Radha Raman Pal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Radha Raman Pal

Advances in Technology Innovation

This study introduces a third order filter and a third order oscillator configuration. Both the c... more This study introduces a third order filter and a third order oscillator configuration. Both the circuits use two voltage difference transconductance amplifiers (VDTAs) and three grounded capacitors. By selecting the input and output terminals properly, current mode and transimpedance mode low-pass and band-pass filters can be obtained without component matching conditions. The natural frequency (ω0) can be tuned electronically. The oscillator circuit provides voltage and current outputs explicitly. The condition of oscillation (CO) and the frequency of oscillation (FO) can be adjusted orthogonally and electronically. The workability of the configurations is judged using TSMC CMOS 0.18 μm technology parameter as well as commercially available LM13700 integrated circuits (ICs). The simulation results show that: for ±0.9V power supply, the power consumption is 1.08 mW for both the configurations, while total harmonic distortions (THDs) are less than 2.06% and 2.17% for the filter and o...

INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS: A STEP TOWARDS SMARTER ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING: Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Mechatronics, Electrical and Mechanical Power (IEMPOWER), 2021.

In this study, a series RL type and a parallel RL type floating inductance simulators (FISs) are ... more In this study, a series RL type and a parallel RL type floating inductance simulators (FISs) are proposed. Only one multiple-output current controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifier (MO-CCCCTA) and one grounded capacitor are sufficient to realize these simulators. Nevertheless, both the recommended FISs have a floating capacitor fit to be very effective in today's integrated circuit fabrication. The proposed inductance simulator circuits are resistorless and their parameters can be tuned electronically. Furthermore, the proposed simulators require no matching conditions. Non-ideal as well as parasitic analysis of the proposed circuits has been carried out to strengthen the design idea. The workability of the circuits is tested through the construction of a second order low pass filter using a series RL inductance simulator and a parallel resonant circuit using parallel RL inductance simulator. PSPICE simulations with 0.18 μm TSMC CMOS technology have also been included to confirm the performance of the proposed simulators.

International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation, 2021

In this contribution, nine new Grounded Inductance Simulators (GISs) using a single Multiple-Outp... more In this contribution, nine new Grounded Inductance Simulators (GISs) using a single Multiple-Output Current Controlled Current Conveyor Transconductance Amplifier (MO-CCCCTA) and one grounded capacitor are proposed. Among them, two are lossless types and seven are lossy types. The use of a single grounded capacitor makes the circuits suitable for fabrication. All the proposed circuits are electronically tunable through the bias currents of MO-CCCCTA. Furthermore, no component matching conditions are needed for realizing them. The designed circuits are verified through PSPICE simulator with ± 0.9 V power supply. The simulation results show that for all the proposed circuits: maximum operating frequencies are about 12 MHz, power dissipation is less than 0.784 mW, Total Harmonic Distortions (THDs) are under 8.09%, and maximum output voltage noise at 1 MHz frequency is 14.094 nV/√Hz. To exhibit the workability of the proposed circuits, they are used to design band-pass, low-pass filter,...

Uniform illumination is an essential optical requir ement for Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting... more Uniform illumination is an essential optical requir ement for Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting. This paper presents a simple, inexpensive designing procedure of efficient diffuser for uniform illumination of LED tube light . We demonstrate here some acid etched ordinary glass diffusers, and study the unif ormity and absorption coefficient of these diffusers to compare their performance with t ill date market available diffusers. To achieve this goal, model samples were prepared by e tching. Etched surfaces were observed by optical microscopy and scanning electro n microscopy (SEM). Surface morphology was used to examine the grains size of t he e ched surface of the tubes. Our investigation showed that grain size and absorption coefficient of the surface increased with the increase of the etching time. Uniformity o f the etched diffusers also increased with the increase of the etching time and reaches t o a certain optimum level with 16 minute etched tube. Absorption coefficient a...

