R. Shegog - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by R. Shegog

, with rates of some STIs increasing among youth of color and young men who have sex with men. Te... more , with rates of some STIs increasing among youth of color and young men who have sex with men. Technology use among youth also continues to increase. The ubiquitous nature of technology use among youth offers a multitude of opportunities to promote youth sexual health and to prevent disease transmission and unplanned pregnancies. To date, there have been a handful of peer-reviewed articles published regarding the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of using new media and technology for sexual health promotion. Despite recent publications, there is still a real need for high-quality research to understand the impact of different forms of new media use on youth sexual health, as well as to determine the best ways to harness technology to promote safer sex behaviors, both for the short-and long-term. In March 2011, Internet Sexuality Information Services (ISIS), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and the Ford Foundation convened a meeting of scientists and technology experts to discuss how to effectively conduct sexual health promotion research using new forms of technology. The meeting was structured to cover the following topic areas: (i) research-community partnerships, (ii) institutional review board and ethical issues, (iii) theoretical frameworks, (iv) intervention approaches, (v) recruitment methods, and (vi) assessing impact. Presentations included case studies of successful technology-based HIV/STI prevention interventions for youth, which led to broader discussions on how to conduct research in this area. This article summarizes the meeting proceedings, highlights key points, offers recommendations, and outlines future directions.

Few studies have examined the long-term efficacy of computer-based smoking prevention and cessati... more Few studies have examined the long-term efficacy of computer-based smoking prevention and cessation programs. We analyzed the long-term impact of A Smoking Prevention Interactive Experience (ASPIRE), a theoretically sound computer-based smoking prevention and cessation curriculum for high school students. Sixteen predominantly minority, inner-city high schools were randomly assigned to receive the ASPIRE curriculum or standard care (receipt of the National Cancer Institute's Clearing the Air self-help booklet). A total of 1160 students, 1098 of whom were nonsmokers and 62 smokers at baseline, were included. At 18-month follow-up, among baseline nonsmokers, smoking initiation rates were significantly lower in the ASPIRE condition (1.9% vs. 5.8%, p,.05). Students receiving ASPIRE also demonstrated significantly higher decisional balance against smoking and decreased temptations to smoke. Differences between groups in self-efficacy and resistance skills were not significant. There was a nonsignificant trend toward improved smoking cessation with ASPIRE, but low recruitment of smokers precluded conclusions with respect to cessation. ASPIRE demonstrated the potential for an interactive multimedia program to promote smoking prevention. Further studies are required to determine ASPIRE's effects on cessation.

Background: The application of technology for adolescent sexual health education is increasing, t... more Background: The application of technology for adolescent sexual health education is increasing, though few studies have examined the use of health games for HIV/STI and pregnancy prevention and less still that focus on parent-child communication. The Secret of Seven Stones (SSS) is a home-based online adventure game designed to transcend the “sex talk” to engage parents and youth (11-14 yrs.) in a developmentally appropriate HIV, STI, and pregnancy prevention educational experience. Purpose: To describe game development, functionality, and prototype usability testing results. Methods: A stepped development process (Intervention Mapping) guided the application of behavioral theory, empiric data, and qualitative (focus group and semi-structured interview) needs assessment from a collaborative parent-youth advisory group. Design documents and an SSS prototype level were developed. Usability tests were conducted using “talk aloud” and rating (survey) protocols with youth (n=6) under lab...

Preventive Medicine, 2010

We examined the association of parental television (TV) rules and compliance with the American Ac... more We examined the association of parental television (TV) rules and compliance with the American Academy of Pediatrics' (AAP) recommendations of <or=2 h of television per day in a primarily Hispanic sample of elementary school children (n=734) living on the U.S. side of the Texas-Mexico border. The potential modifying effects of children's home environment (parental TV watching, parent at home after school, and TV in bedroom) were also examined. A cross-sectional analysis was performed on baseline survey data merged from two waves (2006 and 2007) of a CDC-funded TV reduction intervention with 4th grade children (mean age: 9.5 years). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine associations. Children who had TV rules were 1.4 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.94) and 1.7 (95% CI: 1.22, 2.32) times more likely to meet the AAP recommendation for weekend and weekday TV watching, respectively. Parental TV watching and TV in bedroom modified the effect of TV rules on children's TV watching, with null associations found for children whose parents watch TV frequently and for children with no TV in bedroom. No interaction effect was found for children's afterschool context. Parental TV limits is one strategy for reducing children's television watching that merits further investigation.

