Raul Blanco - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Raul Blanco
13th International Conference on Space Operations 2014, 2014
Resumen Los linfomas no Hodgkin de grado intermedio y alto de malignidad y los linfomas primarios... more Resumen Los linfomas no Hodgkin de grado intermedio y alto de malignidad y los linfomas primarios del sistema nervioso central, son marcadores del síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida. El compromiso del cavum y la orofaringe por estos tumores es raro y ha sido poco descripto en la literatura, pero puede ser el sitio de localización primaria del tumor. Presentamos un paciente hemofílico, seropositivo para HIV-1, con un linfoma de cavum. El diagnóstico histopatológico fue de linfoma centroblástico polimorfo de alto grado de malignidad. Fue tratado con poliquimioterapia más quimioterapia intratecal y terapia antirretroviral de alta eficacia (HAART), con excelente evolución. Luego de más de un año del diagnóstico, el paciente permanece asintomático, sin evidencia de recidiva de la neoplasia y con buena respuesta a la HAART.
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1942
Page 1. E527 Patología Cervical y Facial Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2006;11:E527-30. © Medicin... more Page 1. E527 Patología Cervical y Facial Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2006;11:E527-30. © Medicina Oral SL Email: medicina@medicinaoral.com Mucocele del seno frontal con extensión intraorbitaria e intracraneal Beatriz ...
Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontology, 2007
The purpose of this review is to assess the use of a manual trephine for harvesting bone grafts f... more The purpose of this review is to assess the use of a manual trephine for harvesting bone grafts from the medial aspect of proximal tibia.The medial approach for proximal tibia is described with detailed landmarks and anatomic relationships, pointing out the advantages of using a manual trephine. A retrospective review of 33 patients who underwent this technique in a 3-year period is reported.The medial aspect of proximal tibia was found to supply the requirements of cancellous bone graft for all the osseous defects, with the exception of bilateral sinus lifts. There were no major complications at the donor site; only 2 cases of local infection and unaesthetic scar were found, respectively. Morbidity at the receptor site was attributable to the lack of soft tissue coverage.Medial approach for proximal tibia with a manual trephine seems to be a valuable tool to harvest autogenous cancellous bone grafts with simplicity, safety, and predictability.
Journal of the Medical Association of Georgia, 2012
Journal of cardiac failure, 2012
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) from ventricular tachyarrhythmias accounts for approximately 450,000 a... more Sudden cardiac death (SCD) from ventricular tachyarrhythmias accounts for approximately 450,000 annual deaths in the United States; many of these cases involve patients with chronic heart failure (HF). Prediction of which HF patients are most susceptible to SCD is difficult, and it is uncertain whether gene polymorphisms associated with HF outcomes are also linked to arrhythmic risk. We evaluated 485 patients with chronic HF to see whether the angiotensin receptor type 1 (AT1R) 1166A/C or angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) polymorphisms were associated with a higher rate of ventricular arrhythmias requiring implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapies over a 5-year period. We assessed the correlation between polymorphisms and antitachycardia pacing (ATP) and/or ICD shocks. Patients with AT1R-1166CC genotype had an increased rate of all events: ATP plus ICD shocks (P = .02). There was no association between ACE I/D genotype and ICD therapies. Furthermore, circulating levels of microRNA-155 (miR-155), a microRNA known to posttranscriptionally regulate AT1R expression, were significantly decreased in the CC compared with the AC and AA genotypes and were associated with ICD events. Our study suggests that the AT1R-1166CC genotype is associated with increased ICD therapies in patients with chronic HF, and the level of circulating miR-155 may be a potential marker for arrhythmic risk. Although these findings are novel, they will need replication and validation in larger cohorts of chronic HF patients.
European Polymer Journal, 2010
New luminescent polymers containing two individual emission species-poly(fluorene-altphenylene) a... more New luminescent polymers containing two individual emission species-poly(fluorene-altphenylene) as a blue host and variable amounts of 1,8-naphthalimide as red dopant have been designed and synthesized. Optical studies (optical absorption (OA) and steady-state photoluminescence emission (PL)) in diluted solutions and thin solid films reveal that the emission spectrum can be tuned by varying the content of 1,8-naphthalimide moieties. Although no significant interaction can be observed between both moieties in the ground state, after photoexcitation an efficient energy transfer takes place from the PFP backbone to the red chromophore, indeed, by adjusting the polymer/naphthalimide ratio it is possible to obtain single polymers which emit white light to the human eye in solid state. Energy transfer is more effective in the co-polymers than in physical mixtures of the two chromophores. We prepared single-layer electroluminescent simple devices with structure: ITO/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/ active layer/Ba/Al. With this single layer-single component device structure, white light with Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) color coordinates (0.3, 0.42) is obtained for the electroluminescence (EL) emission with an efficiency of 22.62 Cd/A.
