Reza Nosratabadi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Reza Nosratabadi

Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology

Asthma is a chronic disorder characterized by airway overreaction and remodeling, eosinophilia, a... more Asthma is a chronic disorder characterized by airway overreaction and remodeling, eosinophilia, and neutrophilic inflammation, accompanied by thickening of the airways and breathlessness. Teucrium polium (TP) is a plant with anti-inflammatory properties and is considered for the treatment of allergic disorders. In this study, we examined the effects of TP extract on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. Thirty female mice (5–6 weeks old) were divided into 5 groups of 6 each, including a control group and 4 groups treated with OVA, OVA + TP extract (50 mg/kg), OVA + TP extract (150 mg/kg), OVA + TP extract (300 mg/kg). Twenty-four hours after the last treatment, lung, serum, and spleen samples were collected and used for the evaluation of leukocyte infiltration, serum cytokine Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels, and the expression of the Interleukin-12A (IL12A) gene, respectively. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to evaluate pathological changes in the lung tissue sections. Treatment with ...

Apoptosis is a tightly regulated process and plays a crucial role in autoimmune diseases. Because... more Apoptosis is a tightly regulated process and plays a crucial role in autoimmune diseases. Because abnormalities in apoptosis are considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), in present study we studied the apoptosis in T lymphocytes from Iranian SLE patients at protein and gene expression levels for some molecules which are involved in apoptosis pathways. Materials and Methods: Thirty five SLE patients (23 female, 12 male), and 20 age matched controls (10 female, 10 male) participated in this study. T lymphocytes were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using MACS method. Apoptosis rate was studied at protein level by flow cytometer using Annexin V, and at gene expression level using semi-quantitative RT-PCR method for detection of Fas, FasL, Bcl-2, caspase 8, and caspase 9 genes. Results: The percentage of apoptotic cells in SLE patients was not different in comparison with controls (20.2% ± 1.4 vs 21.1% ± 1.0), but the expression levels of FasL, caspase 8, and caspase 9 genes in all SLE patients and in female patients were significantly lower than controls; 0.45R vs 0.78R for FasL, 0.74R vs 1.0R for caspase 8, and 0.76R vs 1.26R for caspase 9 in all SLE patients and 0.37R vs 0.82R for FasL, 0.45R vs 1.6R for caspase 8, and 0.63R vs 1.56R for caspase 9 in female patients. Conclusion: The expression levels of FasL, caspase 8 and caspase 9 molecules involved in apoptosis decreased in female, but not in male SLE patients.

Clinical Laboratory, 2023

PubMed, Oct 4, 2022

Objective: Hypericum perforatum is a herbal medicine used in traditional medicine for the treatme... more Objective: Hypericum perforatum is a herbal medicine used in traditional medicine for the treatment of depression due to its antidepressant and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of H. perforatum extract (HPE) in combination with gold nanoparticles (HPE-GNP) against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Materials and methods: EAE was induced in C57BL/6 mice with subcutaneous injection of MOG35-55 emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant, and intraperitoneal pertussis toxin. Mice were treated with drugs in free (HPE) and nano-form (HPE-GNP) preparations. Splenocytes were isolated from all mice and the level of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by ELISA. The expression of T cells' transcription factors was also assessed using Real-Time PCR. Results: Clinical score was reduced after HPE-GNP treatment. This change was associated with a decrease in the incidence and infiltration of inflammatory cells into the central nervous system. Additionally, treatment with HPE-GNP decreased the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17A and IL-6) and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF-β, IL-10 and IL-4). The real-time analysis revealed a decrease in the level of T-bet and ROR-γt but an increase in FoxP3 and GATA3 expression. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated that HPE-GNP could potentially reduce clinical and pathological complications of EAE, but laboratory data showed that HPE-GNP was significantly more effective than HPE in the treatment of EAE.

