Rahul Sinha - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Rahul Sinha
Cell, Jan 12, 2015
Most cell-surface receptors for cytokines and growth factors signal as dimers, but it is unclear ... more Most cell-surface receptors for cytokines and growth factors signal as dimers, but it is unclear whether remodeling receptor dimer topology is a viable strategy to ''tune'' signaling output. We utilized diabodies (DA) as surrogate ligands in a prototypical dimeric receptor-ligand system, the cytokine Erythropoietin (EPO) and its receptor (EpoR), to dimerize EpoR ectodomains in non-native architectures. Diabodyinduced signaling amplitudes varied from full to minimal agonism, and structures of these DA/EpoR complexes differed in EpoR dimer orientation and proximity. Diabodies also elicited biased or differential activation of signaling pathways and gene expression profiles compared to EPO. Non-signaling diabodies inhibited proliferation of erythroid precursors from patients with a myeloproliferative neoplasm due to a constitutively active JAK2V617F mutation. Thus, intracellular oncogenic mutations causing ligand-independent receptor activation can be counteracted by extracellular ligands that reorient receptors into inactive dimer topologies. This approach has broad applications for tuning signaling output for many dimeric receptor systems.
Physical review letters, Jan 29, 2006
We show using a model independent approach that the deviation in measured B 0 d − B 0 d mixing ph... more We show using a model independent approach that the deviation in measured B 0 d − B 0 d mixing phase caused by pollution from another amplitude, within the Standard Model, is always less in magnitude, and has the same sign as the weak phase of the polluting amplitude. The exception is to have large destructive interference between the two amplitudes. We demonstrate that any deviation larger than a few degrees is only possible if the observed decay rate results from fine tuned cancellations between significantly larger quark level amplitudes. These simple observations have very significant consequences for signals of New Physics.
The Indian journal of surgery, 2009
Fistula following circumcision and at times accompanied by disfi gurement of the glans penis is a... more Fistula following circumcision and at times accompanied by disfi gurement of the glans penis is a common problem in our country, where a large number of circumcision is performed by untrained professionals. These complications may have profound negative psychological impact on the growing child. Herein, we report the successful closure of such fi stula using buccal mucosa, which occurred following circumcision (for phimosis) in a 15 year old boy. This resulted in the disfi gurement of the glans penis with a distal urethral fi stula. The fi stula was managed by dorsal onlay buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty (BMGU). The patient has excellent cosmesis at 6 months followup with a good urinary stream. This technique can give better results than those, where skin grafts or local fl aps are used for fi stula closure. BMGU is a versatile technique with good long term results. The cosmesis and functional results are satisfactory and help in improving the self esteem and sexual function in the years to come.
Subacute intestinal obstruction associated with a case of polycythemia vera--a rare combination
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2009
Primary Polycythemia Vera (PV) is difficult to diagnose due to its varied and atypical 1 presenta... more Primary Polycythemia Vera (PV) is difficult to diagnose due to its varied and atypical 1 presentation. It is a myeloproliferative disorder which is managed conservatively. We submit a case report of a patient who was admitted in surgery with subacute intestinal obstruction due to compression by a massive splenic cyst. The investigations showed PV causing splenomegaly.
Physical review letters, Jan 30, 2011
We present a new method of determining the complete set of weak decay amplitudes (magnitude and p... more We present a new method of determining the complete set of weak decay amplitudes (magnitude and phase) involved in the process B → K * π. The method involves study of three body Dalitz plot and Bose symmetry of the pions, which arises from the subsequent decay of K * → Kπ.
Journal of clinical neonatology, 2013
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), in which there is a persistent communication between the descendi... more Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), in which there is a persistent communication between the descending thoracic aorta and the pulmonary artery that results from failure of normal physiologic closure of the fetal ductus, is one of the more common congenital heart defects in preterm neonates. The closure of PDA can be done with either Indomethacin or Brufen which are cyclooxygenase 1, 2 inhibitor; however these drugs are associated with side effects. We report an interesting findings of ductal closure in 10 preterm neonates (gestational age 27-33 wks) presenting with significant large PDA who had failed or had absolute contraindication with Brufen. These preterm neonates were treated with oral paracetamol in the dose of 15 mg/kg 8 hourly. The PDA closure was achieved within 48 h and there was no complication.
