Qazwan Tarbosh - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Qazwan Tarbosh

arXiv (Cornell University), May 1, 2021

Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) is a promising technique to enhance the network capacity and coverage o... more Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) is a promising technique to enhance the network capacity and coverage of next-generation (5G) based on utilizing a great number of available spectrum resources in mobile communication. Improving the 5G network requires enhancing and employing mm-wave beamforming channel propagation characteristics. To achieve high data rates, system performance remains a challenge given the impact of propagation channels in mm-wave that is insufficient in both path loss, delay spread, and penetration loss. Additional challenges arise due to high cost and energy consumption, which require combining both analog and digital beamforming (hybrid beamforming) to reduce the number of radio frequency (RF) chains. In this paper, the distributed powers in the small cell to suppress path loss by specifying a considerable power and controlling the distributed power to reduce the high cost and energy consumption was proposed. The hybrid beamforming in mm-wave exploits a large bandwidth which reduces the large path loss in Rayleigh fading channel. Also, the trade-off between the energy consumption of RF chains and cost efficiency depends on reducing the number of RF chains and the distributed number of users. This paper finds that hybrid beamforming for massive multipleinput multiple-output (MIMO) systems constitute a promising platform for advancing and capitalizing on 5G networks.

arXiv (Cornell University), Apr 26, 2021

Researchers and robotic development groups have recently started paying special attention to auto... more Researchers and robotic development groups have recently started paying special attention to autonomous mobile robot navigation in indoor environments using vision sensors. The required data is provided for robot navigation and object detection using a camera as a sensor. The aim of the project is to construct a mobile robot that has integrated vision system capability used by a webcam to locate, track and follow a moving object. To achieve this task, multiple image processing algorithms are implemented and processed in real-time. A mini-laptop was used for collecting the necessary data to be sent to a PIC microcontroller that turns the processes of data obtained to provide the robot's proper orientation. A vision system can be utilized in object recognition for robot control applications. The results demonstrate that the proposed mobile robot can be successfully operated through a webcam that detects the object and distinguishes a tennis ball based on its color and shape.

This research presents 2.52-2.65 GHz band-pass filter using multilayer hairpin resonator for digi... more This research presents 2.52-2.65 GHz band-pass filter using multilayer hairpin resonator for digital broadcasting applications. Four-pole resonators are centered at 2.58 GHz with bandwidth of 130 MHz .This filter is simulated using Computer Simulation Technology software (CST) and Advance Design System (ADS). Filter is designed using Chebyshev response with passband ripple of 0. 01 dB. Hairpin-line provides compact structures in the filter design. They can conceptually be obtained by folding the resonators of parallel-coupled half wavelength resonator into a “U” shape. This research will contribute towards a small size filter using the latest multilayer stack up model .The proposed microstrip half wavelength coupled line resonator design is employed to design the multilayer band pass filter . For parallel coupled line band pass filter, the passband insertion loss using FR4 Material is -5.651dB and when using RO3003 Material is -1.79dB .The passband return loss is -30.614dB for the FR4 material type and -18.52 dB for RO3003 material type. For multi-layer band pass filter the passband insertion loss using FR4 Material is -2.23dB and when using RO3003 Material is -1.009dB. The passband return loss is 22.706dB using FR4 material type and -18.99 dB when using RO3003 material type. Filter is fabricated on 1.6 mm thickness FR4 for parallel coupled line with dielectric constant of 4.3.

2021 International Congress of Advanced Technology and Engineering (ICOTEN), 2021

UWB is increasingly advancing as a high data rate wireless technology after the Federal Communica... more UWB is increasingly advancing as a high data rate wireless technology after the Federal Communication Commission announced the bandwidth of 7.5 GHz (from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz) for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. Furthermore, designing a UWB antenna faces more difficulties than designing a narrow band antenna. A suitable UWB antenna should be able to work over the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) of ultra-wide bandwidth allocation. Furthermore, good radiation properties across the entire frequency spectrum are needed. This paper outlines an optimization of fractal square microstrip patch antenna with the partial ground using a genetic algorithm at 3.5 GHz and 6 GHz. The optimized antenna design shows improved results compared to the non-optimized design. This design is optimized using a genetic algorithm and simulated using CST simulation software. The size of the optimized design is reduced by cutting the edges and the center of the patch. The optimized results reported, and concentrated on the rerun loss, VSWR and gain. The results indicate a significant enhancement as is illustrated in Table II. Thus, the optimized design is suitable for S-band and Cband applications.

TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control), 2020

Millimetre wave (mm-Wave) bands and sub-6 GHz are key technologies in solving the spectrum critic... more Millimetre wave (mm-Wave) bands and sub-6 GHz are key technologies in solving the spectrum critical situation in the fifth generation (5G) wireless networks in achieving high throughput with low transmission power. This paper studies the performance of dense small cells that involve a millimetre wave (mm-Wave) band and sub-6 GHz that operate in high frequency to support massive multiple-input-multiple-output systems (MIMO). In this paper, we analyse the propagation path loss and wireless powered transfer for a 5G wireless cellular system from both macro cells and femtocells in the sub-6 GHz (µWave) and mm-Wave tiers. This paper also analyses the tier heterogeneous in downlink for both mm-Wave and sub-6 GHz. It further proposes a novel distributed power to mitigate the inter-beam interference directors and achieve high throughput under game theory-based power constraints across the sub-6 GHz and mm-Wave interfaces. From the simulation results, the proposed distributed powers in femtocell suppresses inter-beam interference by minimising path loss to active users (UEs) and provides substantial power saving by controlling the distributed power algorithm to achieve high throughput.

IEEE Access, 2021

In the era of information society and 5G networks, cars are extremely important mobile informatio... more In the era of information society and 5G networks, cars are extremely important mobile information carriers. In order to meet the needs of multi-scenario business requirements such as vehicle assisted driving and in-vehicle entertainment, cars need to interact with the outside world. This interconnection and data transmission process is usually called vehicular communication (V2X, Vehicle-to-Everything). Device-to-device (D2D) communication not only has partial nature of communication, but also alleviate the current problem of spectrum scarcity of resources. The application of D2D communication in V2X can meet the requirements of high reliability and low latency, but resource reuse also brings interference. Softwaredefined networking (SDN) provides an optimal solution for interoperability and flexibility between the V2X and D2D communication. This paper reviews the integration of D2D and V2X communication from the perspective of SDN. The state-of-the-art and architectures of D2D-V2X were discussed. The similarity, characteristics, routing control, location management, patch scheduling and recovery is described. The integrated architecture reviewed in this paper can solve the problems of routing management, interference management and mobile management. It also overcome the disconnection problem between the D2D-V2X in terms of SDN and provides some effective solutions.

TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control, 2020

This paper presents a reduced size microstrip five poles hairpin band-pass filter using three-lay... more This paper presents a reduced size microstrip five poles hairpin band-pass filter using three-layers structure for Ku-band satellites application. The three-layers structure shows a substantially reduced filter size and enlarged bandwidth. The filter has been designed based on five-pole resonators at 12.475 GHz and bandwidth of 550 MHz. This filter is designed on Rogers RO3003 substrate having relative permittivity (εr) of 3. The proposed band-pass filter has been designed with the help of Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. Comparison analyses between the simulated insertion loss and reflection coefficient of RO3003 and FR4 substrates have been carried out in order to show the efficiency of the proposed filter design. Based on the obtained results, the proposed filter design achieves significant filter size reduction compared to other band-pass filters.

Recently, a multilayer structure is very imperative to minimize the size of planar microstrip fil... more Recently, a multilayer structure is very imperative to minimize the size of planar microstrip filters. In the flexible design and incorporation of other microwave components, a multilayer band-pass filter provides another dimension. This paper, therefore, introduces a band-pass filter of 2.52-2.65 GHz for digital broadcast applications using parallel-coupled line (PCL) and multilayer(ML) hairpin resonator. The targeted four-pole resonator has a center frequency of 2.58 GHz with a bandwidth of 130 MHz. The hairpin-line offers compact filter design structures. The proposed configuration of the parallel-coupled line (PCL) resonator is used to design the ML band-pass filter. The FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant (εr) of 4.3 and 1.6 mm thickness was used. Comparison analysis between the simulated insertion loss and the reflection coefficient of substrates RO3003 and FR4 was performed to verify the efficiency of the proposed filter design. Simulation of PCL filter is accomplished u...

TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control)

This paper presents a reduced size microstrip five poles hairpin band-pass filter using three-lay... more This paper presents a reduced size microstrip five poles hairpin band-pass filter using three-layers structure for Ku-band satellites application. The three-layers structure shows a substantially reduced filter size and enlarged bandwidth. The filter has been designed based on five-pole resonators at 12.475 GHz and bandwidth of 550 MHz. This filter is designed on Rogers RO3003 substrate having relative permittivity (εr) of 3. The proposed band-pass filter has been designed with the help of Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. Comparison analyses between the simulated insertion loss and reflection coefficient of RO3003 and FR4 substrates have been carried out in order to show the efficiency of the proposed filter design. Based on the obtained results, the proposed filter design achieves significant filter size reduction compared to other band-pass filters.

IEEE Access

The use of Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) as a speed controller for Induction Motor (IM) drives is ... more The use of Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) as a speed controller for Induction Motor (IM) drives is garnering strong researchers' interest since it has proven to achieve superior performance compared to conventional controllers. The aim of this study is to review and investigate the design, operations, and effects of rules reduction for FLC in IM drives. Based on the literature, the most commonly used technique to design FLC Membership Functions (MFs) rule-base and control model is based on engineering skills and experienced behavioral aspects of the controlled system. Simplified fuzzy rules approaches have been introduced to reduce the number of fuzzy rules in order to realize hardware implementation. This study discusses different simplified rules methods applied to IM drives. Most of the proposed methods shared a common drawback in that they lacked systematic procedures for designing FLC rule base. Therefore, this research proposed a methodological approach to designing and simplifying the FLC rule-base for IM drives based on dynamic step response and phase plane trajectory of the second order representation of IM drives systems. The proposed method presents guidance for designing FLC rule-base based on the general dynamic step response of the controlled system. Following the proposed method procedures, a (9, 25, 49) rules size has been designed and simplified to a (5, 7, 9) rules size. The effectiveness and accuracy of the designed rules as well as the simplified rules were verified by conducting simulation analysis of IM drives using MATLAB/Simulink environment.

Researchers and robotic development groups have recently started paying special attention to auto... more Researchers and robotic development groups have recently started paying special attention to autonomous mobile robot navigation in indoor environments using vision sensors. The required data is provided for robot navigation and object detection using a camera as a sensor. The aim of the project is to construct a mobile robot that has integrated vision system capability used by a webcam to locate, track and follow a moving object. To achieve this task, multiple image processing algorithms are implemented and processed in real-time. A mini-laptop was used for collecting the necessary data to be sent to a PIC microcontroller that turns the processes of data obtained to provide the robot's proper orientation. A vision system can be utilized in object recognition for robot control applications. The results demonstrate that the proposed mobile robot can be successfully operated through a webcam that detects the object and distinguishes a tennis ball based on its color and shape.

Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) is a promising technique to enhance the network capacity and coverage o... more Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) is a promising technique to enhance the network capacity and coverage of next-generation (5G) based on utilizing a great number of available spectrum resources in mobile communication. Improving the 5G network requires enhancing and employing mm-wave beamforming channel propagation characteristics. To achieve high data rates, system performance remains a challenge given the impact of propagation channels in mm-wave that is insufficient in both path loss, delay spread, and penetration loss. Additional challenges arise due to high cost and energy consumption, which require combining both analog and digital beamforming (hybrid beamforming) to reduce the number of radio frequency (RF) chains. In this paper, the distributed powers in the small cell to suppress path loss by specifying a considerable power and controlling the distributed power to reduce the high cost and energy consumption was proposed. The hybrid beamforming in mm-wave exploits a large bandwidth which reduces the large path loss in Rayleigh fading channel. Also, the trade-off between the energy consumption of RF chains and cost efficiency depends on reducing the number of RF chains and the distributed number of users. This paper finds that hybrid beamforming for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems constitute a promising platform for advancing and capitalizing on 5G networks.

Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) is a promising technique to enhance the network capacity and coverage o... more Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) is a promising technique to enhance the network capacity and coverage of next-generation (5G) based on utilizing a great number of available spectrum resources in mobile communication. Improving the 5G network requires enhancing and employing mm-wave beamforming channel propagation characteristics. To achieve high data rates, system performance remains a challenge given the impact of propagation channels in mm-wave that is insufficient in both path loss, delay spread, and penetration loss. Additional challenges arise due to high cost and energy consumption, which require combining both analog and digital beamforming (hybrid beamforming) to reduce the number of radio frequency (RF) chains. In this paper, the distributed powers in the small cell to suppress path loss by specifying a considerable power and controlling the distributed power to reduce the high cost and energy consumption was proposed. The hybrid beamforming in mm-wave exploits a large bandwidth which reduces the large path loss in Rayleigh fading channel. Also, the trade-off between the energy consumption of RF chains and cost efficiency depends on reducing the number of RF chains and the distributed number of users. This paper finds that hybrid beamforming for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems constitute a promising platform for advancing and capitalizing on 5G networks.

TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control, 2020

Millimetre wave (mm-Wave) bands and sub-6 GHz are key technologies in solving the spectrum critic... more Millimetre wave (mm-Wave) bands and sub-6 GHz are key technologies in solving the spectrum critical situation in the fifth generation (5G) wireless networks in achieving high throughput with low transmission power. This paper studies the performance of dense small cells that involve a millimetre wave (mm-Wave) band and sub-6 GHz that operate in high frequency to support massive multiple-input-multiple-output systems (MIMO). In this paper, we analyse the propagation path loss and wireless powered transfer for a 5G wireless cellular system from both macro cells and femtocells in the sub-6 GHz (µWave) and mm-Wave tiers. This paper also analyses the tier heterogeneous in downlink for both mm-Wave and sub-6 GHz. It further proposes a novel distributed power to mitigate the inter-beam interference directors and achieve high throughput under game theory-based power constraints across the sub-6 GHz and mm-Wave interfaces. From the simulation results, the proposed distributed powers in femtocell suppresses inter-beam interference by minimising path loss to active users (UEs) and provides substantial power saving by controlling the distributed power algorithm to achieve high throughput.

arXiv (Cornell University), May 1, 2021

Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) is a promising technique to enhance the network capacity and coverage o... more Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) is a promising technique to enhance the network capacity and coverage of next-generation (5G) based on utilizing a great number of available spectrum resources in mobile communication. Improving the 5G network requires enhancing and employing mm-wave beamforming channel propagation characteristics. To achieve high data rates, system performance remains a challenge given the impact of propagation channels in mm-wave that is insufficient in both path loss, delay spread, and penetration loss. Additional challenges arise due to high cost and energy consumption, which require combining both analog and digital beamforming (hybrid beamforming) to reduce the number of radio frequency (RF) chains. In this paper, the distributed powers in the small cell to suppress path loss by specifying a considerable power and controlling the distributed power to reduce the high cost and energy consumption was proposed. The hybrid beamforming in mm-wave exploits a large bandwidth which reduces the large path loss in Rayleigh fading channel. Also, the trade-off between the energy consumption of RF chains and cost efficiency depends on reducing the number of RF chains and the distributed number of users. This paper finds that hybrid beamforming for massive multipleinput multiple-output (MIMO) systems constitute a promising platform for advancing and capitalizing on 5G networks.

arXiv (Cornell University), Apr 26, 2021

Researchers and robotic development groups have recently started paying special attention to auto... more Researchers and robotic development groups have recently started paying special attention to autonomous mobile robot navigation in indoor environments using vision sensors. The required data is provided for robot navigation and object detection using a camera as a sensor. The aim of the project is to construct a mobile robot that has integrated vision system capability used by a webcam to locate, track and follow a moving object. To achieve this task, multiple image processing algorithms are implemented and processed in real-time. A mini-laptop was used for collecting the necessary data to be sent to a PIC microcontroller that turns the processes of data obtained to provide the robot's proper orientation. A vision system can be utilized in object recognition for robot control applications. The results demonstrate that the proposed mobile robot can be successfully operated through a webcam that detects the object and distinguishes a tennis ball based on its color and shape.

