Raheb Ghorbani - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Raheb Ghorbani

Research paper thumbnail of Job satisfaction and its contributing factors among faculty members of Semnan university of medical sciences

Research paper thumbnail of The relationship between hamstring muscle shortness and dynamic and static balances in young healthy individuals

Koomesh, Jun 10, 2015

Introduction: Impaired postural control affects the safety and quality of movements during daily ... more Introduction: Impaired postural control affects the safety and quality of movements during daily life activities and physical exercises. One of the effective factors on postural control is the muscle flexibility. Despite the relative high incidence of hamstring shortness, no study has yet evaluated the relationship between hamstring shortness and dynamic and static balances. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between hamstring shortness and dynamic and static balances in young healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried on 40 healthy young subjects (20 cases with and 20 cases without the shortness of hamstring as control). The 90-90 test was used to measure the hamstring length. To evaluate the quality of balance control, subjects stood on a force plate and Biodex system on one foot and level of displacement of centre of pressure was used as an index of static and dynamic balances, with and without external perturbation. Results: The comparison of mean and standard deviation of the center of pressure displacement with and without external perturbation, showed no significant difference between the two experimental and control groups. Conclusion: The results of present study showed that the hamstring shortness does not significantly affect the static and dynamic postural balance control.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of clove mouthwash on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care unit patients: a comparative randomized triple-blind clinical trial

Clinical Oral Investigations

Objectives Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common nosocomial infections ... more Objectives Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common nosocomial infections in intensive care units (ICUs), and the use of mouthwash is the most widely used method to prevent its incidence. The aim of this study was to investigate effect of clove mouthwash on the incidence of VAP in the ICU. Materials and methods This comparative, randomized, triple-blind, clinical trial was conducted on 168 eligible ICU patients at Kosar Hospital in Semnan, Iran, during 2021-2022, who were divided into intervention and control groups using random blocks. The intervention group received clove extract mouthwash at 6.66% concentration, and the control group received chlorhexidine 0.2% twice a day for 5 days (routine care). Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, and disease severity was measured based on the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, oral health status was examined using the Beck Oral Assessment Scale (BOAS), and VAP diagnosis was made based on the Modified Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (MCPIS). Results Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in disease severity (p = 0.412) and oral health status (p = 0.239) between the patients in the two groups. After the intervention, 20.2% of the patients in the intervention group and 41.7% of those in the control group acquired VAP. The risk of VAP was 2.06 times higher in the control group than in the intervention group (p = 0.005, 95% CI: 1.26-3.37, RR = 2.06), but the severity of VAP did not differ significantly between the patients in the two groups (p = 0.557). Conclusion The findings showed that clove mouthwash reduces the incidence of VAP significantly. Clinical relevance Clove mouthwash can be used as a simple and low-cost method to prevent VAP in ICU patients.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Citrus aurantium Aroma on the Happiness of Pre-Hospital Emergency Staff: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Healthcare

Happiness is a positive internal experience and an indicator of mental health. Having happy and e... more Happiness is a positive internal experience and an indicator of mental health. Having happy and efficient employees is one of the ideals of healthcare organizations, given its impact on the quality of healthcare services. Emergency healthcare staff members face various unpleasant and stressful events. It has been suggested that fragrant herbs such as Citrus aurantium can have cheerfulness effects on individuals. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of Citrus aurantium aroma on the happiness of pre-hospital emergency staff. A randomized placebo controlled clinical trial was carried out on 167 prehospital emergency medical staff who were randomly assigned into two groups of aromatherapy and placebo. The participants received Citrus aurantium aromatherapy and placebo for five work shifts and for two consecutive weeks. Aromatherapy was performed using 10% Citrus aurantium scent applied via a pendant containing 1.5 cc of Citrus aurantium scent. The distance from ...

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Valerian on Sleep Quality, Depression, and State Anxiety in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized, Double-blind, Crossover Clinical Trial

Oman Medical Journal, 2021

Objectives: Our study sought to determine the effects of valerian on sleep quality, depression, a... more Objectives: Our study sought to determine the effects of valerian on sleep quality, depression, and state anxiety in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial was conducted on 39 patients undergoing HD allocated into a valerian and placebo group. In the first phase of the study, group A (n = 19) received valerian and group B (n = 20) received a placebo one hour before sleep every night for a total of one month. Sleep quality, state anxiety, and depression were assessed in the patients at the beginning and end of the intervention using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory. In the second phase, the two groups’ treatment regimen was swapped. After a one-month washout period, the same process was repeated on the crossover groups (i.e., group A received placebo and group B received valerian). Results: In the first phase, the mean sleep quality...

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Unstimulated Saliva Levels in Controlled and Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Romanian Journal of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 2020

Introduction: Diabetes is a common syndrome characterized by a steady rise in blood glucose level... more Introduction: Diabetes is a common syndrome characterized by a steady rise in blood glucose levels and has various side effects, including oral complications such as periodontitis and dry mouth. Material and Methods: This case-control study was performed on 30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 30 normal people who were referred to Kowsar Hospital of Semnan, Iran. The study groups were evaluated for HbA1C, and unstimulated saliva and data were statistically analyzed. Results: Unstimulated saliva in diabetic patients was 0.02 ± 0.07 ml/ min and ± 14.0 ± 02.0 ml in the control group (P <0.001). In the diabetic group, 18 out of the 30 diabetic patients (60%) had uncontrolled glucose (HbA1c was 7% or higher), and the rest had controlled glucose. According to the HbA1c study, the mean standard deviation of unstimulated saliva in controlled diabetic patients was 0.08 0 ± 0.02 ml/min and 0.06 ± 0.02 ml/min in uncontrolled patients, which showed a significant difference (p=0.006)...

Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge of Breast Cancer Risk Factors among a Cohort of Nurses in Iran

Iranian Journal of Blood and Cancer, 2014

appropriate management and screening of disease. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge of... more appropriate management and screening of disease. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge of breast cancer risk factors among a cohort of nurses in Iran. Materials and Methods: The target group of the present study was 243 consecutive nurses (27 males and 216 females) at two referral hospitals in Semnan province, Iran, between March 2012 and February 2013. The data concerning the nurses’ knowledge of breast cancer risk factors was collected using a predesigned questionnaire. Results: In total, 9.9% of nurses had poor, 71.2% had intermediate and only 18.9% had good level of knowledge towards breast cancer risk factors. The level of knowledge towards risk factors was not affected by nurses’ gender, age, level of education, years of experience, marital status, presence of a history of breast problem, or history of caring for a breast cancer patient. However, those nurses with a family history of breast cancer especially those with a patient as a first degree relative had significa...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Psychological Stress Status among Iranian Cancer Patients

Iranian Journal of Blood and Cancer, 2015

We aimed to assess psychological stress status among Iranian patients with cancer compared with n... more We aimed to assess psychological stress status among Iranian patients with cancer compared with non- cancer individuals. Patients and Methods: In a case-control study one hundred consecutive cancer patients who referred to Fatemieh hospital in Semnan, Iran (regardless of the type of cancer and its stage) were enrolled. One hundred matched non- cancer individuals were selected as controls. The status of psychological stress was assessed using a questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of psychological stress was 70% among cancer patients and 40% among controls (p<0.001). In a multivariate logistic regression model, the prevalence of psychological stress was shown to be higher among cancer patients compared to controls (OR = 3.01, 95% CI: 1.46- 6.19, p=0.003) (Table 1). Conclusion: Regardless of the type of cancer, Iranian cancer patients suffer a high level of psychological stress which indicates the need for screening for stress among them.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Dysphagia on Quality of Life in Stroke Survivors

Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health Studies, 2020

Background: Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common problem in stroke survivors. Dysphagia and its co... more Background: Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common problem in stroke survivors. Dysphagia and its complications have negative effects on quality of life in stroke survivors. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impacts of dysphagia on quality of life in Iranian stroke survivors and to determine potential relationships between demographic variables and the domains of quality of life. Methods: Sixty stroke survivors (aged 60 - 75 years old) with a diagnosis of dysphagia participated in this cross-sectional study. The swallowing function of patients was evaluated by Mann Assessment Swallowing Ability (MASA). The Persian version of the Dysphagia Handicap Index (DHI) was used to determine the impacts of swallowing disorder on the quality of life. Results: The mean total and SD of DHI was 73.03 ± 10.16. There was no statistically significant relationship between sex; age, time post-onset of stroke, and DHI total score as well as its subscales (P > 0.05), whereas there was a rel...

Research paper thumbnail of The emergence of the hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) strains among circulating clonal complex 147 (CC147) harbouring blaNDM/OXA-48 carbapenemases in a tertiary care center of Iran

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, 2020

Background Klebsiella pneumoniae is a public health concern because of its ability to develop mul... more Background Klebsiella pneumoniae is a public health concern because of its ability to develop multidrug resistance and hypervirulent genotypes, of those capsular types K1 and K2 cause community and nosocomial life-threatening infections. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and genotypic traits of a collection of Klebsiella spp. isolates. Furthermore, the clonal relatedness of blaNDM producing strains was investigated. Methods During a 19-months surveillance study, 122 Klebsiella spp. isolates were cultured from extraintestinal specimens of patients admitted to the tertiary referral hospital in Semnan, Iran. Isolates were identified using biochemical tests and subjected to determination of phylogroups, capsular types and virulence/resistance genes content. Hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp) strains were detected genotypically, and Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC)-PCR fingerprinting was used to determine the clonality of blaNDM p...

Research paper thumbnail of Cognitive Impairment in Dialysis and Non-Dialysis Patients Suffering from Chronic Renal Failure and Comparing Them with a Control Group

Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health, 2017

Background: Chronic renal failure and its end-stage disease are one of the most important causes ... more Background: Chronic renal failure and its end-stage disease are one of the most important causes of death and disability, and its prevalence is increasing in the world. This disease can cause many complications in the patients with end-stage renal disease. Objectives: The present study aimed at comparing cognitive impairment in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and chronic renal failure (CRF) with a control group. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 85 ESRD, dialysis dependent patients, 200 CRF patients, non-dialysis dependent, as well as 180 patients with high blood pressure or diabetes as control group who referred to Kowsar hospital during 2015 and 2016 were studied. The Persian version of the mini mental status examination (MMSE) questionnaire was used to collect data. It was completed by one of the skilled and trained nurses. Results: The results revealed that 28.2% of ESRD, 1% of CRF patients, and 0.6% of control group patients had severe cognitive impairment. Cognitive health score in ESRD group was lower than that in CRF (P < 0.001) and control group (P < 0.001). In addition, cognitive health score of CRF patients was lower than that in the control group (P = 0.005). ESRD patients had significantly higher impairment in time and place orientation, calculation, recall, language, and repetition compared to control and CRF groups (P < 0.001), but there were no significant differences between control and CRF groups. With respect to complex commands, the control group had a significantly lower impairment, but the other 2 groups were not significantly different in this regard. The three experimental groups were not significantly different in pertest stage. Conclusions: ESRD patients have severe cognitive impairment compared to CRF patients. Therefore, it is recommended that these patients be examined cognitively and proper rehabilitation programs be considered for them.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Sublingual Misoprostol and Intravenous Oxytocin in the Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage After Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health, 2018

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the most important causes of maternal morbidity... more Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the most important causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. It has been accepted that an effective way for preventing PPH is active management of third stage of labor. Objectives: This study aimed at finding the effect of 800 µg of sublingual misoprostol compared to 60 units of intravenous oxytocin in Ringer-lactate to reduce PPH after cesarean delivery. Methods: This single blind randomized clinical trial was conducted at Amir Al-Momenin hospital in Semnan, Iran, from June 2013 to April 2014. A total of 100 pregnant (Gravidity 1, 2) women entered the study. They were randomized into 2 groups. One group received 800 µg sublingual misoprostol (n = 50) and the other group received 60 IU oxytocin intravenously (n = 50) in the cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, immediately after the opening of the peritoneum. Results: The mean ± SD decline in hematocrit level after 24 hours of delivery was 2.6% ± 2.3% in misoprostol group and it was 3.2% ± 2.5% in oxytocin group, and the difference was not significant (P = 0.27). The need for the additional uterotonic drug was significantly higher in the oxytocin group (16%) than in the misoprostol group (2.1%) one hour after delivery (P = 0.031). During one hour after delivery, the incidence of shivering was significantly lower in oxytocin group (P = 0.001), but on the contrary, the incidence of hypotension in the oxytocin received patients was higher (P = 0.003). Conclusions: The effectiveness of sublingual misoprostol is similar to intravenous oxytocin in reducing cesarean section hemorrhage. Moreover, because shivering as an untreatable adverse effect of misoprostol was very bothersome for the patients, we recommend that sublingual misoprostol not be used in high dosage.