The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam, Apr 10, 2018

International Journal of Immunogenetics, Aug 19, 2010

Background: The impact of several environmental and genetic factors on diabetes and its complicat... more Background: The impact of several environmental and genetic factors on diabetes and its complications is well documented but there is an urgent need to understand more about genetic risk factors associated with this disease. The present study was aimed at examining the two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in intron 8 and exon 9 of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene in nephropathic and non-nephropathic type-2 diabetic patients. Material and methods: In this clinical study, peripheral blood samples were obtained from 100 type-2 diabetic patients, 100 nephropathic type-2 diabetic patients and 100 healthy controls. DNA was extracted and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed to examine two SNP polymorphisms within the VDR gene. Results: Our results showed a significant difference in the Taq-1 evaluated genotypes of exon 9 within the VDR gene of diabetic individuals with (p=0.012) and without (p<0.001) nephropathy. Analysis of the Taq-1 evaluated alleles of nephropathic (p=0.917) and nonenephropathic (p=1.000) did not show a significant difference. We also evaluated the intron 8 Apa-1 alleles in patients with (p=0.480) and without nephropathy (p=0.543) and determined there were no differences between these groups. Our results also showed that the frequency of Apa-1 genotypes did not differ in nephropathic (p=0.224) and nonenephropathic (p=0.236) diabetic patients. Conclusion: Based on our results, it can be concluded that VDR and its functional polymorphism in exon 9 may play an important role in pathogenesis of type-2 diabetes and more investigations are required to clarify their role in nephropathy.

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2014

Six major hepatitis C virus genotypes have been characterised, which vary in their geographical d... more Six major hepatitis C virus genotypes have been characterised, which vary in their geographical distribution. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in an area is not constant, and depends on the changes in route of infection, which may change over time. In this study, the distribution of HCV genotypes in Mashhad, the capital of Razavi Khorasan province in north-east of Iran was investigated. Mashhad is a holy city of Shiate Moslems, which attracts more than 20 million tourists and pilgrims every year. Two hundred and seventy-eight HCV infected subjects (227 males and 51 females) were included in this study. HCV genotypes were analysed by type specific reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Genotype 3a was detected in 49.6%, 1a in 36.3%, 1b in 12.6% and 2a in 0.4%. Two HCV genotypes were detected in 1.1% cases; 1a +3a in 1%, 3a + 1b in 0.4%. Genotypes 2b and 3b were not detected in any samples. We demonstrated that despite the previous reports on the frequency of HCV genotypes in Iran, 3a is the predominant genotype in Mashhad.

Inflammation, Sep 15, 2021

At the end of December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic began in Wuhan of China. COVID-19 affects diff... more At the end of December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic began in Wuhan of China. COVID-19 affects different people with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic with recovery without hospitalization up to a severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The innate and adaptive immunity appears responsible for the defense against the virus and recovery from the disease. The innate immune system, as the first line of defense, is essential for the detection of virus and subsequent activation of acquired immunity. The innate immune response is carried out by sentinel cells such as monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells and by receptors known as pattern recognition receptors (PRR). These receptors can recognize various components of the virus, which lead to intracellular signaling and subsequently the synthesis of various cytokines. These cytokines then recruit other immune cells, activate adaptive immune responses, and inhibit viral spreading. The most common receptors include Toll-like receptors, C-type lectin receptors, and RIG-I like receptors. This review describes the current knowledge about the interplay between innate immune responses and SARS-CoV-2 with a focus on the innate immune cells and the role of their receptors in viral RNA recognition, as well as their mechanisms for recognizing SARS-CoV-2.

Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2022

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 2022

Introduction: It has been reported that inflammation may be a potential risk factor for the progr... more Introduction: It has been reported that inflammation may be a potential risk factor for the progression of epistaxis. Due to the major roles played by Th17 in the induction of inflammation, the present study aimed to assess the serum levels of Interleukin 17A (IL-17A) and IL-23, as the most important cytokines in the Th17 pathway, as well as IFN-, IL-4, and IL-10 serum levels, as regulatory cytokines for Th17 cells in patients with idiopathic epistaxis. Materials and Methods: The serum levels of IL-4, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-23, and IFN- were evaluated in 90 patients with idiopathic epistaxis and 90 healthy controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Results: The obtained results pointed out that the serum levels of IL-17A and IL-10, but not IL-4 and IL-23, were significantly up-regulated, and IFN- serum levels were significantly down-regulated in patients with idiopathic epistaxis. Furthermore, female patients with epistaxis had higher IL-10 serum levels. Conclusi...

1Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, ... more 1Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran 2Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran 3Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 4Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 5Department of Immunology, Immunology of Infectious Disease Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran 6Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 7Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 8Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan Un...

Immunological Investigations, 2020

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 2019

Background: The majority of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) suffer from central neuropathic... more Background: The majority of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) suffer from central neuropathic pain (CNP). Using experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, only a few experiments were performed to assess pain behaviors in MS. To address this issue, complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was replaced with an acylated triterpene glycoside saponin adjuvant named quillaja saponin-21 (QS-21) to develop CNP in the EAE mouse model. The deacylated form of QS-21, named QT-0101, has been suggested to have an immunomodulatory effect. Thus, QT-0101 was used as a vaccine adjuvant to modulate the immune system against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35-55) antigen. Methods: In this study, C57BL/6 mice, except for mice in the negative control (PBS) and MOG groups, were divided into three groups and immunized by MOG35-55 emulsified with CFA, QS-21, or QT-0101 adjuvants, respectively. Thermal hyperalgesia, as a CNP clinical manifestation, through the Hot Plate test and the clinical signs, was assessed for 60 days after immunization. On days 21 and 60, mice were sacrificed and the frequency of TCD4 + , TCD8 + , IL-17 + , IL-4 + , and CD25 + /FoxP3 + cells population in the total splenocytes population was assessed by flow cytometry. Infiltration of Leukocytes into the brain and demyelination of white matter were also evaluated by histopathologic studies. Results: Our results revealed that unlike the MOG+QT-0101 group, the MOG+QS-21 and MOG+CFA groups represented clinical symptoms that mimic the mild relapsing-remitting and monophasic models, respectively. Thermal hyperalgesia, as a CNP clinical manifestation, developed in the bilateral hind paws in the MOG+CFA and MOG+QS-21 mice groups during the onset of neurologic deficits, but it is maintained until completion of the study only in MOG+QS-21 mice group. The frequency of TCD4 + , TCD8 + and IL-17 + cells population in the MOG+QS-21 and MOG+CFA mice groups, as well as IL-4 + and CD25 + /Foxp3 + cells population in the MOG+QT-0101 mice group, significantly increased in comparison with the PBS mice group. Infiltration of inflammatory cells increased significantly in the MOG+QS-21 and MOG+CFA mice groups compared with the PBS mice group. Demyelination of white matter was identified significantly only in the MOG+CFA mice group compared with the PBS mice group. Conclusion: These results showed that QS-21 is a suitable adjuvant for the establishment of a mild relapsingremitting EAE model for CNP development and open a new avenue to future pre-clinical and clinical research studies related to CNP treatment. Nevertheless, QT-0101 seems to have the potential to act as a vaccine adjuvant with immunomodulatory property against auto-antigens.

Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2017

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease with no definite treatment and more research is needed t... more Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease with no definite treatment and more research is needed to overcome this condition. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the extract of Zataria multiflora (Z. multiflora) as a medicinal plant on cytokine genes expression in an experimental mouse model of asthma. Adult mice were randomly divided into the following groups: control (C), untreated asthma (A), asthmatic groups treated with dexamethasone (D) and Z. multiflora extract (200, 400, and 800 µg/mL; Z1, Z2, and Z3, respectively), (for groups C, A, and D n = 5 and for groups Z1, Z2, and Z3 n = 6). For induction of the mouse model of asthma, animals were sensitized with intraperitoneal injection and inhalation of ovalbumin (OVA). The number of T helper (Th) subtype cells (using flow cytometry) and the levels of IFN-γ, FOXP3, IL-4, TGF-β, IL-17 gene expression (by real time PCR) were assessed in mice splenocytes. The observed changes in spleen cells of group A compared to group C were increased number of Th 2 and Th 17 cells, enhancement of gene expression of IL-4, IL-17, and TGF-β (p < 0.001 for all cases), reduction of Th 1 cells and Th 1 /Th 2 ratio (p < 0.001 for both cases) and decrease in gene expression of IFN-γ, FOXP 3 and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio (p < 0.01 for IFN-γ and p < 0.001 for other cases). The observed changes in spleen cells of treated compared to untreated A group were enhancement of Treg cells and Th 1 /Th 2 ratio (p < 0.001 for both cases), increase in IFN-γ (p < 0.05) and FOXP 3 (p < 0.001) gene expression and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio (p < 0.01) as well as reduction of Th 2 and Th 17 cells (p < 0.01 to p < 0.001), decrease gene expression of IL-4, IL-17, and TGF-β (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). The findings showed that the extract of Z. multiflora decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines in asthma (IL-4 and IL-17 and TGF-β) but increased anti-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ) gene expression and the number of Treg (FOXP3) in splenocytes of asthmatic mice which may indicate the specific therapeutic effect of the plant extract in allergy, autoimmunity, and infectious diseases via potentiating Th 1 and suppressing Th2 and Th 17 cells.

