Radmila Prislin - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Radmila Prislin
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): physicians, knowledge, attitudes, practice, immunization (Am J P... more Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): physicians, knowledge, attitudes, practice, immunization (Am J Prev Med 1999;17(2):151-152)
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): physicians, knowledge, attitudes, practice, immunization (Am J P... more Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): physicians, knowledge, attitudes, practice, immunization (Am J Prev Med 1999;17(2):151-152)
Background: The goal of this pilot study was to correlate missed opportunities to immunize young ... more Background: The goal of this pilot study was to correlate missed opportunities to immunize young children with providers' psychosocial characteristics and self-reported immunization practices.
This experiment examined the reasoning process by which novel attitudes are deduced from existing... more This experiment examined the reasoning process by which novel attitudes are deduced from existing evaluations. Participants deduced an attitude toward a specific news item (concerning penal reform or sex discrimination) from existing attitudes on more general issues (capital punishment or equal rights for women and men, respectively) by spontaneously accessing the general attitude and generating thoughts about the news items
Numerical minorities can become numerically superior (new) majorities by gaining support from the... more Numerical minorities can become numerically superior (new) majorities by gaining support from their opponents. In the aftermath of such change, new majorities express unfavorable reactions to the group in which they gained the preferred majority position (Prislin et al., 2000). New majorities need reassurance that conversion to their position is authentic in order to strengthen their identification with the group (Prislin et al., 2005). Otherwise, their low sense of control may lead to increased levels of aggression (Warburton et al, 2006). Tendencies to abuse power may increase in the presence of group support for the abuse (Insko et al., 1988). Thus, it was hypothesized that new majorities with low (vs. high) control would discriminate more against new minorities, especially in the presence of group support for discrimination. To test the hypothesis, participants in a mock political campaign attempted to persuade five voters (confederates) on a current social issue. Participants w...
Personality & social psychology bulletin, 2005
Two studies examined immediate (Study 1) and long-term (Study 2) behavioral consequences of previ... more Two studies examined immediate (Study 1) and long-term (Study 2) behavioral consequences of previously documented asymmetries in cognitive and evaluative reactions to change in majority and minority positions within a group. Study 1 found an overall decrease in preferences for group membership immediately following change, which was preceded by decategorization and devaluation of the group in response to loss, together with lack of categorization and positive evaluation in response to gain of the majority position. Study 2 found a gradual increase in preference to stay with (vs. exit) the group among former minorities with prolonged interactions that confirmed their gained majority position. A gradual increase in preference for group membership was paralleled with gradual increases in perception of both inclusion within and differentiation from the group.
Journal of community health, 2003
This was a prospective randomized cohort study to assess the effectiveness of an educational immu... more This was a prospective randomized cohort study to assess the effectiveness of an educational immunization intervention with pregnant Latinas on timely initiation of infant immunization. Study participants were recruited from two community clinics in north San Diego County. A total of three hundred and fifty-two Latinas in the third trimester of pregnancy were recruited and randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. Participants received either a culturally and linguistically appropriate session on infant immunization (intervention) or a session on prevention of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (control). The main outcome measures were pre-post immunization knowledge change and infant immunization status at 92 days. Immunization knowledge increased significantly in the intervention group [p < .0001, 95%CI (1.76, 2.47)]. No difference was found between groups in immunization series initiation: 95 percent of the children in the intervention group were up-to-date by 92 days fro...