Research paper thumbnail of Diagnostic value of saline infusion sonohysterography for detecting endometrium focal leson

Pan African Medical Journal, 2019

Introduction: different diagnostic tools are available to evaluate endometrial focal lesion such ... more Introduction: different diagnostic tools are available to evaluate endometrial focal lesion such as hysteroscopy, sonohystrography and transvaginal ultrasound. The present study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of saline infusion sonohystrography (SIS) in diagnosis of intrauterine lesions in women with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB). Methods: this cross-sectional study recruited 100 married women with chief complain of AUB referred to gynecologic clinics at the Amir Al-Momenin hospital, Semnan, Iran from March 2014 to February 2016. All participants were in the reproductive age and post-menopausal period that showed abnormal endometrial thickness or endometrial focal lesions through transvaginal ultrasound. Participants underwent SIS, hysteroscopy plus focal lesion resection and endometrial biopsy in order. The gold standard was the histopathology of endometrial specimen reported by pathologist. Results: mean±SD age of women was 41.2±11.3 years. To diagnose the overall focal lesions, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the SIS were 79.6, 89.1, 89.6, and 78.8% respectively. These figures were 75.0, 87.5, 82.5 and 81.7%, respectively to diagnose polyps. The SIS sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV values to diagnose the myomas were 60.0, 97.8, 75.0, and 95.7% respectively. Conclusion: findings show that, SIS probably is a proper method for detecting endometrial focal lesion including polyps and myomas. Future studies may help to define further advantages of this procedure.

Research paper thumbnail of The relationship between adaptability and life satisfaction among ostomy patients

Nursing Practice Today, 2019

Background & Aim: Ostomy surgery is used to provide a means of collecting waste through a channel... more Background & Aim: Ostomy surgery is used to provide a means of collecting waste through a channel. However, ostomy can produce functional problems and major changes in adaptability and life satisfaction among the patients. This study attempts to investigate the relationship between adaptability and life satisfaction among ostomy patients. Methods & Materials: This study is descriptive-correlational. 100 ostomy patients referring to Iran Ostomy Association were selected and studied using continuous sampling method and questionnaires of demographic information, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Bell Adjustment Inventory (BAI). Results: The mean ± standard deviation of life satisfaction scores and adaptability scores were 16.8±4.4 (of 35) and 53.1±23.7, respectively. A positive and significant correlations were observed between life satisfaction and adjustment (r=0.597, p<0.001), and also adjustment dimensions, including home (r=0.585, p<0.001), health (r=0.611, p<0.001...

Research paper thumbnail of Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis: A neglected association in developing countries

Rheumatology Research, 2019

Most patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), one of the most common inflammatory diseases, also ... more Most patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), one of the most common inflammatory diseases, also suffer from periodontitis. This study investigated the effects of periodontal therapy on disease activity in RA patients. In this before-and-after clinical trial study, 30 patients with simultaneous RA and periodontitis were studied from March 2014 to February 2016. The Disease Activity Score with 28-joint Counts (DAS28) questionnaire was completed for all participants. Patients with confirmed periodontitis received non-surgical scaling, root planning, systemic antibiotics, and chlorhexidine. At days 45 and 90 after treatment, the DAS28, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured again. The results of the evaluation of 30 patients with a mean age of 50.2±10.62 years (80% female) showed that the difference in the level of disease activity between baseline versus 45 (5.18±0.092 vs. 4.02±1.22, P value<0.001) and 90 days later (5.18±0.092 vs. 3.84±0.92, P value<0.001), was statistically significant. Serum CRP levels (mg/dl) were lower at 90 days after treatment (5.17±2.96) than at 40 days post-treatment (5.30±3.59). The ESR values (mm/hour) at 45 (20.57±11.01) and 90 (18.23±8.99) days after periodontal therapy were lower in comparison with the baseline (21.67±11.65), but there were no significant differences between the different time points (P value˃0.05). Treating periodontitis resulted in reduced RA disease activity. Hence, routine dental examinations for faster diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis in order to relieve RA symptoms as well as further studies including a control group are recommended.

Research paper thumbnail of Development a reverse triage system based on modified sequential organ failure assessment for increasing the critical care surge capacity

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, 2018

IntroductIon High occupancy rate and capacity completeness are one of the serious problems in man... more IntroductIon High occupancy rate and capacity completeness are one of the serious problems in managing the beds of the critical care units. [1] In this context, hospital surge capacity is one of the strategies that can introduce a coordination between patients' referrals to hospitals and convenience facilities. [2] Hospital surge capacity means strengthening the potential of the hospital in the face of a crisis or a disaster. In addition, it improves the ability of hospitals when they face an increasing demand for service delivery. [3-6] Reverse triage can help hospital surge capacity. The goal of reverse triage is safe to discharge of hospitalized patients and allocation of hospital resources to patients who need more advanced health-care services. [2,7,8] Early warning scoring systems are one of the methods that can enhance the success of reverse triage. Early warning scoring systems are used to assess the clinical status; estimate the probability of recovery, the physiological uncertainty, and the probability of survival; and prioritize and optimize patient care. [9,10] These systems can also be used in decision-making and clinical judgment, standardization of research in the field of critical care, determining work pressure, optimal allocation of human and technical resources, and comparing the quality of care between the critical care units. [11,12] Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) is one of the well-known scoring systems. This system was developed in 1994 to review the failure of six organs, namely pulmonary, Context: The capacity completeness are one of the serious problems in the bed's managements of the critical care units in a crisis and disaster situation. Reverse triage can help to hospital surge capacity in this situations. Aims: The aim of this study was to develop a reverse triage system based on Modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (MSOFA) for increasing critical care surge capacity. Settings and Design: This study was a prospective design that performed on the medical patients in critical care unit. Subjects and Methods: The MSOFA score for each patient was calculated in admission time and be continued until discharging time from critical care unit. Statistical Analysis Used: The Cox regression method was used to determine the relative risk values. At last, the patients were divided into three levels for reverse triage. Results: Four hundred and twenty patients were participated in this study. The mean of patients' MSOFA scores in the 1 st day of admission in Critical Care was 5.40 ± 3.8. The relative risk of internal patients discharge from critical care was (8.2%). Death relative risks were <25%, higher than 70% and between 25.1% and 69.9% for three color level of green, black, and red, respectively. Conclusion: The MSOFA scores can contribute to the design a leveling system for discharging patients from critical care unit. Based on this system, the members of the caring team can predict the final health status of the patient.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of valerian on cognitive disorders and electroencephalography in hemodialysis patients: a randomized, cross over, double-blind clinical trial