International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation, 2021

The objective of this study is to present four new universal biquad filters, two voltage-mode mul... more The objective of this study is to present four new universal biquad filters, two voltage-mode multi-input-single-output (MISO), and two current-mode single-input-multi-output (SIMO). The filters employ one voltage differencing current conveyor (VDCC) as an active element and two capacitors along with two resistors as passive elements. All the five filter responses, i.e., high-pass, low-pass, band-pass, band-stop, and all-pass responses, are obtained from the same circuit topology. Moreover, the pole frequency and quality factor are independently tunable. Additionally, they do not require any double/inverted input signals for response realization. Furthermore, they enjoy low active and passive sensitivities. Various regular analyses support the design ideas. The functionality of the presented filters are tested by PSPICE simulations using TSMC 0.18 µm technology parameters with ± 0.9 V supply voltage. The circuits are also justified experimentally by creating the VDCC block using com...

Journal of Scientific Research, 2021

The authors introduce a new single current differencing buffered amplifier (CDBA) based inverse f... more The authors introduce a new single current differencing buffered amplifier (CDBA) based inverse filter configuration. By appropriate selection of admittances, different inverse filter circuits like inverse high-pass (IHP) circuit, inverse low-pass (ILP) circuit, inverse band-reject (IBR) circuit and inverse band-pass (IBP) circuit can be realized from the same configuration. The capacitors used here are grounded/virtually grounded for all the realizations. The performances of the proposed filters have been judged by using CMOS structure of CDBA with TSMC 0.35 µm technology as well as by using the available IC of current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) i.e. AD844 based CDBA. The simulation results agreed well with the theoretical results. Monte-Carlo simulation has also been performed to check the robustness of the proposed configuration.

Integration, 2021

Abstract Two new configurations of third-order dual-mode (i.e. both voltage and current mode) qua... more Abstract Two new configurations of third-order dual-mode (i.e. both voltage and current mode) quadrature sinusoidal oscillator using a newly reported active block, called the voltage differencing current conveyors (VDCC) have been presented in this manuscript. Both the proposed oscillators employ two VDCCs, three capacitors, and three resistors. The circuits are suitable for integrated circuit (IC) realization as all the passive components used in the circuits are grounded. In addition, the proposed configurations enjoy the following advantages: i) both the frequency of oscillation (FO) and the condition of oscillation (CO) are electronically tunable; ii) tuning of FO and CO are independent to each other; and iii) active and passive sensitivities are low. Non-ideal, parasitic and phase noise analysis of the circuits have been included to strengthen the design idea. PSPICE simulation results using TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology are given to verify the theoretical analysis. The operations of the proposed circuits are also verified experimentally wherein VDCC is realized using OPA860 ICs.

Chinese Journal of Electronics, 2020

This manuscript presents a new four-quadrant analog multiplier using a recently reported current ... more This manuscript presents a new four-quadrant analog multiplier using a recently reported current mode active building block, namely the Fully differential second generation current conveyor (FDCCII). The proposed circuit employs single FDCCII and two NMOSFETs only, thus has simple architecture. It is fully-integrable as no other external passive component has been used. Non-ideal behaviour of the reported configuration has been analysed considering current and voltage tracking errors of the FDCCII. Workability of the derived multiplier is verified with PSPICE (Cadence 16.6) simulations using model parameter of TSMC 0.35µm CMOS process and found to be in close agreement with theoretical anticipations. The static power consumption of the circuit is 0.107mW. The circuit works well with good linearity (nonlinearity error ≤ 0.96%) for the input voltage range of ±0.5V for a supply voltage of ±1V and the output is insensitive to temperature variation. Simulation results show that the-3dB bandwidth of the proposed multiplier is 20.67MHz and the output referred noise is less than 9nV/ √ Hz at 1kΩ load condition. Monte-Carlo analysis has also been performed for the proposed configuration. The applicability of the reported multiplier as amplitude modulator, squarer, and frequency doubler are also demonstrated.

AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 2018

This paper presents two new analog multipliers/dividers using a new universal active element, cal... more This paper presents two new analog multipliers/dividers using a new universal active element, called the current differencing buffered amplifier (CDBA). The reported circuits are suitable for monolithic chip realization for use in battery-powered, portable electronic equipments. The circuits can be used as a multiplier and divider without changing circuit topologies. The workability of the proposed configurations is tested through different applications with PSPICE simulations using TSMC 0.35 μm CMOS process parameters. The simulated results show that: for ± 2.5 V power supply, the total harmonic distortions are less than 3.1% and 2.25% for the first and second configuration respectively. It also shows that the − 3 dB bandwidths are 59.09 MHz and 68.55 MHz and static power dissipations are 0.28 mW and 0.23 mW respectively. The sensitivity of the output of the circuits is low with respect to temperature variations.

