Rajendra Desai - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Rajendra Desai

Journal of the International Clinical Dental Research Organization, 2016

Introduction: To compare the effects of hyaluronan (Gengigel) alone and in combination with scali... more Introduction: To compare the effects of hyaluronan (Gengigel) alone and in combination with scaling using clinical, microbial, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) parameters. Materials and Methods: In this, the three treatment groups included were scaling, scaling plus local application of Gengigel, and Gengigel alone. The 0.2% hyaluronic acid (HA) gel was applied topically and intrasulcularly 0.8% hyaluronan was applied. The clinical parameters, and microbial and biochemical analyses of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) LDH were assessed. Intragroup comparisons were made by Student′s unpaired t-test and intergroup comparisons were done using one-way analysis of variance followed by post hoc Turkey′s test. Results: At the end of study period (0-56 day), intergroup comparison demonstrated no significant reduction in plaque index (PI) (0.07 NS), gingival index (GI) (0.99 NS), and LDH (0.70 NS) values. A significant correlation was found between LDH values and bleeding index at all study intervals (0 days, 28 days, and 56 days); gingival index (GI) (0.007 S) was significantly correlated on day 0 and day 56. The microbial reduction was demonstrated. Conclusion: These changes in the clinical, microbial, and biochemical parameters reported with the different treatment modalities clearly support that the use of Gengigel would act as an advantageous adjunct to scaling. Further studies are required to confirm the Gengigel effect using histologic methods.

International Journal of Stem Cells, 2015

Periodontal regeneration represents the ultimate goal of periodontal therapy. The current regener... more Periodontal regeneration represents the ultimate goal of periodontal therapy. The current regenerative techniques have limited success rates especially in advanced periodontal defects. Currently the research is focused on novel cell-based approaches for periodontal regeneration to overcome the limitations of existing treatment. The human clinical trial on stem cells based periodontal regeneration is promising. The plethora of animal studies provide sound evidence to support the belief that periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) can be used for periodontal regeneration. The direct application of autologous periodontal stem cells in treatment of intrabony defects is attempted for the first time in periodontal literature. Stem cell Application in Periodontal Regeneration Technique (SAI-PRT) using direct PDLSCs has overcome the limitations and concerns of ex-vivo stem cell culture methods like high cost, technique sensitivity, loss of stemness during cell passage, genetic manipulation and tumorigenic potential. Clinical feasibility, success and cost effectiveness over currently available techniques are encouraging. The clinical utility of this novel idea is recommended.

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry, 2015

Background: Surgical removal of mandibular third molars results in some degree of post-operative ... more Background: Surgical removal of mandibular third molars results in some degree of post-operative pain, swelling and trismus. These can be controlled by proper administration of local anesthesia, careful bone removal, minimal trauma to adjacent soft tissues and administration of methylprednisolone and serratiopeptidase drugs. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of methylprednisolone and serratiopeptidase in controlling postoperative pain, swelling and trismus after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars. Material and Methods: The subjects were divided into two groups of 50 patients each undergoing surgical removal of mandibular third molars. Group A was given methylprednisolone 4mg orally every 8th hourly and Group B was given serratiopeptidase 10 mg every 12th hourly orally. Post-operatively pain, swelling and trismus were evaluated at the end of 1st, 3rd and 5thday. Results: The results of this study showed that methylprednisolone is an effective analgesic, while serratiopeptidase

Pediatrics, 1967

The absence of detectable intrinsic factor (I.F.) was observed in the gastric juice of a newborn ... more The absence of detectable intrinsic factor (I.F.) was observed in the gastric juice of a newborn with transplacentally transferred blocking antibody to I.F. (titer of 1:16). I.F. was first detected in the infant's gastric juice at 1 month of age when the circulating I.F. antibody had decreased to a titer of 1:4. Evidence is presented to suggest that, at least in newborns, circulating antibody to I.F. may suppress the gastric I.F. The possible mechanisms responsible for this suppression are discussed.

The Open Corrosion Journal, 2009

Fluorosis is one of the factors that may bring about mineralization changes in teeth. Routine tre... more Fluorosis is one of the factors that may bring about mineralization changes in teeth. Routine treatment of root biomodification is commonly followed during periodontal therapy. The purpose of the present study is to compare and evaluate the root surface changes in fluorosed and nonfluorosed teeth subsequent to the application of Tetracycline, ED-TA, and Citric acid. Both fluorosed and nonfluorosed teeth comprising of periodontally healthy and diseased, were included in this study. Each of them was grouped into Tetracycline Hydrochloride, EDTA and Citric acid treatment groups. Using Scanning electron microscope (SEM), the photomicrographs of dentin and cementum specimens were obtained. Results showed that the amount of smear layer removal and exposure of collagen matrix in dentin specimens were variable in different groups. The exposure of fibrillar structures on cementum specimens were seen significantly on healthy specimens as compared to diseased specimens. Thus, the root biomodification procedure brings in definite difference between fluorosed and non-fluorosed dentin and cementum specimens.

