RAJ SARKAR - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by RAJ SARKAR
National Journal of Physiology Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2021
‘Decision Making’ subsystems is a fascinating but challenging endeavour in modern technology invo... more ‘Decision Making’ subsystems is a fascinating but challenging endeavour in modern technology involving human brain, previously adapted practices, improved and skilful knowledge of problem statement and integrating all with sophisticated logical synthesis in technological milieu. Numerous attempts in this regards have been reported in reputed scientific publications so far. The concurrent research trend articulates several decision making subsystems in smart phones, different switching systems, remote sensing panels and not but least in sophisticated computer systems. Several dedicated decision making software are in market. The very recent approach to incorporate nanoscaled decision making systems has attracted academics and industries worldwide; especially using Single Electron Device [SED] based decision making systems. One such model is reported here in this present context. Furthermore, the system is empirically tested on Monte-Carlo environment to make the highest exposure of the proposed model. Subsequently another alternative model is demonstrated to calibrate the result with the previous one. Both the models are then compared to achieve the best consequences and subsequently it is revealed that the second model is more
Rapid progress in fabrication technology of silicon nano-devices has shrunk the device dimension ... more Rapid progress in fabrication technology of silicon nano-devices has shrunk the device dimension toward 10nm scale. With this continuous device downscaling technique the mainstream CMOS technology has reached its fundamental physical limits. Consequently this has imparted detrimental effects that play an escalating role leading to a difficult and costly miniaturization of MOSFETs and even more to a future end of the classic scaling. In such context a serious aspirant for the next generation electronics were required; anticipating that it should be potentially capable to overcome the limitation of the existing technology. Single electronics technology (SET), a new field of solid state science and technology then after have evolved speedily in both theory and experiments because the essential nanofabrication techniques have become available during the past two decades. Now a group of researchers has initiated to incorporate SET in logic device designing in digital electronics. Here th...
Introduction: Obesity has been considered a worldwide epidemic in recent years and is associated ... more Introduction: Obesity has been considered a worldwide epidemic in recent years and is associated with co-morbidities like diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis to name a few. It can cause deleterious effects on the body and its effect on the respiratory function can impair the health and or quality of life of the individual. Aim: To find out the effects of obesity on lung function by comparing the pulmonary function in obese and non-obese. Methods: We recruited 40 people between 20 and 60 years. They were divided into 2 groups obese and non-obese, depending on their body mass index (BMI) according to WHO criteria. Spirometry was performed on all the subjects. The statistical analysis was done using independent t-test and Pearson’s correlation was used to show a relationship between the variables BMI, ERV, IRV and MVV. A level of significance p< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Significant differences were observed in spirometric parameters ERV, IRV and...
Recent evolution in physics and fabrication technology has led to new horizon in electronics, one... more Recent evolution in physics and fabrication technology has led to new horizon in electronics, one such promising candidate is the Single Electronics Technology that attracted huge attention in both academics and industry. It represents a new class of electronics that precisely detect and control the transport of individual electron and thereby create Single Electron Devices for next generation electronics in nano regime. SETs are considered as the next generation electronics for post CMOS VLSI ICs because of unique principle of operation, quantized nature of carrier transport, ultra small size and low power dissipation like intrinsic properties. Researchers now aim to emphasize this technology in every sphere of life. The authors here take this opportunity to employ SETs in designing decision making sub-system which is not only novel in nature but simultaneously very fascinating but challenging act. The designed model is tested using Monte Carlo based simulation tools so that to inv...
Progress in lipid modification therapy has resulted in a relative risk reduction of one-third in ... more Progress in lipid modification therapy has resulted in a relative risk reduction of one-third in major vascular eventsbut has not reduced cardiovascular disease mortality significantly. The study was conducted to investigate trend in the changes of lipid profile over a period of 5 years in healthy people of the different age group among. The mean age of the study cohort was 35.6 years. The mean serum cholesterol was 175.1±13.06mg%, HDL-58.35±8.05mg% TG-97.71±13.51mg%, LDL-98.92±19.47mg%. There was a significant increase of serum Cholesterol level, LDL & Triglyceride levels in the study II which was conducted after a gap of 5 years. The HDL cholesterol also showed a decrease across all age groups. There was a strong relationship between healthier lifestyle factors in individuals who maintained inception lipid profile. Individuals who maintained desired lipid profiles had a progressively higher prevalence of lower BMI (<25 kg/m 2 ), moderate physical activity (30 min walking/day)...