Tetrahedron Letters, 2008
A convenient and straightforward procedure has been developed for the preparation of functionaliz... more A convenient and straightforward procedure has been developed for the preparation of functionalized 3,4-ethylenedithiathiophene (EDTT) derivatives by using a new bromomethyl–EDTT derivative as a versatile synthon. Based on this procedure a novel EDTT derivative endowed with 9,10-anthraquinone moieties has been synthesized and electrochemically polymerized to yield a donor–acceptor PEDTT derivative.
Organic Letters, 2007
A peryleneamidine monoimide-fused terthiophene with a band gap of 1.4 eV has been synthesized. Th... more A peryleneamidine monoimide-fused terthiophene with a band gap of 1.4 eV has been synthesized. The donor−acceptor system can be electropolymerized to generate a functionalized polythiophene with a band gap of 0.9 eV and with ambipolar characteristics showing high electroactivity in both the p-and the n-doping process. This is the first example of a p-type conjugated polymer in direct conjugation with n-type perylenemonoimide moieties.
Macromolecules, 2007
We describe the synthesis and characterization of a novel poly(fluorene-alt-phenylene) substitute... more We describe the synthesis and characterization of a novel poly(fluorene-alt-phenylene) substituted with perylenediimide (PDI) moieties as pendant groups. Cyclic voltammetry experiments show the amphoteric nature of the material, which combines the good electron donor ability of ...
Chemistry of Materials, 2006
ABSTRACT Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is frequently used as a conducting layer in var... more ABSTRACT Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is frequently used as a conducting layer in various applications, e.g., organic devices. However, the modification of the precursor 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) has only very recently received some attention. Here, we report the efficient synthesis of chloromethyl-functionalized EDOT 3 which is a versatile intermediate to easily access functionalized EDOT derivatives and their corresponding PEDOTs bearing, e.g., electron acceptor groups. In this respect, novel EDOT derivatives 11−13 covalently functionalized with 9,10-anthraquinone (AQ), perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI), and 11,11,12,12-tetracyano-9,10-anthraquinodimethane (TCAQ) have been synthesized and potentiodynamically electropolymerized. The redox properties of the new polymers P11−P13 were investigated, indicating that in the hybrid systems, both the PEDOT backbone and the acceptor moieties basically retain their individual properties. In the same line, optical spectra reveal the superimposition of the optical transitions of the individual π-systems.
Journal of Polymer Science Part A-polymer Chemistry, 2009
Novel poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) polymers bearing imidazolium-ionic liquid moieties... more Novel poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) polymers bearing imidazolium-ionic liquid moieties were synthesized by electrochemical polymerizations. For this purpose, new functional monomers were synthesized having an 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) unit and an imidazolium-ionic liquid with different anions such as tetrafluoroborate (BF), bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide ((CF3SO2)2N−), and hexafluorophosphate (PF). Next, polymer films were obtained by electrochemical synthesis in dicholoromethane solutions. Obtained polymers were characterized, revealing the characteristics of PEDOT in terms of electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties, FTIR, 1H NMR, and AFM microscopy. Interestingly, the hydrophobic character of electropolymerized films could be modified depending on the anion type. The hydrophobicity followed the trend PF > (CF3SO2)2N− > BF > pure PEDOT as determined by water contact angle measurements. Furthermore, the polymers could be dissolved in a range of polar organic solvents such as dimethylformamide, propylene carbonate, and dimethyl sulfoxide making these polymers interesting candidates for wet processing methods. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 3010–3021, 2009
Chemical Communications, 2008
Efficient post-functionalization of conductive polymer films was achieved by Cu(+)-catalyzed &... more Efficient post-functionalization of conductive polymer films was achieved by Cu(+)-catalyzed "click"-cycloaddition of novel poly(azidomethyl-EDOT) and various functionalized terminal alkynes under mild heterogeneous conditions with high conversion efficiencies.
Tetrahedron Letters, 2008
... 8 In this regard, the synthetic methodology developed by Blanchard et al. is relevant for the... more ... 8 In this regard, the synthetic methodology developed by Blanchard et al. is relevant for the synthesis of 3,4-dialkylsulfanylthiophenes. ... 1 P. Blanchard, P. Leriche, P. Frère and J. Roncali, TA Skotheim, JR Reynolds, Editors Handbook of Conducting Polymers, Vol. ...