Archives of Disease in Childhood, 2014

ABSTRACT

Indian Journal of Dental Research, 2014

Dental handpieces, ultrasonic scalers, air polishers, air abrasion units produce the most visible... more Dental handpieces, ultrasonic scalers, air polishers, air abrasion units produce the most visible aerosols. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of chlorhexidine (CHX), povidone iodine (PI), and ozone (OZ) on the microorganisms in dental aerosols. A total of 60 patients were included in this study, they were randomly assigned into three groups and were subjected to scaling before and after rinsing with 0.2% CHX, 1% PI or irrigation with OZ. Blood agar plates were used to collect the gravitometric settling of aerosols and were sent for aerobic and anaerobic culture. The results demonstrated high percentage reduction of aerobic and anaerobic colony forming units (CFUs) in all three groups. In aerobic CFUs, CHX showed the highest reduction (57%) at mask position whereas at chest position and at 9 ft, PI showed higher CFU reductions (37% and 47%, respectively). In anaerobic CFUs, CHX showed the highest percentage of reduction at chest level (43%) and at 9 ft (44%). CHX, PI and OZ showed similar effects in reducing aerobic and anaerobic CFU&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s at the chest mask and at 9 ft. OZ can be used as a preprocedural agent, considering its beneficial effects.

Indian Pediatrics, 2014

Objectives: To determine success rate and time taken for intubation by pediatric residents/ fello... more Objectives: To determine success rate and time taken for intubation by pediatric residents/ fellows. Methods: Prospective observational study among neonates requiring endotracheal intubation. Results: 212 attempts and 118 successful intubations were recorded in 153 videos. An average of 1.93 attempts per successful intubation was observed. Success rate at first attempt and mean time taken by first year, second year, third year residents and fellows were 26% and 51.9; 79% and 39.8; 69% and 40.1; and 67% and 31.5 seconds, respectively. Complications were noted in 77 (36%) attempts. 44 (21%) intubations were performed within 30 seconds. Increase in complications was noted with increase in attempt time beyond 40 seconds. Conclusion: Skill improved from first year to second year. Most intubations exceeded 30 second time limit. There is a need to improve training methodology to ensure intubation time by health personnel does not exceed the expected time limit.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2009

who provided invaluable comments throughout the research and writing process. We are grateful to ... more who provided invaluable comments throughout the research and writing process. We are grateful to Lisa Gourd for her help with editing the final draft of the report.

Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, 2012

Transfusion, 1964

T h e purpose of this investigation was to examine aalivary secretion of A, B and H blood group s... more T h e purpose of this investigation was to examine aalivary secretion of A, B and H blood group substances in gastric cancer subjects of two ethnic group, the Asian Japanese with a known increased incidence of the disease and the U.S.A. Whites with an intermediate incidence of the disorder. Eightytwo histologically proven casea of stomach cancer and 130 control subjects from U.S.A. and 212 c a m of cancer of the stomach and 177 control subjects in Asian Japanese were tested for salivary blood group aubstances. I t was found that by mean tube titer analysh U.S.A. Whites with gastric cancer secreted more H substance than controls (p<O.OOl), and possibly more A substance (p<0.05). By similar analyeis, Japanese with gastric cancer did not secrete more of these substances as compared to their controls. When all subjects teated were assigned either secretor or nonaecretor status on the basis of bimodal distribution behavior, then more secretors were found in the Japanese gastric cancer group than in controls (p = 0.01), and a similar trend was seen in U.S.A. Whites (p.<0.05). Some observations on blood group secretor phenomena and disease are reviewed, and a speculation is offered in regard to a poasible mechanism of importance in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. This speculation attemptn to relate neoplasia of gastric epithelial cells to introduction of viral DNA, and the suggestion is made that virus might find it easier to penetrate a cell containing A substance rather than one containing H substance or none at all.