Cytokine, 2016

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an obligate intracellular protozoan causing several forms of tox... more Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an obligate intracellular protozoan causing several forms of toxoplasmosis in humans. The main mechanisms that allow the development of the prolonged forms of the disease and its subsequent pathology are yet to be clarified. However, many researchers have hypothesized that immunological and genetic parameters may play crucial roles in the etiology of the disease. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b) is a cytokine with a dual role in the regulation of immune responses including those against parasites. However, the relationship between TGF-b and immune responses against T .gondii are not fully understood. The important roles played by TGF-b in the development of Th17 and T regulatory lymphocytes, mucosal immunity and regulation of immune responses have been documented and this provides insights into TGF-b function during parasitic infections such as toxoplasmosis. Therefore, the aim of this review is to collate the current information regarding the status and association of TGF-b with T. gondii infection.

IRANIAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 2009

Methods: During one year, blood samples were collected from 3837 volunteer blood donors. Then the... more Methods: During one year, blood samples were collected from 3837 volunteer blood donors. Then the serum samples were tested for IgA titer by nephlometry and SRID techniques. Results: According to our results only, one donor (0.026%) was found to have IgA less than 5mg/dl and 34 (0.9%) cases had IgA: 5-30 mg/dl while 3798 (99%) had IgA more than 30mg/dl. Conclusions: With regards to very low prevalence of IgA deficiency in blood donors in Southeast part of Iran, it seems that anaphylactic reactions most likely be due to other ...

Journal of immunotoxicology, May 3, 2015

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disorder mainly characterized by inflammation... more Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disorder mainly characterized by inflammation, demyelination and axonal injury. Anti-inflammatory agents can be used to ameliorate the disease process. Hypericum perforatum L or St. John's wort is widely used as an anti-depressant and anti-inflammatory remedy in traditional and herbal medicine. Based on St. John's wort properties, the therapeutic potentials of an H. perforatum extract (HPE) and a single component, hyperforin were evaluated for effectiveness against MOG35-55-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for human multiple sclerosis. Female C57BL/6 mice were immunized with specific antigen MOG35-55 and then administered different doses of hyperforin or HPE post-immunization. Clinical symptoms/other relevant parameters were assessed daily. Histological analysis of the spinal cord was performed. T-cell proliferative activity was also evaluated using a BrdU assay. The effect of hyperfo...

Objective(s): Apoptosis is a tightly regulated process and plays a crucial role in autoimmune dis... more Objective(s): Apoptosis is a tightly regulated process and plays a crucial role in autoimmune diseases. Because abnormalities in apoptosis are considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), in present study we studied the apoptosis in T lymphocytes from Iranian SLE patients at protein and gene expression levels for some molecules which are involved in apoptosis pathways. Materials and Methods: Thirty five SLE patients (23 female, 12 male), and 20 age matched controls (10 female, 10 male) participated in this study. T lymphocytes were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using MACS method. Apoptosis rate was studied at protein level by flow cytometer using Annexin V, and at gene expression level using semi-quantitative RT-PCR method for detection of Fas, FasL, Bcl-2, caspase 8, and caspase 9 genes. Results: The percentage of apoptotic cells in SLE patients was not different in comparison with controls (20.2 % ± 1.4 vs 21.1 % ±...