Urology, 2014
To determine the subjective and objective outcomes of retroperitoneoscopic vs open pyeloplasty wi... more To determine the subjective and objective outcomes of retroperitoneoscopic vs open pyeloplasty with minimal incision in a prospective randomized comparison study.
Current urology, 2013
Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel Fax +41 61 306 12 34 E-Mail karger@karger.ch www.karger.com
Current urology, 2013
Fax +41 61 306 12 34 E-Mail karger@karger.ch www.karger.com Objective: To present our experience ... more Fax +41 61 306 12 34 E-Mail karger@karger.ch www.karger.com Objective: To present our experience of treating supratrigonal vesicovaginal fistulae by laparoscopic technique and their long-term follow-up. Material and Methods: Between January 2008 and June 2012, 28 cases of supratrigonal fistulas were repaired by laparoscopic transperitoneal transvesical technique with interposition flap. The obstetric fistula was present in 18 and gynecologic fistula in 10 patients. Single supratrigonal fistula was present in 26 patients and in 2 patients there were 2 fistulae lying side to side. The vaginal opening was closed as single layer interrupted suture and cystotomy closed as single layer continious suture by 3-0 polygalactin. The omentum was used as interposition flap in all except 2 cases in whom postero-superior vesical fold of peritoneum was used. The open conversion was required in 2 cases. The urethral catheter was removed in 4 weeks following a micturating cystogram. Result: The mean fistula size was 1.2 cm (range 0.8-2.5 cm). Open conversion was performed in 2 cases of whom one had excess carbon-dioxide retention and cardiac arrhythmia and in another case the needle of 3-0 polygalactin was avulsed and lost in peritoneal cavity which was recovered following laparotomy. All patients were continent following the catheter removal. The median follow-up is 24 months. None developed any complication related to laparoscopic repair till last follow-up.
Molecular and cellular biology, 2010
Alternative splicing and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are major sources of protein dive... more Alternative splicing and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are major sources of protein diversity in eukaryotic proteomes. The SR protein SF2/ASF is an oncoprotein that functions in pre-mRNA splicing, with additional roles in other posttranscriptional and translational events. Functional studies of SR protein PTMs have focused exclusively on the reversible phosphorylation of Ser residues in the C-terminal RS domain. We confirmed that human SF2/ASF is methylated at residues R93, R97, and R109, which were identified in a global proteomic analysis of Arg methylation, and further investigated whether these methylated residues regulate the properties of SF2/ASF. We show that the three arginines additively control the subcellular localization of SF2/ASF and that both the positive charge and the methylation state are important. Mutations that block methylation and remove the positive charge result in the cytoplasmic accumulation of SF2/ASF. The consequent decrease in nuclear SF2/ASF levels prevents it from modulating the alternative splicing of target genes, results in higher translation stimulation, and abrogates the enhancement of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. This study addresses the mechanisms by which Arg methylation and the associated positive charge regulate the activities of SF2/ASF and emphasizes the significance of localization control for an oncoprotein with multiple functions in different cellular compartments.
A Sub-Band Based Technique for Low Power Medium Data Rate Ultra Wide Band Communication
2010 IEEE 71st Vehicular Technology Conference, 2010
Abstract A sub-band based ultra wideband (SUWB) system is proposed. The technique provides scope ... more Abstract A sub-band based ultra wideband (SUWB) system is proposed. The technique provides scope for using the ultra wideband bandwidth efficiently by exploiting the available link margin for short range communications. The bandwidth of 500 MHz or more is divided ...
Pediatric Surgery International, 2008
Dartos pouch creation is an important step of orchiopexy. We describe the use of the balloon of a... more Dartos pouch creation is an important step of orchiopexy. We describe the use of the balloon of a Foley catheter to distend the scrotal sac and stretch the scrotal parietal layers over it to facilitate bloodless and quick dissection for the creation of a dartos pouch.
