Ravi prakash Tripathi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Uploads
Papers by Ravi prakash Tripathi
Water, Oct 7, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021
Predictions of pore pressure and seepage discharge are the most important parameters in the desig... more Predictions of pore pressure and seepage discharge are the most important parameters in the design of earth dams and assessing their safety during the operational period as well. In this research, soft computing models namely multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLPNN), support vector machine (SVM), multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), genetic programming (GP), M5 algorithm, and group method of data handling (GMDH) were used to predict the piezometric head in the core and the seepage discharge through the body of earth dam. For this purpose, the data recorded by the absolute instrument during the last 94 months of Shahid Kazemi Bukan Dam were used. The results showed that all of the applied models had a permissible level of accuracy in the prediction of the piezometric heads. The average error indices for the models in the training phase were R2= 0.957 and RMSE= 0.806 and in the testing phase were equal to R2= 0.949 and RMSE= 0.932, respectively. The performances of all models except the M5 and MARS in predicting seepage discharge are nearly identical; however, the best is the MARS, and the weakest is the M5 algorithm.
Water Supply, 2021
As a remarkable parameter, the discharge coefficient (Cd) plays an important role in determining ... more As a remarkable parameter, the discharge coefficient (Cd) plays an important role in determining weirs' passing capacity. In this research work, the support vector machine (SVM) and the gene expression programming (GEP) algorithms were assessed to predict Cd of piano key weir (PKW), rectangular labyrinth weir (RLW), and trapezoidal labyrinth weir (TLW) with gathered experimental data set. Using dimensional analysis, various combinations of hydraulic and geometric non-dimensional parameters were extracted to perform simulation. The superior model for the SVM and the GEP predictor for PKW, RLW, and TLW included , and respectively. The results showed that both algorithms are potential in predicting discharge coefficient, but the coefficient of determination (RMSE, R2, Cd(DDR)max) illustrated the superiority of the GEP performance over the SVM. The results of the sensitivity analysis determined the highest effective parameters for PKW, RLW, and TLW in predicting discharge coefficien...
SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 2017
The relative evaluation of land use and land cover for various uses such as forest, agriculture a... more The relative evaluation of land use and land cover for various uses such as forest, agriculture and water bodies etc. is the important issue in the semiarid region. Application of Remote Sensing technology for Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) change analysis has been carried out in semi-arid region of Madhya Pradesh, central part of India and found that the use of remote sensing along with Survey of India toposheets could be used appropriately for LULC mapping. The semi-arid regions are characterized by erratic rainfall and high rate of vegetation dynamics. The increasing biotic pressure together with increasing human demands exerts pressure on the available land resources all over the region. Therefore, in order to have best possible use of land, it is not only necessary to have the information on the existing LULC, but also to monitor the dynamic land use resulting because of increasing demands aroused from the growing population. Continuous overexploitation of natural resources lik...
Water Supply, 2021
Piano key weirs are being increasingly used for better flood passage downstream, both as a new st... more Piano key weirs are being increasingly used for better flood passage downstream, both as a new structure or on top of hydraulic structures like a dam, to increase their discharging capacity as well as reservoir storage. Much research has been done on rectangular plan-form, while other plan-forms warrant attention. The present study focuses on two different plan geometries of PKW, i.e., rectangular (RPKW) and trapezoidal with angle α equal to 9 degrees (TPKW9) for their head-discharge relation in a wide channel of 0.984 m width under free-flow condition. Since the role of CFD is increasingly becoming prominent in present times, a numerical study using ANSYS-FLUENT was also carried out to ascertain its relevance in predicting flows around complex structures like PKW. Further, the tailgate was closed to render the PKW's outlet from partial to fully submerged conditions. The effect of these submerged outlets was studied for any changes in the discharging capacity of the PKW. The stu...
Water Supply, 2021
In this paper the flow characteristics near around T-shape spur dyke situated in reverse meanderi... more In this paper the flow characteristics near around T-shape spur dyke situated in reverse meandering channel having rigid bed is simulated using Renormalization Group (RNG) turbulence model with an ANSYS 2018 Fluent software. To solve the model in 3D ways we used Navier-Stroke's equation based on principle of conservation of mass and momentum within a moving fluid. For studying the flow characteristics, Computational Fluid Dynamics ware applied with all geometric parameter and the turbulence was simulated using (RNG) equations of model. In this simulation the structured meshes are used with different diameter and diameter of meshes is high at exit channel for obtaining accuracy in result. In this study we mainly focus on effect of Froude number on flow pattern and several other characteristics like velocity distribution, flow separation, bed shear stress distribution. The final result of this research work is compare with the condition when no structure is present in the channel.
