42 days. Tooth movement was assessed by measuring differences in the distance between the lateral incisors and canines on days 0 and 42. At day 42, the dogs were euthanized and the maxillae were dissected, teeth and the surrounding alveolar bone were processed for histological examination. Results: Results: Results: Results: Histological results showed newly formed bone at the tension side of the control group while the pattern of bone resorption seen at the pressure side indicated the presence of front and direct bone resorption. Less bone deposition and resorption were observed at the

Mansoura Veterinary Medical Journal, 2010

Fifteen healthy adult experimerItal donkeys weighted about {150-200 kg] were lL<>ed in this study... more Fifteen healthy adult experimerItal donkeys weighted about {150-200 kg] were lL<>ed in this study. These An!mals were housed irt Surgery Cl(ntc of Mansoura Vet.er!nary Teachmg Hospital arId were premedicated irttraveMUSly with xylazine Hcl (1, J mgj kg). 1r\ uddHfon. eighteen antmals (9 horses and 9 donkeys) G.fIest.hettzedJor 0. OOriety of clInical surgical procedures, Flue minutes later, anesthesta was induced and maintained with one oj the JoUowfIlg combinations. Xyfazirte Hd (0.5 mgj mU. guaifen• esin {50 mgj mQ and kerami.ne Hd (2 mgj ml) In 1 UteroJwarnt dextrose 5 % (group}), xylaztne Hct (0,5 mg/ mlJ. guaifenes!n (50 my/ ml) and thiopental sodium (4 fT!{}/ mlJ (n 1 Uter oj I1)(lrm dext'Jur;e 5% (group II) and xylaztne Hd (0.5 mg/ ml), mldazolam (0.04 mg/mJ) and ketamine He[ (2 mg/mlJ in I IUer oj dextrose 5% (group Ill}. The anesthettc quaUtrJ (lflductoo. degree oj analgesia. muscle relaxation. sedatton and quaUty oj recovery), cordlopulmonary effects, hel1lllt.ob";gy, btood chemistry and blood gases were estimated in aU groups. All compared anesthetic protocols showed smJ)Qth trtductiOn. The quality qf sedation, analgesia and muscle rolaxution in XGK and ..KMK groups t.vere good fo excellent The quality oj recovery was smooCh and good ro ~!lent ttl XGK and XMK grou.ps, while It was modernte I.n XOT group. AU compared anesthEtic protocois are suJ1able to I.nduce aru..:l maintain appropriate saJe state oj anesthesia. un' der field conditions itt equltiae.

International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research, 2017

The repair of large abdominal defects remains a complex surgical problem of insuffi cient autogen... more The repair of large abdominal defects remains a complex surgical problem of insuffi cient autogenous tissue for adequate reconstruction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the uses of polypropylene mesh with glycerolized tunica vaginalis (GTV) for repairing abdominal wall defects in dogs using either inlay or underlay technique of implatations. Full thickness (all the layers of muscles except the skin) abdominal wall defects (6 x 10 cm) were created in 24 healthy mongrel dogs allocated into two main equal group (n= 12 each) according to the type of the prosthetic material used. Each group is subdivided into two subgroup (n= 6 each). The present study indicated that, GTV Patches are considered to be a successful alternative for reinforcement and repair of large abdominal wall defects than prolene mesh based on postmortem fi ndings, biomechanical analysis and histopathological examination.

Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2015

AIM To control eight most predominant Eimeria spp. involved in the economic disease of coccidiosi... more AIM To control eight most predominant Eimeria spp. involved in the economic disease of coccidiosis in broiler chicken, by a chemically characterized essential oil of eucalyptus and peppermint. METHODS AND RESULTS The experimental design consisted of 160 day-old-broiler chicks, divided into four equal groups (G1 , G2 , G3 and G4 ), with 40 birds per group. Each group was divided into four equal subgroups. Birds in G1 were deprived of essential oil treatment and of Eimeria challenge. Birds in G2 were unchallenged, and administered the essential oil in drinking water at 0.69 ml kg(-1) body weight. Birds in G3 were untreated with essential oil, and each of its four subgroups was challenged at a different age (14, 21, 28 and 35 days). Birds in G4 were treated with essential oil, and challenged in the same manner as for G3 . Equal number of birds from all subgroups (n = 10) were sacrificed at the sixth day after the time allocated for each challenge. The 6 day incubation period post challenge resulted in respective mean per cent weight increase in G2 and G1 birds equivalent to 57.8 and 53.1% (P < 0.05). In addition, the essential oil improved the per cent weight increase in challenged birds (54.6%) compared to the challenged-untreated birds (18.6%) (P < 0.05). The mean feed conversion, mortality, intestinal lesion scores and oocyst counts were significantly reduced in the challenged-treated birds compared to the challenged-untreated birds (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results support the hypothesis of using the essential oils of eucalyptus and peppermint to control the most prevalent Eimeria spp. involved in coccidiosis of broiler chicken, helping in improvement of their production, alleviation of lesions and reduction in intestinal oocyst counts. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study provides information about the possibility of using this blend of essential oil as a coccidiostat for the protection of broiler chickens against the prevalent eight Eimeria spp. of coccidiosis.

International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2015

Background: Low-back pain (LBP) is one of the highest common and costly musculoskeletal condition... more Background: Low-back pain (LBP) is one of the highest common and costly musculoskeletal conditions in current society. Seventy to 85% of the populations will exhibits LBP at some time in their lives. There is little known about specific manual therapy techniques used to treat chronic LBP. Reflexology is a treatment that involves using gentle pressure to reflex points located on all of the outsides of the feet and hands. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of reflexology technique in subjects with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Methods: Twenty patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain were included in the study and were assessed regarding range of motion via goniometer and pain threshold (via modified Oswestery scale and visual analogue scale), the 20 patients were allocated into two groups 10 patients in each group. Group A received reflexology sittings at rate of 3 days per week, and the duration of each sitting was 30 minutes. While group B were control. The study was continued for 3 weeks Results: According to VAS, the results revealed a non-significant variance between the study group and control group before intervention (p= 0.43). While after intervention, there was a significant decline of pain in the study group compared to that of the control group (p=0.000). Moreover, there was a very highly significant decrease in pain within the study group after treatment (p= 0.005). Conclusion: The present study indicated that the reflexology technique was effective and safe to be applied for cases of mechanical low back pain. It results in a significant decrease in pain within the study group after treatment.

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 2015

ABSTRACT Abstract Background Chronic arthritis is a widespread disease1. Several therapies have b... more ABSTRACT Abstract Background Chronic arthritis is a widespread disease1. Several therapies have been attempted to treat focal cartilage defects, but none of them resulted in full repair with formation of typical hyaline cartilage. The creation of an effective therapeutic modality is essential to minimize the side effects of conventional therapy2. Moreover, stem cell therapy may establish a prospective therapy for OA in the future. There is a requirement for additional new effective therapy opportunities3. Objectives The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of MSC as a potential treatment for OA. Methods Focal cartilage defect was created in the medial femoral condyle of the right knee of all rabbit groups. In one group the defect was left untreated. Human umbilical cord MSCs were infused in the defect, in a second group. A third group received MSCs on a fibrin glue scaffold. A fourth group received minced cartilage impregnated with MSCs. Healing was assessed clinically, radiologically and pathologically in post-mortem samples. Results The surgical technique proved to be safe. No infection was reported and the animals were able to move normally after 8 weeks. Ex-vivo examination of the knee joints showed better healing of the defect in rabbits that received cartilage paste compared to those receiving MSCs+ fibrin glue followed by those receiving MSCs only. MRI showed persistent osteochondral defect in rabbits treated with MSCs, without and with fibrin glue, mean MOCART score was 10 points. However. The defect was smaller with fibrin glue. Complete defect fill, intact cartilage surface, and complete integration with adjacent cartilage was observed in rabbits treated with MSCs and Cartilage, mean MOCART score was 85 points. Pathologic examination revealed that MSCs, alone, induced chondrocyte proliferation and stimulated cartilage repair. A better result was obtained with MSCs + fibrin glue. The best repair was obtained when autologous cartilage paste was used. This is in agreement with MRI findings. Conclusions Repair of focal articular cartilage defects using autologous cartilage paste impregnated with MSCs appears to be successful as proven clinically, radiologically, as well as pathologically.