Journal of School Health, 2006

… for Children at …, 2011

… for Children at …, 2011

Background Although the teen birth rate in Texas is one of the highest in the nation (63 per 1,00... more Background Although the teen birth rate in Texas is one of the highest in the nation (63 per 1,000 females ages 15-19), solutions to reduce the rate exist. Other states, such as California, have been successful in dramatically reducing the teen birth rate over the past two decades through strategies such as implementing comprehensive, age-appropriate, and medically accurate sex education, increasing access to contraceptive services, and involving private foundations to fund teen pregnancy prevention efforts by state and community agencies. 1 In 1991, the California teen birth rate was among the highest in the nation (73.8 per 1,000 females age 15-19 years). After implementing these strategies, California reduced its teen birth rate by nearly half (38.8 per 1,000) in 2005, making it the nation's steepest decline in teen births. 2 California's successful strategies, specifically implementation of comprehensive sex education, have caught the attention of all who strive to prevent teen pregnancy, including policymakers and funders. Between 2007 and 2009 policymakers in six states adopted new requirements that sex education be both medically accurate and age appropriate. In June 2009, roughly half of all U.S. states declined to apply for funds under the federally funded Title V abstinence-only program because few eligible programs were evidence-based. 3 Further, in 2010, the White House Administration released a Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiative that allocated $75 million exclusively for implementation of evidence-based programs (EBPs). 3 EBPs are important for two reasons. First, they have been rigorously evaluated, and have demonstrated effectiveness in changing behavior. 4, 5 EBPs have been designed to reduce the teen pregnancy rate by reducing risky sexual behaviors (e.g. early sexual initiation, lack of condom/contraceptive use, multiple sexual partners) and increasing positive behaviors (e.g. delayed sexual initiation, increased use of condoms/contraceptive, reduced number of sexual partners). When widely implemented, EBPs can delay sexual initiation and reduce risky sexual behaviors, ultimately reducing the teen birth rate in a community. 6 Second, implementing EBPs is an effective use of limited resources. Because EBPs are "proven" approaches that have demonstrated effectiveness over time, 4 funders can be assured that their resources are

Background: Television viewing is a sedentary behavior that is modifiable. Reducing media-related... more Background: Television viewing is a sedentary behavior that is modifiable. Reducing media-related behaviors via school-based parent-focused interventions may hold promise for decreasing childhood obesity. The aim of this substudy of the Coordinated Approach To Child Health (CATCH): En Vivo was to evaluate a brief Motivational Enhancement Interview (MEI) program to encourage removal of the television from the child's bedroom. Methods: This quasi-experimental study targeted primarily Hispanic parents of 2nd graders (N= 240) recruited from schools in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. Of the 181 who agreed to participate in this study, 120 were in the control group and 61 in the MEI group. Parents completed questionnaires about their child's media habits. Those in the intervention group received two telephone calls in either English or Spanish. Unconditional logistic regression analyses with the pre-test variable and intervention status as covariates were used to predict gro...

Pedagogy in Health Promotion

Health education specialists in academia and in the workplace must be effective teachers. However... more Health education specialists in academia and in the workplace must be effective teachers. However, doctoral programs often fail to equip students with effective teaching skills. In this study, we evaluate a first-year doctoral course that provided students the opportunity to learn how to teach health promotion theory, apply behavioral science theories and models to the development of health interventions, hone group facilitation skills, and develop their scientific writing abilities. Eight doctoral students completed a teaching self-efficacy assessment during the first and last class periods of a fall 2014 semester at a graduate school of public health in the United States. Throughout the semester, students reflected on their teaching. We applied a Wilcoxon signed-rank test to measure changes in pre- and postteaching self-efficacy scores and subjected student reflexive writings to a content analysis. The median increase in pre ( Mdn = 63, range = 24-72) and post ( Mdn = 76, range = ...

