Rafid Hannun - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Rafid Hannun

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021

The main objective of the present study is to investigate the thermal performance of the air chil... more The main objective of the present study is to investigate the thermal performance of the air chiller using the heat exchanger using the chilled water tank by Freon R-134a. The air chiller model was designed and fabricated with all measuring devices in the AL-Muthanna city environment. The practical tests were carried out with a change in the factors governing air coolant performance to investigate their effects on the properties of the system. The study covered the values of the cooling water flow rate at (2l/min) and the evaporator water temperature (2.5 to 5.69 °C) and the return water temperature in the reservoir ranged from 11.6 to 19.2 °C). The greatest coefficient of thermal performance in the system was (5) while the lowest coefficient of thermal performance was (3.6) and that agreement to the experimental studies of this type of system. The results showed that the average guidance in the consumption of air-chilled energy by using the water tank and Freon R-134a was about 13%...

University of Thi-Qar Journal for Engineering Sciences, Aug 10, 2021

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science

Air pollution is a worldwide and a local issue caused by energy generation. It refers to global w... more Air pollution is a worldwide and a local issue caused by energy generation. It refers to global warming deterioration in human environmental health and local-global sustainability. This review provides information on the generation and consumption of energy with their air pollution mixture of many pollutants; gases, liquids and particles. These pollutants have become one of the leading environmental hazards to human and planet health. The components of pollutants that result from burning fossil fuels (oil and gas) and coal have been studied, such as sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particles. Both sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides interact with water to produce acid rain. Both gas and oil-fired thermal power plants emission today and in the future might be transformed to work on renewable energy sources. The results stated that gas-fired power plants are more generally faster efficient, less pollution than oil and coal power plants. A complete assessment of exhau...

Al-Qadisiya Journal for Engineering Sciences مجلة القادسية للعلوم الهندسية, 2012

There are many kinds of wind mills and turbines. In this study, practical rig models of two turbi... more There are many kinds of wind mills and turbines. In this study, practical rig models of two turbines were manufactured at Nassiriya city (31.036 o N, 46.21 o E) to compare their work with other related properties and fundamentals. The first is vertical axis wind turbine called Savonius rotor (Srotor) with dimensions (1500*500*8) mm, the second is horizontal axis wind turbine has a components of plastic blade, steel bearing, steel base, steel shaft, bearings and pointed blade, the plastic blades erected on steel support of length 210 mm. Theoretical analysis of turbines motion were presented in wide manner of explanation. The readings of the two turbines were done in 2 nd , 3 rd , 8 th March and 2 nd , 4 th April , 2011for many parameters of motion, angular velocity, linear velocity, kinetic energy, air mass flow rate and mechanical power. The results of wind velocity were compared with metriological data in Nassiriya city. The maximum amount of power was 4.65 Watt calculated for horizontal axis turbine. FLUENT and GAMBIT codes were used to prove the validity of this study. It was concluded that the horizontal axis turbine is more efficient than the vertical one, which is in good agreement with literature.

Basrah Journal for Engineering Science, 2014

The solar chimney power plant is one of the modern models studied on the world. This study presen... more The solar chimney power plant is one of the modern models studied on the world. This study presents an engineering and numerical analysis of solar chimney with different parameters. Also, it studies the comparison of two collector base shapes(circular and hexagonal) depend on the five storage material types and their effects on the heat transfer, velocity, efficiency, etc. inside the solar chimney system by considering the solar array intensity equations and the energy equation to calculate the heat transferred and stored by applying the laws of CFD. The finite volume method is used to analyze the geometry physical model by applying a commercial Fluent 6.3 code with Gambit 2.3. The obtained results show that the efficiency of solar chimney is increased by increasing the area of solar glassed collector with circular base shape than the others of polygonal or rectangular one because the circular was covered large area of system. So, the circular ground collector shape for thermal storage is the favour because it is the better to increase the velocity of entering air and to increase the efficiency of turbine. In addition to that the black Pebble storage plate is the better material for heat storage which is convected to air passed for operation of turbine than the other types aluminum, tar, copper and steel seriously.

Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies, 2022

In this paper, it presents a detailed analysis of the use of the parabolic solar concentrator in ... more In this paper, it presents a detailed analysis of the use of the parabolic solar concentrator in heating and boiling water, as the parabolic solar concentrator was manufactured with a diameter of (96 cm), the focal length of the dish is (72 cm), and the focus depth of the dish is (8 cm). It was made using a parabolic dish with a diameter of (96 cm) and using glossy aluminum foil as a reflective sun ray after being cut into strips 10 cm wide and glued to the inner surface of the dish. Metal tin cans with two capacities (1L and 2L) were used as the absorbent receiver. Experiments were conducted to boil water from the roof of the house in Nassiriya city. The study calculated the optical efficiency of the equivalent solar concentrator, the amount of heat output as a result of the fall of concentrated solar radiation on the receiver, the amount of useful heat gained, the thermal losses from the receiver, the collector efficiency. Many tests were conducted in Nassiriya city weather condit...