The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 2009
An upper audio band based low data rate communication modem
2012 6th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2012
ABSTRACT Readily available audio interfaces on mobile devices (speakers and microphones) can be u... more ABSTRACT Readily available audio interfaces on mobile devices (speakers and microphones) can be used to communicate data over a short range without the need for expensive infrastructure, using the imperceptible upper audio band (16-20KHz) of frequencies. A multi-tone Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) modulation is proposed for communication over the upper audio band. Error rate performance results for Multi-tone FSK modulation over white Gaussian noise channels are reported. Test results with a prototype modem developed are given. A sensing and spectrum access mechanism for devices with audio interfaces is proposed using protocol sequences.
Performance Evaluation of Variable-Rate Polynomial Phase Modulation
MILCOM 2007 - IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2007
Page 1. 1-4244-1513-06/07/$25.00 2007 IEEE Page 1 of 7 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF VARIABLE-RATE ... more Page 1. 1-4244-1513-06/07/$25.00 2007 IEEE Page 1 of 7 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF VARIABLE-RATE POLYNOMIAL PHASE MODULATION Rahul Sinha, Guillermo E. Atkin, Chi Zhou Department of Electrical and ...
Digital phase modulation using polynomial phase functions
2007 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology, 2007
Page 1. IEEE EIT 2007 Proceedings 59 . 1-4244-0941-1/07/$25.00 cс2007 IEEE Digital Phase Modulati... more Page 1. IEEE EIT 2007 Proceedings 59 . 1-4244-0941-1/07/$25.00 cс2007 IEEE Digital Phase Modulation Using Polynomial Phase Functions Rahul Sinha, Student Member, IEEE, Guillermo. E. Atkin, Senior Member, IEEE, and Chi Zhou, Member, IEEE ...
Self-assessment
Paediatrics and Child Health, 2013
Factors affecting response to medical management in patients of filarial chyluria: A prospective study
Indian journal of urology : IJU : journal of the Urological Society of India, 2014
Filarial chyluria is a common problem in filarial endemic countries. Its management begins with m... more Filarial chyluria is a common problem in filarial endemic countries. Its management begins with medical therapy but some patients progress to require surgery. The present study aimed to determine factors affecting response to medical management in patients of filarial chyluria. This prospective study conducted between August 2008 and November 2012, included conservatively managed patients of chyluria. Demographic profile, clinical presentation, treatment history and urinary triglycerides (TGs) and cholesterol levels at baseline were compared between the responders and non-responders. Apart from the clinical grade of chyluria, hematuria was evaluated as an independent risk factor. Out of the 222 patients (mean age, 37.99 ± 13.29 years, 129 males), 31 patients failed to respond while 35 had a recurrence after initial response; the overall success rate being 70.3% at a mean follow-up of 25 months. No difference was observed in demographics, clinical presentation, presence of hematuria, disease duration and mean urinary TGs loss between responders and non-responders. On multivariate analysis, patients with treatment failure were found to have a higher-grade disease (14.3% Grade-I, 36.6% Grades-II and 60% Grade-III), higher number of pretreatment courses (1.59 ± 1.08 vs. 1.02 ± 0.79) and heavier cholesterol (26.54 ± 23.46 vs. 8.81 ± 8.55 mg/dl) loss at baseline compared with responders (P < 0.05). Conservative management has a success rate in excess of 70%, not affected by the disease chronicity, previous episodes and recurrent nature. However, higher-grade disease, extensive pre-treatment with drugs and higher urinary cholesterol loss at baseline are the predictors of poor response. Hematuria is not an independent poor risk factor for conservative management.
Production of biofuel and biochar by thermal pyrolysis of linseed seed
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2013
ABSTRACT The pyrolysis oil produced from nonfood related biomass can be used both as an energy so... more ABSTRACT The pyrolysis oil produced from nonfood related biomass can be used both as an energy source and a feedstock for chemical production. In the present work, linseed seeds (Linum usitatissimum L.) were pyrolyzed in a semibatch rector at a temperature range of 350–575 °C and at a heating rate of 20 °Cmin−1. The Fourier transform infrared analysis of the biofuel indicates the functional groups such as alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and amines. The composition of the liquid product was analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and found that the main constituents were oleanitrile, n-octadecane, 2-tridecanone, heptadecanenitrile, tetradecane, and 2-nonadecanone. The obtained liquid product can be used as a valuable chemical feedstock. The physical properties of the biofuel obtained were close to that of petroleum fractions. The pyrolysis char can be used as an adsorbent as well as a solid fuel due to its high calorific value.