Lecture Notes on Photonics and Optoelectronics, 2013

This paper presents new realizations of second order voltage mode and current mode universal filt... more This paper presents new realizations of second order voltage mode and current mode universal filters based on a recently reported active element, called the differential voltage current controlled conveyor transconductance amplifier (DVCCCTA). The proposed circuits do not use external resistor. The filter circuits provide all the responses without changing the circuit topology. All the capacitors are virtually grounded. The use of grounded capacitors makes the circuit suitable for monolithic implementation. The pole frequency and quality factor can be adjusted independently with the input bias currents. The non-ideal analysis and the sensitivity analysis have been included. Both the active and passive sensitivities are not more than unity. The filter performances are verified using the PSpice simulations which agree well with theoretical value.  Index Terms-universal Filter, differential voltage current controlled conveyor transconductance amplifier (DVCCCTA), voltage mode, current mode.

Journal of Physical Sciences, 2011

... Samir Sahu, Radha Raman Pal and Shantanu Dhar 250 ... 6. Samanta, S. Mukhopadhyay, A method o... more ... Samir Sahu, Radha Raman Pal and Shantanu Dhar 250 ... 6. Samanta, S. Mukhopadhyay, A method of maintaining the intensity level of a polarization encoded light ... 7. KR Choudhury and S. Mukhopadhyay, Binary optical arithmetic operation scheme with tree architecture by ...

Atoms

The growing interest in atomic structures of moderately stripped alkali-like ions in the diagnost... more The growing interest in atomic structures of moderately stripped alkali-like ions in the diagnostic study and modeling of astrophysical and laboratory plasma makes an accurate many-body study of atomic properties inevitable. This work presents transition line parameters in the absence or presence of plasma atmosphere for astrophysically important candidates Ar7+, Kr7+, Xe7+, and Rn7+. We employ relativistic coupled-cluster (RCC) theory, a well-known correlation exhaustive method. In the case of a plasma environment, we use the Debye Model. Our calculations agree with experiments available in the literature for ionization potentials, transition strengths of allowed and forbidden selections, and lifetimes of several low-lying states. The unit ratios of length and velocity forms of transition matrix elements are the critical estimation of the accuracy of the transition data presented here, especially for a few presented for the first time in the literature. We do compare our findings w...

In this paper, a floating gate MOS (FGMOS) based current differencing buffer amplifier (CDBA) has... more In this paper, a floating gate MOS (FGMOS) based current differencing buffer amplifier (CDBA) has been presented. The proposed CDBA operates at low supply voltage of ± 1.25 V and consumes minimum power of 2.78 mW. The maximum linear range for the current differencing unit is approximately-700 µA to + 700 µA and for the voltage buffer unit it is ̶ 1.2 V to + 1 V. Additionally, a third-order low pass (LP) and band pass (BP) filter are reported as applications of this suggested CDBA block. The proposed filter circuits use single CDBA, three capacitors, four/three resistors for LP/BP response. All the circuits are simulated using PSPICE in TSMC 250 nm technology.

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2013

This paper presents new realizations of dual mode i.e. both voltage mode and current mode quadrat... more This paper presents new realizations of dual mode i.e. both voltage mode and current mode quadrature sinusoidal oscillators using a recently proposed current mode active building block (ABB), namely the current controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCCCTA). The proposed circuit employs single CCCCTA and four passive grounded elements. The proposed circuits offer two explicit quadrature voltage outputs and two quadrature current outputs. The tuning laws for the condition of oscillation (CO) and the frequency of oscillation (FO) are independently adjustable by the separate bias currents. Non–ideal analyses of the proposed circuits are provided. PSpice simulation results have been included that validate the workability of the proposed circuits.

All-optical T (Toggle) flip-flop with preset (PR) and clear (CLR) are basic building modules for ... more All-optical T (Toggle) flip-flop with preset (PR) and clear (CLR) are basic building modules for the development of ultra-high speed all optical binary counter. In this paper, a non-linear material based all- optical switching mechanism is utilized here to realize the all-optical T flip-flop with PR and CLR. A composite slab of linear medium (LM) and non-linear medium (NLM) is used to design the all-optical switch that exploit the attractive features of NLM. These all-optical T flip-flops can find application in the development of several complex all-optical circuits of enhanced performances. Here we demonstrate an all-optical binary 3-bit ripple counter which is nothing but the successive application of the flip flop. This circuit can elevate to a higher bit different counters. As this all optical circuits are purely all-optical in nature, these are very simple as well as very fast. Also the schemes have capacity of cascading.