Background: Persistent disparities in adolescent birth and sexually transmitted infection (STI) r... more Background: Persistent disparities in adolescent birth and sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates between American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) youth and other US teens indicate a need for effective sexual education for this population. Purpose: To adapt a promising computer-based middle school sexual health education program for urban minority youth, ‘It’s Your Game Tech’ (IYG-Tech) for use with AI/AN youth in Alaska, the Pacific Northwest, and Arizona. Methods: Pre- and post-adaptation usability tests were conducted with AI/AN youth (pre: n=80; post: n= 45) and adults (pre: n=18; post: n=25). Parameters for informing adaptation were quantitatively (survey) and qualitatively assessed (survey and group process). Results: IYG-Tech comprises 13 computer-based lessons. Pre-adaptation testing indicated that AI/AN youth and adults viewed IYG-Tech favorably. However, recommendations were made to enhance its relevance for AI/AN youth. Deep cultural changes included adjusting the contex...

Technological Developments in Education and Automation, 2009

E-learning applications are becoming ubiquitous in the classroom. However, they are more commonly... more E-learning applications are becoming ubiquitous in the classroom. However, they are more commonly implemented within the context of flat, 2D content presentation and testing. In some cases an immersive, 3D learning environment may be more compelling, yet implementation of these systems is often costly and resource-intensive, requiring high-cost development tools and hard to find skill sets. This paper describes a

Journal of Asthma & Allergy Educators, 2012

ABSTRACT “Lack of effort” attributions for failure (behavioral self-blame) have been associated w... more ABSTRACT “Lack of effort” attributions for failure (behavioral self-blame) have been associated with a greater sense of control over illness outcomes because the failure is attributed to internal (ie, subject to personal factors), unstable (ie, amenable to different outcomes on future occasions), and controllable (ie, subject to personal intent) causes. This study examines the causal attributions (locus, stability, control) used by children and their parents to explain success and failure in 3 asthma self-management domains: symptom monitoring, medication adherence, and environmental trigger avoidance. Participants included 65 children (9-13 years) diagnosed with asthma and their primary caregivers, recruited from urban specialty and community clinics and schools. Responses to a structured interview presenting 18 scenarios of self-management success and failure were coded along causal dimensions and causal labels using the Coding Scheme of Perceived Causality. Children attributed self-management success and failure of themselves and other children mainly to internal (84.6% to 98.1%), unstable (50.8% to 79.4%), and controllable (73% to 98.4%) causes. Compared to other children, respondents regarded their own failure in monitoring symptoms as more unstable. Parents attributed their child’s management mainly to internal (66.7% to 90.5%), unstable (52.4% to 84.1%), and controllable (54.0% to 85.5%) causes. Personal effort and intrinsic motivation were the primary causal labels provided. Understanding a child’s causal attributions for asthma self-management could help asthma educators intervene on beliefs that may be undermining management success. Further research of causal attributions for asthma self-management is required to understand the potential of this theory to inform education and treatment strategies.

Technologies for Training and Learning, 2010

... 5. DAU CardSim: Paper Prototyping an Acquisitions Card Game (pages 81-101). David Metcalf (Un... more ... 5. DAU CardSim: Paper Prototyping an Acquisitions Card Game (pages 81-101). David Metcalf (University of Central Florida, USA), Sara Raasch (42 Entertainment, USA), and Clarissa Graffeo (University of Central Florida, USA) Sample PDF | More details... $30.00 Add to Cart. ...

Asthma, Health and Society, 2009

Page 1. 153 Introduction Asthma has emerged as a significant chronic disease affecting an estimat... more Page 1. 153 Introduction Asthma has emerged as a significant chronic disease affecting an estimated 300 million people worldwide (Masoli et al. 2004), including over 20 million people in the United States. Poor asthma control ...