BMC Nephrology, 2018

Background: The prevalence of cognitive disorders in hemodialysis patients is twice as high as th... more Background: The prevalence of cognitive disorders in hemodialysis patients is twice as high as the general population, while these disorders often are undiagnosed. Timely prevention and treatment can improve their personal and social functions. Aim of study was determined the effect of Valerian on cognitive disorders and electroencephalography (EGG) in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This crossover, double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 39 hemodialysis patients. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A (n = 19) took Valerian capsules and Group B (n = 20) received placebo capsules 60 min before bedtime for one month. The type of treatment was replaced between the two groups after a one-month wash-out. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaire was completed and EGG was performed before and after intervention in both periods. Results: The cognitive scores of the Group valerian were increased significantly in the first (p = 0.003) and the second (p = 0.005) periods. In addition, the mean increase in the cognitive scores in the Group valerian was significant in the first (p = 0.028) and the second periods (p = 0.030). However, the changes in EGG showed no significant difference before and after intervention in two groups. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that valerian could be effective and significantly improve patients' cognitive status; however, no significant changes were observed in the electroencephalography of the hemodialysis patients. Trial registration: IRCT201606076318N7-2016-06-17.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluating the Diagnostic Value of Skin Bilirubin in Comparison with Plasma Bilirubin to Identify Hyperbilirubinemia in Healthy Babies

Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health, 2016

Background: An elevated level of bilirubin in the blood is the most common and benign problem amo... more Background: An elevated level of bilirubin in the blood is the most common and benign problem among newborns; it is also the most important factor in the evaluation of neonatal jaundice in newborns. If severe indirect hyperbilirubinemia is left untreated, it can be neurotoxic; therefore, doctors cannot overstate the need for the early detection of hyperbilirubinemia. Objectives: We investigated the relationship between the skin and plasma methods of the quality of the BiliChek process as a means of diagnosing hyperbilirubinemia Patients and Methods: This study was performed at Amiralmomenin hospital in Semnan, Iran and examined 64 healthy infants who had gestational ages of 37 weeks and greater and jaundice as their sole cause for hospitalization. Infants hospitalized due to other diseases, such as sepsis, were excluded from the study. First, a blood sample was taken to determine the infants' serum total bilirubin. Then, the amount of bilirubin was determined with BiliChek placed on three locations: the infants' foreheads, chests, and left thighs. Results: SD ± mean values of the skin method on each forehead, chest, and thigh were respectively (3.5 ± 13.8, 12.8 ± 3.5 and 9.7 ± 2.6 mg per deciliter); using the plasma method, bilirubin SD ± mean was 14.4 ± 4.0, so that the skin method in all three areas was lower than the plasma method. Variables such as the type of delivery, birth rank, blood type, birth weight, and maternal age are independent of hyperbilirubinemia level, and there is no significant relationship between them. There is only a significant relationship between bilirubin levels and a baby's age, as there is a significant relationship to birth (P = 0.000). Cut off point for the use of BiliChek in the forehead has been set at 3.13 milligrams per deciliter, and the sensitivity and specificity levels are 83.87% and 92.59%, respectively. As for the chest, it was 3.13 mg dL, with sensitivity and specificity levels of 83.87% and 96.30%, respectively. For the thigh, it was 9.7 mg per dL, with sensitivity and specificity levels of 83.87% and 96.30% respectively. There is no significant difference between the three areas mentioned in the skin method for predicting hyperbilirubinemia. Conclusions: In our study, we determined that BiliChek can be used in the diagnosis of hyperbilirubinemia, but this use is limited and applies only to the cutoff point and for values higher than the cutoff point. BiliChek is used as a means of screening for infants that need blood sampling.

Research paper thumbnail of Is There a Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Fluoroscopy Time During Sacroiliac Joint Injection? A Multicenter Cohort Study

Pain Medicine, 2015

Objective. To determine the relationship between BMI and fluoroscopy time during intra-articular ... more Objective. To determine the relationship between BMI and fluoroscopy time during intra-articular sacroiliac joint (SIJ) injections performed for a pain indication. Design. Multicenter retrospective cohort study. Setting. Three academic, outpatient pain treatment centers. Subjects. Patients who underwent fluoroscopy guided SIJ injection with encounter data regarding fluoroscopy time during the procedure and body mass index (BMI). Main Outcome Measure. Median and 25-75% Interquartile Range (IQR) fluoroscopy time. Results. 459 SIJ injections (350 patients) were included in this study. Patients had a median age of 57 (IQR 44, 70) years, and 72% were female. The median BMI in the normal weight, overweight, and obese groups were 23 (IQR 21, 24), 27 (IQR 26, 29), and 35 (IQR 32, 40), respectively. There was no significant difference in the median fluoroscopy time recorded between these BMI classes (p 5 0.45). First-time SIJ injection (p 5 0.53), bilateral injection (p 5 0.30), trainee involvement (p 5 0.47), and new trainee involvement (trainee participation during the first 2 months of the academic year) (p 5 0.85) were not associated with increased fluoroscopy time for any of the three BMI categories. Conclusions. Fluoroscopy time during sacroiliac joint injection is not increased in patients who are overweight or obese, regardless of whether a first-time sacroiliac joint injection was performed, bilateral injections were performed, a trainee was involved, or a new trainee was involved.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Patient-Focused Clinical Pathway on Anxiety, Depression and Satisfaction of Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 2015

Background: Coronary artery diseases (CAD) are associated with psychological problems such as anx... more Background: Coronary artery diseases (CAD) are associated with psychological problems such as anxiety and depression in patients. Thus, management of these problems can consider as an important intervention by health care workers, especially nurses. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of patient-focused clinical pathway on anxiety, depression and satisfaction of patients with CAD. Patients and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 138 patients suffering from CAD in a coronary care unit of a referral teaching hospital affiliated to Semnan University of Medical Sciences in Semnan, Iran, were recruited using a convenience sampling method. The participants were assigned to two groups: Clinical pathway (CP) and routine (RUT) care. The level of anxiety and depression of patients were measured in admission and discharge in both groups. Also, the level of patients' satisfaction was measured at the time of discharge. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Prevalence rates of anxiety and depression in total of patients were 7.2% and 8.7%, respectively. In terms of anxiety, the mean of difference between pretest and posttest scores in the CP group (0.52 ± 1.39) was higher compared to the RUT group (-0.17 ± 1.69) and there was a significant difference between the two group (P = 0.009). In terms of depression, the mean of this difference in the CP group (0.75 ± 2.05) was higher compared to the RUT group (0.00 ± 1.08), as there was a significant difference between the two group (P = 0.024). Also, the mean of patients' satisfaction scores in the CP group (3.69 ± 0.39) was higher compared to the RUT group (3.45 ± 0.47) and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.002). Conclusions: According to the positive effects of CP on patients with CADs, it can be considered as a useful, safe and simple instrument for the improvement of patients' outcomes. Thus, the findings of this study can provide a new insight in patient care for clinical nurses.