This paper presents new realization of electronically tunable second order voltage-mode and curre... more This paper presents new realization of electronically tunable second order voltage-mode and current-mode universal filters using a recently reported active building block (ABB), namely the current controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCCCTA). The proposed circuits use single CCCCTA and two capacitors and do not use any external resistor. The circuits provide all the filter responses without changing the circuit topology. All capacitors are virtually grounded. The use of grounded capacitors makes the circuit favourable for monolithic implementation. The quality factor and pole frequency can be tuned independently via the bias currents. The non-ideal analysis and sensitivity analysis have been included. Both the active and passive sensitivities are not more than unity. The proposed circuits are designed in bipolar technology and the performances are verified through PSpice simulations. The results agree well with the theoretical anticipation. The power dissipation o...

In this paper we describe novel all-optical binary subtractors that demonstrate the ability of al... more In this paper we describe novel all-optical binary subtractors that demonstrate the ability of all-optical digital processing to perform subtraction operations with logic circuits in direct manner. All-optical switching mechanism is exploiting here to realize the all-optical binary subtractors. The all-optical switch by a composite slab of linear medium and non-linear medium is the building block of our proposed subtraction circuits. An all-optical half-subtractor which is followed by a full-subtractor has been developed. These circuits are simple and all-optical in nature. It can also gear up to the highest capability of optical performance in high-speed all-optical computing system.

Trends in Sciences

This work provides new designs of simple current-mode squaring and square-rooting circuits using ... more This work provides new designs of simple current-mode squaring and square-rooting circuits using multiple-output current controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifier (MO-CCCCTA) as an active building block. Since the proposed circuits need no other external components, they are capable of high-frequency operation and well fitted for IC fabrication. Furthermore, they are insensitive to ambient temperature and their gains can be controlled easily by adjusting the bias currents of MO-CCCCTA. Additionally, the effects of MO-CCCCTA non-idealities on the designed circuits have also been investigated and discussed. Simulation results generated through PSPICE software using TSMC 0.18 µm CMOS process parameters have been presented to justify the theoretical analysis. The static power consumption, bandwidth, and maximum linearity error in dc transfer characteristic measurement for the square-rooting circuit are found to be 0.17 mW, 445.63 MHz and 1.12 %, while for the squaring circu...

International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation, 2021

In this contribution, nine new Grounded Inductance Simulators (GISs) using a single Multiple-Outp... more In this contribution, nine new Grounded Inductance Simulators (GISs) using a single Multiple-Output Current Controlled Current Conveyor Transconductance Amplifier (MO-CCCCTA) and one grounded capacitor are proposed. Among them, two are lossless types and seven are lossy types. The use of a single grounded capacitor makes the circuits suitable for fabrication. All the proposed circuits are electronically tunable through the bias currents of MO-CCCCTA. Furthermore, no component matching conditions are needed for realizing them. The designed circuits are verified through PSPICE simulator with ± 0.9 V power supply. The simulation results show that for all the proposed circuits: maximum operating frequencies are about 12 MHz, power dissipation is less than 0.784 mW, Total Harmonic Distortions (THDs) are under 8.09%, and maximum output voltage noise at 1 MHz frequency is 14.094 nV/√Hz. To exhibit the workability of the proposed circuits, they are used to design band-pass, low-pass filter,...

Uniform illumination is an essential optical requirement for Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting.... more Uniform illumination is an essential optical requirement for Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting. This paper presents a simple, inexpensive designing procedure of efficient diffuser for uniform illumination of LED tube light. We demonstrate here some acid etched ordinary glass diffusers, and study the uniformity and absorption coefficient of these diffusers to compare their performance with till date market available diffusers. To achieve this goal, model samples were prepared by etching. Etched surfaces were observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Surface morphology was used to examine the grains size of the etched surface of the tubes. Our investigation showed that grain size and absorption coefficient of the surface increased with the increase of the etching time. Uniformity of the etched diffusers also increased with the increase of the etching time and reaches to a certain optimum level with 16 minute etched tube. Absorption coefficient at this le...

