Radovan Fuchs - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Radovan Fuchs
The paper describes the effect of glucocorticoide dexamethasone (DM) given intraperitoneally on t... more The paper describes the effect of glucocorticoide dexamethasone (DM) given intraperitoneally on the catalytic activity of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) measured in plasma, liver and white adipose tissue of rats of both sexes. Effects of DM on the concentration of plasma lipids and lipoproteins were also tested. Rats were given multiple (2 and 4) pharmacological doses (0.4 and 3.0 mg kg-1 body mass) of DM. All animals were sacrificed 48 h after the last dose. Administration of DM significantly decreased the catalytic activity of BuChE in plasma and liver of all treated groups regardless of sex. BuChE catalytic activity in white adipose tissue differed depending on the dose and frequency of administration. In contrast to liver where both doses caused significant BuChE inhibition, the lower DM dose did not inhibit BuChE activity in adipose tissue, and the inhibition achieved by the higher dose was not as strong as in liver. This result corroborates an earlier hypothesis that BuChE is a...
Arhiv za higijenu rada i …, 1999
Ochratoxi ns are the mycotoxins produced by storage moulds of Aspergillus and Penicillium strains... more Ochratoxi ns are the mycotoxins produced by storage moulds of Aspergillus and Penicillium strains which contaminate cereals, meat, and various other commodities (1). The most important ochratoxin is the nephrotoxic ochratoxin A (OTA), present in cereals, meat, coffee, wine, and beer. It is supposed to play a role in the etiology of endemic nephropathy (2, 3). Its presence was first detected in the blood of inhabitants from an endemic region of Croatia (4). Consequently, it had systematically been measured in the blood of inhabitants in endemic villages for several years (5, 6). As a matter of fact, OTA was found in the plasma of inhabitants from endemic and from control villages, but the concentration of OTA was higher in endemic villages (5-7).
PubMed, 1991
Over the last 16 years, 214 autopsies were done at the Department of Pathology and Forensic Medic... more Over the last 16 years, 214 autopsies were done at the Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Slavonski Brod Medical Centre, on people from an area recognized as endemic for Balkan nephropathy in the county. Balkan endemic nephropathy was diagnosed pathoanatomically and histopathologically in 94 of these cases, and in none of 1040 autopsies on people from a nonendemic area. The most striking pathological finding in all advanced cases of the disease was a marked reduction in kidney size and weight; in one extreme case, the organ weighed only 20 g. The process is invariably bilateral, but there are considerable differences in the degree of involvement in each pair. Although the pathoanatomical changes, including lung oedema and haemorrhage and fibrinous pericarditis, are seen in the majority of cases, they are not considered to be specific for Balkan endemic nephropathy, since they are well recognized signs of long-standing primary uraemia. The relevance of the peculiar finding of sulfurous yellow discoloration and hardened subcutaneous adipose tissue, seen frequently post mortem, is unknown and should be investigated in more detail. Histopathologically, fibrosis and atrophy of kidney cortex, with tubular degeneration, are the most consistent findings. Lesions characteristic of pyelonephritis were superimposed over the picture of 'pure' Balkan endemic nephropathy in a considerable number of cases.
PubMed, 1991
Normochromic, normocytic anaemia is a sign recognized as essential for the diagnosis of Balkan en... more Normochromic, normocytic anaemia is a sign recognized as essential for the diagnosis of Balkan endemic nephropathy, although its relationship to the disease is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a random sample of the population of a village endemic for nephropathy differed from the population of a village with no clinical case of nephropathy with respect to certain basic haematological parameters. During a screening campaign in 1984, 133 blood samples were collected from the endemic village and 40 from the nonendemic village and analysed for a number of haematological parameters; in 1991, 449 samples were collected in the endemic village and 156 in the nonendemic village and analysed for haemoglobin content and red blood cell count. Whereas in 1984 the haemoglobin content and red blood cell count were significantly lower in the endemic village (p less than 0.01), in 1991 the erythrocyte count was much lower in the nonendemic village and there was no difference in haemoglobin concentration. Several controversial explanations, all of them speculative, are offered.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1989
Five strains of Aspergillus fumigatus (A, B, D, H, and K) isolated from sawmills were used to exp... more Five strains of Aspergillus fumigatus (A, B, D, H, and K) isolated from sawmills were used to expose groups of three rats by intratracheal intubation. The dose was 10(9) spores per rat. At 48 h after administration, two rats from the D group and all rats from the K group died with symptoms of strong dyspnea and tachypnea. At 72 h postadministration and after, some animals showed mild to moderate dyspnea and tachypnea. Autopsies of all animals were performed, including a histopathological examination of the lungs. At 72 h after administration, two distinct morphological groups were identified histopathologically. Severe necrotizing pneumonia characterized by the presence of abundant fungal hyphae was seen in animals that died spontaneously within 48 h postadministration and rats with bronchopneumonia and was characterized by the presence of numerous fungal spores. There was an obvious difference in pathogenicity among the strains of A. fumigatus. Strains D and K were more pathogenic,...
