Ravi Gooneratne - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Ravi Gooneratne

2050Science Publishers, Sep 1, 2015

Frontiers in Microbiology, 2020

Background: With evidence of warming climates, it is important to understand the effects of heat ... more Background: With evidence of warming climates, it is important to understand the effects of heat stress in farm animals in order to minimize production losses. Study of changes in the brain proteome induced by heat stress may aid in understanding how heat stress impacts brain function. The hypothalamus is a key region in the brain that controls the pituitary gland, which is responsible for the secretion of several important hormones. Result: In this study, we examined the hypothalamic protein profile of ten pigs (30–40 kg body weight), 5 of which were subjected to heat stress (35 ± 1°C; relative humidity = 90%) and 5 acting as controls (28 ± 3°C; RH = 90%). The isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) analysis of the hypothalamus identified 1710 peptides corresponding to 360 proteins, and 295 deferentially expressed proteins (DEPs), 148 of which were up-regulated and 147 down-regulated in heat-stressed animals. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software predicted 30 c...

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2022

Modulation of the intestinal barrier, inflammation, and gut microbiota by Pediococcus pentosaceus... more Modulation of the intestinal barrier, inflammation, and gut microbiota by Pediococcus pentosaceus zy-B (zy-B) in Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp)-infected C57BL/6J mice was studied. Mice intragastrically pretreated with 108 colony-forming units (CFU) zy-B significantly alleviated Vp infection as evidenced by maintaining body weight and reduced disease activity index score and intestine ratio. In addition, zy-B reduced the Vp load in the ileum and cecum, significantly reduced the load in the colon, prevented colonic atrophy, and strengthened mucosal integrity. Mechanistically, zy-B ameliorated intestinal barrier dysfunction by upregulating tight junction protein expression, which in turn reduced the lipopolysaccharide, d-lactic acid (d-LA), and diamine oxidase concentrations and downregulated the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and CB2 mRNA expressions. Moreover, zy-B systemically reduced inflammation by decreasing interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α levels, and increased interleukin-10 (IL-10), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in the colon and serum. Furthermore, zy-B markedly altered the gut microbiota composition by enriching Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus in the colon. Overall, zy-B appears to act as a probiotic to alleviate Vp infection by protecting the intestinal barrier, reducing inflammation, and promoting the growth of "beneficial" gut microbiota.

Foods

The present study focused on the determination of color, flavor, taste, and volatile organic comp... more The present study focused on the determination of color, flavor, taste, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) changes of shrimp paste fermented for 1, 2, 3, and 8 years by E-nose, E-tongue, and headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). During fermentation, the color of shrimp paste turned dark brown with decreases in L*, a*, and b* values. Inorganic sulfide odor was dominant in all fermented samples. The umami, richness, and aftertaste-B reached a maximum in year 3 of fermentation. A total of 182 volatiles, including long-chain alkanes, esters, aldehydes, olefins, ketones, acids, furans, and pyrazines, were detected. Sixteen VOCs including dimethyl disulfide, methional, trimethyl-pyrazine, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, benzeneacetaldehyde were selected as flavor markers. Correlation analysis showed that 94 VOCs were related to saltiness while 40, 17, 21, 22, and 24 VOCs contributed to richness, umami, aftertase-B, sourness, and bitterness, ...

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are now widely used in many industry applications. Because there are... more Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are now widely used in many industry applications. Because there are no regulations on discharge limits, improper discharge of waste from these industries can lead to environmental contamination and damage to ecosystem organisms. In this study Aporrectodea caliginosa earthworms were exposed to 0 (control), 0.3, 3, 30, 300 mg/kg Ag as AgNPs and 0, 0.03, 0.3, 3, 10 mg/kg of Ag as AgNO3 in soil for 4 weeks and select biochemical and neurotoxicity studies were conducted weekly. The lipid peroxidation (measured using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TBARS) and activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S transferase, lipid peroxidation), and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) of the medial giant fibers (MGF) using a novel non-invasive electrophysiological technique were measured in earthworms weekly. The TBARS and antioxidant enzyme activities were elevated by both AgNO3 and AgNPs and this was m...

Nutrients, 2022

Certain foods are known as “heating” foods in Chinese medicine. Over-consumption of these foods c... more Certain foods are known as “heating” foods in Chinese medicine. Over-consumption of these foods can lead to symptoms known as “heating up”. These symptoms have been shown to be symptoms of systemic low-grade inflammation. However, the mechanism by which these foods cause inflammation is not clear. In this preliminary study, we investigated dysbacteriosis of the gut microbiota as a possible cause of inflammation by litchi, a typical “heating” food. A human flora-associated (HFA) mouse model (donor: n = 1) was constructed. After gavaging the mice with litchi extract suspension at low, medium and high doses (400, 800, 1600 mg/kg·d−1, respectively) (n = 3) for 7 days, the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, gut microbiota, the concentration of SCFAs and the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier were measured. The results revealed significant increases in the abundance of Prevotella and Bacteroides. A significant increase in the abundance of Bilophila and a decrease in Megasomo...

Biology, 2022

Megalobrama, a genus of cyprinid fish, is an economically important freshwater fish widely distri... more Megalobrama, a genus of cyprinid fish, is an economically important freshwater fish widely distributed in major waters of China. Here, we report the genome resequencing of 180 Megalobrama fish including M. amblycephala, M. skolkovii, M. hoffmanni, and M. pellegrini. Population structure indicated that geographically divergent Megalobrama populations were separated into six subgroups. A phylogenetic tree showed that M. skolkovii was more closely related to M. pellegrini than other species and M. hoffmanni was clustered apart from other Megalobrama species, showing a high nucleotide diversity in geographic groups. Treemix validated gene flow from M. amblycephala to M. skolkovii, suggesting that introgression may provide an important source of genetic variation in the M. skolkovii populations. According to the demographic history analysis, it is speculated that Megalobrama might have been originally distributed in the Pearl River with some spread to Hainan Island and northern China due...

Journal of Basic Microbiology, 2021

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2021

Disease outbreaks heavily impact the economic viability of animal industries. Little is known abo... more Disease outbreaks heavily impact the economic viability of animal industries. Little is known about the mechanisms of immune system-related diseases in geese. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a major role in the anti-inflammatory immunity process in most animal species, but they have not been studied in the Magang goose. To elucidate the role of TLRs, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and PCR amplification of cDNA ends (Smart RACE) were used to clone the Magang goose TLR5 gene (mgTLR5). The full-length cDNA of mgTLR5 was 2967 bp in length, including a 5'-terminal untranslated region (UTR) of 215 bp, a 3'-terminal UTR of 384 bp, and an open reading frame of 2583 bp that encodes a protein of 860 amino acids. Structurally, mgTLR5 has a toll/interleukin-receptor (TIR) domain, a transmembrane domain, and seven leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) domains. Homology alignment of TLR5 and its TIR domains with other species revealed that mgTLR5 shared 98 % and 81.3 % of sequence similarity with white goose TLR5 and chicken TLR5, respectively. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that the mgTLR5 gene of the goose is widely expressed in all tested tissues, with the highest expression in the kidney and spleen. The increase in NF-κB promoter activity stimulated by flagellin was dependent on mgTLR5 expression in 293 T cells. Salmonella pullorum and flagellin significantly upregulated the expression of TLR5, IL-8, and IL-1 mRNA in peripheral blood mononucleotide cells of Magang goose cultured in vitro. Stimulation by S. pullorum for 24 h upregulated mgTLR5 expression in the cecum and kidney. We conclude that Magang goose TLR5 is a functional TLR5 homologue of the protein in other species and plays an important role in bacterial recognition.