Ronald Silalahi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Ronald Silalahi
VELES: Voices of English Language Education Society
The current trend of dynamic multilingualism in the field of applied linguistics has triggered th... more The current trend of dynamic multilingualism in the field of applied linguistics has triggered the emergence of pedagogical approaches that aim to support and legitimate multilingual language practices. Translanguaging and trans-semiotizing are among the terms that have been widely used to describe the dynamic flows of discursive practices that involve one’s full semiotic repertoire to communicate and construct knowledge, which still remains unexplored in this context. This study aimed to investigate both university teachers and students’ perceptions of translanguaging and trans-semiotizing in English classrooms. Using observation, semi-structured interviews to five teachers and focus group discussion to seven students, the results of thematic analysis demonstrated that while the teachers seemed to expect the implementation of monolingual instruction, the students had a more positive view towards the utilization of multiple languages and semiotic signs in the classroom. It was also ...
Jurnal Pengabdian dan Kewirausahaan
English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in the hospitality industry context answers problems related ... more English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in the hospitality industry context answers problems related to service quality in the hospitality industry. It is experienced by IBIS Style Hotel – Gajah Mada as part (branch) of the largest hotel franchise chain in Indonesia. IBIS Style Hotel – Gajah Mada feels that the work team must improve their English skills, especially when carrying out daily tasks and routines. It underlies the implementation of Community Services (ABDIMAS), which involves Bunda Mulia University as the executor and IBIS Style as a partner. Realizing these problems, programmed (incidental) ABDIMAS activities were carried out, which were described in three stages. First, the initiation or understanding of problems and constraints faced by partners. Second, the execution or implementation of activities carried out to answer Partner problems which in this case is carried out through enrichment programs in 4 major themes developed in 12 meetings. Third, the implementation that...
Bricolage : Jurnal Magister Ilmu Komunikasi
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kerentanan sosial di Kecamatan Pademangan. Salah satu bentuk... more Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kerentanan sosial di Kecamatan Pademangan. Salah satu bentuk kerentanan tersebut adalah tawuran antar warga yang terjadi setiap saat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalaui wawancara mendalam, observasi non-partisipatif, penelusuran dokumen, baik cetak maupun visual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, di tengah sesak dan kumuhnya ruang di Kecamatan Pademangan, gesekan kecil serta miskomunikasi dapat berdampak pada kerawanan yang berupa tindakan kriminal, pertentangan antar warga, serta konflik sosial berupa tawuran. Tawuran yang terjadi Kecamatan Pademangan dapat diselesaikan dengan mekanisme pemolisian prediktif, yakni melakukan prediksi gangguan kamtibmas pada saat menjelang bulan Ramadhan, dengan melakukan anatomi crime yang didasarkan oleh hasil pulbaket intelijen oleh unit intelkam Polsek Pademangan dan hasil patroli sambang dan patroli dialogis. Aplikasi teori konvergensi simbolik me...
Journal of Computer Science
This open-access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.
Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Teacher performance is an important part of achieving the goals of an educational institution. Th... more Teacher performance is an important part of achieving the goals of an educational institution. The good or bad of an educational institution or school can also be seen from the level of teacher performance. To avoid the bad side of teacher performance, a comfortable work environment, the right leadership style and support from the family are needed so that performance can be more optimal. This research intends to analyze the performance of teachers in PAUD in Cengkareng District, West Jakarta, which is affected by the work environment, leadership style and family support. Questionnaire data as primary data and school IKP and EKI documents as secondary data. There were 22 respondents in this research who were sampled. Multiple linear regression analysis as data analysis and t-test as a hypothesis test were all processed through SPSS version 26. The results of this research describe that performance is not partially affected by the work environment. Meanwhile performance is significan...
Jurnal Pengabdian dan Kewirausahaan
Vocational learning in Indonesia at the upper secondary level provides a large portion of improvi... more Vocational learning in Indonesia at the upper secondary level provides a large portion of improving English language skills. Besides being used as a compulsory subject/college in schools and universities, English lessons are studied in the context of vocational education to bridge the world of education with the needs of industry and the workforce on a national, multinational, and international scale. The high need for a competent workforce, which can be seen from the ability to speak English, presents a variety of specific subjects in line with this condition. The subject variant in question is business English or 'business English'. Referring to this condition and examining the need for vocational education, Community Service activities (ABDIMAS) are carried out with the theme 'Introduction to Business English'. ABDIMAS is held at the Almakiyah Vocational High School (SMK) in East Jakarta. ABDIMAS was carried out in response to the needs of partners who felt that t...