Water Supply, 2020
A spur dike is mainly constructed as a river-training structure and is primarily used to prevent ... more A spur dike is mainly constructed as a river-training structure and is primarily used to prevent bank erosion. The restriction to flow caused by the construction of a spur dike promotes local scour around the structure. In the case of a dike placed in a channel bend, the scour becomes more aggressive. The literature review found that the research work related to local scour around a spur dike located in a meandering channel is very limited or minimal. Therefore, an experimental investigation was conducted to study the local scour process around a T-shaped spur dike placed at different locations along the outer bank (or concave) of a reverse-meandering channel. Non-dimensionalized empirical equations for temporal and maximum local scour depth were developed as the function of the Froude number of approach flow and spur dike location. It is observed that local scour around the dike increases with the increase in Froude number and location in the meander (measured from the entry to mea...
Journal of Hydrology, 2020
Abstract Flood discharge and its frequency is an important input to many infrastructure developme... more Abstract Flood discharge and its frequency is an important input to many infrastructure development, management and decision making models. However, for a number of potential sites, the data used for statistical analysis of flood discharge and its frequency, are either insufficient or unavailable. In such a situation, empirical formulae are the only alternative method to provide an estimate of design flood. Dicken’s formula is one of such empirical formulae used by practicing field engineers for flood estimation. In spite of its simplicity and applicability, Dicken’s formula is not capable of yielding flood volume at different desired frequency. In the present study an attempt has been made to modify the Dicken’s coefficient so as to accommodate the frequency component in flood estimation. For this purpose, observed flood discharge data sixteen gauging points of Ganga basin have been used to develop regional flood frequency curve, using probability weighted method, Index flood method, General extreme value and Wakeby distribution. Modified Dicken’s coefficient CT shows a sharp gradient for sub-catchments draining up to 5000 Km2. Further, CT value, ranges from 0.834 to 6.924. The CT –values are lower when calculated by Index Flood method while these are higher by Wakeby method. In all of these methods, CT –values do not approach the values of 11 or 14 as suggested for northern Indian catchments. An analysis of flood volume corresponding to CT –values of 11 or 14, reveals that these values yield high flood volume that correspond to return period of more than 1000 years and 3000 years respectively. These values are certainly very high for any rational design. Best fit distribution is decided, based on annual maximum discharge peak (ADF), Efficiency (EFF) and Standard Error (SE) parameters. Prediction accuracy of flood frequency analysis using revised Dicken’s formula is found to be above 85% for the best-fit distribution. General Extreme Value is found to be the best fit distribution for the Upper Ganga basin.
ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2019
Transition problems in a smooth open-channel flow consist of a solution of the third-or higherdeg... more Transition problems in a smooth open-channel flow consist of a solution of the third-or higherdegree algebraic equations to determine the choke-free or post-choking depths at downstream and upstream sections, respectively. Graphical solutions of trapezoidal, circular and exponential channels and analytical solution for rectangular channels have been obtained in the past. However, these solutions are cumbersome and so are difficult for field applications. In the present work, a general transition problem in exponential channels has been formulated in terms of alternate-depth ratio. A governing algebraic equation representing incipient choking condition has been derived for the exponential channel (rectangular, parabolic and triangular). Furthermore, the method of applying the same to calculate the choke free and post-choking depth at downstream and upstream sections has been presented in this paper. Exact solutions for the case of rectangular and parabolic channels have been obtained. After observing, the impossibility of exact solutions for triangular channels and the cumbersome nature of the solutions for rectangular and parabolic channels, empirical solution for the post-choking depth at upstream section has been carried out for the exponential channel. The empirical relation between the shape factor σ and upstream Froude number F 1 for the incipient condition has been obtained for all channel types. The result shows that for 0 < F 1 < 0:95, the absolute error in σ is less than 1% in all channel types, while for 0:95 < F 1 < 1:0, this value goes up to 1.1%, 1.6% and 1.8% for rectangular, parabolic and triangular channels, respectively. These empirical solutions are simple for field applications with negligible error. The methodologies presented in this paper have been corroborated using examples from various sources.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 2019
Dividing flows are most common in open channel flow in hydraulic engineering system. Turbulent fl... more Dividing flows are most common in open channel flow in hydraulic engineering system. Turbulent flows are most common through lateral intakes adjoining rivers and canals. Lateral intakes are used for the distribution of water for irrigation system, power plant, public supply etc. Sedimentation remains the most prominent problem in and around the intake structures in water diversion engineering. Sediment entering the water conveyance system leads to reducing the effective length of the waterway and also the closure of entrances of intake structures. Diversion works or intake works are structures provided to draw in water from the main river or channel into conveyance systems for meeting different uses such a irrigation, drinking water requirements etc. In the present study, experimental and numerical modelling study has been made to model an intake at 450 and velocity is measured experimentally. These velocities are then compared with the velocity obtained using the FLUENT software in...