Advances in Technology Innovation

This study introduces a third order filter and a third order oscillator configuration. Both the c... more This study introduces a third order filter and a third order oscillator configuration. Both the circuits use two voltage difference transconductance amplifiers (VDTAs) and three grounded capacitors. By selecting the input and output terminals properly, current mode and transimpedance mode low-pass and band-pass filters can be obtained without component matching conditions. The natural frequency (ω0) can be tuned electronically. The oscillator circuit provides voltage and current outputs explicitly. The condition of oscillation (CO) and the frequency of oscillation (FO) can be adjusted orthogonally and electronically. The workability of the configurations is judged using TSMC CMOS 0.18 μm technology parameter as well as commercially available LM13700 integrated circuits (ICs). The simulation results show that: for ±0.9V power supply, the power consumption is 1.08 mW for both the configurations, while total harmonic distortions (THDs) are less than 2.06% and 2.17% for the filter and o...

INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS: A STEP TOWARDS SMARTER ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING: Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Mechatronics, Electrical and Mechanical Power (IEMPOWER), 2021.

In this study, a series RL type and a parallel RL type floating inductance simulators (FISs) are ... more In this study, a series RL type and a parallel RL type floating inductance simulators (FISs) are proposed. Only one multiple-output current controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifier (MO-CCCCTA) and one grounded capacitor are sufficient to realize these simulators. Nevertheless, both the recommended FISs have a floating capacitor fit to be very effective in today's integrated circuit fabrication. The proposed inductance simulator circuits are resistorless and their parameters can be tuned electronically. Furthermore, the proposed simulators require no matching conditions. Non-ideal as well as parasitic analysis of the proposed circuits has been carried out to strengthen the design idea. The workability of the circuits is tested through the construction of a second order low pass filter using a series RL inductance simulator and a parallel resonant circuit using parallel RL inductance simulator. PSPICE simulations with 0.18 μm TSMC CMOS technology have also been included to confirm the performance of the proposed simulators.

International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation, 2021

In this contribution, nine new Grounded Inductance Simulators (GISs) using a single Multiple-Outp... more In this contribution, nine new Grounded Inductance Simulators (GISs) using a single Multiple-Output Current Controlled Current Conveyor Transconductance Amplifier (MO-CCCCTA) and one grounded capacitor are proposed. Among them, two are lossless types and seven are lossy types. The use of a single grounded capacitor makes the circuits suitable for fabrication. All the proposed circuits are electronically tunable through the bias currents of MO-CCCCTA. Furthermore, no component matching conditions are needed for realizing them. The designed circuits are verified through PSPICE simulator with ± 0.9 V power supply. The simulation results show that for all the proposed circuits: maximum operating frequencies are about 12 MHz, power dissipation is less than 0.784 mW, Total Harmonic Distortions (THDs) are under 8.09%, and maximum output voltage noise at 1 MHz frequency is 14.094 nV/√Hz. To exhibit the workability of the proposed circuits, they are used to design band-pass, low-pass filter,...

Uniform illumination is an essential optical requir ement for Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting... more Uniform illumination is an essential optical requir ement for Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting. This paper presents a simple, inexpensive designing procedure of efficient diffuser for uniform illumination of LED tube light . We demonstrate here some acid etched ordinary glass diffusers, and study the unif ormity and absorption coefficient of these diffusers to compare their performance with t ill date market available diffusers. To achieve this goal, model samples were prepared by e tching. Etched surfaces were observed by optical microscopy and scanning electro n microscopy (SEM). Surface morphology was used to examine the grains size of t he e ched surface of the tubes. Our investigation showed that grain size and absorption coefficient of the surface increased with the increase of the etching time. Uniformity o f the etched diffusers also increased with the increase of the etching time and reaches t o a certain optimum level with 16 minute etched tube. Absorption coefficient a...

International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation, 2021

The objective of this study is to present four new universal biquad filters, two voltage-mode mul... more The objective of this study is to present four new universal biquad filters, two voltage-mode multi-input-single-output (MISO), and two current-mode single-input-multi-output (SIMO). The filters employ one voltage differencing current conveyor (VDCC) as an active element and two capacitors along with two resistors as passive elements. All the five filter responses, i.e., high-pass, low-pass, band-pass, band-stop, and all-pass responses, are obtained from the same circuit topology. Moreover, the pole frequency and quality factor are independently tunable. Additionally, they do not require any double/inverted input signals for response realization. Furthermore, they enjoy low active and passive sensitivities. Various regular analyses support the design ideas. The functionality of the presented filters are tested by PSPICE simulations using TSMC 0.18 µm technology parameters with ± 0.9 V supply voltage. The circuits are also justified experimentally by creating the VDCC block using com...