EUROTOX 2001., 2001
... Bibliographic record number: 72613. Journal. Authors: Domijan, Ana-Marija; Miletić-Medved, Ma... more ... Bibliographic record number: 72613. Journal. Authors: Domijan, Ana-Marija; Miletić-Medved, Marica; Peraica, Maja; Fuchs, Radovan; Lucić, Ana; Radić, Boica. Title: A HPLC determination of ochratoxin A in human urine from region with endemic nephropathy. ...
Nephrotoxic mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA), probably involved in the etiology of endemic nephropath... more Nephrotoxic mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA), probably involved in the etiology of endemic nephropathy (EN), increases lipid peroxidation and produces oxygen reactive metabolites which may cause apoptosis. In our work, adult female Wistar rats were treated i.p. with multiple doses of OTA (500 mg OTA/kg b.w./day/3 times a week for up to 4 weeks). Animals were sacrificed 24 h after 1, 3, 6 and 12 treatments, as well as 1 and 3 weeks after the 12th treatment, respectively. The number of apoptotic cells was counted in a section of the rat whole kidney, 4 mm thick, paraffin embedded. The number of apoptotic cells increased progressively from the 1st up to the 6th treatment. Necrosis was not seen. Apoptotic cells were not seen in controls. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (AP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), leucine amino-peptidase (LAP) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) were measured in urine collected for a 24 h period after 1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th treatments and 3 weeks after the last treatment, respectively, and in control animals. In OTA treated rats, the enzyme excretion rate of AP and LDH increased progressively up to the 3rd treatment, while LAP and ICDH increased up to the 9th treatment.
Toxicology Letters, 2001
... Bibliographic record number: 72613. Journal. Authors: Domijan, Ana-Marija; Miletić-Medved, Ma... more ... Bibliographic record number: 72613. Journal. Authors: Domijan, Ana-Marija; Miletić-Medved, Marica; Peraica, Maja; Fuchs, Radovan; Lucić, Ana; Radić, Boica. Title: A HPLC determination of ochratoxin A in human urine from region with endemic nephropathy. ...
Collegium Antropologicum, Nov 7, 2006
Abstract: Mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) is produced by Penicillium and Aspergillus spp. that frequ... more Abstract: Mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) is produced by Penicillium and Aspergillus spp. that frequently contaminate cereals and other commodities not only in tropical countries but also in countries with mild climate. OTA has hepatotoxic, genotoxic and carcinogenic effect in ...
PubMed, Dec 1, 1992
Basic field studies related to the animal population were performed in the region of Slavonski Br... more Basic field studies related to the animal population were performed in the region of Slavonski Brod, Republic of Croatia, where Balkan endemic nephropathy is an endemic disease. Pathological changes in several animal species from the locality were examined. The pig population in the area is numerous. Morphologically and physiologically pigs make an excellent animal model for studies of human diseases. Their use in studies should be encouraged, especially because there is a possibility that pigs and humans suffer from the same type of intoxication with a specific xenobiotic of natural origin. According to the mycotoxin theory about the aetiology of Balkan endemic nephropathy, pork meat might be one of the possible hazards for humans. Experiments on laboratory animals provide an excellent possibility to monitor several aspects of pathogenesis and all stages of pathomorphological changes which might then be correlated with Balkan endemic nephropathy. However, the experimental species should be critically chosen because some spontaneous, species-specific lesions of the kidneys are easily mistaken for changes induced experimentally.
Periodicum Biologorum, 2004
Sažetak: Mycotoxin ochratoxine A (OTA) is a wellknown nephrotoxic compound. The aim of the study ... more Sažetak: Mycotoxin ochratoxine A (OTA) is a wellknown nephrotoxic compound. The aim of the study was to check the time-cours of representative kidney brush-border and cytosolic enzymes released in urine and concentration of malondyaldehide (MDA) in urine during ...