Reinforced concrete elements of structures in the form of columns, beams, ceilings are widely use... more Reinforced concrete elements of structures in the form of columns, beams, ceilings are widely used in the construction of buildings and structures of industrial and civil construction. In most cases, the columns serve as supports for other building elements, for example, crossbars, slabs, girders, beams. One of the cycles of the work of reinforced concrete structures is the state of their repair and reconstruction, including the stages of strengthening the elements. There is a problem of strengthening of reinforced concrete columns. The article deals with the issue of reinforcing columns and other structural elements having a cylindrical surface, with polymeric composite materials in the form of carbon fiber lamellae. The use of composite materials allows to increase the service life and strength of reinforced concrete structures used in construction.
Materials Science Forum, 2018
The comparison of the numerical methods: the finite element method, the Galerkin Method, the diff... more The comparison of the numerical methods: the finite element method, the Galerkin Method, the difference method is considered for the study of the stability of the rods. The dependence of the solution of the stability problem on the parameters of the discretization of these numerical methods is studied. It is shown that the mathematical models are sufficiently accurate to analyze the stability of the rods of constant and variable sections.
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2018
Background: Aim and objective of the study was to determine whether a difference in systolic and ... more Background: Aim and objective of the study was to determine whether a difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure reading exists in between arms. To establish the mean and normal range of difference in simultaneous systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements between the right and left arm. It is unclear to what extent inter-arm blood pressure (BP) differences may be present in younger people so that they can take precaution in relation with age.Methods: 51 male and 51 female subjects were selected randomly in age group of 18 -20 yrs. A normal mercury sphygmomanometer was used employing Korotkoff I and V. 3 readings were taken sequentially for each arm using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer with the subject sitting after resting for 10 min.Results: Mean ± SD inter-arm differences in Systolic blood pressure were 4.784 ± 6.338 mmHg in males and 2.314 ± 5.159 mmHg in females while Diastolic blood pressure were 3.451 ± 5.471 mmHg in males and 1.059 ± 5.112 mmHg in femal...
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2019
American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2011
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2017
Background: Blood group and its relation to bleeding time (BT) and clotting time (CT) is importa... more Background: Blood group and its relation to bleeding time (BT) and clotting time (CT) is important in conditions like epistaxis, thrombosis, and surgery. Earlier studies depicted O group having prolonged BT and CT. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of BT and CT with ABO groups.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of physiology, Gauhati medical college. The study included 154 students. Blood grouping was determined with the standard antiserum; BT and CT were estimated by the duke method and slide method, respectively. Blood group and its relation to BT, CT were analyzed by Chi-square analysis.Results: Blood group O (42.2%) was predominant in both genders followed by B (31.8%), A (21%), AB (4.5%). CT was found to be more than 6 minutes in group O (31.57%) followed by group AB (26.31%), A and B (21.05%). The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.02). BT was found to be more than 4 minutes in group O (82.35%) followed by A (11...
Clinical Case Reports, 2016
International Journal of Physiology, 2016
Obesity is a global health hazard and the prevalence of obesity is increasing. There is evidence ... more Obesity is a global health hazard and the prevalence of obesity is increasing. There is evidence that obesity, particularly abdominal obesity is negatively associated with pulmonary function. Obesity-related health risks are better explained by waist circumference (WC) than BMI as it provides information on fat distribution that cannot be obtained from BMI. We aimed to evaluate the association of WC with pulmonary function in adults with or without obesity. Pulmonary function was assessed by spirometry in 40 non-obese and obese adults between 20–60 years. Their height, weight and waist circumference were recorded. Student's t-test was done and Pearson's correlation was used to show a relationship between WC and the spirometric variables. Significant differences were observed in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) between the obese and non-obese groups. WC showed a significant negative association with FEV1, FVC, ERV and MVV. The mechanisms underlying this association need to be further explored.
