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Papers by Prof. K.V. Ramani

Naval Research Logistics Quarterly, 1979

Health Policy and Planning, 2010

For the last ten to fifteen years, a comprehensive agenda of health sector reforms and health sys... more For the last ten to fifteen years, a comprehensive agenda of health sector reforms and health systems development has engulfed the health system in many countries in structural and organisational changes. Experience with varying degrees and types of ...

Global health action, 2015

The graduates of the diploma and degree programmes of nursing and midwifery in India are consider... more The graduates of the diploma and degree programmes of nursing and midwifery in India are considered skilled birth attendants (SBAs). This paper aimed to assess the confidence of final-year students from pre-service education programmes (diploma and bachelor's) in selected midwifery skills from the list of midwifery competencies of the International Confederation of Midwives (ICM). A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Gujarat, India, involving 633 final-year students from 25 educational institutions (private or government), randomly selected, stratified by the type of programme (diploma and bachelor's). Students assessed their confidence on a four-point scale, in four midwifery competency domains - antepartum, intrapartum, postpartum, and newborn care. Explorative factor analysis was used to reduce skill statements into separate subscales for each domain. Overall, 25-40% of students scored above the 75th percentile and 38-50% below the 50th percentile of confidence in al...

Global Health Action, 2015

Blood is a vital healthcare resource routinely used in a broad range of hospital procedures. It i... more Blood is a vital healthcare resource routinely used in a broad range of hospital procedures. It is also a potential vector for harmful, and sometimes fatal, infectious diseases such as HIV, HBV, and HCV. Morbidity and mortality resulting from the transfusion of infected blood have far-reaching consequences. The economic cost of a failure to control the transmission of infection is visible in countries with a high prevalence of HIV. Shortfalls in blood supply have a particular impact on women with pregnancy complications, trauma victims and children with severe life-threatening anaemia. Ensuring a safe, source and ethical supply of blood and blood products and rational clinical use of blood are important public health responsibilities of every national government. Blood transfusion services in India rely on very fragmented mix of competing independent and hospital based blood banks of different levels of sophistication, serving different types of hospitals and patients. Voluntary and...

Journal of Health Organization and Management, 2009

PurposeThis paper aims to focus on the management capacity assessment of the Reproductive and Chi... more PurposeThis paper aims to focus on the management capacity assessment of the Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) program at the state level.Design/methodology/approachBased on an extensive literature survey, and discussions with senior officers in charge of RCH program at the central and state level, the authors have developed a conceptual framework for management capacity assessment. Central to their framework are a few determinants of management capacity, a set of indicators to estimate these determinants, and a management capacity assessment tool to be administered by each state. A pilot survey of the management tool in a few states helped the authors to refine each instrument and finalize the same. A suitable management structure is suggested for effective management of the RCH program based on the population in each state.FindingsThe assessment brought out the need to strengthen the planning and monitoring of RCH activities, HR management practices, and inter‐departmental coord...

Journal of Health Organization and Management, 2006

PurposeThe paper seeks to show that health and socio‐economic developments are so closely intertw... more PurposeThe paper seeks to show that health and socio‐economic developments are so closely intertwined that is impossible to achieve one without the other.Design/methodology/approachThis paper sees that building health systems that are responsive to community needs, particularly for the poor, requires politically difficult and administratively demanding choices. Health is a priority goal in its own right, as well as a central input into economic development and poverty reduction.FindingsThe paper finds that, while the economic development in India has been gaining momentum over the last decade, the health system is at a crossroads today. Even though Government initiatives in public health have recorded some noteworthy successes over time, the Indian health system is ranked 118 among 191 WHO member countries on overall health performance.Originality/valueThis working paper describes the status of the health system, discusses critical areas of management concerns, suggests a few health...

Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 2009

Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 2009

Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 2009

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2011

Background Increasingly, women in India attend health facilities for childbirth, partly due to in... more Background Increasingly, women in India attend health facilities for childbirth, partly due to incentives paid under government programs. Increased use of health facilities can alleviate the risks of infections contracted in unhygienic home deliveries, but poor infection control practices in labour and delivery units also cause puerperal sepsis and other infections of childbirth. A needs assessment was conducted to provide information on procedures and practices related to infection control in labour and delivery units in Gujarat state, India. Methods Twenty health care facilities, including private and public primary health centres and referral hospitals, were sampled from two districts in Gujarat state, India. Three pre-tested tools for interviewing and for observation were used. Data collection was based on existing infection control guidelines for clean practices, clean equipment, clean environment and availability of diagnostics and treatment. The study was carried out from Apr...

Ahmadabad: Indian Institute …, 2007

Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers, 2010

Globally, more than 10 million children, under five years of age, almost all in poor countries, d... more Globally, more than 10 million children, under five years of age, almost all in poor countries, die every year (20 children per minute), mostly from preventable causes. The major causes of child death include neonatal disorders (death within 28 days of birth), diarrhoea, pneumonia, and measles with malnutrition being a major contributing factor for childhood illnesses. India alone accounts for almost 5,000 deaths of under-five years children (U5) every day. In 1975, the Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) was launched in the country to provide integrated health and nutrition services focusing upon the holistic development of children at the village level. Yet by 2005, 50 per cent of the children in India were still malnourished. India's neonatal mortality, which accounts for almost 50 per cent of the U5 deaths, is one of the highest in the world. India launched the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) in 1985. Yet full immunization in India had reached only 43.5 per cen...

Working Papers, 2010

If you experience problems downloading a file, check if you have the proper application to view i... more If you experience problems downloading a file, check if you have the proper application to view it first. Information about this may be contained in the File-Format links below. In case of further problems read the IDEAS help page. Note that these files are not on the IDEAS site. ...