Journal of Innovation in Educational and Cultural Research
Most students in Indonesia find it difficult to understand the concepts of mathematics correctly.... more Most students in Indonesia find it difficult to understand the concepts of mathematics correctly. This is caused by the factor of teacher who doesn’t master the learning method according to the class situation and the factor of the students who are less interested in learning mathematics. The DDCT is suitable in this case, the purpose of this study is to find out the effect of the DDCT and how much it affects the students' ability to understand concepts at SMPN 7 Ambon. This research is quantitative looking for the relationship between variables, with a pre-experimental design of the type of one-shot case study. The samples taken were students of class X-1 (experimental) and X-2 (control), each of which amounted to 15 people at SMPN 7 Ambon. Data were collected on concept understanding ability tests and questionnaires used for student responses during learning using DDCT. Data were analyzed through hypothesis testing and determinant coefficients using SPSS 22.0. The results show...
Journal of English Language and Culture
Burger King and McDonald's are the two largest burger franchises globally, characterized by t... more Burger King and McDonald's are the two largest burger franchises globally, characterized by the number of restaurants owned. Burger King and McDonald's competition can be seen from how the two companies penetrate the global market. From the advertising context, both companies innovatively and persuasively develop consumer awareness on the one hand, and on the other hand, there are attempts to weaken competitors. This research is directed to analyze the (multimodal) metaphor used by the two companies to promote burger products. Qualitative research on pictorial advertisements was carried out in stages through several phases, which included descriptions of social, historical, and cultural contexts, identification of visual elements, identification of verbal elements, and analysis that elaborated on the three phases. The analysis shows competition between Burger King's and McDonald's advertisements. Multimodal metaphor analysis comprehensively shows that both companies ...
Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching
Native-speakerism is an ideology in foreign language teaching that believes that Native English S... more Native-speakerism is an ideology in foreign language teaching that believes that Native English Speaking Teachers (NESTs) have better competencies than Nonnative English Speaking Teachers (NNESTs). There are marked differences between NESTs and NNESTs in private classroom learning; for instance, the hourly fees of NESTs are much higher than NNESTs regardless of the long language teaching career. More importantly, there is hardly any research on Native-speakerism ideology from the perspective of nonnative English private tutors. This research, therefore, is conducted to give a broader conception of how NNESTs perceive the native-speakerism ideology in a private class context and contribute to the relatively unexplored area of language teaching. The data of this qualitative study were obtained through a small-scale interview with nonnative English private tutors. Results show that private learning, based on the informants' standpoints, is more oriented to making speakers able to u...
Anglophile Journal
Folklore is a story created by the community whose existence is intended to entertain children th... more Folklore is a story created by the community whose existence is intended to entertain children through stories containing moral values to have an essential role for children. It usually based on the culture of those who created them, making folklores from different areas unique in their ways, including the morals they teach. This article is qualitatively aimed to analyse and compare folklores from both Indonesia and Britain, finding similarities and differences in the moral values they teach. This research is directed to compare folklore originating from Indonesia and England because they both have different cultural backgrounds and analyse how each culture can differentiate between two similar stories. The new criticism theory is applied during the comparison process, divided into first analysing the story, ending with the morals that the story attempts to teach. The result of this study shows that, despite the difference in culture between the two cultures, their folklores can tea...
Journal of English Teaching as a Foreign Language, Jun 30, 2018
Cultural Dynamics in a Globalized World, 2017
Journal of English Language and Culture, 2021
In the last decade, the development of information technology confirms English as a Lingua Franca... more In the last decade, the development of information technology confirms English as a Lingua Franca used by native English speakers and nonnative English speakers. English in a global context has triggered the emergence of new English variants, resulting from the assimilation of English into a local language known as World Englishes. On the other hand, Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEAFL) in Indonesia is still oriented towards the ideology of nativespeakerism which believes that TEAFL should be done by Native English-Speaking Teachers (NEST) because they are believed to have better linguistic competence and contextual understanding than Nonnative English-Speaking Teachers (NNEST). This article is directed to determine the perceptions of English teachers in Indonesia regarding the world Englishes phenomenon. This research is qualitative research with 20 informants consisting of 10 Nonnative English-Speaking Teachers and 10 Native English-Speaking Teachers. Four Focus Group Di...