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by several Aspergillus and Penicillium species. It is ... more Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by several Aspergillus and Penicillium species. It is known as a worldwide common food contaminant. This toxin has received considerable attention because of its deleterious effects on human and animal health. It has immunotoxic, hepatotoxic, teratogenic, neurotoxic and carcinogenic properties in different experimental animals, with the kidney being its main target organ. The role of OTA as a possible causative agent involved in the etiology of human Endemic nephropathy has still not been ruled out. To study adverse effects of OTA on cellular level, three renal cell lines (CV-1, Hek293, LLC-PK1) were cultivated and exposed to the different OTA concentrations, ranging from 0.1 to 50 μ M, respectively. Metabolic activity was measured by using thiazolyl-tetrazolium bromide mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity test (MTT) over 72 hours. Remaining cell viability after treatment with 20 μ M OTA amounted to 18.2 % for CV-1 and 64.9 % for LLC-PK1. The same OTA concentration induced cell death of almost 43 % Hek293 cell population. Induction of apoptotic and necrotic cell death was measured by anexin V cell labeling and flow cytometry analysis after being exposed to treatment in the same OTA concentration range over 24 hours. Results suggest to apoptosis and necrosis induction in OTA dose dependent manner. Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by several Aspergillus and Penicillium species. It is known as a worldwide common food contaminant. This toxin has received considerable attention because of its deleterious effects on human and animal health. It has immunotoxic, hepatotoxic, teratogenic, neurotoxic and carcinogenic properties in different experimental animals, with the kidney being its main target organ. The role of OTA as a possible causative agent involved in the etiology of human Endemic nephropathy has still not been ruled out. To study adverse effects of OTA on cellular level, three renal cell lines (CV-1, Hek293, LLC-PK1) were cultivated and exposed to the different OTA concentrations, ranging from 0.1 to 50 μ M, respectively. Metabolic activity was measured by using thiazolyl-tetrazolium bromide mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity test (MTT) over 72 hours. Remaining cell viability after treatment with 20 μ M OTA amounted to 18.2 % for CV-1 and 64.9 % for LLC-PK1. The same OTA concentration induced cell death of almost 43 % Hek293 cell population. Induction of apoptotic and necrotic cell death was measured by anexin V cell labeling and flow cytometry analysis after being exposed to treatment in the same OTA concentration range over 24 hours. Results suggest to apoptosis and necrosis induction in OTA dose dependent manner.
U Zborniku radova seminara DDD i ZUPP iz 2004. godine detaljnije smo predstavili Direktivu o bioc... more U Zborniku radova seminara DDD i ZUPP iz 2004. godine detaljnije smo predstavili Direktivu o biocidnim pripravcima (98/8/EC) kojom se u Europskoj Uniji uređuje proces registracije i stavljanja u promet biocidnih pripravaka. Za aktivne tvari u biocidnim pripravcima koje su vec bile na tržistu prije stupanja na snagu Direktive o biocidima (14. 5. 2000.) predviđeno je da se na nivou EU provede proces procjene sigurnosti/djelotvornosti prije nego se uvrste na popise dozvoljenih aktivnih tvari, poznate kao Annex I, IA i IB. Nakon dovrsene prve faze programa revizije, 2003. je u drugoj Uredbi o reviziji objavljen popis aktivnih tvari koje su obuhvacene procesom identifikacije i notifikacijete kao takove ostaju na tržistu u desetogodisnjem periodu revizije, kao i popis aktivnih tvari koje se u određenim rokovima povlace s tržista EU. Europska komisija također je objavila i Prvi zajednicki izvjestaj o provođenju odredbi direktive u 15 zemalja clanica za razdoblje od 2000.d0 2003. Hrvatska, kao zemlja kandidat za clanstvo u Uniji, u prijelaznom periodudo potpunog prihvacanja zakonodavstva EU, može kao najjednostavnije rjesenje zadržati postojeci sustavstavljanja biocida u promet, odnosno zadržati Zakon o otrovima. Ujedno je potrebno da se, cim se donese novi hrvatski Zakon o biocidima (i zakon o opasnim tvarima) pocnu postupno primjenjivati i neke njegove odredbe, uz istovremenu prilagodbu i razvoj sustava koji ce omoguciti njihovo potpuno provođenje.