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 2016
National Journal of Physiology Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2021
‘Decision Making’ subsystems is a fascinating but challenging endeavour in modern technology invo... more ‘Decision Making’ subsystems is a fascinating but challenging endeavour in modern technology involving human brain, previously adapted practices, improved and skilful knowledge of problem statement and integrating all with sophisticated logical synthesis in technological milieu. Numerous attempts in this regards have been reported in reputed scientific publications so far. The concurrent research trend articulates several decision making subsystems in smart phones, different switching systems, remote sensing panels and not but least in sophisticated computer systems. Several dedicated decision making software are in market. The very recent approach to incorporate nanoscaled decision making systems has attracted academics and industries worldwide; especially using Single Electron Device [SED] based decision making systems. One such model is reported here in this present context. Furthermore, the system is empirically tested on Monte-Carlo environment to make the highest exposure of the proposed model. Subsequently another alternative model is demonstrated to calibrate the result with the previous one. Both the models are then compared to achieve the best consequences and subsequently it is revealed that the second model is more
Rapid progress in fabrication technology of silicon nano-devices has shrunk the device dimension ... more Rapid progress in fabrication technology of silicon nano-devices has shrunk the device dimension toward 10nm scale. With this continuous device downscaling technique the mainstream CMOS technology has reached its fundamental physical limits. Consequently this has imparted detrimental effects that play an escalating role leading to a difficult and costly miniaturization of MOSFETs and even more to a future end of the classic scaling. In such context a serious aspirant for the next generation electronics were required; anticipating that it should be potentially capable to overcome the limitation of the existing technology. Single electronics technology (SET), a new field of solid state science and technology then after have evolved speedily in both theory and experiments because the essential nanofabrication techniques have become available during the past two decades. Now a group of researchers has initiated to incorporate SET in logic device designing in digital electronics. Here th...
Introduction: Obesity has been considered a worldwide epidemic in recent years and is associated ... more Introduction: Obesity has been considered a worldwide epidemic in recent years and is associated with co-morbidities like diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis to name a few. It can cause deleterious effects on the body and its effect on the respiratory function can impair the health and or quality of life of the individual. Aim: To find out the effects of obesity on lung function by comparing the pulmonary function in obese and non-obese. Methods: We recruited 40 people between 20 and 60 years. They were divided into 2 groups obese and non-obese, depending on their body mass index (BMI) according to WHO criteria. Spirometry was performed on all the subjects. The statistical analysis was done using independent t-test and Pearson’s correlation was used to show a relationship between the variables BMI, ERV, IRV and MVV. A level of significance p< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Significant differences were observed in spirometric parameters ERV, IRV and...
Recent evolution in physics and fabrication technology has led to new horizon in electronics, one... more Recent evolution in physics and fabrication technology has led to new horizon in electronics, one such promising candidate is the Single Electronics Technology that attracted huge attention in both academics and industry. It represents a new class of electronics that precisely detect and control the transport of individual electron and thereby create Single Electron Devices for next generation electronics in nano regime. SETs are considered as the next generation electronics for post CMOS VLSI ICs because of unique principle of operation, quantized nature of carrier transport, ultra small size and low power dissipation like intrinsic properties. Researchers now aim to emphasize this technology in every sphere of life. The authors here take this opportunity to employ SETs in designing decision making sub-system which is not only novel in nature but simultaneously very fascinating but challenging act. The designed model is tested using Monte Carlo based simulation tools so that to inv...
Progress in lipid modification therapy has resulted in a relative risk reduction of one-third in ... more Progress in lipid modification therapy has resulted in a relative risk reduction of one-third in major vascular eventsbut has not reduced cardiovascular disease mortality significantly. The study was conducted to investigate trend in the changes of lipid profile over a period of 5 years in healthy people of the different age group among. The mean age of the study cohort was 35.6 years. The mean serum cholesterol was 175.1±13.06mg%, HDL-58.35±8.05mg% TG-97.71±13.51mg%, LDL-98.92±19.47mg%. There was a significant increase of serum Cholesterol level, LDL & Triglyceride levels in the study II which was conducted after a gap of 5 years. The HDL cholesterol also showed a decrease across all age groups. There was a strong relationship between healthier lifestyle factors in individuals who maintained inception lipid profile. Individuals who maintained desired lipid profiles had a progressively higher prevalence of lower BMI (<25 kg/m 2 ), moderate physical activity (30 min walking/day)...