Games for Health Journal, 2015

Simulation in healthcare : journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare, 2006

Translating behavioral theories, models, and strategies to guide the development and structure of... more Translating behavioral theories, models, and strategies to guide the development and structure of computer-based health applications is well recognized, although a continued challenge for program developers. A stepped approach to translate behavioral theory in the design of simulations to teach chronic disease management to children is described. This includes the translation steps to: 1) define target behaviors and their determinants, 2) identify theoretical methods to optimize behavioral change, and 3) choose educational strategies to effectively apply these methods and combine these into a cohesive computer-based simulation for health education. Asthma is used to exemplify a chronic health management problem and a computer-based asthma management simulation (Watch, Discover, Think and Act) that has been evaluated and shown to effect asthma self-management in children is used to exemplify the application of theory to practice. Impact and outcome evaluation studies have indicated t...

The 132nd Annual …, 2004

... Nicole McKirahan, MPH 1 , Ross Shegog, PhD 2 , Christine M. Markham, PhD 3 , Melissa A. Flesc... more ... Nicole McKirahan, MPH 1 , Ross Shegog, PhD 2 , Christine M. Markham, PhD 3 , Melissa A. Fleschler, MS 4 , Charlie Coton, BA 3 , Elizabeth ... J Low, DrPH 6 , Dana Hurt, MPH 5 , Kiara Spooner, MPH 2 , and Susan Tortolero, PhD 7 . (1) University of Texas-Houston, Center for ...

Patient Education and Counseling, 2000

An interactive multimedia computer game to enhance self-management skills and thereby improve ast... more An interactive multimedia computer game to enhance self-management skills and thereby improve asthma outcomes in inner city children with asthma was evaluated. Subjects aged 6-17 were recruited from four pediatric practices and randomly assigned to the computer intervention condition or to the usual-care comparison. The main character in the game could match the subject on gender and ethnicity. Characteristics of the protagonist's asthma were tailored to be like those of the subject. Subjects played the computer game as part of regular asthma visits. Time between pre- and post-test varied from 4 to 15.6 months (mean, 7.6 months). Analysis of covariance, with pre-test scores, age, and asthma severity as covariates, found that the intervention was associated with fewer hospitalizations, better symptom scores, increased functional status, greater knowledge of asthma management, and better child self-management behavior for those in the intervention condition. Interactions with covariates were found and discussed in terms of variable efficacy of the intervention.

, with rates of some STIs increasing among youth of color and young men who have sex with men. Te... more , with rates of some STIs increasing among youth of color and young men who have sex with men. Technology use among youth also continues to increase. The ubiquitous nature of technology use among youth offers a multitude of opportunities to promote youth sexual health and to prevent disease transmission and unplanned pregnancies. To date, there have been a handful of peer-reviewed articles published regarding the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of using new media and technology for sexual health promotion. Despite recent publications, there is still a real need for high-quality research to understand the impact of different forms of new media use on youth sexual health, as well as to determine the best ways to harness technology to promote safer sex behaviors, both for the short-and long-term. In March 2011, Internet Sexuality Information Services (ISIS), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and the Ford Foundation convened a meeting of scientists and technology experts to discuss how to effectively conduct sexual health promotion research using new forms of technology. The meeting was structured to cover the following topic areas: (i) research-community partnerships, (ii) institutional review board and ethical issues, (iii) theoretical frameworks, (iv) intervention approaches, (v) recruitment methods, and (vi) assessing impact. Presentations included case studies of successful technology-based HIV/STI prevention interventions for youth, which led to broader discussions on how to conduct research in this area. This article summarizes the meeting proceedings, highlights key points, offers recommendations, and outlines future directions.

Few studies have examined the long-term efficacy of computer-based smoking prevention and cessati... more Few studies have examined the long-term efficacy of computer-based smoking prevention and cessation programs. We analyzed the long-term impact of A Smoking Prevention Interactive Experience (ASPIRE), a theoretically sound computer-based smoking prevention and cessation curriculum for high school students. Sixteen predominantly minority, inner-city high schools were randomly assigned to receive the ASPIRE curriculum or standard care (receipt of the National Cancer Institute's Clearing the Air self-help booklet). A total of 1160 students, 1098 of whom were nonsmokers and 62 smokers at baseline, were included. At 18-month follow-up, among baseline nonsmokers, smoking initiation rates were significantly lower in the ASPIRE condition (1.9% vs. 5.8%, p,.05). Students receiving ASPIRE also demonstrated significantly higher decisional balance against smoking and decreased temptations to smoke. Differences between groups in self-efficacy and resistance skills were not significant. There was a nonsignificant trend toward improved smoking cessation with ASPIRE, but low recruitment of smokers precluded conclusions with respect to cessation. ASPIRE demonstrated the potential for an interactive multimedia program to promote smoking prevention. Further studies are required to determine ASPIRE's effects on cessation.