Preventive Medicine, 2002
Background. The purpose of the study was to compare immunization-relevant knowledge, certainty ab... more Background. The purpose of the study was to compare immunization-relevant knowledge, certainty about knowledge, self-efficacy, vested interest, and reported practices of providers and clinical staff in the same clinics.Methods. A valid and reliable instrument measuring the aforementioned issues was developed and administered to a sample of 50 providers and 60 members of the clinical staff.Results. Providers were significantly more knowledgeable
Social Science & Medicine, 1998
AbstractÐThe study examined the relationship between the acculturation of Mexican American mother... more AbstractÐThe study examined the relationship between the acculturation of Mexican American mothers in Texas and immunization status of their children between 3 and 24 months of age. Mothers' acculturation, demographic characteristics, and immunization status of their children were assessed in in-person interviews with a sample of Mexican American respondents representative for Texas (n = 2193). Acculturation was measured with ten scales assessing oral and written language use, pro®ciency, and preference, music and TV viewing preferences, ethnic identity, place where a person was reared, and contacts with Mexico. Immunization status, de®ned according to the recommendation of the CDC Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, was determined from ocial shot records obtained directly from respondents or, for respondents without records, obtained from their health care providers. Regression analysis revealed that acculturation signi®cantly contributed to inadequate immunization status, even when socioeconomic status and other demographic covariates of acculturation were statistically controlled. Mediational analysis revealed that acculturation contributed to inadequate immunization through less positive attitudes toward immunization, a diminished sense of parental responsibility for children's immunization, and more perceived barriers to immunization. It is concluded that culture-speci®c beliefs encouraging childhood immunization should be fostered among Mexican Americans. #
Social Science & Medicine, 2006
Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2011
In two studies, a persuader attempted to influence multiple targets (confederates) to take his or... more In two studies, a persuader attempted to influence multiple targets (confederates) to take his or her position on an important social issue. As the persuader advocated his or her position, targets initially provided positive (negative) feedback that placed the persuader in the majority (minority). Subsequent feedback on the persuader's continuing advocacy either kept initially established status stable or reversed it (majority $ minority). Initial status and its stability interacted to affect persuaders' certainty, which in turn affected persuaders' efficacy assessed by coding persuaders' videotaped nonverbal behavior and strength of advocacy, respectively (Study 1). Coding and an independent audience's reactions to persuasive ''blogs'' created by persuaders whose initial status was kept (un)stable replicated the persuasive efficacy findings (Study 2). Thus, persuaders' ability to produce cogent messages is affected by the social context in which they operate.
Social Influence, 2011
Skip to content. Taylor &amp; Francis Online: Librarians; Authors &amp; Editors; ... more Skip to content. Taylor &amp; Francis Online: Librarians; Authors &amp; Editors; Societies. Register; Sign in; Mobile. Home; Browse; Products; Redeem a voucher; Shortlist; Shopping Cart Cart. The online platform for Taylor &amp; Francis Group content. Search. Advanced Search Within current journal Entire site. Home &gt; List of Issues &gt; Table of Contents &gt; Social Influence Volume 6, 2011, List of Reviewers. Browse journal. View all volumes and issues. Current issue. Forthcoming articles. Most read articles. Most cited articles. Authors and submissions. Instructions for ...
Sex Roles, 2013
Interventions designed to combat the negative effects of stereotype threat have primarily taken a... more Interventions designed to combat the negative effects of stereotype threat have primarily taken an individual-based approach. The current study sought to expand upon these strategies by taking a group-based approach to reduce stereotype threat effects. Specifically, we investigated whether the success and numerical representation of women in STEM positively impacts women's math performance and affective reactions. We hypothesized that 1) women under threat (control) would perform worse than men; 2) there would be a larger performance difference for women than men when exposed to the success and balanced representation of women in STEM compared to the control condition; 3) there would be a larger performance difference for women than men between the balanced condition and the unbalanced condition where women are portrayed as successful, but not equally represented in STEM. For this study, male (n056) and female (n066) U.S. undergraduates from a large southern California state university read information about women's success and representation in STEM (or no information), completed a math exam under stereotype threat conditions, and then expressed their threat-based concerns. Results revealed that women performed worse than men in the control condition. Women in the balanced condition performed better than women in the control and unbalanced conditions. Men's performance was unaffected by the balance or imbalance of women in STEM. Women's affective reactions largely mirrored the performance results. This study provides compelling evidence for using a group-based approach highlighting women's advances in STEM to alleviate stereotype threat.