The paper describes the effect of glucocorticoide dexamethasone (DM) given intraperitoneally on t... more The paper describes the effect of glucocorticoide dexamethasone (DM) given intraperitoneally on the catalytic activity of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) measured in plasma, liver and white adipose tissue of rats of both sexes. Effects of DM on the concentration of plasma lipids and lipoproteins were also tested. Rats were given multiple (2 and 4) pharmacological doses (0.4 and 3.0 mg kg-1 body mass) of DM. All animals were sacrificed 48 h after the last dose. Administration of DM significantly decreased the catalytic activity of BuChE in plasma and liver of all treated groups regardless of sex. BuChE catalytic activity in white adipose tissue differed depending on the dose and frequency of administration. In contrast to liver where both doses caused significant BuChE inhibition, the lower DM dose did not inhibit BuChE activity in adipose tissue, and the inhibition achieved by the higher dose was not as strong as in liver. This result corroborates an earlier hypothesis that BuChE is a...
Arhiv za higijenu rada i …, 1999
Ochratoxi ns are the mycotoxins produced by storage moulds of Aspergillus and Penicillium strains... more Ochratoxi ns are the mycotoxins produced by storage moulds of Aspergillus and Penicillium strains which contaminate cereals, meat, and various other commodities (1). The most important ochratoxin is the nephrotoxic ochratoxin A (OTA), present in cereals, meat, coffee, wine, and beer. It is supposed to play a role in the etiology of endemic nephropathy (2, 3). Its presence was first detected in the blood of inhabitants from an endemic region of Croatia (4). Consequently, it had systematically been measured in the blood of inhabitants in endemic villages for several years (5, 6). As a matter of fact, OTA was found in the plasma of inhabitants from endemic and from control villages, but the concentration of OTA was higher in endemic villages (5-7).
PubMed, 1991
Over the last 16 years, 214 autopsies were done at the Department of Pathology and Forensic Medic... more Over the last 16 years, 214 autopsies were done at the Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Slavonski Brod Medical Centre, on people from an area recognized as endemic for Balkan nephropathy in the county. Balkan endemic nephropathy was diagnosed pathoanatomically and histopathologically in 94 of these cases, and in none of 1040 autopsies on people from a nonendemic area. The most striking pathological finding in all advanced cases of the disease was a marked reduction in kidney size and weight; in one extreme case, the organ weighed only 20 g. The process is invariably bilateral, but there are considerable differences in the degree of involvement in each pair. Although the pathoanatomical changes, including lung oedema and haemorrhage and fibrinous pericarditis, are seen in the majority of cases, they are not considered to be specific for Balkan endemic nephropathy, since they are well recognized signs of long-standing primary uraemia. The relevance of the peculiar finding of sulfurous yellow discoloration and hardened subcutaneous adipose tissue, seen frequently post mortem, is unknown and should be investigated in more detail. Histopathologically, fibrosis and atrophy of kidney cortex, with tubular degeneration, are the most consistent findings. Lesions characteristic of pyelonephritis were superimposed over the picture of 'pure' Balkan endemic nephropathy in a considerable number of cases.
PubMed, 1991
Normochromic, normocytic anaemia is a sign recognized as essential for the diagnosis of Balkan en... more Normochromic, normocytic anaemia is a sign recognized as essential for the diagnosis of Balkan endemic nephropathy, although its relationship to the disease is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a random sample of the population of a village endemic for nephropathy differed from the population of a village with no clinical case of nephropathy with respect to certain basic haematological parameters. During a screening campaign in 1984, 133 blood samples were collected from the endemic village and 40 from the nonendemic village and analysed for a number of haematological parameters; in 1991, 449 samples were collected in the endemic village and 156 in the nonendemic village and analysed for haemoglobin content and red blood cell count. Whereas in 1984 the haemoglobin content and red blood cell count were significantly lower in the endemic village (p less than 0.01), in 1991 the erythrocyte count was much lower in the nonendemic village and there was no difference in haemoglobin concentration. Several controversial explanations, all of them speculative, are offered.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1989
Five strains of Aspergillus fumigatus (A, B, D, H, and K) isolated from sawmills were used to exp... more Five strains of Aspergillus fumigatus (A, B, D, H, and K) isolated from sawmills were used to expose groups of three rats by intratracheal intubation. The dose was 10(9) spores per rat. At 48 h after administration, two rats from the D group and all rats from the K group died with symptoms of strong dyspnea and tachypnea. At 72 h postadministration and after, some animals showed mild to moderate dyspnea and tachypnea. Autopsies of all animals were performed, including a histopathological examination of the lungs. At 72 h after administration, two distinct morphological groups were identified histopathologically. Severe necrotizing pneumonia characterized by the presence of abundant fungal hyphae was seen in animals that died spontaneously within 48 h postadministration and rats with bronchopneumonia and was characterized by the presence of numerous fungal spores. There was an obvious difference in pathogenicity among the strains of A. fumigatus. Strains D and K were more pathogenic,...