International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa, 2021

Surface cooling water harvesting from air represents an alternative way to provide new potable wa... more Surface cooling water harvesting from air represents an alternative way to provide new potable water sources. In this study, an Extracting Water Machine (EWM) is fabricated, which is a device that can convert water vapor directly into usable and even drinkable water. This study was conducted to evaluate the quantity, chemical quality, and power consumption of condensed water, particularly in areas where the relative humidity is less than 30 %, with an abundance of non-fresh water (i.e., wells, marshes, and others). Three operating strategies were proposed during February, March, April, and May; the experiments were conducted every hour on a particular day of each month for each test using actual climate data of Nasiriya, Iraq in 2020. In the first test, the device operated in dehumidification mode and the ambient air passed directly to the surface of the cooling coil; it has found that the daily condensed water and energy consumption for the four consecutive months under considerati...

International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME), 2018

In this study, a theoretical model of the power transformer 250 kV has been designed by ANSYS17.1... more In this study, a theoretical model of the power transformer 250 kV has been designed by ANSYS17.1/FLUENT code program which has been connected to an underground tube (earth air heat exchanger EAHE) where air has passed through it. The hot ambient air of velocity 6 m/s has been cooled inside the EAHE and the air has been released at a low temperature to cool the transformer walls and then it cooled the internal parts of the transformer. The study included also the addition of nanoparticles to the cooling oil to increase the process of removing the heat generated inside the transformer. The study showed, by using the nanoparticles of (SiC) with volume fraction of 9% in the cooling oil using the EAH system, that the oil temperature has been reduced to about 32 °C as average temperature using SiC and TiO2 nanofluid particles in comparison with the temperature of 29 °C when adding Al2O3 and also 27 °C temperature adding Cu nanoparticles with 9% volume fraction.

Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies, 2021

The power chimney tower isone of modern promised energy whichmay be developed by low losses,simpl... more The power chimney tower isone of modern promised energy whichmay be developed by low losses,simple and has high facilities.In this paper, many parameters werestudied exactly which influenced theprediction of system operation andfundamentally depend on thecombustion of gases compound thespilled oil. Velocity distribution is theimportant parameter which gives thefirst prediction to put the position oferection of power turbine, made ornot. The numerical analysis waspresented by using GAMBIT andFLUENT 6.3 to predict that highvelocity at the expansion of chimneynear the centre of burned gasescover collector. This position isvery suitable for promoting andbuilding the power turbine sincethe velocity was more than (33m/s) when the compounded gasesis combusted (that therecomponents are the methane gaswith other friendly gases andwaste. It is easy to erect steamor gaseous boiler in contact withfurnace for utilize the heatgenerated in electrical powergeneration. So, the other factors,temperat...

The paper presents study the factors that can improve the performance of an activated carbon/meth... more The paper presents study the factors that can improve the performance of an activated carbon/methanol intermittent solar adsorption icemarker. That uses an adsorption tube collector for cooling, in which solar energy can be directly absorbed. Effect of some important parameters, such as amount 8of methanol, condenser temperat., initial and peak collector temperat., on the system performances were investigated. The amount of activated carbon is fixed and is equal to (4 kg) for all the experiments that have been performed. Several quantities of Methanol were tested (650 g, 750g, 900g) to get the best system performance. The experimental test rig of present work was designed to produce 2 kg of ice by using Activated Carbon in a concentration of 0.28 kg Methanol/kg Activated Carbon. The shape of the flat plate type adsorber/collector was parallelogram with dimensions (110 cm× 67 cm×8 cm). The results show that the coefficient of performance of the unit decreases with increase the conden...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020

In this work, the main objective the provision of electric supply to a residential complex locate... more In this work, the main objective the provision of electric supply to a residential complex located in a remote area in Iraq (Thi -Qar) that has no access to electricity grid. This study relied on the Nomadic People Optimizer (NPO) for the Multi-objective design of a grid independent PV/Wind/Battery hybrid energy system. The hybrid systems considered in this study consist of a photovoltaic array, wind turbine, and battery storage. The hybrid system optimized the electricity supply of a residential complex with 30 houses in Thi- Qar which is located in southern Iraq on latitude 31.060 and longitude 46.260. The major purpose of this optimization is to find optimal sizing of renewable energy with battery storage to minimizing Total Life Cycle Cost (TLCC), this is an economic aspect, which in turn reduces the cost of energy (COE), Second objective is minimizing Total Dump Energy (TDE) with continuous provide the load by electricity (Reliability as constrained) through life cycle of proje...