International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology
Water, Oct 7, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021
Predictions of pore pressure and seepage discharge are the most important parameters in the desig... more Predictions of pore pressure and seepage discharge are the most important parameters in the design of earth dams and assessing their safety during the operational period as well. In this research, soft computing models namely multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLPNN), support vector machine (SVM), multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), genetic programming (GP), M5 algorithm, and group method of data handling (GMDH) were used to predict the piezometric head in the core and the seepage discharge through the body of earth dam. For this purpose, the data recorded by the absolute instrument during the last 94 months of Shahid Kazemi Bukan Dam were used. The results showed that all of the applied models had a permissible level of accuracy in the prediction of the piezometric heads. The average error indices for the models in the training phase were R2= 0.957 and RMSE= 0.806 and in the testing phase were equal to R2= 0.949 and RMSE= 0.932, respectively. The performances of all models except the M5 and MARS in predicting seepage discharge are nearly identical; however, the best is the MARS, and the weakest is the M5 algorithm.
Water Supply, 2021
As a remarkable parameter, the discharge coefficient (Cd) plays an important role in determining ... more As a remarkable parameter, the discharge coefficient (Cd) plays an important role in determining weirs' passing capacity. In this research work, the support vector machine (SVM) and the gene expression programming (GEP) algorithms were assessed to predict Cd of piano key weir (PKW), rectangular labyrinth weir (RLW), and trapezoidal labyrinth weir (TLW) with gathered experimental data set. Using dimensional analysis, various combinations of hydraulic and geometric non-dimensional parameters were extracted to perform simulation. The superior model for the SVM and the GEP predictor for PKW, RLW, and TLW included , and respectively. The results showed that both algorithms are potential in predicting discharge coefficient, but the coefficient of determination (RMSE, R2, Cd(DDR)max) illustrated the superiority of the GEP performance over the SVM. The results of the sensitivity analysis determined the highest effective parameters for PKW, RLW, and TLW in predicting discharge coefficien...
SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 2017
The relative evaluation of land use and land cover for various uses such as forest, agriculture a... more The relative evaluation of land use and land cover for various uses such as forest, agriculture and water bodies etc. is the important issue in the semiarid region. Application of Remote Sensing technology for Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) change analysis has been carried out in semi-arid region of Madhya Pradesh, central part of India and found that the use of remote sensing along with Survey of India toposheets could be used appropriately for LULC mapping. The semi-arid regions are characterized by erratic rainfall and high rate of vegetation dynamics. The increasing biotic pressure together with increasing human demands exerts pressure on the available land resources all over the region. Therefore, in order to have best possible use of land, it is not only necessary to have the information on the existing LULC, but also to monitor the dynamic land use resulting because of increasing demands aroused from the growing population. Continuous overexploitation of natural resources lik...
Water Supply, 2021
Piano key weirs are being increasingly used for better flood passage downstream, both as a new st... more Piano key weirs are being increasingly used for better flood passage downstream, both as a new structure or on top of hydraulic structures like a dam, to increase their discharging capacity as well as reservoir storage. Much research has been done on rectangular plan-form, while other plan-forms warrant attention. The present study focuses on two different plan geometries of PKW, i.e., rectangular (RPKW) and trapezoidal with angle α equal to 9 degrees (TPKW9) for their head-discharge relation in a wide channel of 0.984 m width under free-flow condition. Since the role of CFD is increasingly becoming prominent in present times, a numerical study using ANSYS-FLUENT was also carried out to ascertain its relevance in predicting flows around complex structures like PKW. Further, the tailgate was closed to render the PKW's outlet from partial to fully submerged conditions. The effect of these submerged outlets was studied for any changes in the discharging capacity of the PKW. The stu...