We report white electroluminescence from a single component-single layer solution processed organ... more We report white electroluminescence from a single component-single layer solution processed organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this work, we have fabricated and characterized OLEDs based on a single polymer synthesized by incorporating a small amount of the orange-light emitting chromophore 1,8-Naphtalimide derivative as side chain to poly(fluorene-alt-phenylene) (PFP). The structure of the devices is ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Active layer/Al. The dopant unit was convalenttly attached to the side chain of polyfluorene by alkyl spacers. We have fabricated devices with different amounts of the orange chromophore (0, 0.0005, 0.005, 0.02 and 0.08 in weight) as well as a device based on a physical blend in the same proportion of 0.08 for comparison purposes. Absorption and Photoluminescence (PL) studies in thin films show no significant interaction can be observed between both moieties in the ground state, but after photoexcitation an efficient energy transfer takes place from PFP to the orange chromophore. We have observed a more efficient energy transfer in these compounds than for physical mixtures of the two chromophores due to a phase separation effect in the blend confirmed by the optical measurements and ESEM analysis, obtaining energy transfer even in diluted solutions from the intramolecular interaction in the copolymers. With this very simple device structure, white light with Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordenates (0.34;0.43) is obtained for the electroluminescence (EL) emission and turn on voltage of 6 V for the device based on the copolymer with x = 0.02, together with a good match in the EL and PL spectra indicative that two emissions are produced by the same species, making this material very suitable for large area solution processed devices in solid state illumination.
Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2006
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and flutter are common following cardiac surgery, increasing costs and m... more Atrial fibrillation (AF) and flutter are common following cardiac surgery, increasing costs and morbidity. Cardiologists need a method to discern those patients who are at high risk for this arrhythmia in order to attempt to treat them by either pharmacologic or non-pharmacologic means. We performed a retrospective analysis of 377 CABG patients, of which 94 developed AF post-operatively. Feature selection and AF occurrence prediction was performed using a multivariate regression model, and two rough set derived rule classifiers. The rough set derived feature subset performed best with an accuracy of 87%, a sensitivity of 58.5%, and a specificity of 96.5%. This shows the importance of testing feature subsets, thereby discouraging the practice of simply combining the best individual predictors. The utility of rough set theory in prediction of cardiac arrhythmia is also validated.
13th International Conference on Space Operations 2014, 2014
Resumen Los linfomas no Hodgkin de grado intermedio y alto de malignidad y los linfomas primarios... more Resumen Los linfomas no Hodgkin de grado intermedio y alto de malignidad y los linfomas primarios del sistema nervioso central, son marcadores del síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida. El compromiso del cavum y la orofaringe por estos tumores es raro y ha sido poco descripto en la literatura, pero puede ser el sitio de localización primaria del tumor. Presentamos un paciente hemofílico, seropositivo para HIV-1, con un linfoma de cavum. El diagnóstico histopatológico fue de linfoma centroblástico polimorfo de alto grado de malignidad. Fue tratado con poliquimioterapia más quimioterapia intratecal y terapia antirretroviral de alta eficacia (HAART), con excelente evolución. Luego de más de un año del diagnóstico, el paciente permanece asintomático, sin evidencia de recidiva de la neoplasia y con buena respuesta a la HAART.
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 1942
Page 1. E527 Patología Cervical y Facial Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2006;11:E527-30. © Medicin... more Page 1. E527 Patología Cervical y Facial Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2006;11:E527-30. © Medicina Oral SL Email: medicina@medicinaoral.com Mucocele del seno frontal con extensión intraorbitaria e intracraneal Beatriz ...
Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontology, 2007
The purpose of this review is to assess the use of a manual trephine for harvesting bone grafts f... more The purpose of this review is to assess the use of a manual trephine for harvesting bone grafts from the medial aspect of proximal tibia.The medial approach for proximal tibia is described with detailed landmarks and anatomic relationships, pointing out the advantages of using a manual trephine. A retrospective review of 33 patients who underwent this technique in a 3-year period is reported.The medial aspect of proximal tibia was found to supply the requirements of cancellous bone graft for all the osseous defects, with the exception of bilateral sinus lifts. There were no major complications at the donor site; only 2 cases of local infection and unaesthetic scar were found, respectively. Morbidity at the receptor site was attributable to the lack of soft tissue coverage.Medial approach for proximal tibia with a manual trephine seems to be a valuable tool to harvest autogenous cancellous bone grafts with simplicity, safety, and predictability.
