Ra'Ed Jaradat - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Ra'Ed Jaradat

International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, 2015

Risk managers are constantly faced with the challenge of making decisions at various levels of th... more Risk managers are constantly faced with the challenge of making decisions at various levels of their organizations. One of the challenges, which often times is unavoidable, lies in assigning a monetary value to human risks. Such challenge necessitates engineering managers to make educated decisions on the level of risk that the organizations and businesses should accept when it comes to human. The purpose of this study is to suggest a suitable framework that captures this aspect of engineering Risk Management in order to make rational and sustainable decisions about such assessed risk. This will be accomplished by exploring the tools, techniques, and methods implemented to evaluate the human risk in the decision making process by risk managers. The study attempts to address a fundamental question that risk managers strive to seek a clear and definite answer to the question "are the benefits gained from assigning a monetary value to human life worth taking the risks, efforts, costs required to achieve such benefits?"

The purpose of this research is to provide a preliminary attempt at using simulation modeling and... more The purpose of this research is to provide a preliminary attempt at using simulation modeling and analysis to explore potential options regarding the best way to deal with system of systems (SoS) problems in this case the illegal immigration process at the Southern Border. This research will try to use the different types of capabilities and resources made available by the federal government at the border, within budgetary constraints, to minimize the number of illegal immigrants gaining entry to the United States.

Imagination not exists in the domain of art and poetry but also in other domains. Scholars and pr... more Imagination not exists in the domain of art and poetry but also in other domains. Scholars and practitioners have discussed the nature, role and use of imagination within varieties of disciplines. In any organization we engage in, we have to think how we can bring creative ideas for improvement and development. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the role of imagination in Public Administration (PA) and System of Systems (SoS) domains. To support this purpose, we have structured the paper into four primary areas. First, the literature is reviewed to capture some perspectives in imagination for both domains. Second, some common themes of imagination have been identified to mark the landscape from imagination in PA and SoS. Third, some challenges are explored which restrict the advancement for imagination. Fourth, a structured framework is proposed to identify different dimensions to enhance imagination. The paper closes with some concluding thoughts on the framework and chal...

Administration &amp Society

Books, textbooks, journal articles and conference proceedings about research have flourished resu... more Books, textbooks, journal articles and conference proceedings about research have flourished resulting in the formation of multiple approaches to research design. Although multiple approaches are a powerful source in the development of research design, they can also be a source of confusion especially for new researchers and students. The purpose of this paper is to lessen the confusion and help new researchers gain a better understanding of these approaches. To achieve this purpose, we have constructed a comparison analysis study to examine the similarities and differences in the approaches used by Babbie (2009), O’Sullivan et al., (2007) and Creswell (2008), who have contributed most to the research design literature. Each scholar’s approach includes definitions and steps of research design, and the perspectives on research method and research methodology. In the analysis we found that there is some convergence as well as divergence in the approaches to research design. We conclud...

In this paper we try to articulate our perspective of designing monetary system for human value. ... more In this paper we try to articulate our perspective of designing monetary system for human value. We show that having a suitable monetary system for human risks is an efficient way to move the human life forward. In this paper we demonstrate that the problem in not the monetary value itself but rather how we can define decisions that adequately and fairly address the value of any human life. As we do in our personal life, we have to assess risks and their associated costs to decide if it is worth taking the risks or accepting the costs of eliminating such risks. A monetary value of a life enables us to make this decision on a rational and not on an emotional level. In this paper we presented that determining a monetary value for life is sometimes necessary. It has helped improve many aspects of our lives. Furthermore we discussed the importance and the influence of involving the monetary value of human life in the decision making process.

This paper provides insights about the behavior of chaotic complex systems, and the sensitive dep... more This paper provides insights about the behavior of chaotic complex systems, and the sensitive dependence of the system on the initial starting conditions. How much does a small change in the initial conditions of a complex system affect it in the long term? Do complex systems exhibit what is called the "Butterfly Effect"? This paper uses an agent-based modeling approach to address these questions. An existing model from NetLogo© library was extended in order to compare chaotic complex systems with near-identical initial conditions. Results show that small changes in initial starting conditions can have a huge impact on the behavior of chaotic complex systems.

