L. Ratke - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by L. Ratke

Research paper thumbnail of Multiphase solidification in multicomponent alloys

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, 2004

Multiphase solidification in multicomponent alloys is pertinent to many commercial materials and ... more Multiphase solidification in multicomponent alloys is pertinent to many commercial materials and industrial processes, while also raising challenging questions from a fundamental point of view. Within the past few years, research activities dedicated to multiphase ...

Research paper thumbnail of Interfacial properties of immiscible Co–Cu alloys

Journal of Materials Science, 2010

ABSTRACT Using electromagnetic levitation under microgravity conditions, the interfacial properti... more ABSTRACT Using electromagnetic levitation under microgravity conditions, the interfacial properties of an Cu75Co25 alloy have been investigated in the liquid phase. This alloy exhibits a metastable liquid miscibility gap and can be prepared and levitated in a configuration consisting of a liquid cobalt-rich core surrounded by a liquid copper-rich shell. Exciting drop oscillations and analysing the frequency spectrum, both surface and (liquid–liquid) interfacial tension can be derived from the observed oscillation frequencies. This paper briefly reviews the theoretical background and reports on a recent experiment carried out on board the TEXUS 44 sounding rocket.

Research paper thumbnail of Surface Tension, Phase Separation, and Solidification of Undercooled Cobalt–Copper Alloys

Advanced Engineering Materials, 2003

Research paper thumbnail of On the diffuse interface theory of nucleation

Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia, 1994

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Diffuse interface model of bulk heterogeneous nucleation

Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia, 1994

Research paper thumbnail of Ostwald ripening of cobalt particles in liquid copper

Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia, 1993

Research paper thumbnail of Advances of and by phase-field modelling in condensed-matter physics (vol 57, pg 1, 2008)

Research paper thumbnail of Multiphase solidification in multicomponent alloys

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, 2004

Multiphase solidification in multicomponent alloys is pertinent to many commercial materials and ... more Multiphase solidification in multicomponent alloys is pertinent to many commercial materials and industrial processes, while also raising challenging questions from a fundamental point of view. Within the past few years, research activities dedicated to multiphase ...

Research paper thumbnail of Formation of the Microstructure in a Rapidly Solidified Cu-Co Alloy

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2007

ABSTRACT A model is developed to describe the microstructure evolution in a Cu-Co drop during coo... more ABSTRACT A model is developed to describe the microstructure evolution in a Cu-Co drop during cooling in the metastable miscibility gap in the liquid state. Rapid solidification experiments have been performed with Cu84Co16 alloy in a drop tube. The kinetic details of the liquid-liquid phase transformation in the Cu-Co drops have been calculated. The results demonstrate that the microstructure development is dominated by the common action of the nucleation and the diffusional growth of the minority phase precipitates under rapid solidification conditions. The calculated size distribution of the Co precipitates in powders and their average radius as a function of cooling rate are compared with the experimental results. The agreement is satisfactory.

Research paper thumbnail of Crystal orientation and morphology in Al-Ag-Cu ternary eutectic

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2012

Ternary eutectics provide a unique opportunity for studying the effects of complex microstructure... more Ternary eutectics provide a unique opportunity for studying the effects of complex microstructure formation, as three distinct phases must be formed simultaneously from the melt. In order to produce fully coupled three-phase growth, Al-Ag-Cu at the ternary eutectic composition was directionally solidified in a constant temperature gradient of 3 K/mm at velocities between 0.2 and 5.0 µm/sec. Under these conditions, the two intermetallic phases appear to grow as closely coupled rods in an α(Al) matrix, with the solidification velocity affecting the specific morphologies chosen by the rods and the general degree of alignment of the structure. Crystal orientations were examined by EBSD to determine if variations in morphology within a single sample are due to specific orientation relationships. Although no conclusive connection to morphology has yet been found, two different sets of orientation relationships between the three phases have thus far been identified.

Research paper thumbnail of Microstructure evolution during a liquid–liquid decomposition under the common action of the nucleation, growth and Ostwald ripening of droplets

International Journal of Materials Research, 2009

eutschesZentrumf ür Luft-und Raumfahrt (DLR),K öln,G ermany Microstructuree volution during aliqu... more eutschesZentrumf ür Luft-und Raumfahrt (DLR),K öln,G ermany Microstructuree volution during aliquid-liquid decompositionundert he common action of the nucleation,growthand Ostwald ripening of droplets

Research paper thumbnail of Multi-droplet Marangoni motion in immiscible AlSiBi alloys — Results of a D-2 experiment

Advances in Space Research, 1995

In the Isothermal Heating Facility (IHF) of the Werkstofflabor on board the D2-mission we perform... more In the Isothermal Heating Facility (IHF) of the Werkstofflabor on board the D2-mission we performed directional melting and solidification experiments with liquid immiscible AlSiBi alloys. Their main objective was to investigate the Marangoni motion of a large number of Bi droplets within a well defined temperature field ahead of the solid-liquid interface, their hydrodynamic interaction and thus the collision and

Research paper thumbnail of A bridge from monotectic alloys to liquid-phase-separated bulk metallic glasses: Design, microstructure and phase evolution

Research paper thumbnail of Lead-free bearing alloys for engine applications

Recent developments to reduce fuel consumption, emission and air pollution, size and weight of en... more Recent developments to reduce fuel consumption, emission and air pollution, size and weight of engines for automotive, truck, ship propulsion and electrical power generation lead to temperature and load conditions within engines that cannot be provided by conventional bearings. Therefore a European project has been established to develop a technically usable aluminium based lead free bearing material with sufficient hardness, wear and friction properties and good corrosion resistance to be produced with semi-continuous casting process. The paper describes the scientific challenges, approaches to tackle the solidification and casting problems and presents some illustrative research results.