This research presents 2.52-2.65 GHz band-pass filter using multilayer hairpin resonator for digi... more This research presents 2.52-2.65 GHz band-pass filter using multilayer hairpin resonator for digital broadcasting applications. Four-pole resonators are centered at 2.58 GHz with bandwidth of 130 MHz .This filter is simulated using Computer Simulation Technology software (CST) and Advance Design System (ADS). Filter is designed using Chebyshev response with passband ripple of 0. 01 dB. Hairpin-line provides compact structures in the filter design. They can conceptually be obtained by folding the resonators of parallel-coupled half wavelength resonator into a “U” shape. This research will contribute towards a small size filter using the latest multilayer stack up model .The proposed microstrip half wavelength coupled line resonator design is employed to design the multilayer band pass filter . For parallel coupled line band pass filter, the passband insertion loss using FR4 Material is -5.651dB and when using RO3003 Material is -1.79dB .The passband return loss is -30.614dB for the FR4 material type and -18.52 dB for RO3003 material type. For multi-layer band pass filter the passband insertion loss using FR4 Material is -2.23dB and when using RO3003 Material is -1.009dB. The passband return loss is 22.706dB using FR4 material type and -18.99 dB when using RO3003 material type. Filter is fabricated on 1.6 mm thickness FR4 for parallel coupled line with dielectric constant of 4.3.

2021 International Congress of Advanced Technology and Engineering (ICOTEN), 2021

UWB is increasingly advancing as a high data rate wireless technology after the Federal Communica... more UWB is increasingly advancing as a high data rate wireless technology after the Federal Communication Commission announced the bandwidth of 7.5 GHz (from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz) for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. Furthermore, designing a UWB antenna faces more difficulties than designing a narrow band antenna. A suitable UWB antenna should be able to work over the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) of ultra-wide bandwidth allocation. Furthermore, good radiation properties across the entire frequency spectrum are needed. This paper outlines an optimization of fractal square microstrip patch antenna with the partial ground using a genetic algorithm at 3.5 GHz and 6 GHz. The optimized antenna design shows improved results compared to the non-optimized design. This design is optimized using a genetic algorithm and simulated using CST simulation software. The size of the optimized design is reduced by cutting the edges and the center of the patch. The optimized results reported, and concentrated on the rerun loss, VSWR and gain. The results indicate a significant enhancement as is illustrated in Table II. Thus, the optimized design is suitable for S-band and Cband applications.

TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control), 2020

Millimetre wave (mm-Wave) bands and sub-6 GHz are key technologies in solving the spectrum critic... more Millimetre wave (mm-Wave) bands and sub-6 GHz are key technologies in solving the spectrum critical situation in the fifth generation (5G) wireless networks in achieving high throughput with low transmission power. This paper studies the performance of dense small cells that involve a millimetre wave (mm-Wave) band and sub-6 GHz that operate in high frequency to support massive multiple-input-multiple-output systems (MIMO). In this paper, we analyse the propagation path loss and wireless powered transfer for a 5G wireless cellular system from both macro cells and femtocells in the sub-6 GHz (µWave) and mm-Wave tiers. This paper also analyses the tier heterogeneous in downlink for both mm-Wave and sub-6 GHz. It further proposes a novel distributed power to mitigate the inter-beam interference directors and achieve high throughput under game theory-based power constraints across the sub-6 GHz and mm-Wave interfaces. From the simulation results, the proposed distributed powers in femtocell suppresses inter-beam interference by minimising path loss to active users (UEs) and provides substantial power saving by controlling the distributed power algorithm to achieve high throughput.

IEEE Access, 2021

In the era of information society and 5G networks, cars are extremely important mobile informatio... more In the era of information society and 5G networks, cars are extremely important mobile information carriers. In order to meet the needs of multi-scenario business requirements such as vehicle assisted driving and in-vehicle entertainment, cars need to interact with the outside world. This interconnection and data transmission process is usually called vehicular communication (V2X, Vehicle-to-Everything). Device-to-device (D2D) communication not only has partial nature of communication, but also alleviate the current problem of spectrum scarcity of resources. The application of D2D communication in V2X can meet the requirements of high reliability and low latency, but resource reuse also brings interference. Softwaredefined networking (SDN) provides an optimal solution for interoperability and flexibility between the V2X and D2D communication. This paper reviews the integration of D2D and V2X communication from the perspective of SDN. The state-of-the-art and architectures of D2D-V2X were discussed. The similarity, characteristics, routing control, location management, patch scheduling and recovery is described. The integrated architecture reviewed in this paper can solve the problems of routing management, interference management and mobile management. It also overcome the disconnection problem between the D2D-V2X in terms of SDN and provides some effective solutions.

TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control, 2020

This paper presents a reduced size microstrip five poles hairpin band-pass filter using three-lay... more This paper presents a reduced size microstrip five poles hairpin band-pass filter using three-layers structure for Ku-band satellites application. The three-layers structure shows a substantially reduced filter size and enlarged bandwidth. The filter has been designed based on five-pole resonators at 12.475 GHz and bandwidth of 550 MHz. This filter is designed on Rogers RO3003 substrate having relative permittivity (εr) of 3. The proposed band-pass filter has been designed with the help of Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. Comparison analyses between the simulated insertion loss and reflection coefficient of RO3003 and FR4 substrates have been carried out in order to show the efficiency of the proposed filter design. Based on the obtained results, the proposed filter design achieves significant filter size reduction compared to other band-pass filters.

Recently, a multilayer structure is very imperative to minimize the size of planar microstrip fil... more Recently, a multilayer structure is very imperative to minimize the size of planar microstrip filters. In the flexible design and incorporation of other microwave components, a multilayer band-pass filter provides another dimension. This paper, therefore, introduces a band-pass filter of 2.52-2.65 GHz for digital broadcast applications using parallel-coupled line (PCL) and multilayer(ML) hairpin resonator. The targeted four-pole resonator has a center frequency of 2.58 GHz with a bandwidth of 130 MHz. The hairpin-line offers compact filter design structures. The proposed configuration of the parallel-coupled line (PCL) resonator is used to design the ML band-pass filter. The FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant (εr) of 4.3 and 1.6 mm thickness was used. Comparison analysis between the simulated insertion loss and the reflection coefficient of substrates RO3003 and FR4 was performed to verify the efficiency of the proposed filter design. Simulation of PCL filter is accomplished u...

TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control)

This paper presents a reduced size microstrip five poles hairpin band-pass filter using three-lay... more This paper presents a reduced size microstrip five poles hairpin band-pass filter using three-layers structure for Ku-band satellites application. The three-layers structure shows a substantially reduced filter size and enlarged bandwidth. The filter has been designed based on five-pole resonators at 12.475 GHz and bandwidth of 550 MHz. This filter is designed on Rogers RO3003 substrate having relative permittivity (εr) of 3. The proposed band-pass filter has been designed with the help of Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. Comparison analyses between the simulated insertion loss and reflection coefficient of RO3003 and FR4 substrates have been carried out in order to show the efficiency of the proposed filter design. Based on the obtained results, the proposed filter design achieves significant filter size reduction compared to other band-pass filters.

IEEE Access

The use of Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) as a speed controller for Induction Motor (IM) drives is ... more The use of Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) as a speed controller for Induction Motor (IM) drives is garnering strong researchers' interest since it has proven to achieve superior performance compared to conventional controllers. The aim of this study is to review and investigate the design, operations, and effects of rules reduction for FLC in IM drives. Based on the literature, the most commonly used technique to design FLC Membership Functions (MFs) rule-base and control model is based on engineering skills and experienced behavioral aspects of the controlled system. Simplified fuzzy rules approaches have been introduced to reduce the number of fuzzy rules in order to realize hardware implementation. This study discusses different simplified rules methods applied to IM drives. Most of the proposed methods shared a common drawback in that they lacked systematic procedures for designing FLC rule base. Therefore, this research proposed a methodological approach to designing and simplifying the FLC rule-base for IM drives based on dynamic step response and phase plane trajectory of the second order representation of IM drives systems. The proposed method presents guidance for designing FLC rule-base based on the general dynamic step response of the controlled system. Following the proposed method procedures, a (9, 25, 49) rules size has been designed and simplified to a (5, 7, 9) rules size. The effectiveness and accuracy of the designed rules as well as the simplified rules were verified by conducting simulation analysis of IM drives using MATLAB/Simulink environment.