Preventive Medicine, 2002
Background: The goal of this pilot study was to correlate missed opportunities to immunize young ... more Background: The goal of this pilot study was to correlate missed opportunities to immunize young children with providers' psychosocial characteristics and self-reported immunization practices.
The Journal of Social Psychology, 2012
This study examined the effects of social consensus and social status on attitude certainty that ... more This study examined the effects of social consensus and social status on attitude certainty that is conceptualized multi-dimensionally as perceived clarity and correctness of one's attitude. In a mock opinion exchange about a social issue, participants 10 were either supported (high consensus) or opposed (low consensus) by most of the confederates. They were informed that their opinion (high status) or their opponents' opinion (low status) had the alleged psychological significance indicative of future success. Post-experimental attitude clarity was significantly greater when attitudinal position was associated with high rather than low status. Attitude correctness was interactively affected 15 by social status and social consensus. Supporting the compensatory effect hypothesis, attitude correctness was comparable across the levels of social consensus as long as they were associated with high status, and across the levels of social status as long as they were associated with high social consensus.
Journal of Social Issues, 2009
Establishing fair procedures to regulate intragroup disagreements should engender cooperation whi... more Establishing fair procedures to regulate intragroup disagreements should engender cooperation while inhibiting conflict. Yet what is a "fair" procedure might vary for members of different factions. To understand perceptions of fairness in group decision making, the present research developed and utilized the Fair Group Procedures Scale (FGPS). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a four-factor structure along two dimensions: the means of distributing decision-making power (proportionality to equality) and the normative value of the approach (desirable to undesirable). Data suggest that deeming a particular decision-making procedure "fair" is predicted by one's majority/minority position within a group. Furthermore, experimental data suggest that social change (i.e., reversals of majority/minority positions) reduces the discrepancies between factions. Results support the socially constructed nature of fairness and its potential role in intragroup conflict.
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): physicians, knowledge, attitudes, practice, immunization (Am J P... more Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): physicians, knowledge, attitudes, practice, immunization (Am J Prev Med 1999;17(2):151-152)
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): physicians, knowledge, attitudes, practice, immunization (Am J P... more Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): physicians, knowledge, attitudes, practice, immunization (Am J Prev Med 1999;17(2):151-152)
Background: The goal of this pilot study was to correlate missed opportunities to immunize young ... more Background: The goal of this pilot study was to correlate missed opportunities to immunize young children with providers' psychosocial characteristics and self-reported immunization practices.
This experiment examined the reasoning process by which novel attitudes are deduced from existing... more This experiment examined the reasoning process by which novel attitudes are deduced from existing evaluations. Participants deduced an attitude toward a specific news item (concerning penal reform or sex discrimination) from existing attitudes on more general issues (capital punishment or equal rights for women and men, respectively) by spontaneously accessing the general attitude and generating thoughts about the news items
Numerical minorities can become numerically superior (new) majorities by gaining support from the... more Numerical minorities can become numerically superior (new) majorities by gaining support from their opponents. In the aftermath of such change, new majorities express unfavorable reactions to the group in which they gained the preferred majority position (Prislin et al., 2000). New majorities need reassurance that conversion to their position is authentic in order to strengthen their identification with the group (Prislin et al., 2005). Otherwise, their low sense of control may lead to increased levels of aggression (Warburton et al, 2006). Tendencies to abuse power may increase in the presence of group support for the abuse (Insko et al., 1988). Thus, it was hypothesized that new majorities with low (vs. high) control would discriminate more against new minorities, especially in the presence of group support for discrimination. To test the hypothesis, participants in a mock political campaign attempted to persuade five voters (confederates) on a current social issue. Participants w...