ARC Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2017

A clinical study to evaluate unilateral application of 10 holes dynamic compression plates (DCPs)... more A clinical study to evaluate unilateral application of 10 holes dynamic compression plates (DCPs) for the treatment of bilateral fracture of the mandible insingle-humped camels. Six cases of typical mandibular fractures in the dromedary camel were treated by unilateral application of 3.5 mm 10-holes DCP. Restrained of camels was performed with deep sedation using xylazine hydrochloride and ketamine hydrochloride. The main cause of mandibular fractures in the recorded cases was the biting. The result was quite encouraging and all the animals had an uneventful healing. No loosening of the fixation screws were noted in any case and all the fractures healed at variable time intervals ranging from 2.5 to 3 months period. We concluded that bilateral mandibular fracture in dromedary camels could be successfully repaired by unilateral bone plate with good outcome without additional fixation devices. At the present time, to our knowledge, this investigation could be considered the first report on the use unilateral intraoral DCP in clinical bilateral mandibular fractured cases of camels.

Iranian journal of allergy, asthma, and immunology, 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Nigella sativa (NS) fixed oil in comparis... more The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Nigella sativa (NS) fixed oil in comparison to dexamethasone (Dex) on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), peripheral blood eosinophils (PBE), allergen specific serum IgG1 and interleukins and airway inflammation in a murine model of allergic asthma. Thirty-one mice were divided into four groups. Group I (n = 6) served as the control group. Group II (n = 10) mice were sensitized intraperitoneally and challenged intratracheally with cone albumin with no treatment. Group III(n = 6) mice were sensitized, challenged, and treated with Dex for 17 days starting at 24 hours after the first challenge. Group IV (n = 9) mice were sensitized, challenged, and treated with NS fixed oil for 17 days as well. For all groups, the following procedures were carried out: immunohistochemical study of iNOS in lung tissues, detection of PBE percentage, and histopathological examination of lung tissues for inflammatory cells. Lung tissue iNOS expres...

Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, 2014

Summary The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the use of polypropylene mesh and glycerol ... more Summary The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the use of polypropylene mesh and glycerol preserved bovine pericardium (GBP) to repaire abdominal wall defects in 24 clinically healthy mongrel dogs using inlay and underlay techniques. Twenty four healthy mongrel dogs were used in this study. The animals were divided into two main groups according to the type of the prosthetic material used. Each group was further divided into two subgroups according to the implantation technique. The prosthetic materials used were polypropylene mesh (Prolene, Ethicon, Johnson and Johnson, Belgium) and GBP. The two implantation techniques were the inlay and underlay techniques. Based on postmortem findings, biomechanical analyses and histopathological examinations, GBP patches were found to be successful alternatives for the reinforcement and repair of large abdominal wall defects as compared to prolene mesh.

Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science, 2017

Global Society

This study aimed to evaluate, diagnosis and management of series cases in cats suffered from some... more This study aimed to evaluate, diagnosis and management of series cases in cats suffered from some critical urogenital problems causing abdominal pain. Forty-seven cats (21 Shiraz, 22 Siamese and 4 Egyptian Mau) were included. Diagnosis was based on history, clinical signs, cardiovascular and respiratory monitoring, radiography, abdominal ultrasonography, hematological and biochemical analysis. Feline Urologic Syndrome (FUS) was diagnosed in 18/47 cats (38.3%); urinary bladder rupture (UBR) 2/47 (4.3%); polycystic kidney (PKD) 1/47 (2.1%); uterine rupture (UtR) 1/47 (2.1%) and closed cervix pyometra (CP) 25/47 (53.2%). Cats were subjected to resuscitation and medical management before surgical intervention. Animals suffered FUS were treated using retrograde urohydropropulsion with cystocentesis and/ or tube cystostomy with successful recovery. Percutenous cystic aspiration was performed in the case of PKD. Ovariohystrectomy was the radical treatment in cats suffered from both CP and ...