Journal of English Teaching as a Foreign Language, Dec 22, 2020
Journal of ELT Research, 2019
Native-Speakerism is an ideology that focuses on the belief that the best model and teacher in fo... more Native-Speakerism is an ideology that focuses on the belief that the best model and teacher in foreign language learning (specifically English) are native speakers of that language. In the context of English Language Teaching (ELT); the native speaker of English are considered more capable of representing western culture appropriately in accordance with their social and cultural contexts (Holliday 2005: 6). This ideology explicitly shows the phenomenon of linguistic imperialism and inequality in ELT. In Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEAFL); the phenomenon of Native-Speakerism is still debatable. A number of Indonesian-English teachers and learners realize the importance of learning English in the western context, but others do not rule out the possibility of learning English in a non-western context. Referring to this dualism, this article discusses the way in which Indonesian non-native English learners view the ideology of Native-Speakerism. This study uses a qualitative...
Journal of English Language and Culture, 2018
Discourse legitimation is one of the studies that emphasize the analysis of a public policy. In t... more Discourse legitimation is one of the studies that emphasize the analysis of a public policy. In this article, public policy becomes an idea of emphasis. Public policy is established by governments to meet social goals that are always linked to public and public interests. This policy is an action formed by an individual or group of people within a social environment. In the perspective of discourse, public policy is a representation of a communication process involving government and state apparatuses. In the process of its formation, policies are established to meet the needs of stakeholders. Therefore, the ideology of a policy reflects the view of the stakeholders. Public policy is the foundation used by society, individuals, and institutions in performing actions in accordance with applicable provisions. Public policy can be viewed as a social action. Therefore, the process of analysis of a public policy must take into consideration the social and cultural aspects of society. Con...
Speech sounds contain thousands of acoustical features. The linguistic acoustical features can be... more Speech sounds contain thousands of acoustical features. The linguistic acoustical features can be importantly used to recognize the identity of the speakers due to the fact that every person produces different sounds. This paper is descriptively aimed to investigate the role of tone frequency characters to recognize a speaker’s identity. In order to achieve the objective of this research, the researcher pictures the character of tone frequencies by using PRAAT 4.5.1.4. Supported by mathematical measurement, the writer will formulize the role of these features for identification of personal identity and describe the logical implication of this formulation. Keywords : Tone, frequency, acoustic, identity, recognition
Journal of English Language and Culture, 2018
Postmodernism fundamentally supersedes the ideas of modern ages that base their perspective on ra... more Postmodernism fundamentally supersedes the ideas of modern ages that base their perspective on rationality and objectivity into postmodern thought that aimed at improving awareness of the reality in human life. It is aimed at improving social or cultural conditions or circumstances and to build the forms of awareness about realities that occur in human life in all spheres of life. This conception ultimately awakens Edward Said to a social phenomenon associated with the Western (colonialist) and Eastern (orientalist). Through his writing entitled Orientalism, Edward Said links Western responses and worldviews (Orient) which are always based on the nature of preconceived and stereotyped. In this paper, the author will firstly reveal the thoughts of postmodernism and then associate them with the concept of Orientalism. At the end of this paper, the authors will conduct case studies on two texts that are considered to reflect the issues of orientalism. Keywords: postmodernism, oriental...
Language is a sign system which is used by society to cooperate, interact, and identify. Culture,... more Language is a sign system which is used by society to cooperate, interact, and identify. Culture, Society, and Cognition is built based on human perception in their world. It is reflected through linguistics element used by language users for communication purposes. The idea about inter-relation of language and those three elements (Culture, Society, and Cognition) is conducted by an anthropologist and linguist, Edward Sapir. Sapir’s perspective on culture is highly influenced by some western linguist and philosopher (like Boas, Morris, and Saussure). Sapir believes that language is cultural product. The linguistic constructions in particular language are built from influence mechanisms. Each language related to immeasurable variety of experiences and a limited array of formal categories (both lexical and grammatical). These categories coherently related to the interpretation of experience in the world. Whorf believes that the system of categories in each language provides an unu...