Urodynamic and continence assessment of orthotropic neobladder reconstruction following radical cystectomy in bladder cancer; a prospective, blinded North Indian tertiary care experience
South Asian journal of cancer, 2014
The aim of this study is to compare urodynamic and continence parameters among patients undergoin... more The aim of this study is to compare urodynamic and continence parameters among patients undergoing orthotropic neo-bladder substitution with sigmoid or ileal segments. Variations in the Urodynamic parameter between the continent and incontinent patients were also evaluated. From January 2008 to March 2012, 44 patients underwent ileal neobladder (IN) reconstruction and 36 patients underwent sigmoid neobladder (SN) reconstruction. Evaluation of Urodynamic and Continence parameters was performed at 12 months after surgery. The average capacity of IN and SN was 510 ml and 532 ml respectively. The voiding pressure, mean peak flow rates and post void residual urine (PVRU) for IN and SN were 27.5 cm H2O versus 37 cm H2O, 15ml/s versus 17ml/s and 36 ml versus 25 ml respectively. Daytime continence for IN and SN was 93% (41/44) and 89% (32/36), and night-time continence was 91% (40/44) and 78% (28/36) respectively. The compliance, maximum cystometric capacity and PVRU in the daytime continent (versus incontinent) were 61 (versus 41), 471 (versus 651) and 22 (versus 124) and in the night-time continent (versus incontinent) were 57 (versus 43), 437 (versus 654) and 18 (versus 105) respectively. A neobladder constructed from detubularized ileum or sigmoid achieves urodynamically proven adequate capacity and compliance with 89-93% daytime and 78-91% night time continence. Continent men when compared with incontinent (both daytime and night time) were more likely to have comparatively higher compliance, lower maximum cystometric capacity and lower PVRU. Urodynamic study could predict which incontinent men would improve with pelvic floor exercises and clean intermittent catheterization (CIC).
Cell, Jan 12, 2015
Most cell-surface receptors for cytokines and growth factors signal as dimers, but it is unclear ... more Most cell-surface receptors for cytokines and growth factors signal as dimers, but it is unclear whether remodeling receptor dimer topology is a viable strategy to ''tune'' signaling output. We utilized diabodies (DA) as surrogate ligands in a prototypical dimeric receptor-ligand system, the cytokine Erythropoietin (EPO) and its receptor (EpoR), to dimerize EpoR ectodomains in non-native architectures. Diabodyinduced signaling amplitudes varied from full to minimal agonism, and structures of these DA/EpoR complexes differed in EpoR dimer orientation and proximity. Diabodies also elicited biased or differential activation of signaling pathways and gene expression profiles compared to EPO. Non-signaling diabodies inhibited proliferation of erythroid precursors from patients with a myeloproliferative neoplasm due to a constitutively active JAK2V617F mutation. Thus, intracellular oncogenic mutations causing ligand-independent receptor activation can be counteracted by extracellular ligands that reorient receptors into inactive dimer topologies. This approach has broad applications for tuning signaling output for many dimeric receptor systems.
Physical review letters, Jan 29, 2006
We show using a model independent approach that the deviation in measured B 0 d − B 0 d mixing ph... more We show using a model independent approach that the deviation in measured B 0 d − B 0 d mixing phase caused by pollution from another amplitude, within the Standard Model, is always less in magnitude, and has the same sign as the weak phase of the polluting amplitude. The exception is to have large destructive interference between the two amplitudes. We demonstrate that any deviation larger than a few degrees is only possible if the observed decay rate results from fine tuned cancellations between significantly larger quark level amplitudes. These simple observations have very significant consequences for signals of New Physics.