Research paper thumbnail of Job satisfaction and its contributing factors among faculty members of Semnan university of medical sciences

Research paper thumbnail of The relationship between hamstring muscle shortness and dynamic and static balances in young healthy individuals

Koomesh, Jun 10, 2015

Introduction: Impaired postural control affects the safety and quality of movements during daily ... more Introduction: Impaired postural control affects the safety and quality of movements during daily life activities and physical exercises. One of the effective factors on postural control is the muscle flexibility. Despite the relative high incidence of hamstring shortness, no study has yet evaluated the relationship between hamstring shortness and dynamic and static balances. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between hamstring shortness and dynamic and static balances in young healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried on 40 healthy young subjects (20 cases with and 20 cases without the shortness of hamstring as control). The 90-90 test was used to measure the hamstring length. To evaluate the quality of balance control, subjects stood on a force plate and Biodex system on one foot and level of displacement of centre of pressure was used as an index of static and dynamic balances, with and without external perturbation. Results: The comparison of mean and standard deviation of the center of pressure displacement with and without external perturbation, showed no significant difference between the two experimental and control groups. Conclusion: The results of present study showed that the hamstring shortness does not significantly affect the static and dynamic postural balance control.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of clove mouthwash on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care unit patients: a comparative randomized triple-blind clinical trial

Clinical Oral Investigations

Objectives Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common nosocomial infections ... more Objectives Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common nosocomial infections in intensive care units (ICUs), and the use of mouthwash is the most widely used method to prevent its incidence. The aim of this study was to investigate effect of clove mouthwash on the incidence of VAP in the ICU. Materials and methods This comparative, randomized, triple-blind, clinical trial was conducted on 168 eligible ICU patients at Kosar Hospital in Semnan, Iran, during 2021-2022, who were divided into intervention and control groups using random blocks. The intervention group received clove extract mouthwash at 6.66% concentration, and the control group received chlorhexidine 0.2% twice a day for 5 days (routine care). Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, and disease severity was measured based on the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, oral health status was examined using the Beck Oral Assessment Scale (BOAS), and VAP diagnosis was made based on the Modified Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (MCPIS). Results Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in disease severity (p = 0.412) and oral health status (p = 0.239) between the patients in the two groups. After the intervention, 20.2% of the patients in the intervention group and 41.7% of those in the control group acquired VAP. The risk of VAP was 2.06 times higher in the control group than in the intervention group (p = 0.005, 95% CI: 1.26-3.37, RR = 2.06), but the severity of VAP did not differ significantly between the patients in the two groups (p = 0.557). Conclusion The findings showed that clove mouthwash reduces the incidence of VAP significantly. Clinical relevance Clove mouthwash can be used as a simple and low-cost method to prevent VAP in ICU patients.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Citrus aurantium Aroma on the Happiness of Pre-Hospital Emergency Staff: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Healthcare

Happiness is a positive internal experience and an indicator of mental health. Having happy and e... more Happiness is a positive internal experience and an indicator of mental health. Having happy and efficient employees is one of the ideals of healthcare organizations, given its impact on the quality of healthcare services. Emergency healthcare staff members face various unpleasant and stressful events. It has been suggested that fragrant herbs such as Citrus aurantium can have cheerfulness effects on individuals. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of Citrus aurantium aroma on the happiness of pre-hospital emergency staff. A randomized placebo controlled clinical trial was carried out on 167 prehospital emergency medical staff who were randomly assigned into two groups of aromatherapy and placebo. The participants received Citrus aurantium aromatherapy and placebo for five work shifts and for two consecutive weeks. Aromatherapy was performed using 10% Citrus aurantium scent applied via a pendant containing 1.5 cc of Citrus aurantium scent. The distance from ...

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Valerian on Sleep Quality, Depression, and State Anxiety in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized, Double-blind, Crossover Clinical Trial

Oman Medical Journal, 2021

Objectives: Our study sought to determine the effects of valerian on sleep quality, depression, a... more Objectives: Our study sought to determine the effects of valerian on sleep quality, depression, and state anxiety in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial was conducted on 39 patients undergoing HD allocated into a valerian and placebo group. In the first phase of the study, group A (n = 19) received valerian and group B (n = 20) received a placebo one hour before sleep every night for a total of one month. Sleep quality, state anxiety, and depression were assessed in the patients at the beginning and end of the intervention using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory. In the second phase, the two groups’ treatment regimen was swapped. After a one-month washout period, the same process was repeated on the crossover groups (i.e., group A received placebo and group B received valerian). Results: In the first phase, the mean sleep quality...

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Unstimulated Saliva Levels in Controlled and Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Romanian Journal of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 2020

Introduction: Diabetes is a common syndrome characterized by a steady rise in blood glucose level... more Introduction: Diabetes is a common syndrome characterized by a steady rise in blood glucose levels and has various side effects, including oral complications such as periodontitis and dry mouth. Material and Methods: This case-control study was performed on 30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 30 normal people who were referred to Kowsar Hospital of Semnan, Iran. The study groups were evaluated for HbA1C, and unstimulated saliva and data were statistically analyzed. Results: Unstimulated saliva in diabetic patients was 0.02 ± 0.07 ml/ min and ± 14.0 ± 02.0 ml in the control group (P <0.001). In the diabetic group, 18 out of the 30 diabetic patients (60%) had uncontrolled glucose (HbA1c was 7% or higher), and the rest had controlled glucose. According to the HbA1c study, the mean standard deviation of unstimulated saliva in controlled diabetic patients was 0.08 0 ± 0.02 ml/min and 0.06 ± 0.02 ml/min in uncontrolled patients, which showed a significant difference (p=0.006)...

Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge of Breast Cancer Risk Factors among a Cohort of Nurses in Iran

Iranian Journal of Blood and Cancer, 2014

appropriate management and screening of disease. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge of... more appropriate management and screening of disease. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge of breast cancer risk factors among a cohort of nurses in Iran. Materials and Methods: The target group of the present study was 243 consecutive nurses (27 males and 216 females) at two referral hospitals in Semnan province, Iran, between March 2012 and February 2013. The data concerning the nurses’ knowledge of breast cancer risk factors was collected using a predesigned questionnaire. Results: In total, 9.9% of nurses had poor, 71.2% had intermediate and only 18.9% had good level of knowledge towards breast cancer risk factors. The level of knowledge towards risk factors was not affected by nurses’ gender, age, level of education, years of experience, marital status, presence of a history of breast problem, or history of caring for a breast cancer patient. However, those nurses with a family history of breast cancer especially those with a patient as a first degree relative had significa...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of Psychological Stress Status among Iranian Cancer Patients

Iranian Journal of Blood and Cancer, 2015

We aimed to assess psychological stress status among Iranian patients with cancer compared with n... more We aimed to assess psychological stress status among Iranian patients with cancer compared with non- cancer individuals. Patients and Methods: In a case-control study one hundred consecutive cancer patients who referred to Fatemieh hospital in Semnan, Iran (regardless of the type of cancer and its stage) were enrolled. One hundred matched non- cancer individuals were selected as controls. The status of psychological stress was assessed using a questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of psychological stress was 70% among cancer patients and 40% among controls (p<0.001). In a multivariate logistic regression model, the prevalence of psychological stress was shown to be higher among cancer patients compared to controls (OR = 3.01, 95% CI: 1.46- 6.19, p=0.003) (Table 1). Conclusion: Regardless of the type of cancer, Iranian cancer patients suffer a high level of psychological stress which indicates the need for screening for stress among them.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Dysphagia on Quality of Life in Stroke Survivors

Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health Studies, 2020

Background: Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common problem in stroke survivors. Dysphagia and its co... more Background: Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common problem in stroke survivors. Dysphagia and its complications have negative effects on quality of life in stroke survivors. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impacts of dysphagia on quality of life in Iranian stroke survivors and to determine potential relationships between demographic variables and the domains of quality of life. Methods: Sixty stroke survivors (aged 60 - 75 years old) with a diagnosis of dysphagia participated in this cross-sectional study. The swallowing function of patients was evaluated by Mann Assessment Swallowing Ability (MASA). The Persian version of the Dysphagia Handicap Index (DHI) was used to determine the impacts of swallowing disorder on the quality of life. Results: The mean total and SD of DHI was 73.03 ± 10.16. There was no statistically significant relationship between sex; age, time post-onset of stroke, and DHI total score as well as its subscales (P > 0.05), whereas there was a rel...

Research paper thumbnail of The emergence of the hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) strains among circulating clonal complex 147 (CC147) harbouring blaNDM/OXA-48 carbapenemases in a tertiary care center of Iran

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, 2020

Background Klebsiella pneumoniae is a public health concern because of its ability to develop mul... more Background Klebsiella pneumoniae is a public health concern because of its ability to develop multidrug resistance and hypervirulent genotypes, of those capsular types K1 and K2 cause community and nosocomial life-threatening infections. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and genotypic traits of a collection of Klebsiella spp. isolates. Furthermore, the clonal relatedness of blaNDM producing strains was investigated. Methods During a 19-months surveillance study, 122 Klebsiella spp. isolates were cultured from extraintestinal specimens of patients admitted to the tertiary referral hospital in Semnan, Iran. Isolates were identified using biochemical tests and subjected to determination of phylogroups, capsular types and virulence/resistance genes content. Hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp) strains were detected genotypically, and Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC)-PCR fingerprinting was used to determine the clonality of blaNDM p...

Research paper thumbnail of Cognitive Impairment in Dialysis and Non-Dialysis Patients Suffering from Chronic Renal Failure and Comparing Them with a Control Group

Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health, 2017

Background: Chronic renal failure and its end-stage disease are one of the most important causes ... more Background: Chronic renal failure and its end-stage disease are one of the most important causes of death and disability, and its prevalence is increasing in the world. This disease can cause many complications in the patients with end-stage renal disease. Objectives: The present study aimed at comparing cognitive impairment in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and chronic renal failure (CRF) with a control group. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 85 ESRD, dialysis dependent patients, 200 CRF patients, non-dialysis dependent, as well as 180 patients with high blood pressure or diabetes as control group who referred to Kowsar hospital during 2015 and 2016 were studied. The Persian version of the mini mental status examination (MMSE) questionnaire was used to collect data. It was completed by one of the skilled and trained nurses. Results: The results revealed that 28.2% of ESRD, 1% of CRF patients, and 0.6% of control group patients had severe cognitive impairment. Cognitive health score in ESRD group was lower than that in CRF (P < 0.001) and control group (P < 0.001). In addition, cognitive health score of CRF patients was lower than that in the control group (P = 0.005). ESRD patients had significantly higher impairment in time and place orientation, calculation, recall, language, and repetition compared to control and CRF groups (P < 0.001), but there were no significant differences between control and CRF groups. With respect to complex commands, the control group had a significantly lower impairment, but the other 2 groups were not significantly different in this regard. The three experimental groups were not significantly different in pertest stage. Conclusions: ESRD patients have severe cognitive impairment compared to CRF patients. Therefore, it is recommended that these patients be examined cognitively and proper rehabilitation programs be considered for them.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Sublingual Misoprostol and Intravenous Oxytocin in the Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage After Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health, 2018

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the most important causes of maternal morbidity... more Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the most important causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. It has been accepted that an effective way for preventing PPH is active management of third stage of labor. Objectives: This study aimed at finding the effect of 800 µg of sublingual misoprostol compared to 60 units of intravenous oxytocin in Ringer-lactate to reduce PPH after cesarean delivery. Methods: This single blind randomized clinical trial was conducted at Amir Al-Momenin hospital in Semnan, Iran, from June 2013 to April 2014. A total of 100 pregnant (Gravidity 1, 2) women entered the study. They were randomized into 2 groups. One group received 800 µg sublingual misoprostol (n = 50) and the other group received 60 IU oxytocin intravenously (n = 50) in the cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, immediately after the opening of the peritoneum. Results: The mean ± SD decline in hematocrit level after 24 hours of delivery was 2.6% ± 2.3% in misoprostol group and it was 3.2% ± 2.5% in oxytocin group, and the difference was not significant (P = 0.27). The need for the additional uterotonic drug was significantly higher in the oxytocin group (16%) than in the misoprostol group (2.1%) one hour after delivery (P = 0.031). During one hour after delivery, the incidence of shivering was significantly lower in oxytocin group (P = 0.001), but on the contrary, the incidence of hypotension in the oxytocin received patients was higher (P = 0.003). Conclusions: The effectiveness of sublingual misoprostol is similar to intravenous oxytocin in reducing cesarean section hemorrhage. Moreover, because shivering as an untreatable adverse effect of misoprostol was very bothersome for the patients, we recommend that sublingual misoprostol not be used in high dosage.