Journal of the Medical Association of Georgia, 2012
Journal of cardiac failure, 2012
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) from ventricular tachyarrhythmias accounts for approximately 450,000 a... more Sudden cardiac death (SCD) from ventricular tachyarrhythmias accounts for approximately 450,000 annual deaths in the United States; many of these cases involve patients with chronic heart failure (HF). Prediction of which HF patients are most susceptible to SCD is difficult, and it is uncertain whether gene polymorphisms associated with HF outcomes are also linked to arrhythmic risk. We evaluated 485 patients with chronic HF to see whether the angiotensin receptor type 1 (AT1R) 1166A/C or angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) polymorphisms were associated with a higher rate of ventricular arrhythmias requiring implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapies over a 5-year period. We assessed the correlation between polymorphisms and antitachycardia pacing (ATP) and/or ICD shocks. Patients with AT1R-1166CC genotype had an increased rate of all events: ATP plus ICD shocks (P = .02). There was no association between ACE I/D genotype and ICD therapies. Furthermore, circulating levels of microRNA-155 (miR-155), a microRNA known to posttranscriptionally regulate AT1R expression, were significantly decreased in the CC compared with the AC and AA genotypes and were associated with ICD events. Our study suggests that the AT1R-1166CC genotype is associated with increased ICD therapies in patients with chronic HF, and the level of circulating miR-155 may be a potential marker for arrhythmic risk. Although these findings are novel, they will need replication and validation in larger cohorts of chronic HF patients.
European Polymer Journal, 2010
New luminescent polymers containing two individual emission species-poly(fluorene-altphenylene) a... more New luminescent polymers containing two individual emission species-poly(fluorene-altphenylene) as a blue host and variable amounts of 1,8-naphthalimide as red dopant have been designed and synthesized. Optical studies (optical absorption (OA) and steady-state photoluminescence emission (PL)) in diluted solutions and thin solid films reveal that the emission spectrum can be tuned by varying the content of 1,8-naphthalimide moieties. Although no significant interaction can be observed between both moieties in the ground state, after photoexcitation an efficient energy transfer takes place from the PFP backbone to the red chromophore, indeed, by adjusting the polymer/naphthalimide ratio it is possible to obtain single polymers which emit white light to the human eye in solid state. Energy transfer is more effective in the co-polymers than in physical mixtures of the two chromophores. We prepared single-layer electroluminescent simple devices with structure: ITO/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/ active layer/Ba/Al. With this single layer-single component device structure, white light with Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) color coordinates (0.3, 0.42) is obtained for the electroluminescence (EL) emission with an efficiency of 22.62 Cd/A.
Tetrahedron Letters, 2008
A convenient and straightforward procedure has been developed for the preparation of functionaliz... more A convenient and straightforward procedure has been developed for the preparation of functionalized 3,4-ethylenedithiathiophene (EDTT) derivatives by using a new bromomethyl–EDTT derivative as a versatile synthon. Based on this procedure a novel EDTT derivative endowed with 9,10-anthraquinone moieties has been synthesized and electrochemically polymerized to yield a donor–acceptor PEDTT derivative.
Organic Letters, 2007
A peryleneamidine monoimide-fused terthiophene with a band gap of 1.4 eV has been synthesized. Th... more A peryleneamidine monoimide-fused terthiophene with a band gap of 1.4 eV has been synthesized. The donor−acceptor system can be electropolymerized to generate a functionalized polythiophene with a band gap of 0.9 eV and with ambipolar characteristics showing high electroactivity in both the p-and the n-doping process. This is the first example of a p-type conjugated polymer in direct conjugation with n-type perylenemonoimide moieties.
Macromolecules, 2007
We describe the synthesis and characterization of a novel poly(fluorene-alt-phenylene) substitute... more We describe the synthesis and characterization of a novel poly(fluorene-alt-phenylene) substituted with perylenediimide (PDI) moieties as pendant groups. Cyclic voltammetry experiments show the amphoteric nature of the material, which combines the good electron donor ability of ...
Chemistry of Materials, 2006
ABSTRACT Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is frequently used as a conducting layer in var... more ABSTRACT Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is frequently used as a conducting layer in various applications, e.g., organic devices. However, the modification of the precursor 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) has only very recently received some attention. Here, we report the efficient synthesis of chloromethyl-functionalized EDOT 3 which is a versatile intermediate to easily access functionalized EDOT derivatives and their corresponding PEDOTs bearing, e.g., electron acceptor groups. In this respect, novel EDOT derivatives 11−13 covalently functionalized with 9,10-anthraquinone (AQ), perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI), and 11,11,12,12-tetracyano-9,10-anthraquinodimethane (TCAQ) have been synthesized and potentiodynamically electropolymerized. The redox properties of the new polymers P11−P13 were investigated, indicating that in the hybrid systems, both the PEDOT backbone and the acceptor moieties basically retain their individual properties. In the same line, optical spectra reveal the superimposition of the optical transitions of the individual π-systems.