Journal of Scientific Research, 2021

The authors introduce a new single current differencing buffered amplifier (CDBA) based inverse f... more The authors introduce a new single current differencing buffered amplifier (CDBA) based inverse filter configuration. By appropriate selection of admittances, different inverse filter circuits like inverse high-pass (IHP) circuit, inverse low-pass (ILP) circuit, inverse band-reject (IBR) circuit and inverse band-pass (IBP) circuit can be realized from the same configuration. The capacitors used here are grounded/virtually grounded for all the realizations. The performances of the proposed filters have been judged by using CMOS structure of CDBA with TSMC 0.35 µm technology as well as by using the available IC of current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) i.e. AD844 based CDBA. The simulation results agreed well with the theoretical results. Monte-Carlo simulation has also been performed to check the robustness of the proposed configuration.

Integration, 2021

Abstract Two new configurations of third-order dual-mode (i.e. both voltage and current mode) qua... more Abstract Two new configurations of third-order dual-mode (i.e. both voltage and current mode) quadrature sinusoidal oscillator using a newly reported active block, called the voltage differencing current conveyors (VDCC) have been presented in this manuscript. Both the proposed oscillators employ two VDCCs, three capacitors, and three resistors. The circuits are suitable for integrated circuit (IC) realization as all the passive components used in the circuits are grounded. In addition, the proposed configurations enjoy the following advantages: i) both the frequency of oscillation (FO) and the condition of oscillation (CO) are electronically tunable; ii) tuning of FO and CO are independent to each other; and iii) active and passive sensitivities are low. Non-ideal, parasitic and phase noise analysis of the circuits have been included to strengthen the design idea. PSPICE simulation results using TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology are given to verify the theoretical analysis. The operations of the proposed circuits are also verified experimentally wherein VDCC is realized using OPA860 ICs.

Chinese Journal of Electronics, 2020

This manuscript presents a new four-quadrant analog multiplier using a recently reported current ... more This manuscript presents a new four-quadrant analog multiplier using a recently reported current mode active building block, namely the Fully differential second generation current conveyor (FDCCII). The proposed circuit employs single FDCCII and two NMOSFETs only, thus has simple architecture. It is fully-integrable as no other external passive component has been used. Non-ideal behaviour of the reported configuration has been analysed considering current and voltage tracking errors of the FDCCII. Workability of the derived multiplier is verified with PSPICE (Cadence 16.6) simulations using model parameter of TSMC 0.35µm CMOS process and found to be in close agreement with theoretical anticipations. The static power consumption of the circuit is 0.107mW. The circuit works well with good linearity (nonlinearity error ≤ 0.96%) for the input voltage range of ±0.5V for a supply voltage of ±1V and the output is insensitive to temperature variation. Simulation results show that the-3dB bandwidth of the proposed multiplier is 20.67MHz and the output referred noise is less than 9nV/ √ Hz at 1kΩ load condition. Monte-Carlo analysis has also been performed for the proposed configuration. The applicability of the reported multiplier as amplitude modulator, squarer, and frequency doubler are also demonstrated.

AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 2018

This paper presents two new analog multipliers/dividers using a new universal active element, cal... more This paper presents two new analog multipliers/dividers using a new universal active element, called the current differencing buffered amplifier (CDBA). The reported circuits are suitable for monolithic chip realization for use in battery-powered, portable electronic equipments. The circuits can be used as a multiplier and divider without changing circuit topologies. The workability of the proposed configurations is tested through different applications with PSPICE simulations using TSMC 0.35 μm CMOS process parameters. The simulated results show that: for ± 2.5 V power supply, the total harmonic distortions are less than 3.1% and 2.25% for the first and second configuration respectively. It also shows that the − 3 dB bandwidths are 59.09 MHz and 68.55 MHz and static power dissipations are 0.28 mW and 0.23 mW respectively. The sensitivity of the output of the circuits is low with respect to temperature variations.