Personality & social psychology bulletin, 2005
Two studies examined immediate (Study 1) and long-term (Study 2) behavioral consequences of previ... more Two studies examined immediate (Study 1) and long-term (Study 2) behavioral consequences of previously documented asymmetries in cognitive and evaluative reactions to change in majority and minority positions within a group. Study 1 found an overall decrease in preferences for group membership immediately following change, which was preceded by decategorization and devaluation of the group in response to loss, together with lack of categorization and positive evaluation in response to gain of the majority position. Study 2 found a gradual increase in preference to stay with (vs. exit) the group among former minorities with prolonged interactions that confirmed their gained majority position. A gradual increase in preference for group membership was paralleled with gradual increases in perception of both inclusion within and differentiation from the group.
Journal of community health, 2003
This was a prospective randomized cohort study to assess the effectiveness of an educational immu... more This was a prospective randomized cohort study to assess the effectiveness of an educational immunization intervention with pregnant Latinas on timely initiation of infant immunization. Study participants were recruited from two community clinics in north San Diego County. A total of three hundred and fifty-two Latinas in the third trimester of pregnancy were recruited and randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. Participants received either a culturally and linguistically appropriate session on infant immunization (intervention) or a session on prevention of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (control). The main outcome measures were pre-post immunization knowledge change and infant immunization status at 92 days. Immunization knowledge increased significantly in the intervention group [p < .0001, 95%CI (1.76, 2.47)]. No difference was found between groups in immunization series initiation: 95 percent of the children in the intervention group were up-to-date by 92 days fro...
Preventive Medicine, 2002
Background. The purpose of the study was to compare immunization-relevant knowledge, certainty ab... more Background. The purpose of the study was to compare immunization-relevant knowledge, certainty about knowledge, self-efficacy, vested interest, and reported practices of providers and clinical staff in the same clinics.Methods. A valid and reliable instrument measuring the aforementioned issues was developed and administered to a sample of 50 providers and 60 members of the clinical staff.Results. Providers were significantly more knowledgeable
Social Science & Medicine, 1998
AbstractÐThe study examined the relationship between the acculturation of Mexican American mother... more AbstractÐThe study examined the relationship between the acculturation of Mexican American mothers in Texas and immunization status of their children between 3 and 24 months of age. Mothers' acculturation, demographic characteristics, and immunization status of their children were assessed in in-person interviews with a sample of Mexican American respondents representative for Texas (n = 2193). Acculturation was measured with ten scales assessing oral and written language use, pro®ciency, and preference, music and TV viewing preferences, ethnic identity, place where a person was reared, and contacts with Mexico. Immunization status, de®ned according to the recommendation of the CDC Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, was determined from ocial shot records obtained directly from respondents or, for respondents without records, obtained from their health care providers. Regression analysis revealed that acculturation signi®cantly contributed to inadequate immunization status, even when socioeconomic status and other demographic covariates of acculturation were statistically controlled. Mediational analysis revealed that acculturation contributed to inadequate immunization through less positive attitudes toward immunization, a diminished sense of parental responsibility for children's immunization, and more perceived barriers to immunization. It is concluded that culture-speci®c beliefs encouraging childhood immunization should be fostered among Mexican Americans. #
Social Science & Medicine, 2006
Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2011
In two studies, a persuader attempted to influence multiple targets (confederates) to take his or... more In two studies, a persuader attempted to influence multiple targets (confederates) to take his or her position on an important social issue. As the persuader advocated his or her position, targets initially provided positive (negative) feedback that placed the persuader in the majority (minority). Subsequent feedback on the persuader's continuing advocacy either kept initially established status stable or reversed it (majority $ minority). Initial status and its stability interacted to affect persuaders' certainty, which in turn affected persuaders' efficacy assessed by coding persuaders' videotaped nonverbal behavior and strength of advocacy, respectively (Study 1). Coding and an independent audience's reactions to persuasive ''blogs'' created by persuaders whose initial status was kept (un)stable replicated the persuasive efficacy findings (Study 2). Thus, persuaders' ability to produce cogent messages is affected by the social context in which they operate.