Advances in Applied Sociology, 2012

Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 2009

Naval Research Logistics Quarterly, 1979

Health Policy and Planning, 2010

For the last ten to fifteen years, a comprehensive agenda of health sector reforms and health sys... more For the last ten to fifteen years, a comprehensive agenda of health sector reforms and health systems development has engulfed the health system in many countries in structural and organisational changes. Experience with varying degrees and types of ...

Global health action, 2015

The graduates of the diploma and degree programmes of nursing and midwifery in India are consider... more The graduates of the diploma and degree programmes of nursing and midwifery in India are considered skilled birth attendants (SBAs). This paper aimed to assess the confidence of final-year students from pre-service education programmes (diploma and bachelor's) in selected midwifery skills from the list of midwifery competencies of the International Confederation of Midwives (ICM). A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Gujarat, India, involving 633 final-year students from 25 educational institutions (private or government), randomly selected, stratified by the type of programme (diploma and bachelor's). Students assessed their confidence on a four-point scale, in four midwifery competency domains - antepartum, intrapartum, postpartum, and newborn care. Explorative factor analysis was used to reduce skill statements into separate subscales for each domain. Overall, 25-40% of students scored above the 75th percentile and 38-50% below the 50th percentile of confidence in al...

Global Health Action, 2015

Blood is a vital healthcare resource routinely used in a broad range of hospital procedures. It i... more Blood is a vital healthcare resource routinely used in a broad range of hospital procedures. It is also a potential vector for harmful, and sometimes fatal, infectious diseases such as HIV, HBV, and HCV. Morbidity and mortality resulting from the transfusion of infected blood have far-reaching consequences. The economic cost of a failure to control the transmission of infection is visible in countries with a high prevalence of HIV. Shortfalls in blood supply have a particular impact on women with pregnancy complications, trauma victims and children with severe life-threatening anaemia. Ensuring a safe, source and ethical supply of blood and blood products and rational clinical use of blood are important public health responsibilities of every national government. Blood transfusion services in India rely on very fragmented mix of competing independent and hospital based blood banks of different levels of sophistication, serving different types of hospitals and patients. Voluntary and...

Journal of Health Organization and Management, 2009

PurposeThis paper aims to focus on the management capacity assessment of the Reproductive and Chi... more PurposeThis paper aims to focus on the management capacity assessment of the Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) program at the state level.Design/methodology/approachBased on an extensive literature survey, and discussions with senior officers in charge of RCH program at the central and state level, the authors have developed a conceptual framework for management capacity assessment. Central to their framework are a few determinants of management capacity, a set of indicators to estimate these determinants, and a management capacity assessment tool to be administered by each state. A pilot survey of the management tool in a few states helped the authors to refine each instrument and finalize the same. A suitable management structure is suggested for effective management of the RCH program based on the population in each state.FindingsThe assessment brought out the need to strengthen the planning and monitoring of RCH activities, HR management practices, and inter‐departmental coord...

Journal of Health Organization and Management, 2006

PurposeThe paper seeks to show that health and socio‐economic developments are so closely intertw... more PurposeThe paper seeks to show that health and socio‐economic developments are so closely intertwined that is impossible to achieve one without the other.Design/methodology/approachThis paper sees that building health systems that are responsive to community needs, particularly for the poor, requires politically difficult and administratively demanding choices. Health is a priority goal in its own right, as well as a central input into economic development and poverty reduction.FindingsThe paper finds that, while the economic development in India has been gaining momentum over the last decade, the health system is at a crossroads today. Even though Government initiatives in public health have recorded some noteworthy successes over time, the Indian health system is ranked 118 among 191 WHO member countries on overall health performance.Originality/valueThis working paper describes the status of the health system, discusses critical areas of management concerns, suggests a few health...

Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 2009

Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 2009

Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 2009

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2011

Background Increasingly, women in India attend health facilities for childbirth, partly due to in... more Background Increasingly, women in India attend health facilities for childbirth, partly due to incentives paid under government programs. Increased use of health facilities can alleviate the risks of infections contracted in unhygienic home deliveries, but poor infection control practices in labour and delivery units also cause puerperal sepsis and other infections of childbirth. A needs assessment was conducted to provide information on procedures and practices related to infection control in labour and delivery units in Gujarat state, India. Methods Twenty health care facilities, including private and public primary health centres and referral hospitals, were sampled from two districts in Gujarat state, India. Three pre-tested tools for interviewing and for observation were used. Data collection was based on existing infection control guidelines for clean practices, clean equipment, clean environment and availability of diagnostics and treatment. The study was carried out from Apr...

Ahmadabad: Indian Institute …, 2007

Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers, 2010

Globally, more than 10 million children, under five years of age, almost all in poor countries, d... more Globally, more than 10 million children, under five years of age, almost all in poor countries, die every year (20 children per minute), mostly from preventable causes. The major causes of child death include neonatal disorders (death within 28 days of birth), diarrhoea, pneumonia, and measles with malnutrition being a major contributing factor for childhood illnesses. India alone accounts for almost 5,000 deaths of under-five years children (U5) every day. In 1975, the Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) was launched in the country to provide integrated health and nutrition services focusing upon the holistic development of children at the village level. Yet by 2005, 50 per cent of the children in India were still malnourished. India's neonatal mortality, which accounts for almost 50 per cent of the U5 deaths, is one of the highest in the world. India launched the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) in 1985. Yet full immunization in India had reached only 43.5 per cen...

Working Papers, 2010

If you experience problems downloading a file, check if you have the proper application to view i... more If you experience problems downloading a file, check if you have the proper application to view it first. Information about this may be contained in the File-Format links below. In case of further problems read the IDEAS help page. Note that these files are not on the IDEAS site. ...

Advances in Applied Sociology, 2012

Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 2009