The renewable or non-renewable modern energy kinds have many shapes to utilize powergeneration. T... more The renewable or non-renewable modern energy kinds have many shapes to utilize powergeneration. The power chimney tower is one of them developed by low losses, simple andhas high facilities that used in spilling oil and/or oil refinery stations and to save cleanenvironment. In this paper, new base design of power chimney used to increase the utilized energy byincreasing the number of burners in addition to introducing new burner design by addingdirectional vanes. Many parameters influencing the system operation were exactly studied topredict new operation phenomenon. This fundamentally depends the combustion of gasescompound the spilled oil. Velocity distribution is the important parameter which gives thefirst prediction to put the position of erection of power turbine, made or not. The numericalanalysis was presented by using GAMBIT and FLUENT 6.3 to predict the high velocity at theexpansion of chimney near the Centre of burned gases cover collector. This position is verysuitable f...

Oxides of nitrogen (NO + NO2 , (NO x)) are emitted from refineries, not only contribute to the pr... more Oxides of nitrogen (NO + NO2 , (NO x)) are emitted from refineries, not only contribute to the production of photochemical smog at ground level but also cause damage to plant life and add to the problem of acid rain. The small amounts of prompt NO produced in the furnace chambers and oil refineries because the formation of NOx can be attributed to four distinct chemical kinetic processes: thermal NOx formation, prompt NOx formation, fuel NOx formation, and intermediate N2O. In this paper, the portions of pollutants that resulted in fuel burning (liquid or gas) in oil and gas refinery were studied by modeling of emitted gases in furnace chamber. The case study at Nassiriya power plant with different loads (70 – 210) MW was studied. The method of finite volume was studied to predict the pollutant portions by using FLUENT computer code (FLUENT is one of largest codes of computer programs which solve thousands of flow and combustion cases. The case study was drawn graphically then impor...

This article proposes a new algorithm called Nomadic People Optimizer (NPO) to find the optimal s... more This article proposes a new algorithm called Nomadic People Optimizer (NPO) to find the optimal sizing of a hybrid energy system (HES), consisting of photovoltaic cell (PV), battery storage (BS), and diesel generator (DG). The HES supply the electricity to an academic building located in Thi-Qar Province, which is located in southern Iraq on latitude 31.06o and longitude 46.26o. The objectives of this algorithm are to reduce the total cost during the life cycle of the project, and this is an economic aspect that in turn reduces energy costs, the second goal is to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide. While continuing to supply the electrical load with electricity throughout the life cycle of the project for 25 years. The results show that optimal sizing of the HES achieved by 1875 number of the PV,687 number of the BS, and single DG.

The solar chimney and power tower are two of modern promised energy which can develop by low loss... more The solar chimney and power tower are two of modern promised energy which can develop by low losses, simplicity and high power. In this paper, the solar chimney and fossil fuel power tower parameters are studied by using theoretical equations in computational fluid dynamics CFD that substituted in some computer programs such as MATLAP and FLUENT codes with additional related expressions. Five different models are used in this paper (Chimney height is: 12, 15, 20, 25, and 35 meter), (Diameter of collector base is: 5, 8, 10, 15, and 20 meter). The effect of inlet collector height, collector absorbability, solar radiation, ambient temperature, solar collector thickness and solar collector tilt angle are studied to find the other parameters and properties such as velocity distribution, power and efficiency of system. The erecting of power turbine is predicted by findings the velocity distribution between the base and chimney assembly. The numerical analysis was presented by using GAMBIT...

A water chiller air-conditioning system has been completed. Energy savings was estimated using di... more A water chiller air-conditioning system has been completed. Energy savings was estimated using different variables: calculation power consumption, electricity consumption, the cooling load of the testing room. The system tested during the environment of Al- Muthanna province (Al-Rummaitha city), Iraq. The measurements were taken during the summer months (May - June – July and August). The results indicated a difference in energy saving during the daily operating hours, the highest reduction rate was obtained of cooling loads, which were based on the change in evaporator temperatures and also the highest percentage was achieved during August by 23% and the lowest percentage during May by 5%. Thus, the study concluded that the percentage of electricity consumption during the months of May and August was 56% and 41%, respectively. This paper concludes the power electricity was 14.7 amperes in conventional air conditioners whereas the chiller air-conditioning was up to 1.07 amperes. Als...