Social Influence, 2011
Skip to content. Taylor &amp; Francis Online: Librarians; Authors &amp; Editors; ... more Skip to content. Taylor &amp; Francis Online: Librarians; Authors &amp; Editors; Societies. Register; Sign in; Mobile. Home; Browse; Products; Redeem a voucher; Shortlist; Shopping Cart Cart. The online platform for Taylor &amp; Francis Group content. Search. Advanced Search Within current journal Entire site. Home &gt; List of Issues &gt; Table of Contents &gt; Social Influence Volume 6, 2011, List of Reviewers. Browse journal. View all volumes and issues. Current issue. Forthcoming articles. Most read articles. Most cited articles. Authors and submissions. Instructions for ...
Sex Roles, 2013
Interventions designed to combat the negative effects of stereotype threat have primarily taken a... more Interventions designed to combat the negative effects of stereotype threat have primarily taken an individual-based approach. The current study sought to expand upon these strategies by taking a group-based approach to reduce stereotype threat effects. Specifically, we investigated whether the success and numerical representation of women in STEM positively impacts women's math performance and affective reactions. We hypothesized that 1) women under threat (control) would perform worse than men; 2) there would be a larger performance difference for women than men when exposed to the success and balanced representation of women in STEM compared to the control condition; 3) there would be a larger performance difference for women than men between the balanced condition and the unbalanced condition where women are portrayed as successful, but not equally represented in STEM. For this study, male (n056) and female (n066) U.S. undergraduates from a large southern California state university read information about women's success and representation in STEM (or no information), completed a math exam under stereotype threat conditions, and then expressed their threat-based concerns. Results revealed that women performed worse than men in the control condition. Women in the balanced condition performed better than women in the control and unbalanced conditions. Men's performance was unaffected by the balance or imbalance of women in STEM. Women's affective reactions largely mirrored the performance results. This study provides compelling evidence for using a group-based approach highlighting women's advances in STEM to alleviate stereotype threat.
Preventive Medicine, 2002
Background: The goal of this pilot study was to correlate missed opportunities to immunize young ... more Background: The goal of this pilot study was to correlate missed opportunities to immunize young children with providers' psychosocial characteristics and self-reported immunization practices.
The Journal of Social Psychology, 2012
This study examined the effects of social consensus and social status on attitude certainty that ... more This study examined the effects of social consensus and social status on attitude certainty that is conceptualized multi-dimensionally as perceived clarity and correctness of one's attitude. In a mock opinion exchange about a social issue, participants 10 were either supported (high consensus) or opposed (low consensus) by most of the confederates. They were informed that their opinion (high status) or their opponents' opinion (low status) had the alleged psychological significance indicative of future success. Post-experimental attitude clarity was significantly greater when attitudinal position was associated with high rather than low status. Attitude correctness was interactively affected 15 by social status and social consensus. Supporting the compensatory effect hypothesis, attitude correctness was comparable across the levels of social consensus as long as they were associated with high status, and across the levels of social status as long as they were associated with high social consensus.
Journal of Social Issues, 2009
Establishing fair procedures to regulate intragroup disagreements should engender cooperation whi... more Establishing fair procedures to regulate intragroup disagreements should engender cooperation while inhibiting conflict. Yet what is a "fair" procedure might vary for members of different factions. To understand perceptions of fairness in group decision making, the present research developed and utilized the Fair Group Procedures Scale (FGPS). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a four-factor structure along two dimensions: the means of distributing decision-making power (proportionality to equality) and the normative value of the approach (desirable to undesirable). Data suggest that deeming a particular decision-making procedure "fair" is predicted by one's majority/minority position within a group. Furthermore, experimental data suggest that social change (i.e., reversals of majority/minority positions) reduces the discrepancies between factions. Results support the socially constructed nature of fairness and its potential role in intragroup conflict.