Background: The application of technology for adolescent sexual health education is increasing, t... more Background: The application of technology for adolescent sexual health education is increasing, though few studies have examined the use of health games for HIV/STI and pregnancy prevention and less still that focus on parent-child communication. The Secret of Seven Stones (SSS) is a home-based online adventure game designed to transcend the “sex talk” to engage parents and youth (11-14 yrs.) in a developmentally appropriate HIV, STI, and pregnancy prevention educational experience. Purpose: To describe game development, functionality, and prototype usability testing results. Methods: A stepped development process (Intervention Mapping) guided the application of behavioral theory, empiric data, and qualitative (focus group and semi-structured interview) needs assessment from a collaborative parent-youth advisory group. Design documents and an SSS prototype level were developed. Usability tests were conducted using “talk aloud” and rating (survey) protocols with youth (n=6) under lab...

Preventive Medicine, 2010

We examined the association of parental television (TV) rules and compliance with the American Ac... more We examined the association of parental television (TV) rules and compliance with the American Academy of Pediatrics' (AAP) recommendations of <or=2 h of television per day in a primarily Hispanic sample of elementary school children (n=734) living on the U.S. side of the Texas-Mexico border. The potential modifying effects of children's home environment (parental TV watching, parent at home after school, and TV in bedroom) were also examined. A cross-sectional analysis was performed on baseline survey data merged from two waves (2006 and 2007) of a CDC-funded TV reduction intervention with 4th grade children (mean age: 9.5 years). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine associations. Children who had TV rules were 1.4 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.94) and 1.7 (95% CI: 1.22, 2.32) times more likely to meet the AAP recommendation for weekend and weekday TV watching, respectively. Parental TV watching and TV in bedroom modified the effect of TV rules on children's TV watching, with null associations found for children whose parents watch TV frequently and for children with no TV in bedroom. No interaction effect was found for children's afterschool context. Parental TV limits is one strategy for reducing children's television watching that merits further investigation.

Journal of School Health, 2006

… for Children at …, 2011

… for Children at …, 2011

Background Although the teen birth rate in Texas is one of the highest in the nation (63 per 1,00... more Background Although the teen birth rate in Texas is one of the highest in the nation (63 per 1,000 females ages 15-19), solutions to reduce the rate exist. Other states, such as California, have been successful in dramatically reducing the teen birth rate over the past two decades through strategies such as implementing comprehensive, age-appropriate, and medically accurate sex education, increasing access to contraceptive services, and involving private foundations to fund teen pregnancy prevention efforts by state and community agencies. 1 In 1991, the California teen birth rate was among the highest in the nation (73.8 per 1,000 females age 15-19 years). After implementing these strategies, California reduced its teen birth rate by nearly half (38.8 per 1,000) in 2005, making it the nation's steepest decline in teen births. 2 California's successful strategies, specifically implementation of comprehensive sex education, have caught the attention of all who strive to prevent teen pregnancy, including policymakers and funders. Between 2007 and 2009 policymakers in six states adopted new requirements that sex education be both medically accurate and age appropriate. In June 2009, roughly half of all U.S. states declined to apply for funds under the federally funded Title V abstinence-only program because few eligible programs were evidence-based. 3 Further, in 2010, the White House Administration released a Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiative that allocated $75 million exclusively for implementation of evidence-based programs (EBPs). 3 EBPs are important for two reasons. First, they have been rigorously evaluated, and have demonstrated effectiveness in changing behavior. 4, 5 EBPs have been designed to reduce the teen pregnancy rate by reducing risky sexual behaviors (e.g. early sexual initiation, lack of condom/contraceptive use, multiple sexual partners) and increasing positive behaviors (e.g. delayed sexual initiation, increased use of condoms/contraceptive, reduced number of sexual partners). When widely implemented, EBPs can delay sexual initiation and reduce risky sexual behaviors, ultimately reducing the teen birth rate in a community. 6 Second, implementing EBPs is an effective use of limited resources. Because EBPs are "proven" approaches that have demonstrated effectiveness over time, 4 funders can be assured that their resources are