Lecture Notes on Photonics and Optoelectronics, 2013

This paper presents new realizations of second order voltage mode and current mode universal filt... more This paper presents new realizations of second order voltage mode and current mode universal filters based on a recently reported active element, called the differential voltage current controlled conveyor transconductance amplifier (DVCCCTA). The proposed circuits do not use external resistor. The filter circuits provide all the responses without changing the circuit topology. All the capacitors are virtually grounded. The use of grounded capacitors makes the circuit suitable for monolithic implementation. The pole frequency and quality factor can be adjusted independently with the input bias currents. The non-ideal analysis and the sensitivity analysis have been included. Both the active and passive sensitivities are not more than unity. The filter performances are verified using the PSpice simulations which agree well with theoretical value.  Index Terms-universal Filter, differential voltage current controlled conveyor transconductance amplifier (DVCCCTA), voltage mode, current mode.

Journal of Physical Sciences, 2011

... Samir Sahu, Radha Raman Pal and Shantanu Dhar 250 ... 6. Samanta, S. Mukhopadhyay, A method o... more ... Samir Sahu, Radha Raman Pal and Shantanu Dhar 250 ... 6. Samanta, S. Mukhopadhyay, A method of maintaining the intensity level of a polarization encoded light ... 7. KR Choudhury and S. Mukhopadhyay, Binary optical arithmetic operation scheme with tree architecture by ...

Atoms

The growing interest in atomic structures of moderately stripped alkali-like ions in the diagnost... more The growing interest in atomic structures of moderately stripped alkali-like ions in the diagnostic study and modeling of astrophysical and laboratory plasma makes an accurate many-body study of atomic properties inevitable. This work presents transition line parameters in the absence or presence of plasma atmosphere for astrophysically important candidates Ar7+, Kr7+, Xe7+, and Rn7+. We employ relativistic coupled-cluster (RCC) theory, a well-known correlation exhaustive method. In the case of a plasma environment, we use the Debye Model. Our calculations agree with experiments available in the literature for ionization potentials, transition strengths of allowed and forbidden selections, and lifetimes of several low-lying states. The unit ratios of length and velocity forms of transition matrix elements are the critical estimation of the accuracy of the transition data presented here, especially for a few presented for the first time in the literature. We do compare our findings w...

In this paper, a floating gate MOS (FGMOS) based current differencing buffer amplifier (CDBA) has... more In this paper, a floating gate MOS (FGMOS) based current differencing buffer amplifier (CDBA) has been presented. The proposed CDBA operates at low supply voltage of ± 1.25 V and consumes minimum power of 2.78 mW. The maximum linear range for the current differencing unit is approximately-700 µA to + 700 µA and for the voltage buffer unit it is ̶ 1.2 V to + 1 V. Additionally, a third-order low pass (LP) and band pass (BP) filter are reported as applications of this suggested CDBA block. The proposed filter circuits use single CDBA, three capacitors, four/three resistors for LP/BP response. All the circuits are simulated using PSPICE in TSMC 250 nm technology.

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2013

This paper presents new realizations of dual mode i.e. both voltage mode and current mode quadrat... more This paper presents new realizations of dual mode i.e. both voltage mode and current mode quadrature sinusoidal oscillators using a recently proposed current mode active building block (ABB), namely the current controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCCCTA). The proposed circuit employs single CCCCTA and four passive grounded elements. The proposed circuits offer two explicit quadrature voltage outputs and two quadrature current outputs. The tuning laws for the condition of oscillation (CO) and the frequency of oscillation (FO) are independently adjustable by the separate bias currents. Non–ideal analyses of the proposed circuits are provided. PSpice simulation results have been included that validate the workability of the proposed circuits.

All-optical T (Toggle) flip-flop with preset (PR) and clear (CLR) are basic building modules for ... more All-optical T (Toggle) flip-flop with preset (PR) and clear (CLR) are basic building modules for the development of ultra-high speed all optical binary counter. In this paper, a non-linear material based all- optical switching mechanism is utilized here to realize the all-optical T flip-flop with PR and CLR. A composite slab of linear medium (LM) and non-linear medium (NLM) is used to design the all-optical switch that exploit the attractive features of NLM. These all-optical T flip-flops can find application in the development of several complex all-optical circuits of enhanced performances. Here we demonstrate an all-optical binary 3-bit ripple counter which is nothing but the successive application of the flip flop. This circuit can elevate to a higher bit different counters. As this all optical circuits are purely all-optical in nature, these are very simple as well as very fast. Also the schemes have capacity of cascading.