EUROTOX 2001., 2001
... Bibliographic record number: 72613. Journal. Authors: Domijan, Ana-Marija; Miletić-Medved, Ma... more ... Bibliographic record number: 72613. Journal. Authors: Domijan, Ana-Marija; Miletić-Medved, Marica; Peraica, Maja; Fuchs, Radovan; Lucić, Ana; Radić, Boica. Title: A HPLC determination of ochratoxin A in human urine from region with endemic nephropathy. ...
Nephrotoxic mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA), probably involved in the etiology of endemic nephropath... more Nephrotoxic mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA), probably involved in the etiology of endemic nephropathy (EN), increases lipid peroxidation and produces oxygen reactive metabolites which may cause apoptosis. In our work, adult female Wistar rats were treated i.p. with multiple doses of OTA (500 mg OTA/kg b.w./day/3 times a week for up to 4 weeks). Animals were sacrificed 24 h after 1, 3, 6 and 12 treatments, as well as 1 and 3 weeks after the 12th treatment, respectively. The number of apoptotic cells was counted in a section of the rat whole kidney, 4 mm thick, paraffin embedded. The number of apoptotic cells increased progressively from the 1st up to the 6th treatment. Necrosis was not seen. Apoptotic cells were not seen in controls. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (AP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), leucine amino-peptidase (LAP) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) were measured in urine collected for a 24 h period after 1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th treatments and 3 weeks after the last treatment, respectively, and in control animals. In OTA treated rats, the enzyme excretion rate of AP and LDH increased progressively up to the 3rd treatment, while LAP and ICDH increased up to the 9th treatment.
Toxicology Letters, 2001
... Bibliographic record number: 72613. Journal. Authors: Domijan, Ana-Marija; Miletić-Medved, Ma... more ... Bibliographic record number: 72613. Journal. Authors: Domijan, Ana-Marija; Miletić-Medved, Marica; Peraica, Maja; Fuchs, Radovan; Lucić, Ana; Radić, Boica. Title: A HPLC determination of ochratoxin A in human urine from region with endemic nephropathy. ...
Collegium Antropologicum, Nov 7, 2006
Abstract: Mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) is produced by Penicillium and Aspergillus spp. that frequ... more Abstract: Mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) is produced by Penicillium and Aspergillus spp. that frequently contaminate cereals and other commodities not only in tropical countries but also in countries with mild climate. OTA has hepatotoxic, genotoxic and carcinogenic effect in ...
PubMed, Dec 1, 1992
Basic field studies related to the animal population were performed in the region of Slavonski Br... more Basic field studies related to the animal population were performed in the region of Slavonski Brod, Republic of Croatia, where Balkan endemic nephropathy is an endemic disease. Pathological changes in several animal species from the locality were examined. The pig population in the area is numerous. Morphologically and physiologically pigs make an excellent animal model for studies of human diseases. Their use in studies should be encouraged, especially because there is a possibility that pigs and humans suffer from the same type of intoxication with a specific xenobiotic of natural origin. According to the mycotoxin theory about the aetiology of Balkan endemic nephropathy, pork meat might be one of the possible hazards for humans. Experiments on laboratory animals provide an excellent possibility to monitor several aspects of pathogenesis and all stages of pathomorphological changes which might then be correlated with Balkan endemic nephropathy. However, the experimental species should be critically chosen because some spontaneous, species-specific lesions of the kidneys are easily mistaken for changes induced experimentally.
Periodicum Biologorum, 2004
Sažetak: Mycotoxin ochratoxine A (OTA) is a wellknown nephrotoxic compound. The aim of the study ... more Sažetak: Mycotoxin ochratoxine A (OTA) is a wellknown nephrotoxic compound. The aim of the study was to check the time-cours of representative kidney brush-border and cytosolic enzymes released in urine and concentration of malondyaldehide (MDA) in urine during ...