Research paper thumbnail of Multiphase solidification in multicomponent alloys

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, 2004

Multiphase solidification in multicomponent alloys is pertinent to many commercial materials and ... more Multiphase solidification in multicomponent alloys is pertinent to many commercial materials and industrial processes, while also raising challenging questions from a fundamental point of view. Within the past few years, research activities dedicated to multiphase ...

Research paper thumbnail of Interfacial properties of immiscible Co–Cu alloys

Journal of Materials Science, 2010

ABSTRACT Using electromagnetic levitation under microgravity conditions, the interfacial properti... more ABSTRACT Using electromagnetic levitation under microgravity conditions, the interfacial properties of an Cu75Co25 alloy have been investigated in the liquid phase. This alloy exhibits a metastable liquid miscibility gap and can be prepared and levitated in a configuration consisting of a liquid cobalt-rich core surrounded by a liquid copper-rich shell. Exciting drop oscillations and analysing the frequency spectrum, both surface and (liquid–liquid) interfacial tension can be derived from the observed oscillation frequencies. This paper briefly reviews the theoretical background and reports on a recent experiment carried out on board the TEXUS 44 sounding rocket.

Research paper thumbnail of Surface Tension, Phase Separation, and Solidification of Undercooled Cobalt–Copper Alloys

Advanced Engineering Materials, 2003

Research paper thumbnail of On the diffuse interface theory of nucleation

Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia, 1994

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Diffuse interface model of bulk heterogeneous nucleation

Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia, 1994

Research paper thumbnail of Ostwald ripening of cobalt particles in liquid copper

Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia, 1993

Research paper thumbnail of Advances of and by phase-field modelling in condensed-matter physics (vol 57, pg 1, 2008)

Research paper thumbnail of Multiphase solidification in multicomponent alloys

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, 2004

Multiphase solidification in multicomponent alloys is pertinent to many commercial materials and ... more Multiphase solidification in multicomponent alloys is pertinent to many commercial materials and industrial processes, while also raising challenging questions from a fundamental point of view. Within the past few years, research activities dedicated to multiphase ...

Research paper thumbnail of Formation of the Microstructure in a Rapidly Solidified Cu-Co Alloy

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2007

ABSTRACT A model is developed to describe the microstructure evolution in a Cu-Co drop during coo... more ABSTRACT A model is developed to describe the microstructure evolution in a Cu-Co drop during cooling in the metastable miscibility gap in the liquid state. Rapid solidification experiments have been performed with Cu84Co16 alloy in a drop tube. The kinetic details of the liquid-liquid phase transformation in the Cu-Co drops have been calculated. The results demonstrate that the microstructure development is dominated by the common action of the nucleation and the diffusional growth of the minority phase precipitates under rapid solidification conditions. The calculated size distribution of the Co precipitates in powders and their average radius as a function of cooling rate are compared with the experimental results. The agreement is satisfactory.

Research paper thumbnail of Crystal orientation and morphology in Al-Ag-Cu ternary eutectic

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2012

Ternary eutectics provide a unique opportunity for studying the effects of complex microstructure... more Ternary eutectics provide a unique opportunity for studying the effects of complex microstructure formation, as three distinct phases must be formed simultaneously from the melt. In order to produce fully coupled three-phase growth, Al-Ag-Cu at the ternary eutectic composition was directionally solidified in a constant temperature gradient of 3 K/mm at velocities between 0.2 and 5.0 µm/sec. Under these conditions, the two intermetallic phases appear to grow as closely coupled rods in an α(Al) matrix, with the solidification velocity affecting the specific morphologies chosen by the rods and the general degree of alignment of the structure. Crystal orientations were examined by EBSD to determine if variations in morphology within a single sample are due to specific orientation relationships. Although no conclusive connection to morphology has yet been found, two different sets of orientation relationships between the three phases have thus far been identified.

Research paper thumbnail of Microstructure evolution during a liquid–liquid decomposition under the common action of the nucleation, growth and Ostwald ripening of droplets

International Journal of Materials Research, 2009

eutschesZentrumf ür Luft-und Raumfahrt (DLR),K öln,G ermany Microstructuree volution during aliqu... more eutschesZentrumf ür Luft-und Raumfahrt (DLR),K öln,G ermany Microstructuree volution during aliquid-liquid decompositionundert he common action of the nucleation,growthand Ostwald ripening of droplets

Research paper thumbnail of Multi-droplet Marangoni motion in immiscible AlSiBi alloys — Results of a D-2 experiment

Advances in Space Research, 1995

In the Isothermal Heating Facility (IHF) of the Werkstofflabor on board the D2-mission we perform... more In the Isothermal Heating Facility (IHF) of the Werkstofflabor on board the D2-mission we performed directional melting and solidification experiments with liquid immiscible AlSiBi alloys. Their main objective was to investigate the Marangoni motion of a large number of Bi droplets within a well defined temperature field ahead of the solid-liquid interface, their hydrodynamic interaction and thus the collision and

Research paper thumbnail of A bridge from monotectic alloys to liquid-phase-separated bulk metallic glasses: Design, microstructure and phase evolution

Research paper thumbnail of Lead-free bearing alloys for engine applications

Recent developments to reduce fuel consumption, emission and air pollution, size and weight of en... more Recent developments to reduce fuel consumption, emission and air pollution, size and weight of engines for automotive, truck, ship propulsion and electrical power generation lead to temperature and load conditions within engines that cannot be provided by conventional bearings. Therefore a European project has been established to develop a technically usable aluminium based lead free bearing material with sufficient hardness, wear and friction properties and good corrosion resistance to be produced with semi-continuous casting process. The paper describes the scientific challenges, approaches to tackle the solidification and casting problems and presents some illustrative research results.