The Indian journal of surgery, 2009
Fistula following circumcision and at times accompanied by disfi gurement of the glans penis is a... more Fistula following circumcision and at times accompanied by disfi gurement of the glans penis is a common problem in our country, where a large number of circumcision is performed by untrained professionals. These complications may have profound negative psychological impact on the growing child. Herein, we report the successful closure of such fi stula using buccal mucosa, which occurred following circumcision (for phimosis) in a 15 year old boy. This resulted in the disfi gurement of the glans penis with a distal urethral fi stula. The fi stula was managed by dorsal onlay buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty (BMGU). The patient has excellent cosmesis at 6 months followup with a good urinary stream. This technique can give better results than those, where skin grafts or local fl aps are used for fi stula closure. BMGU is a versatile technique with good long term results. The cosmesis and functional results are satisfactory and help in improving the self esteem and sexual function in the years to come.
Subacute intestinal obstruction associated with a case of polycythemia vera--a rare combination
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2009
Primary Polycythemia Vera (PV) is difficult to diagnose due to its varied and atypical 1 presenta... more Primary Polycythemia Vera (PV) is difficult to diagnose due to its varied and atypical 1 presentation. It is a myeloproliferative disorder which is managed conservatively. We submit a case report of a patient who was admitted in surgery with subacute intestinal obstruction due to compression by a massive splenic cyst. The investigations showed PV causing splenomegaly.
Physical review letters, Jan 30, 2011
We present a new method of determining the complete set of weak decay amplitudes (magnitude and p... more We present a new method of determining the complete set of weak decay amplitudes (magnitude and phase) involved in the process B → K * π. The method involves study of three body Dalitz plot and Bose symmetry of the pions, which arises from the subsequent decay of K * → Kπ.
Journal of clinical neonatology, 2013
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), in which there is a persistent communication between the descendi... more Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), in which there is a persistent communication between the descending thoracic aorta and the pulmonary artery that results from failure of normal physiologic closure of the fetal ductus, is one of the more common congenital heart defects in preterm neonates. The closure of PDA can be done with either Indomethacin or Brufen which are cyclooxygenase 1, 2 inhibitor; however these drugs are associated with side effects. We report an interesting findings of ductal closure in 10 preterm neonates (gestational age 27-33 wks) presenting with significant large PDA who had failed or had absolute contraindication with Brufen. These preterm neonates were treated with oral paracetamol in the dose of 15 mg/kg 8 hourly. The PDA closure was achieved within 48 h and there was no complication.
Urology, 2014
To determine the subjective and objective outcomes of retroperitoneoscopic vs open pyeloplasty wi... more To determine the subjective and objective outcomes of retroperitoneoscopic vs open pyeloplasty with minimal incision in a prospective randomized comparison study.
Current urology, 2013
Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel Fax +41 61 306 12 34 E-Mail karger@karger.ch www.karger.com
Current urology, 2013
Fax +41 61 306 12 34 E-Mail karger@karger.ch www.karger.com Objective: To present our experience ... more Fax +41 61 306 12 34 E-Mail karger@karger.ch www.karger.com Objective: To present our experience of treating supratrigonal vesicovaginal fistulae by laparoscopic technique and their long-term follow-up. Material and Methods: Between January 2008 and June 2012, 28 cases of supratrigonal fistulas were repaired by laparoscopic transperitoneal transvesical technique with interposition flap. The obstetric fistula was present in 18 and gynecologic fistula in 10 patients. Single supratrigonal fistula was present in 26 patients and in 2 patients there were 2 fistulae lying side to side. The vaginal opening was closed as single layer interrupted suture and cystotomy closed as single layer continious suture by 3-0 polygalactin. The omentum was used as interposition flap in all except 2 cases in whom postero-superior vesical fold of peritoneum was used. The open conversion was required in 2 cases. The urethral catheter was removed in 4 weeks following a micturating cystogram. Result: The mean fistula size was 1.2 cm (range 0.8-2.5 cm). Open conversion was performed in 2 cases of whom one had excess carbon-dioxide retention and cardiac arrhythmia and in another case the needle of 3-0 polygalactin was avulsed and lost in peritoneal cavity which was recovered following laparotomy. All patients were continent following the catheter removal. The median follow-up is 24 months. None developed any complication related to laparoscopic repair till last follow-up.