Background: Television viewing is a sedentary behavior that is modifiable. Reducing media-related... more Background: Television viewing is a sedentary behavior that is modifiable. Reducing media-related behaviors via school-based parent-focused interventions may hold promise for decreasing childhood obesity. The aim of this substudy of the Coordinated Approach To Child Health (CATCH): En Vivo was to evaluate a brief Motivational Enhancement Interview (MEI) program to encourage removal of the television from the child's bedroom. Methods: This quasi-experimental study targeted primarily Hispanic parents of 2nd graders (N= 240) recruited from schools in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. Of the 181 who agreed to participate in this study, 120 were in the control group and 61 in the MEI group. Parents completed questionnaires about their child's media habits. Those in the intervention group received two telephone calls in either English or Spanish. Unconditional logistic regression analyses with the pre-test variable and intervention status as covariates were used to predict gro...

Pedagogy in Health Promotion

Health education specialists in academia and in the workplace must be effective teachers. However... more Health education specialists in academia and in the workplace must be effective teachers. However, doctoral programs often fail to equip students with effective teaching skills. In this study, we evaluate a first-year doctoral course that provided students the opportunity to learn how to teach health promotion theory, apply behavioral science theories and models to the development of health interventions, hone group facilitation skills, and develop their scientific writing abilities. Eight doctoral students completed a teaching self-efficacy assessment during the first and last class periods of a fall 2014 semester at a graduate school of public health in the United States. Throughout the semester, students reflected on their teaching. We applied a Wilcoxon signed-rank test to measure changes in pre- and postteaching self-efficacy scores and subjected student reflexive writings to a content analysis. The median increase in pre ( Mdn = 63, range = 24-72) and post ( Mdn = 76, range = ...

Background: Persistent disparities in adolescent birth and sexually transmitted infection (STI) r... more Background: Persistent disparities in adolescent birth and sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates between American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) youth and other US teens indicate a need for effective sexual education for this population. Purpose: To adapt a promising computer-based middle school sexual health education program for urban minority youth, ‘It’s Your Game Tech’ (IYG-Tech) for use with AI/AN youth in Alaska, the Pacific Northwest, and Arizona. Methods: Pre- and post-adaptation usability tests were conducted with AI/AN youth (pre: n=80; post: n= 45) and adults (pre: n=18; post: n=25). Parameters for informing adaptation were quantitatively (survey) and qualitatively assessed (survey and group process). Results: IYG-Tech comprises 13 computer-based lessons. Pre-adaptation testing indicated that AI/AN youth and adults viewed IYG-Tech favorably. However, recommendations were made to enhance its relevance for AI/AN youth. Deep cultural changes included adjusting the contex...

Technological Developments in Education and Automation, 2009

E-learning applications are becoming ubiquitous in the classroom. However, they are more commonly... more E-learning applications are becoming ubiquitous in the classroom. However, they are more commonly implemented within the context of flat, 2D content presentation and testing. In some cases an immersive, 3D learning environment may be more compelling, yet implementation of these systems is often costly and resource-intensive, requiring high-cost development tools and hard to find skill sets. This paper describes a