Researchers and robotic development groups have recently started paying special attention to auto... more Researchers and robotic development groups have recently started paying special attention to autonomous mobile robot navigation in indoor environments using vision sensors. The required data is provided for robot navigation and object detection using a camera as a sensor. The aim of the project is to construct a mobile robot that has integrated vision system capability used by a webcam to locate, track and follow a moving object. To achieve this task, multiple image processing algorithms are implemented and processed in real-time. A mini-laptop was used for collecting the necessary data to be sent to a PIC microcontroller that turns the processes of data obtained to provide the robot's proper orientation. A vision system can be utilized in object recognition for robot control applications. The results demonstrate that the proposed mobile robot can be successfully operated through a webcam that detects the object and distinguishes a tennis ball based on its color and shape.

Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) is a promising technique to enhance the network capacity and coverage o... more Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) is a promising technique to enhance the network capacity and coverage of next-generation (5G) based on utilizing a great number of available spectrum resources in mobile communication. Improving the 5G network requires enhancing and employing mm-wave beamforming channel propagation characteristics. To achieve high data rates, system performance remains a challenge given the impact of propagation channels in mm-wave that is insufficient in both path loss, delay spread, and penetration loss. Additional challenges arise due to high cost and energy consumption, which require combining both analog and digital beamforming (hybrid beamforming) to reduce the number of radio frequency (RF) chains. In this paper, the distributed powers in the small cell to suppress path loss by specifying a considerable power and controlling the distributed power to reduce the high cost and energy consumption was proposed. The hybrid beamforming in mm-wave exploits a large bandwidth which reduces the large path loss in Rayleigh fading channel. Also, the trade-off between the energy consumption of RF chains and cost efficiency depends on reducing the number of RF chains and the distributed number of users. This paper finds that hybrid beamforming for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems constitute a promising platform for advancing and capitalizing on 5G networks.

Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) is a promising technique to enhance the network capacity and coverage o... more Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) is a promising technique to enhance the network capacity and coverage of next-generation (5G) based on utilizing a great number of available spectrum resources in mobile communication. Improving the 5G network requires enhancing and employing mm-wave beamforming channel propagation characteristics. To achieve high data rates, system performance remains a challenge given the impact of propagation channels in mm-wave that is insufficient in both path loss, delay spread, and penetration loss. Additional challenges arise due to high cost and energy consumption, which require combining both analog and digital beamforming (hybrid beamforming) to reduce the number of radio frequency (RF) chains. In this paper, the distributed powers in the small cell to suppress path loss by specifying a considerable power and controlling the distributed power to reduce the high cost and energy consumption was proposed. The hybrid beamforming in mm-wave exploits a large bandwidth which reduces the large path loss in Rayleigh fading channel. Also, the trade-off between the energy consumption of RF chains and cost efficiency depends on reducing the number of RF chains and the distributed number of users. This paper finds that hybrid beamforming for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems constitute a promising platform for advancing and capitalizing on 5G networks.

TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control, 2020

Millimetre wave (mm-Wave) bands and sub-6 GHz are key technologies in solving the spectrum critic... more Millimetre wave (mm-Wave) bands and sub-6 GHz are key technologies in solving the spectrum critical situation in the fifth generation (5G) wireless networks in achieving high throughput with low transmission power. This paper studies the performance of dense small cells that involve a millimetre wave (mm-Wave) band and sub-6 GHz that operate in high frequency to support massive multiple-input-multiple-output systems (MIMO). In this paper, we analyse the propagation path loss and wireless powered transfer for a 5G wireless cellular system from both macro cells and femtocells in the sub-6 GHz (µWave) and mm-Wave tiers. This paper also analyses the tier heterogeneous in downlink for both mm-Wave and sub-6 GHz. It further proposes a novel distributed power to mitigate the inter-beam interference directors and achieve high throughput under game theory-based power constraints across the sub-6 GHz and mm-Wave interfaces. From the simulation results, the proposed distributed powers in femtocell suppresses inter-beam interference by minimising path loss to active users (UEs) and provides substantial power saving by controlling the distributed power algorithm to achieve high throughput.