National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery, 2010

Oral cancer is the sixth most common malignancy but in western worlds it remains relatively rare ... more Oral cancer is the sixth most common malignancy but in western worlds it remains relatively rare and accounts for less than 2% of all malignant tumors; the majority are mucosal squamous cell carcinomas. There is concern, however, that the incidence may be increasing and oral cancer is obviously the most important tumor in the maxillofacial region. Oral squamous cell carcinoma has a relatively poor prognosis for what should be an easily diagnosed disease. It might be expected that early diagnosis would be the norm but unfortunately many patients still present with advanced disease. The treatment of oral cancer is also stage dependent because interference with cosmesis and function is likely to be greater in more advanced disease. It is also important to recognize that oral cancer is in some way the most challenging aspect of head and neck tumor management. Although oral cancers are included in the term "Head and neck cancer," it represents unique problems

Liver Transplantation, 2008

Liver transplantation provides a return to a satisfactory quality of life (QOL) for the majority ... more Liver transplantation provides a return to a satisfactory quality of life (QOL) for the majority of patients in the short to medium term (first 5 years), but there is very little information on the QOL in the longer term and the factors influencing it. We therefore undertook a single-center cross-sectional analysis to determine QOL in patients 10 or more years after liver transplantation. All liver transplant recipients who were followed up at the Cambridge Transplant Unit for 10 or more years (transplanted between 1968 and 1994) and resident in the United Kingdom were asked to complete by post the Short Form 36 version 2 and the Ferrans and Powers questionnaires to evaluate their QOL. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to assess the relationship between a range of clinical parameters and QOL. One hundred two patients were invited to participate, and 61 (59.8%) responded. Overall, the patients reported a satisfactory QOL. On the Ferrans and Powers questionnaire, the patients had a mean Quality of Life Index score of 24.5. Factors associated with reduced physical functioning were age &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; 50 years at transplantation, female gender, and recurrence of the primary liver disease. On the Short Form 36 version 2 questionnaire, recipients had reduced physical functioning but normal mental health parameters in comparison with the normal population. Age &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; 60 years at the time of survey, female gender, and posttransplant complications were associated with reduced physical functioning. In conclusion, patients 10 or more years after liver transplantation generally have a good QOL, although physical functioning is reduced. Addressing issues such as recurrent disease and posttransplant problems such as osteoporosis may help to improve long-term QOL.

JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 1963

without use of reflecting mirrored surfaces. Photography was done using Ektachrome Type B film (K... more without use of reflecting mirrored surfaces. Photography was done using Ektachrome Type B film (Kodak), the exposures varying between 2-5 minutes.

JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 1977

Diabetes insipidus following cardiac arrest and hypoxemic encephalopathy occurred in two patients... more Diabetes insipidus following cardiac arrest and hypoxemic encephalopathy occurred in two patients. In both, severe hypoxemic brain damage was followed within three days by clinical and laboratory features of diabetes insipidus, which were corrected by administration of exogenous vasopressin. Hypothalamic injury resulting in diabetes insipidus should be considered in the differential diagnosis of polyuria and dehydration occurring in critically ill patients who have suffered cardiorespiratory arrest.

British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2011

Injections of lignocaine as local anaesthetic for pain control in oral and maxillofacial surgery ... more Injections of lignocaine as local anaesthetic for pain control in oral and maxillofacial surgery can themselves be painful. The time of onset of anaesthesia is from 3 to 5 min. Sodium bicarbonate has been used worldwide to reduce both these drawbacks to the injection, so making procedures more acceptable. This randomised prospective trial of 100 patients aged 18-55 years who were given 3 nerve blocks (inferior alveolar, lingual, and long buccal) was designed to assess the effect of alkalinisation of the lignocaine solution with sodium bicarbonate. All patients were given 2% lignocaine hydrochloride with adrenaline 1:80,000 and 50 patients were randomly allocated to be given 8.4% sodium bicarbonate in a 1/10 dilution. Pain was measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS). No patient given the injection with sodium bicarbonate complained of pain, compared with 39/50 (78%) not given sodium bicarbonate (p < 0.0001). The mean (SD) time (seconds) to onset of local anaesthesia in the group given sodium bicarbonate was 34.4 (9.8) compared with 109.8 (31.6) in the control group (p < 0.001). Our results have confirmed the efficacy of the alkalinised local anaesthetic solution in reducing pain on injection and resulting in quicker onset of anaesthesia.

Biodemography and Social Biology, 1962

American Journal of Hematology, 1977

Sudden, severe thrombocytopenia developed in each of three patients receiving diphenylhydantoin, ... more Sudden, severe thrombocytopenia developed in each of three patients receiving diphenylhydantoin, diazepam, and sulfisoxazole, respectively. Recovery followed discontinuance of the drugs. An antiplatelet antibody requiring the presence of an appropriate drug for interaction with platelets was demonstrated in each case by the 51Cr platelet lysis test using normal, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuric, or enzyme‐treated normal platelets as target cells. These antibodies could not be detected by techniques that depend on clot retraction inhibition, complement fixation, or platelet factor‐3 activation. Quinine‐ and quinidine‐dependent antiplatelet antibodies in the serum of 16 patients who developed acute thrombocytopenia while taking either quinine or quinidine could be demonstrated readily with the 51Cr platelet lysis test and could also be detected by other methods employed.

American Heart Journal, 1996