Journal of Asthma & Allergy Educators, 2012

ABSTRACT “Lack of effort” attributions for failure (behavioral self-blame) have been associated w... more ABSTRACT “Lack of effort” attributions for failure (behavioral self-blame) have been associated with a greater sense of control over illness outcomes because the failure is attributed to internal (ie, subject to personal factors), unstable (ie, amenable to different outcomes on future occasions), and controllable (ie, subject to personal intent) causes. This study examines the causal attributions (locus, stability, control) used by children and their parents to explain success and failure in 3 asthma self-management domains: symptom monitoring, medication adherence, and environmental trigger avoidance. Participants included 65 children (9-13 years) diagnosed with asthma and their primary caregivers, recruited from urban specialty and community clinics and schools. Responses to a structured interview presenting 18 scenarios of self-management success and failure were coded along causal dimensions and causal labels using the Coding Scheme of Perceived Causality. Children attributed self-management success and failure of themselves and other children mainly to internal (84.6% to 98.1%), unstable (50.8% to 79.4%), and controllable (73% to 98.4%) causes. Compared to other children, respondents regarded their own failure in monitoring symptoms as more unstable. Parents attributed their child’s management mainly to internal (66.7% to 90.5%), unstable (52.4% to 84.1%), and controllable (54.0% to 85.5%) causes. Personal effort and intrinsic motivation were the primary causal labels provided. Understanding a child’s causal attributions for asthma self-management could help asthma educators intervene on beliefs that may be undermining management success. Further research of causal attributions for asthma self-management is required to understand the potential of this theory to inform education and treatment strategies.

Technologies for Training and Learning, 2010

... 5. DAU CardSim: Paper Prototyping an Acquisitions Card Game (pages 81-101). David Metcalf (Un... more ... 5. DAU CardSim: Paper Prototyping an Acquisitions Card Game (pages 81-101). David Metcalf (University of Central Florida, USA), Sara Raasch (42 Entertainment, USA), and Clarissa Graffeo (University of Central Florida, USA) Sample PDF | More details... $30.00 Add to Cart. ...

Asthma, Health and Society, 2009

Page 1. 153 Introduction Asthma has emerged as a significant chronic disease affecting an estimat... more Page 1. 153 Introduction Asthma has emerged as a significant chronic disease affecting an estimated 300 million people worldwide (Masoli et al. 2004), including over 20 million people in the United States. Poor asthma control ...

Games for Health Journal, 2015

Simulation in healthcare : journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare, 2006

Translating behavioral theories, models, and strategies to guide the development and structure of... more Translating behavioral theories, models, and strategies to guide the development and structure of computer-based health applications is well recognized, although a continued challenge for program developers. A stepped approach to translate behavioral theory in the design of simulations to teach chronic disease management to children is described. This includes the translation steps to: 1) define target behaviors and their determinants, 2) identify theoretical methods to optimize behavioral change, and 3) choose educational strategies to effectively apply these methods and combine these into a cohesive computer-based simulation for health education. Asthma is used to exemplify a chronic health management problem and a computer-based asthma management simulation (Watch, Discover, Think and Act) that has been evaluated and shown to effect asthma self-management in children is used to exemplify the application of theory to practice. Impact and outcome evaluation studies have indicated t...

The 132nd Annual …, 2004

... Nicole McKirahan, MPH 1 , Ross Shegog, PhD 2 , Christine M. Markham, PhD 3 , Melissa A. Flesc... more ... Nicole McKirahan, MPH 1 , Ross Shegog, PhD 2 , Christine M. Markham, PhD 3 , Melissa A. Fleschler, MS 4 , Charlie Coton, BA 3 , Elizabeth ... J Low, DrPH 6 , Dana Hurt, MPH 5 , Kiara Spooner, MPH 2 , and Susan Tortolero, PhD 7 . (1) University of Texas-Houston, Center for ...

Patient Education and Counseling, 2000

An interactive multimedia computer game to enhance self-management skills and thereby improve ast... more An interactive multimedia computer game to enhance self-management skills and thereby improve asthma outcomes in inner city children with asthma was evaluated. Subjects aged 6-17 were recruited from four pediatric practices and randomly assigned to the computer intervention condition or to the usual-care comparison. The main character in the game could match the subject on gender and ethnicity. Characteristics of the protagonist's asthma were tailored to be like those of the subject. Subjects played the computer game as part of regular asthma visits. Time between pre- and post-test varied from 4 to 15.6 months (mean, 7.6 months). Analysis of covariance, with pre-test scores, age, and asthma severity as covariates, found that the intervention was associated with fewer hospitalizations, better symptom scores, increased functional status, greater knowledge of asthma management, and better child self-management behavior for those in the intervention condition. Interactions with covariates were found and discussed in terms of variable efficacy of the intervention.