VELES: Voices of English Language Education Society
The current trend of dynamic multilingualism in the field of applied linguistics has triggered th... more The current trend of dynamic multilingualism in the field of applied linguistics has triggered the emergence of pedagogical approaches that aim to support and legitimate multilingual language practices. Translanguaging and trans-semiotizing are among the terms that have been widely used to describe the dynamic flows of discursive practices that involve one’s full semiotic repertoire to communicate and construct knowledge, which still remains unexplored in this context. This study aimed to investigate both university teachers and students’ perceptions of translanguaging and trans-semiotizing in English classrooms. Using observation, semi-structured interviews to five teachers and focus group discussion to seven students, the results of thematic analysis demonstrated that while the teachers seemed to expect the implementation of monolingual instruction, the students had a more positive view towards the utilization of multiple languages and semiotic signs in the classroom. It was also ...
Jurnal Pengabdian dan Kewirausahaan
English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in the hospitality industry context answers problems related ... more English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in the hospitality industry context answers problems related to service quality in the hospitality industry. It is experienced by IBIS Style Hotel – Gajah Mada as part (branch) of the largest hotel franchise chain in Indonesia. IBIS Style Hotel – Gajah Mada feels that the work team must improve their English skills, especially when carrying out daily tasks and routines. It underlies the implementation of Community Services (ABDIMAS), which involves Bunda Mulia University as the executor and IBIS Style as a partner. Realizing these problems, programmed (incidental) ABDIMAS activities were carried out, which were described in three stages. First, the initiation or understanding of problems and constraints faced by partners. Second, the execution or implementation of activities carried out to answer Partner problems which in this case is carried out through enrichment programs in 4 major themes developed in 12 meetings. Third, the implementation that...
Bricolage : Jurnal Magister Ilmu Komunikasi
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kerentanan sosial di Kecamatan Pademangan. Salah satu bentuk... more Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kerentanan sosial di Kecamatan Pademangan. Salah satu bentuk kerentanan tersebut adalah tawuran antar warga yang terjadi setiap saat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalaui wawancara mendalam, observasi non-partisipatif, penelusuran dokumen, baik cetak maupun visual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, di tengah sesak dan kumuhnya ruang di Kecamatan Pademangan, gesekan kecil serta miskomunikasi dapat berdampak pada kerawanan yang berupa tindakan kriminal, pertentangan antar warga, serta konflik sosial berupa tawuran. Tawuran yang terjadi Kecamatan Pademangan dapat diselesaikan dengan mekanisme pemolisian prediktif, yakni melakukan prediksi gangguan kamtibmas pada saat menjelang bulan Ramadhan, dengan melakukan anatomi crime yang didasarkan oleh hasil pulbaket intelijen oleh unit intelkam Polsek Pademangan dan hasil patroli sambang dan patroli dialogis. Aplikasi teori konvergensi simbolik me...
Journal of Computer Science
This open-access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.
Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Teacher performance is an important part of achieving the goals of an educational institution. Th... more Teacher performance is an important part of achieving the goals of an educational institution. The good or bad of an educational institution or school can also be seen from the level of teacher performance. To avoid the bad side of teacher performance, a comfortable work environment, the right leadership style and support from the family are needed so that performance can be more optimal. This research intends to analyze the performance of teachers in PAUD in Cengkareng District, West Jakarta, which is affected by the work environment, leadership style and family support. Questionnaire data as primary data and school IKP and EKI documents as secondary data. There were 22 respondents in this research who were sampled. Multiple linear regression analysis as data analysis and t-test as a hypothesis test were all processed through SPSS version 26. The results of this research describe that performance is not partially affected by the work environment. Meanwhile performance is significan...
Jurnal Pengabdian dan Kewirausahaan
Vocational learning in Indonesia at the upper secondary level provides a large portion of improvi... more Vocational learning in Indonesia at the upper secondary level provides a large portion of improving English language skills. Besides being used as a compulsory subject/college in schools and universities, English lessons are studied in the context of vocational education to bridge the world of education with the needs of industry and the workforce on a national, multinational, and international scale. The high need for a competent workforce, which can be seen from the ability to speak English, presents a variety of specific subjects in line with this condition. The subject variant in question is business English or 'business English'. Referring to this condition and examining the need for vocational education, Community Service activities (ABDIMAS) are carried out with the theme 'Introduction to Business English'. ABDIMAS is held at the Almakiyah Vocational High School (SMK) in East Jakarta. ABDIMAS was carried out in response to the needs of partners who felt that t...