IEEE Access, 2020

In this work, the main objective is the provision of an electric supply to a residential complex ... more In this work, the main objective is the provision of an electric supply to a residential complex located in a remote area in Iraq (Thi-Qar) that has no access to the electricity grid. This study relied on the Nomadic People Optimizer (NPO) for the tri-objective design of a stand-alone hybrid energy system (HES). The NPO algorithm comprises five main operators; these are the initial meeting, the semicircular tents distribution, the families searching, the transition of leadership, and the periodic meeting of the normal leaders. A HES optimized the electricity supply of a residential complex with 30 houses in Thi-Qar, which is located in southern Iraq at latitude 31.06 0 and longitude 46.26 0. The objectives of this study are to minimize the total life cycle cost (LCCT), total dump energy (DE Total), and total CO 2 emissions (E CO 2 T) for 25 years. The deployed algorithm was used to evaluate six different power source scenarios (PV/battery, wind turbine/battery, 20-split diesel generators, a single large diesel generator, and PV/wind turbine/diesel generator/battery) when diesel a generator covers a deficit of renewable energy sources (RESs) without charges to the batteries, and PV/wind turbine/diesel generator and battery when a diesel generator covers a deficit in the renewable energy sources (RESs) with charges to the batteries. The data used in this study, such as the wind speed, solar radiation, and temperature, were collected from weather forecasts in Thi-Qar every hour for a full year; the data load was collected from the Thi-Qar Electricity Distribution Directorate for the same housing complex and the same number of houses in an area equipped with electricity. Additionally, the prices of the system components, maintenance, and cost of fuel were collected from the Iraq market. From the obtained results, the PV/wind/large diesel generator/battery system when the diesel generator charges the batteries was found to be the most attractive scenario because it achieved a total life cycle cost (LCCT($)) of 1.6974×10 6 , cost of energy (COE($/kWh)) of 0.080495746, total dump energy (DE Total (GWh)) of (3•5418), and total CO 2 emission (E CO 2 T (kg) of 2.957 × 10 6 .

Materials Today: Proceedings, 2021

Abstract A nanofluid is a basic fluid that incorporates nanoparticles that improve the fluid'... more Abstract A nanofluid is a basic fluid that incorporates nanoparticles that improve the fluid's thermal performance in this study. A colloidal dispersion of a biphasic system including nanoparticles in the solid phase and the main fluid in the liquid phase is referred to as a nanofluid. The physical characterization of nanofluid (NFs), (Al2O3, CuO, MgO, SiO2, TiO2 and ZnO) nanofluid is done in the areas of pharmacological physics, cooling capacity, and economic performance. To make nanofluids, nanoparticles are removed into water. Nanofluid thermal conductivity and viscosity the influence of concentration and temperature on the thermal conductivity and viscosity of Nanofluids has been thoroughly studied. The thermal conductivity of nanofluids increases dramatically as concentration and temperature change. However, only a change in concentration impacted the viscosity enhancement in nanofluids.

Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development, 2021

This paper explores the sizing optimization of stand -alone hybrid energy system (HES) in souther... more This paper explores the sizing optimization of stand -alone hybrid energy system (HES) in southern Iraq (Thi Qar province) for supply stand-alone households by the electricity. HES consist of three components (solar cell (PV), diesel generator (DG) and battery storage (BS)). Particle swarm optimization (PSO) used in this study for find optimal sizing of the HES to minimizing multi-objective, first objective is to minimizing the total system cost (TSC) that lead to minimizing cost of energy (COE). Second objective is to minimizing total emission CO2 (TECO2). The constraint of the optimization is the reliability (100 %) mean continuous provide the load demand by the electricity. The results of the optimization show the ability the algorithm to minimizing the multi-objective with continuous supply the load by the electricity through life cycle of the project (25) years.

Innovaciencia Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, 2019

Introduction: In this paper, the simulation of first stage of low pressure turbine for Nasiriya P... more Introduction: In this paper, the simulation of first stage of low pressure turbine for Nasiriya Power Plant was done to study the aerodynamic characteristic of steam along stage at load 70 MW, also the two types of mechanical stresses on the first stage rotor blade were studied in this paper. Materials and Methods:The material of blade was X20Cr13 stainless steel grade 1.4021. The first type of mechanical stresses which due to the steam pressure on the blade was analyzed. The seconds types of mechanical stresses that the centrifugal stresses on the blade. The AutoCAD software code was used for modeling the turbine stage, the dimensions and operational conditions were obtained practically from Nasiriya power plant and ANSYS (15.0) software was used to make simulate the turbine. Results and Discussion: The results showed that maximum steam velocity occurred at trailing edge of stationary blades and leading edge of rotating blades, also the maximum stresses occurred at the leading edge...