This paper presents new realization of electronically tunable second order voltage-mode and curre... more This paper presents new realization of electronically tunable second order voltage-mode and current-mode universal filters using a recently reported active building block (ABB), namely the current controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCCCTA). The proposed circuits use single CCCCTA and two capacitors and do not use any external resistor. The circuits provide all the filter responses without changing the circuit topology. All capacitors are virtually grounded. The use of grounded capacitors makes the circuit favourable for monolithic implementation. The quality factor and pole frequency can be tuned independently via the bias currents. The non-ideal analysis and sensitivity analysis have been included. Both the active and passive sensitivities are not more than unity. The proposed circuits are designed in bipolar technology and the performances are verified through PSpice simulations. The results agree well with the theoretical anticipation. The power dissipation o...

In this paper we describe novel all-optical binary subtractors that demonstrate the ability of al... more In this paper we describe novel all-optical binary subtractors that demonstrate the ability of all-optical digital processing to perform subtraction operations with logic circuits in direct manner. All-optical switching mechanism is exploiting here to realize the all-optical binary subtractors. The all-optical switch by a composite slab of linear medium and non-linear medium is the building block of our proposed subtraction circuits. An all-optical half-subtractor which is followed by a full-subtractor has been developed. These circuits are simple and all-optical in nature. It can also gear up to the highest capability of optical performance in high-speed all-optical computing system.

Trends in Sciences

This work provides new designs of simple current-mode squaring and square-rooting circuits using ... more This work provides new designs of simple current-mode squaring and square-rooting circuits using multiple-output current controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifier (MO-CCCCTA) as an active building block. Since the proposed circuits need no other external components, they are capable of high-frequency operation and well fitted for IC fabrication. Furthermore, they are insensitive to ambient temperature and their gains can be controlled easily by adjusting the bias currents of MO-CCCCTA. Additionally, the effects of MO-CCCCTA non-idealities on the designed circuits have also been investigated and discussed. Simulation results generated through PSPICE software using TSMC 0.18 µm CMOS process parameters have been presented to justify the theoretical analysis. The static power consumption, bandwidth, and maximum linearity error in dc transfer characteristic measurement for the square-rooting circuit are found to be 0.17 mW, 445.63 MHz and 1.12 %, while for the squaring circu...

International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation, 2021

In this contribution, nine new Grounded Inductance Simulators (GISs) using a single Multiple-Outp... more In this contribution, nine new Grounded Inductance Simulators (GISs) using a single Multiple-Output Current Controlled Current Conveyor Transconductance Amplifier (MO-CCCCTA) and one grounded capacitor are proposed. Among them, two are lossless types and seven are lossy types. The use of a single grounded capacitor makes the circuits suitable for fabrication. All the proposed circuits are electronically tunable through the bias currents of MO-CCCCTA. Furthermore, no component matching conditions are needed for realizing them. The designed circuits are verified through PSPICE simulator with ± 0.9 V power supply. The simulation results show that for all the proposed circuits: maximum operating frequencies are about 12 MHz, power dissipation is less than 0.784 mW, Total Harmonic Distortions (THDs) are under 8.09%, and maximum output voltage noise at 1 MHz frequency is 14.094 nV/√Hz. To exhibit the workability of the proposed circuits, they are used to design band-pass, low-pass filter,...

Uniform illumination is an essential optical requirement for Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting.... more Uniform illumination is an essential optical requirement for Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting. This paper presents a simple, inexpensive designing procedure of efficient diffuser for uniform illumination of LED tube light. We demonstrate here some acid etched ordinary glass diffusers, and study the uniformity and absorption coefficient of these diffusers to compare their performance with till date market available diffusers. To achieve this goal, model samples were prepared by etching. Etched surfaces were observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Surface morphology was used to examine the grains size of the etched surface of the tubes. Our investigation showed that grain size and absorption coefficient of the surface increased with the increase of the etching time. Uniformity of the etched diffusers also increased with the increase of the etching time and reaches to a certain optimum level with 16 minute etched tube. Absorption coefficient at this le...