Journal of Innovation in Educational and Cultural Research
Most students in Indonesia find it difficult to understand the concepts of mathematics correctly.... more Most students in Indonesia find it difficult to understand the concepts of mathematics correctly. This is caused by the factor of teacher who doesn’t master the learning method according to the class situation and the factor of the students who are less interested in learning mathematics. The DDCT is suitable in this case, the purpose of this study is to find out the effect of the DDCT and how much it affects the students' ability to understand concepts at SMPN 7 Ambon. This research is quantitative looking for the relationship between variables, with a pre-experimental design of the type of one-shot case study. The samples taken were students of class X-1 (experimental) and X-2 (control), each of which amounted to 15 people at SMPN 7 Ambon. Data were collected on concept understanding ability tests and questionnaires used for student responses during learning using DDCT. Data were analyzed through hypothesis testing and determinant coefficients using SPSS 22.0. The results show...
Journal of English Language and Culture
Burger King and McDonald's are the two largest burger franchises globally, characterized by t... more Burger King and McDonald's are the two largest burger franchises globally, characterized by the number of restaurants owned. Burger King and McDonald's competition can be seen from how the two companies penetrate the global market. From the advertising context, both companies innovatively and persuasively develop consumer awareness on the one hand, and on the other hand, there are attempts to weaken competitors. This research is directed to analyze the (multimodal) metaphor used by the two companies to promote burger products. Qualitative research on pictorial advertisements was carried out in stages through several phases, which included descriptions of social, historical, and cultural contexts, identification of visual elements, identification of verbal elements, and analysis that elaborated on the three phases. The analysis shows competition between Burger King's and McDonald's advertisements. Multimodal metaphor analysis comprehensively shows that both companies ...
Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching
Native-speakerism is an ideology in foreign language teaching that believes that Native English S... more Native-speakerism is an ideology in foreign language teaching that believes that Native English Speaking Teachers (NESTs) have better competencies than Nonnative English Speaking Teachers (NNESTs). There are marked differences between NESTs and NNESTs in private classroom learning; for instance, the hourly fees of NESTs are much higher than NNESTs regardless of the long language teaching career. More importantly, there is hardly any research on Native-speakerism ideology from the perspective of nonnative English private tutors. This research, therefore, is conducted to give a broader conception of how NNESTs perceive the native-speakerism ideology in a private class context and contribute to the relatively unexplored area of language teaching. The data of this qualitative study were obtained through a small-scale interview with nonnative English private tutors. Results show that private learning, based on the informants' standpoints, is more oriented to making speakers able to u...
Anglophile Journal
Folklore is a story created by the community whose existence is intended to entertain children th... more Folklore is a story created by the community whose existence is intended to entertain children through stories containing moral values to have an essential role for children. It usually based on the culture of those who created them, making folklores from different areas unique in their ways, including the morals they teach. This article is qualitatively aimed to analyse and compare folklores from both Indonesia and Britain, finding similarities and differences in the moral values they teach. This research is directed to compare folklore originating from Indonesia and England because they both have different cultural backgrounds and analyse how each culture can differentiate between two similar stories. The new criticism theory is applied during the comparison process, divided into first analysing the story, ending with the morals that the story attempts to teach. The result of this study shows that, despite the difference in culture between the two cultures, their folklores can tea...
Journal of English Teaching as a Foreign Language, Jun 30, 2018
Cultural Dynamics in a Globalized World, 2017
Journal of English Language and Culture, 2021
In the last decade, the development of information technology confirms English as a Lingua Franca... more In the last decade, the development of information technology confirms English as a Lingua Franca used by native English speakers and nonnative English speakers. English in a global context has triggered the emergence of new English variants, resulting from the assimilation of English into a local language known as World Englishes. On the other hand, Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEAFL) in Indonesia is still oriented towards the ideology of nativespeakerism which believes that TEAFL should be done by Native English-Speaking Teachers (NEST) because they are believed to have better linguistic competence and contextual understanding than Nonnative English-Speaking Teachers (NNEST). This article is directed to determine the perceptions of English teachers in Indonesia regarding the world Englishes phenomenon. This research is qualitative research with 20 informants consisting of 10 Nonnative English-Speaking Teachers and 10 Native English-Speaking Teachers. Four Focus Group Di...