Administrative Theory & Praxis

This essay is a reflection on the three authors’ collective PAT-Net experience. Their perspective... more This essay is a reflection on the three authors’ collective PAT-Net experience. Their perspective as Ph.D. students is unique in that they had to balance a plethora of diverse roles while involved in conference planning and preparing to be conference participants. The authors’ perspective is further enriched by the fact that they come from different, disjointed disciplines Perhaps most noteworthy in their combined conference experience was the presentation of the ideas of technicism and epistemic pluralism, which they recognized could be pertinent and useful in engaging a growing list of disciplines that share a common interest in contemporary governance.

International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, 2014

Interdependences between critical infrastructures are becoming increasingly apparent.

International Journal of System of Systems Engineering, 2014

The problems stemming from increasing complexity continue to confound our capabilities to deal wi... more The problems stemming from increasing complexity continue to confound our capabilities to deal with systems. In response, many large organisations seek to integrate their existing systems to work together to accomplish capabilities that cannot be achieved by the constituent systems. The integration of these systems is often referred to as a system of systems (SoS). While much has been written about SoS and their associated phenomena, we have not found sufficient exploration to answer some of our most basic questions: where did this concept came from? And when, or has, the peak of the SoS development movement been reached? To answer these questions, this paper has constructed a histogram analysis to trace the history of SoS from 1926-2011. Five hundred different sources have been included in the analysis in an attempt to give a glimpse into the development of the SoS field through the frequency of publications.

International Journal of Critical Infrastructures, 2012

Many of the current traditional system engineering (TSE) approaches for elicitation of requiremen... more Many of the current traditional system engineering (TSE) approaches for elicitation of requirements are insufficient when deployed in complex situations. TSE approach to requirement elicitation is based on assumption of stable environmental conditions. However, the elicitation of requirements for complex systems (i.e., interdependent critical infrastructures) requires innovative approaches that should go beyond technical aspects of a situation. Complex situations arise when multiple complex infrastructures interdependently interact to provide goods and services for public health and safety. The elicitation of requirements for such a system must consider the nature of system of interest, its environment and system observer. On this backdrop, this paper reviews complexity associated with attained requirements for complex infrastructures, failures and provides an overview of a proposed high-level framework for infrastructure requirement elicitation.

Operational Risk Management will focus on the management of operational risks using various tools... more Operational Risk Management will focus on the management of operational risks using various tools that highlight the systems approach. These tools and techniques are varied in application and use both quantitative and qualitative analysis, and combinations of deterministic and probabilistic approaches.

Requirements Engineering, 2014

The purpose of this paper is to present an alternative systems thinking-based perspective and app... more The purpose of this paper is to present an alternative systems thinking-based perspective and approach to the requirements elicitation process in complex situations. Three broad challenges associated with the requirements engineering elicitation in complex situations are explored, including the (1) role of the system observer, (2) nature of system requirements in complex situations, and (3) influence of the system environment. Authors have asserted that the expectation of unambiguous, consistent, complete, understandable, verifiable, traceable, and modifiable requirements is not consistent with complex situations. In contrast, complex situations are an emerging design reality for requirements engineering processes, marked by high levels of ambiguity, uncertainty, and emergence. This paper develops the argument that dealing with requirements for complex situations requires a change in paradigm. The elicitation of requirements for simple and technically driven systems is appropriately accomplished by proven methods. In contrast, the elicitation of requirements in complex situations (e.g., integrated multiple critical infrastructures, system-of-systems, etc.) requires more holistic thinking and can be enhanced by grounding in systems theory.

Administrative Theory & Praxis, 2012

Power and authority are two symbols that thrive despite the unsettled meaning of governance in re... more Power and authority are two symbols that thrive despite the unsettled meaning of governance in research and practice. The manner governance is evaluated reflects how both power and authority have partially or fully disintegrated. As a result of this diminishing influence of power and authority as perceived, a governance system is said to be limited in its capacity to influence or “steer” towards its specific standards, goals or desired outcomes. As a complete concept of governance has yet to emerge, traditional sources of power and authority symbols will always be at risk of falling short or even failing catastrophically. This poses a daunting challenge since the actual governance landscape have dynamically evolved far more sophisticatedly than the “control” models that are embedded within traditional domains of administrative, public administration and political theories. The purpose of this paper is to articulate an alternative analysis of governance-relevant themes based on syste...