Reinforced concrete elements of structures in the form of columns, beams, ceilings are widely use... more Reinforced concrete elements of structures in the form of columns, beams, ceilings are widely used in the construction of buildings and structures of industrial and civil construction. In most cases, the columns serve as supports for other building elements, for example, crossbars, slabs, girders, beams. One of the cycles of the work of reinforced concrete structures is the state of their repair and reconstruction, including the stages of strengthening the elements. There is a problem of strengthening of reinforced concrete columns. The article deals with the issue of reinforcing columns and other structural elements having a cylindrical surface, with polymeric composite materials in the form of carbon fiber lamellae. The use of composite materials allows to increase the service life and strength of reinforced concrete structures used in construction.
Materials Science Forum, 2018
The comparison of the numerical methods: the finite element method, the Galerkin Method, the diff... more The comparison of the numerical methods: the finite element method, the Galerkin Method, the difference method is considered for the study of the stability of the rods. The dependence of the solution of the stability problem on the parameters of the discretization of these numerical methods is studied. It is shown that the mathematical models are sufficiently accurate to analyze the stability of the rods of constant and variable sections.
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2018
Background: Aim and objective of the study was to determine whether a difference in systolic and ... more Background: Aim and objective of the study was to determine whether a difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure reading exists in between arms. To establish the mean and normal range of difference in simultaneous systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements between the right and left arm. It is unclear to what extent inter-arm blood pressure (BP) differences may be present in younger people so that they can take precaution in relation with age.Methods: 51 male and 51 female subjects were selected randomly in age group of 18 -20 yrs. A normal mercury sphygmomanometer was used employing Korotkoff I and V. 3 readings were taken sequentially for each arm using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer with the subject sitting after resting for 10 min.Results: Mean ± SD inter-arm differences in Systolic blood pressure were 4.784 ± 6.338 mmHg in males and 2.314 ± 5.159 mmHg in females while Diastolic blood pressure were 3.451 ± 5.471 mmHg in males and 1.059 ± 5.112 mmHg in femal...
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2019
American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2011
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2017
Background: Blood group and its relation to bleeding time (BT) and clotting time (CT) is importa... more Background: Blood group and its relation to bleeding time (BT) and clotting time (CT) is important in conditions like epistaxis, thrombosis, and surgery. Earlier studies depicted O group having prolonged BT and CT. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of BT and CT with ABO groups.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of physiology, Gauhati medical college. The study included 154 students. Blood grouping was determined with the standard antiserum; BT and CT were estimated by the duke method and slide method, respectively. Blood group and its relation to BT, CT were analyzed by Chi-square analysis.Results: Blood group O (42.2%) was predominant in both genders followed by B (31.8%), A (21%), AB (4.5%). CT was found to be more than 6 minutes in group O (31.57%) followed by group AB (26.31%), A and B (21.05%). The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.02). BT was found to be more than 4 minutes in group O (82.35%) followed by A (11...
Clinical Case Reports, 2016
International Journal of Physiology, 2016
Obesity is a global health hazard and the prevalence of obesity is increasing. There is evidence ... more Obesity is a global health hazard and the prevalence of obesity is increasing. There is evidence that obesity, particularly abdominal obesity is negatively associated with pulmonary function. Obesity-related health risks are better explained by waist circumference (WC) than BMI as it provides information on fat distribution that cannot be obtained from BMI. We aimed to evaluate the association of WC with pulmonary function in adults with or without obesity. Pulmonary function was assessed by spirometry in 40 non-obese and obese adults between 20–60 years. Their height, weight and waist circumference were recorded. Student's t-test was done and Pearson's correlation was used to show a relationship between WC and the spirometric variables. Significant differences were observed in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) between the obese and non-obese groups. WC showed a significant negative association with FEV1, FVC, ERV and MVV. The mechanisms underlying this association need to be further explored.
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 2016