Journal of English Teaching as a Foreign Language, Dec 22, 2020
Journal of ELT Research, 2019
Native-Speakerism is an ideology that focuses on the belief that the best model and teacher in fo... more Native-Speakerism is an ideology that focuses on the belief that the best model and teacher in foreign language learning (specifically English) are native speakers of that language. In the context of English Language Teaching (ELT); the native speaker of English are considered more capable of representing western culture appropriately in accordance with their social and cultural contexts (Holliday 2005: 6). This ideology explicitly shows the phenomenon of linguistic imperialism and inequality in ELT. In Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEAFL); the phenomenon of Native-Speakerism is still debatable. A number of Indonesian-English teachers and learners realize the importance of learning English in the western context, but others do not rule out the possibility of learning English in a non-western context. Referring to this dualism, this article discusses the way in which Indonesian non-native English learners view the ideology of Native-Speakerism. This study uses a qualitative...
Journal of English Language and Culture, 2018
Discourse legitimation is one of the studies that emphasize the analysis of a public policy. In t... more Discourse legitimation is one of the studies that emphasize the analysis of a public policy. In this article, public policy becomes an idea of emphasis. Public policy is established by governments to meet social goals that are always linked to public and public interests. This policy is an action formed by an individual or group of people within a social environment. In the perspective of discourse, public policy is a representation of a communication process involving government and state apparatuses. In the process of its formation, policies are established to meet the needs of stakeholders. Therefore, the ideology of a policy reflects the view of the stakeholders. Public policy is the foundation used by society, individuals, and institutions in performing actions in accordance with applicable provisions. Public policy can be viewed as a social action. Therefore, the process of analysis of a public policy must take into consideration the social and cultural aspects of society. Con...
Speech sounds contain thousands of acoustical features. The linguistic acoustical features can be... more Speech sounds contain thousands of acoustical features. The linguistic acoustical features can be importantly used to recognize the identity of the speakers due to the fact that every person produces different sounds. This paper is descriptively aimed to investigate the role of tone frequency characters to recognize a speaker’s identity. In order to achieve the objective of this research, the researcher pictures the character of tone frequencies by using PRAAT 4.5.1.4. Supported by mathematical measurement, the writer will formulize the role of these features for identification of personal identity and describe the logical implication of this formulation. Keywords : Tone, frequency, acoustic, identity, recognition
Journal of English Language and Culture, 2018
Postmodernism fundamentally supersedes the ideas of modern ages that base their perspective on ra... more Postmodernism fundamentally supersedes the ideas of modern ages that base their perspective on rationality and objectivity into postmodern thought that aimed at improving awareness of the reality in human life. It is aimed at improving social or cultural conditions or circumstances and to build the forms of awareness about realities that occur in human life in all spheres of life. This conception ultimately awakens Edward Said to a social phenomenon associated with the Western (colonialist) and Eastern (orientalist). Through his writing entitled Orientalism, Edward Said links Western responses and worldviews (Orient) which are always based on the nature of preconceived and stereotyped. In this paper, the author will firstly reveal the thoughts of postmodernism and then associate them with the concept of Orientalism. At the end of this paper, the authors will conduct case studies on two texts that are considered to reflect the issues of orientalism. Keywords: postmodernism, oriental...
Language is a sign system which is used by society to cooperate, interact, and identify. Culture,... more Language is a sign system which is used by society to cooperate, interact, and identify. Culture, Society, and Cognition is built based on human perception in their world. It is reflected through linguistics element used by language users for communication purposes. The idea about inter-relation of language and those three elements (Culture, Society, and Cognition) is conducted by an anthropologist and linguist, Edward Sapir. Sapir’s perspective on culture is highly influenced by some western linguist and philosopher (like Boas, Morris, and Saussure). Sapir believes that language is cultural product. The linguistic constructions in particular language are built from influence mechanisms. Each language related to immeasurable variety of experiences and a limited array of formal categories (both lexical and grammatical). These categories coherently related to the interpretation of experience in the world. Whorf believes that the system of categories in each language provides an unu...