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by several Aspergillus and Penicillium species. It is ... more Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by several Aspergillus and Penicillium species. It is known as a worldwide common food contaminant. This toxin has received considerable attention because of its deleterious effects on human and animal health. It has immunotoxic, hepatotoxic, teratogenic, neurotoxic and carcinogenic properties in different experimental animals, with the kidney being its main target organ. The role of OTA as a possible causative agent involved in the etiology of human Endemic nephropathy has still not been ruled out. To study adverse effects of OTA on cellular level, three renal cell lines (CV-1, Hek293, LLC-PK1) were cultivated and exposed to the different OTA concentrations, ranging from 0.1 to 50 μ M, respectively. Metabolic activity was measured by using thiazolyl-tetrazolium bromide mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity test (MTT) over 72 hours. Remaining cell viability after treatment with 20 μ M OTA amounted to 18.2 % for CV-1 and 64.9 % for LLC-PK1. The same OTA concentration induced cell death of almost 43 % Hek293 cell population. Induction of apoptotic and necrotic cell death was measured by anexin V cell labeling and flow cytometry analysis after being exposed to treatment in the same OTA concentration range over 24 hours. Results suggest to apoptosis and necrosis induction in OTA dose dependent manner. Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by several Aspergillus and Penicillium species. It is known as a worldwide common food contaminant. This toxin has received considerable attention because of its deleterious effects on human and animal health. It has immunotoxic, hepatotoxic, teratogenic, neurotoxic and carcinogenic properties in different experimental animals, with the kidney being its main target organ. The role of OTA as a possible causative agent involved in the etiology of human Endemic nephropathy has still not been ruled out. To study adverse effects of OTA on cellular level, three renal cell lines (CV-1, Hek293, LLC-PK1) were cultivated and exposed to the different OTA concentrations, ranging from 0.1 to 50 μ M, respectively. Metabolic activity was measured by using thiazolyl-tetrazolium bromide mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity test (MTT) over 72 hours. Remaining cell viability after treatment with 20 μ M OTA amounted to 18.2 % for CV-1 and 64.9 % for LLC-PK1. The same OTA concentration induced cell death of almost 43 % Hek293 cell population. Induction of apoptotic and necrotic cell death was measured by anexin V cell labeling and flow cytometry analysis after being exposed to treatment in the same OTA concentration range over 24 hours. Results suggest to apoptosis and necrosis induction in OTA dose dependent manner.
U Zborniku radova seminara DDD i ZUPP iz 2004. godine detaljnije smo predstavili Direktivu o bioc... more U Zborniku radova seminara DDD i ZUPP iz 2004. godine detaljnije smo predstavili Direktivu o biocidnim pripravcima (98/8/EC) kojom se u Europskoj Uniji uređuje proces registracije i stavljanja u promet biocidnih pripravaka. Za aktivne tvari u biocidnim pripravcima koje su vec bile na tržistu prije stupanja na snagu Direktive o biocidima (14. 5. 2000.) predviđeno je da se na nivou EU provede proces procjene sigurnosti/djelotvornosti prije nego se uvrste na popise dozvoljenih aktivnih tvari, poznate kao Annex I, IA i IB. Nakon dovrsene prve faze programa revizije, 2003. je u drugoj Uredbi o reviziji objavljen popis aktivnih tvari koje su obuhvacene procesom identifikacije i notifikacijete kao takove ostaju na tržistu u desetogodisnjem periodu revizije, kao i popis aktivnih tvari koje se u određenim rokovima povlace s tržista EU. Europska komisija također je objavila i Prvi zajednicki izvjestaj o provođenju odredbi direktive u 15 zemalja clanica za razdoblje od 2000.d0 2003. Hrvatska, kao zemlja kandidat za clanstvo u Uniji, u prijelaznom periodudo potpunog prihvacanja zakonodavstva EU, može kao najjednostavnije rjesenje zadržati postojeci sustavstavljanja biocida u promet, odnosno zadržati Zakon o otrovima. Ujedno je potrebno da se, cim se donese novi hrvatski Zakon o biocidima (i zakon o opasnim tvarima) pocnu postupno primjenjivati i neke njegove odredbe, uz istovremenu prilagodbu i razvoj sustava koji ce omoguciti njihovo potpuno provođenje.