Research paper thumbnail of Diagnostic value of saline infusion sonohysterography for detecting endometrium focal leson

Pan African Medical Journal, 2019

Introduction: different diagnostic tools are available to evaluate endometrial focal lesion such ... more Introduction: different diagnostic tools are available to evaluate endometrial focal lesion such as hysteroscopy, sonohystrography and transvaginal ultrasound. The present study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of saline infusion sonohystrography (SIS) in diagnosis of intrauterine lesions in women with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB). Methods: this cross-sectional study recruited 100 married women with chief complain of AUB referred to gynecologic clinics at the Amir Al-Momenin hospital, Semnan, Iran from March 2014 to February 2016. All participants were in the reproductive age and post-menopausal period that showed abnormal endometrial thickness or endometrial focal lesions through transvaginal ultrasound. Participants underwent SIS, hysteroscopy plus focal lesion resection and endometrial biopsy in order. The gold standard was the histopathology of endometrial specimen reported by pathologist. Results: mean±SD age of women was 41.2±11.3 years. To diagnose the overall focal lesions, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the SIS were 79.6, 89.1, 89.6, and 78.8% respectively. These figures were 75.0, 87.5, 82.5 and 81.7%, respectively to diagnose polyps. The SIS sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV values to diagnose the myomas were 60.0, 97.8, 75.0, and 95.7% respectively. Conclusion: findings show that, SIS probably is a proper method for detecting endometrial focal lesion including polyps and myomas. Future studies may help to define further advantages of this procedure.

Research paper thumbnail of The relationship between adaptability and life satisfaction among ostomy patients

Nursing Practice Today, 2019

Background & Aim: Ostomy surgery is used to provide a means of collecting waste through a channel... more Background & Aim: Ostomy surgery is used to provide a means of collecting waste through a channel. However, ostomy can produce functional problems and major changes in adaptability and life satisfaction among the patients. This study attempts to investigate the relationship between adaptability and life satisfaction among ostomy patients. Methods & Materials: This study is descriptive-correlational. 100 ostomy patients referring to Iran Ostomy Association were selected and studied using continuous sampling method and questionnaires of demographic information, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Bell Adjustment Inventory (BAI). Results: The mean ± standard deviation of life satisfaction scores and adaptability scores were 16.8±4.4 (of 35) and 53.1±23.7, respectively. A positive and significant correlations were observed between life satisfaction and adjustment (r=0.597, p<0.001), and also adjustment dimensions, including home (r=0.585, p<0.001), health (r=0.611, p<0.001...

Research paper thumbnail of Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis: A neglected association in developing countries

Rheumatology Research, 2019

Most patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), one of the most common inflammatory diseases, also ... more Most patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), one of the most common inflammatory diseases, also suffer from periodontitis. This study investigated the effects of periodontal therapy on disease activity in RA patients. In this before-and-after clinical trial study, 30 patients with simultaneous RA and periodontitis were studied from March 2014 to February 2016. The Disease Activity Score with 28-joint Counts (DAS28) questionnaire was completed for all participants. Patients with confirmed periodontitis received non-surgical scaling, root planning, systemic antibiotics, and chlorhexidine. At days 45 and 90 after treatment, the DAS28, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured again. The results of the evaluation of 30 patients with a mean age of 50.2±10.62 years (80% female) showed that the difference in the level of disease activity between baseline versus 45 (5.18±0.092 vs. 4.02±1.22, P value<0.001) and 90 days later (5.18±0.092 vs. 3.84±0.92, P value<0.001), was statistically significant. Serum CRP levels (mg/dl) were lower at 90 days after treatment (5.17±2.96) than at 40 days post-treatment (5.30±3.59). The ESR values (mm/hour) at 45 (20.57±11.01) and 90 (18.23±8.99) days after periodontal therapy were lower in comparison with the baseline (21.67±11.65), but there were no significant differences between the different time points (P value˃0.05). Treating periodontitis resulted in reduced RA disease activity. Hence, routine dental examinations for faster diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis in order to relieve RA symptoms as well as further studies including a control group are recommended.

Research paper thumbnail of Development a reverse triage system based on modified sequential organ failure assessment for increasing the critical care surge capacity

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, 2018

IntroductIon High occupancy rate and capacity completeness are one of the serious problems in man... more IntroductIon High occupancy rate and capacity completeness are one of the serious problems in managing the beds of the critical care units. [1] In this context, hospital surge capacity is one of the strategies that can introduce a coordination between patients' referrals to hospitals and convenience facilities. [2] Hospital surge capacity means strengthening the potential of the hospital in the face of a crisis or a disaster. In addition, it improves the ability of hospitals when they face an increasing demand for service delivery. [3-6] Reverse triage can help hospital surge capacity. The goal of reverse triage is safe to discharge of hospitalized patients and allocation of hospital resources to patients who need more advanced health-care services. [2,7,8] Early warning scoring systems are one of the methods that can enhance the success of reverse triage. Early warning scoring systems are used to assess the clinical status; estimate the probability of recovery, the physiological uncertainty, and the probability of survival; and prioritize and optimize patient care. [9,10] These systems can also be used in decision-making and clinical judgment, standardization of research in the field of critical care, determining work pressure, optimal allocation of human and technical resources, and comparing the quality of care between the critical care units. [11,12] Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) is one of the well-known scoring systems. This system was developed in 1994 to review the failure of six organs, namely pulmonary, Context: The capacity completeness are one of the serious problems in the bed's managements of the critical care units in a crisis and disaster situation. Reverse triage can help to hospital surge capacity in this situations. Aims: The aim of this study was to develop a reverse triage system based on Modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (MSOFA) for increasing critical care surge capacity. Settings and Design: This study was a prospective design that performed on the medical patients in critical care unit. Subjects and Methods: The MSOFA score for each patient was calculated in admission time and be continued until discharging time from critical care unit. Statistical Analysis Used: The Cox regression method was used to determine the relative risk values. At last, the patients were divided into three levels for reverse triage. Results: Four hundred and twenty patients were participated in this study. The mean of patients' MSOFA scores in the 1 st day of admission in Critical Care was 5.40 ± 3.8. The relative risk of internal patients discharge from critical care was (8.2%). Death relative risks were <25%, higher than 70% and between 25.1% and 69.9% for three color level of green, black, and red, respectively. Conclusion: The MSOFA scores can contribute to the design a leveling system for discharging patients from critical care unit. Based on this system, the members of the caring team can predict the final health status of the patient.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of valerian on cognitive disorders and electroencephalography in hemodialysis patients: a randomized, cross over, double-blind clinical trial