Journal of Polymer Science Part A-polymer Chemistry, 2009
Novel poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) polymers bearing imidazolium-ionic liquid moieties... more Novel poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) polymers bearing imidazolium-ionic liquid moieties were synthesized by electrochemical polymerizations. For this purpose, new functional monomers were synthesized having an 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) unit and an imidazolium-ionic liquid with different anions such as tetrafluoroborate (BF), bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide ((CF3SO2)2N−), and hexafluorophosphate (PF). Next, polymer films were obtained by electrochemical synthesis in dicholoromethane solutions. Obtained polymers were characterized, revealing the characteristics of PEDOT in terms of electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties, FTIR, 1H NMR, and AFM microscopy. Interestingly, the hydrophobic character of electropolymerized films could be modified depending on the anion type. The hydrophobicity followed the trend PF > (CF3SO2)2N− > BF > pure PEDOT as determined by water contact angle measurements. Furthermore, the polymers could be dissolved in a range of polar organic solvents such as dimethylformamide, propylene carbonate, and dimethyl sulfoxide making these polymers interesting candidates for wet processing methods. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 3010–3021, 2009
Chemical Communications, 2008
Efficient post-functionalization of conductive polymer films was achieved by Cu(+)-catalyzed &... more Efficient post-functionalization of conductive polymer films was achieved by Cu(+)-catalyzed "click"-cycloaddition of novel poly(azidomethyl-EDOT) and various functionalized terminal alkynes under mild heterogeneous conditions with high conversion efficiencies.
Tetrahedron Letters, 2008
... 8 In this regard, the synthetic methodology developed by Blanchard et al. is relevant for the... more ... 8 In this regard, the synthetic methodology developed by Blanchard et al. is relevant for the synthesis of 3,4-dialkylsulfanylthiophenes. ... 1 P. Blanchard, P. Leriche, P. Frère and J. Roncali, TA Skotheim, JR Reynolds, Editors Handbook of Conducting Polymers, Vol. ...
We report white electroluminescence from a single component-single layer solution processed organ... more We report white electroluminescence from a single component-single layer solution processed organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this work, we have fabricated and characterized OLEDs based on a single polymer synthesized by incorporating a small amount of the orange-light emitting chromophore 1,8-Naphtalimide derivative as side chain to poly(fluorene-alt-phenylene) (PFP). The structure of the devices is ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Active layer/Al. The dopant unit was convalenttly attached to the side chain of polyfluorene by alkyl spacers. We have fabricated devices with different amounts of the orange chromophore (0, 0.0005, 0.005, 0.02 and 0.08 in weight) as well as a device based on a physical blend in the same proportion of 0.08 for comparison purposes. Absorption and Photoluminescence (PL) studies in thin films show no significant interaction can be observed between both moieties in the ground state, but after photoexcitation an efficient energy transfer takes place from PFP to the orange chromophore. We have observed a more efficient energy transfer in these compounds than for physical mixtures of the two chromophores due to a phase separation effect in the blend confirmed by the optical measurements and ESEM analysis, obtaining energy transfer even in diluted solutions from the intramolecular interaction in the copolymers. With this very simple device structure, white light with Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordenates (0.34;0.43) is obtained for the electroluminescence (EL) emission and turn on voltage of 6 V for the device based on the copolymer with x = 0.02, together with a good match in the EL and PL spectra indicative that two emissions are produced by the same species, making this material very suitable for large area solution processed devices in solid state illumination.
Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2006
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and flutter are common following cardiac surgery, increasing costs and m... more Atrial fibrillation (AF) and flutter are common following cardiac surgery, increasing costs and morbidity. Cardiologists need a method to discern those patients who are at high risk for this arrhythmia in order to attempt to treat them by either pharmacologic or non-pharmacologic means. We performed a retrospective analysis of 377 CABG patients, of which 94 developed AF post-operatively. Feature selection and AF occurrence prediction was performed using a multivariate regression model, and two rough set derived rule classifiers. The rough set derived feature subset performed best with an accuracy of 87%, a sensitivity of 58.5%, and a specificity of 96.5%. This shows the importance of testing feature subsets, thereby discouraging the practice of simply combining the best individual predictors. The utility of rough set theory in prediction of cardiac arrhythmia is also validated.