Molecular and cellular biology, 2010
Alternative splicing and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are major sources of protein dive... more Alternative splicing and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are major sources of protein diversity in eukaryotic proteomes. The SR protein SF2/ASF is an oncoprotein that functions in pre-mRNA splicing, with additional roles in other posttranscriptional and translational events. Functional studies of SR protein PTMs have focused exclusively on the reversible phosphorylation of Ser residues in the C-terminal RS domain. We confirmed that human SF2/ASF is methylated at residues R93, R97, and R109, which were identified in a global proteomic analysis of Arg methylation, and further investigated whether these methylated residues regulate the properties of SF2/ASF. We show that the three arginines additively control the subcellular localization of SF2/ASF and that both the positive charge and the methylation state are important. Mutations that block methylation and remove the positive charge result in the cytoplasmic accumulation of SF2/ASF. The consequent decrease in nuclear SF2/ASF levels prevents it from modulating the alternative splicing of target genes, results in higher translation stimulation, and abrogates the enhancement of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. This study addresses the mechanisms by which Arg methylation and the associated positive charge regulate the activities of SF2/ASF and emphasizes the significance of localization control for an oncoprotein with multiple functions in different cellular compartments.
A Sub-Band Based Technique for Low Power Medium Data Rate Ultra Wide Band Communication
2010 IEEE 71st Vehicular Technology Conference, 2010
Abstract A sub-band based ultra wideband (SUWB) system is proposed. The technique provides scope ... more Abstract A sub-band based ultra wideband (SUWB) system is proposed. The technique provides scope for using the ultra wideband bandwidth efficiently by exploiting the available link margin for short range communications. The bandwidth of 500 MHz or more is divided ...
Pediatric Surgery International, 2008
Dartos pouch creation is an important step of orchiopexy. We describe the use of the balloon of a... more Dartos pouch creation is an important step of orchiopexy. We describe the use of the balloon of a Foley catheter to distend the scrotal sac and stretch the scrotal parietal layers over it to facilitate bloodless and quick dissection for the creation of a dartos pouch.
The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 2009
An upper audio band based low data rate communication modem
2012 6th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2012
ABSTRACT Readily available audio interfaces on mobile devices (speakers and microphones) can be u... more ABSTRACT Readily available audio interfaces on mobile devices (speakers and microphones) can be used to communicate data over a short range without the need for expensive infrastructure, using the imperceptible upper audio band (16-20KHz) of frequencies. A multi-tone Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) modulation is proposed for communication over the upper audio band. Error rate performance results for Multi-tone FSK modulation over white Gaussian noise channels are reported. Test results with a prototype modem developed are given. A sensing and spectrum access mechanism for devices with audio interfaces is proposed using protocol sequences.
Performance Evaluation of Variable-Rate Polynomial Phase Modulation
MILCOM 2007 - IEEE Military Communications Conference, 2007
Page 1. 1-4244-1513-06/07/$25.00 2007 IEEE Page 1 of 7 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF VARIABLE-RATE ... more Page 1. 1-4244-1513-06/07/$25.00 2007 IEEE Page 1 of 7 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF VARIABLE-RATE POLYNOMIAL PHASE MODULATION Rahul Sinha, Guillermo E. Atkin, Chi Zhou Department of Electrical and ...
Digital phase modulation using polynomial phase functions
2007 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology, 2007
Page 1. IEEE EIT 2007 Proceedings 59 . 1-4244-0941-1/07/$25.00 cс2007 IEEE Digital Phase Modulati... more Page 1. IEEE EIT 2007 Proceedings 59 . 1-4244-0941-1/07/$25.00 cс2007 IEEE Digital Phase Modulation Using Polynomial Phase Functions Rahul Sinha, Student Member, IEEE, Guillermo. E. Atkin, Senior Member, IEEE, and Chi Zhou, Member, IEEE ...