BMC Nephrology, 2018

Background: The prevalence of cognitive disorders in hemodialysis patients is twice as high as th... more Background: The prevalence of cognitive disorders in hemodialysis patients is twice as high as the general population, while these disorders often are undiagnosed. Timely prevention and treatment can improve their personal and social functions. Aim of study was determined the effect of Valerian on cognitive disorders and electroencephalography (EGG) in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This crossover, double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 39 hemodialysis patients. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A (n = 19) took Valerian capsules and Group B (n = 20) received placebo capsules 60 min before bedtime for one month. The type of treatment was replaced between the two groups after a one-month wash-out. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaire was completed and EGG was performed before and after intervention in both periods. Results: The cognitive scores of the Group valerian were increased significantly in the first (p = 0.003) and the second (p = 0.005) periods. In addition, the mean increase in the cognitive scores in the Group valerian was significant in the first (p = 0.028) and the second periods (p = 0.030). However, the changes in EGG showed no significant difference before and after intervention in two groups. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that valerian could be effective and significantly improve patients' cognitive status; however, no significant changes were observed in the electroencephalography of the hemodialysis patients. Trial registration: IRCT201606076318N7-2016-06-17.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluating the Diagnostic Value of Skin Bilirubin in Comparison with Plasma Bilirubin to Identify Hyperbilirubinemia in Healthy Babies

Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health, 2016

Background: An elevated level of bilirubin in the blood is the most common and benign problem amo... more Background: An elevated level of bilirubin in the blood is the most common and benign problem among newborns; it is also the most important factor in the evaluation of neonatal jaundice in newborns. If severe indirect hyperbilirubinemia is left untreated, it can be neurotoxic; therefore, doctors cannot overstate the need for the early detection of hyperbilirubinemia. Objectives: We investigated the relationship between the skin and plasma methods of the quality of the BiliChek process as a means of diagnosing hyperbilirubinemia Patients and Methods: This study was performed at Amiralmomenin hospital in Semnan, Iran and examined 64 healthy infants who had gestational ages of 37 weeks and greater and jaundice as their sole cause for hospitalization. Infants hospitalized due to other diseases, such as sepsis, were excluded from the study. First, a blood sample was taken to determine the infants' serum total bilirubin. Then, the amount of bilirubin was determined with BiliChek placed on three locations: the infants' foreheads, chests, and left thighs. Results: SD ± mean values of the skin method on each forehead, chest, and thigh were respectively (3.5 ± 13.8, 12.8 ± 3.5 and 9.7 ± 2.6 mg per deciliter); using the plasma method, bilirubin SD ± mean was 14.4 ± 4.0, so that the skin method in all three areas was lower than the plasma method. Variables such as the type of delivery, birth rank, blood type, birth weight, and maternal age are independent of hyperbilirubinemia level, and there is no significant relationship between them. There is only a significant relationship between bilirubin levels and a baby's age, as there is a significant relationship to birth (P = 0.000). Cut off point for the use of BiliChek in the forehead has been set at 3.13 milligrams per deciliter, and the sensitivity and specificity levels are 83.87% and 92.59%, respectively. As for the chest, it was 3.13 mg dL, with sensitivity and specificity levels of 83.87% and 96.30%, respectively. For the thigh, it was 9.7 mg per dL, with sensitivity and specificity levels of 83.87% and 96.30% respectively. There is no significant difference between the three areas mentioned in the skin method for predicting hyperbilirubinemia. Conclusions: In our study, we determined that BiliChek can be used in the diagnosis of hyperbilirubinemia, but this use is limited and applies only to the cutoff point and for values higher than the cutoff point. BiliChek is used as a means of screening for infants that need blood sampling.

Research paper thumbnail of Is There a Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Fluoroscopy Time During Sacroiliac Joint Injection? A Multicenter Cohort Study

Pain Medicine, 2015

Objective. To determine the relationship between BMI and fluoroscopy time during intra-articular ... more Objective. To determine the relationship between BMI and fluoroscopy time during intra-articular sacroiliac joint (SIJ) injections performed for a pain indication. Design. Multicenter retrospective cohort study. Setting. Three academic, outpatient pain treatment centers. Subjects. Patients who underwent fluoroscopy guided SIJ injection with encounter data regarding fluoroscopy time during the procedure and body mass index (BMI). Main Outcome Measure. Median and 25-75% Interquartile Range (IQR) fluoroscopy time. Results. 459 SIJ injections (350 patients) were included in this study. Patients had a median age of 57 (IQR 44, 70) years, and 72% were female. The median BMI in the normal weight, overweight, and obese groups were 23 (IQR 21, 24), 27 (IQR 26, 29), and 35 (IQR 32, 40), respectively. There was no significant difference in the median fluoroscopy time recorded between these BMI classes (p 5 0.45). First-time SIJ injection (p 5 0.53), bilateral injection (p 5 0.30), trainee involvement (p 5 0.47), and new trainee involvement (trainee participation during the first 2 months of the academic year) (p 5 0.85) were not associated with increased fluoroscopy time for any of the three BMI categories. Conclusions. Fluoroscopy time during sacroiliac joint injection is not increased in patients who are overweight or obese, regardless of whether a first-time sacroiliac joint injection was performed, bilateral injections were performed, a trainee was involved, or a new trainee was involved.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Patient-Focused Clinical Pathway on Anxiety, Depression and Satisfaction of Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 2015

Background: Coronary artery diseases (CAD) are associated with psychological problems such as anx... more Background: Coronary artery diseases (CAD) are associated with psychological problems such as anxiety and depression in patients. Thus, management of these problems can consider as an important intervention by health care workers, especially nurses. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of patient-focused clinical pathway on anxiety, depression and satisfaction of patients with CAD. Patients and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 138 patients suffering from CAD in a coronary care unit of a referral teaching hospital affiliated to Semnan University of Medical Sciences in Semnan, Iran, were recruited using a convenience sampling method. The participants were assigned to two groups: Clinical pathway (CP) and routine (RUT) care. The level of anxiety and depression of patients were measured in admission and discharge in both groups. Also, the level of patients' satisfaction was measured at the time of discharge. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Prevalence rates of anxiety and depression in total of patients were 7.2% and 8.7%, respectively. In terms of anxiety, the mean of difference between pretest and posttest scores in the CP group (0.52 ± 1.39) was higher compared to the RUT group (-0.17 ± 1.69) and there was a significant difference between the two group (P = 0.009). In terms of depression, the mean of this difference in the CP group (0.75 ± 2.05) was higher compared to the RUT group (0.00 ± 1.08), as there was a significant difference between the two group (P = 0.024). Also, the mean of patients' satisfaction scores in the CP group (3.69 ± 0.39) was higher compared to the RUT group (3.45 ± 0.47) and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.002). Conclusions: According to the positive effects of CP on patients with CADs, it can be considered as a useful, safe and simple instrument for the improvement of patients' outcomes. Thus, the findings of this study can provide a new insight in patient care for clinical nurses.