Self-assessment
Paediatrics and Child Health, 2013
Factors affecting response to medical management in patients of filarial chyluria: A prospective study
Indian journal of urology : IJU : journal of the Urological Society of India, 2014
Filarial chyluria is a common problem in filarial endemic countries. Its management begins with m... more Filarial chyluria is a common problem in filarial endemic countries. Its management begins with medical therapy but some patients progress to require surgery. The present study aimed to determine factors affecting response to medical management in patients of filarial chyluria. This prospective study conducted between August 2008 and November 2012, included conservatively managed patients of chyluria. Demographic profile, clinical presentation, treatment history and urinary triglycerides (TGs) and cholesterol levels at baseline were compared between the responders and non-responders. Apart from the clinical grade of chyluria, hematuria was evaluated as an independent risk factor. Out of the 222 patients (mean age, 37.99 ± 13.29 years, 129 males), 31 patients failed to respond while 35 had a recurrence after initial response; the overall success rate being 70.3% at a mean follow-up of 25 months. No difference was observed in demographics, clinical presentation, presence of hematuria, disease duration and mean urinary TGs loss between responders and non-responders. On multivariate analysis, patients with treatment failure were found to have a higher-grade disease (14.3% Grade-I, 36.6% Grades-II and 60% Grade-III), higher number of pretreatment courses (1.59 ± 1.08 vs. 1.02 ± 0.79) and heavier cholesterol (26.54 ± 23.46 vs. 8.81 ± 8.55 mg/dl) loss at baseline compared with responders (P < 0.05). Conservative management has a success rate in excess of 70%, not affected by the disease chronicity, previous episodes and recurrent nature. However, higher-grade disease, extensive pre-treatment with drugs and higher urinary cholesterol loss at baseline are the predictors of poor response. Hematuria is not an independent poor risk factor for conservative management.
Production of biofuel and biochar by thermal pyrolysis of linseed seed
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2013
ABSTRACT The pyrolysis oil produced from nonfood related biomass can be used both as an energy so... more ABSTRACT The pyrolysis oil produced from nonfood related biomass can be used both as an energy source and a feedstock for chemical production. In the present work, linseed seeds (Linum usitatissimum L.) were pyrolyzed in a semibatch rector at a temperature range of 350–575 °C and at a heating rate of 20 °Cmin−1. The Fourier transform infrared analysis of the biofuel indicates the functional groups such as alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and amines. The composition of the liquid product was analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and found that the main constituents were oleanitrile, n-octadecane, 2-tridecanone, heptadecanenitrile, tetradecane, and 2-nonadecanone. The obtained liquid product can be used as a valuable chemical feedstock. The physical properties of the biofuel obtained were close to that of petroleum fractions. The pyrolysis char can be used as an adsorbent as well as a solid fuel due to its high calorific value.
Urodynamic and continence assessment of orthotropic neobladder reconstruction following radical cystectomy in bladder cancer; a prospective, blinded North Indian tertiary care experience
South Asian journal of cancer, 2014
The aim of this study is to compare urodynamic and continence parameters among patients undergoin... more The aim of this study is to compare urodynamic and continence parameters among patients undergoing orthotropic neo-bladder substitution with sigmoid or ileal segments. Variations in the Urodynamic parameter between the continent and incontinent patients were also evaluated. From January 2008 to March 2012, 44 patients underwent ileal neobladder (IN) reconstruction and 36 patients underwent sigmoid neobladder (SN) reconstruction. Evaluation of Urodynamic and Continence parameters was performed at 12 months after surgery. The average capacity of IN and SN was 510 ml and 532 ml respectively. The voiding pressure, mean peak flow rates and post void residual urine (PVRU) for IN and SN were 27.5 cm H2O versus 37 cm H2O, 15ml/s versus 17ml/s and 36 ml versus 25 ml respectively. Daytime continence for IN and SN was 93% (41/44) and 89% (32/36), and night-time continence was 91% (40/44) and 78% (28/36) respectively. The compliance, maximum cystometric capacity and PVRU in the daytime continent (versus incontinent) were 61 (versus 41), 471 (versus 651) and 22 (versus 124) and in the night-time continent (versus incontinent) were 57 (versus 43), 437 (versus 654) and 18 (versus 105) respectively. A neobladder constructed from detubularized ileum or sigmoid achieves urodynamically proven adequate capacity and compliance with 89-93% daytime and 78-91% night time continence. Continent men when compared with incontinent (both daytime and night time) were more likely to have comparatively higher compliance, lower maximum cystometric capacity and lower PVRU. Urodynamic study could predict which incontinent men would improve with pelvic floor exercises and clean intermittent catheterization (CIC).