Water Supply, 2021
In this paper the flow characteristics near around T-shape spur dyke situated in reverse meanderi... more In this paper the flow characteristics near around T-shape spur dyke situated in reverse meandering channel having rigid bed is simulated using Renormalization Group (RNG) turbulence model with an ANSYS 2018 Fluent software. To solve the model in 3D ways we used Navier-Stroke's equation based on principle of conservation of mass and momentum within a moving fluid. For studying the flow characteristics, Computational Fluid Dynamics ware applied with all geometric parameter and the turbulence was simulated using (RNG) equations of model. In this simulation the structured meshes are used with different diameter and diameter of meshes is high at exit channel for obtaining accuracy in result. In this study we mainly focus on effect of Froude number on flow pattern and several other characteristics like velocity distribution, flow separation, bed shear stress distribution. The final result of this research work is compare with the condition when no structure is present in the channel.
Water Supply, 2020
A spur dike is mainly constructed as a river-training structure and is primarily used to prevent ... more A spur dike is mainly constructed as a river-training structure and is primarily used to prevent bank erosion. The restriction to flow caused by the construction of a spur dike promotes local scour around the structure. In the case of a dike placed in a channel bend, the scour becomes more aggressive. The literature review found that the research work related to local scour around a spur dike located in a meandering channel is very limited or minimal. Therefore, an experimental investigation was conducted to study the local scour process around a T-shaped spur dike placed at different locations along the outer bank (or concave) of a reverse-meandering channel. Non-dimensionalized empirical equations for temporal and maximum local scour depth were developed as the function of the Froude number of approach flow and spur dike location. It is observed that local scour around the dike increases with the increase in Froude number and location in the meander (measured from the entry to mea...
Journal of Hydrology, 2020
Abstract Flood discharge and its frequency is an important input to many infrastructure developme... more Abstract Flood discharge and its frequency is an important input to many infrastructure development, management and decision making models. However, for a number of potential sites, the data used for statistical analysis of flood discharge and its frequency, are either insufficient or unavailable. In such a situation, empirical formulae are the only alternative method to provide an estimate of design flood. Dicken’s formula is one of such empirical formulae used by practicing field engineers for flood estimation. In spite of its simplicity and applicability, Dicken’s formula is not capable of yielding flood volume at different desired frequency. In the present study an attempt has been made to modify the Dicken’s coefficient so as to accommodate the frequency component in flood estimation. For this purpose, observed flood discharge data sixteen gauging points of Ganga basin have been used to develop regional flood frequency curve, using probability weighted method, Index flood method, General extreme value and Wakeby distribution. Modified Dicken’s coefficient CT shows a sharp gradient for sub-catchments draining up to 5000 Km2. Further, CT value, ranges from 0.834 to 6.924. The CT –values are lower when calculated by Index Flood method while these are higher by Wakeby method. In all of these methods, CT –values do not approach the values of 11 or 14 as suggested for northern Indian catchments. An analysis of flood volume corresponding to CT –values of 11 or 14, reveals that these values yield high flood volume that correspond to return period of more than 1000 years and 3000 years respectively. These values are certainly very high for any rational design. Best fit distribution is decided, based on annual maximum discharge peak (ADF), Efficiency (EFF) and Standard Error (SE) parameters. Prediction accuracy of flood frequency analysis using revised Dicken’s formula is found to be above 85% for the best-fit distribution. General Extreme Value is found to be the best fit distribution for the Upper Ganga basin.
ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2019
Transition problems in a smooth open-channel flow consist of a solution of the third-or higherdeg... more Transition problems in a smooth open-channel flow consist of a solution of the third-or higherdegree algebraic equations to determine the choke-free or post-choking depths at downstream and upstream sections, respectively. Graphical solutions of trapezoidal, circular and exponential channels and analytical solution for rectangular channels have been obtained in the past. However, these solutions are cumbersome and so are difficult for field applications. In the present work, a general transition problem in exponential channels has been formulated in terms of alternate-depth ratio. A governing algebraic equation representing incipient choking condition has been derived for the exponential channel (rectangular, parabolic and triangular). Furthermore, the method of applying the same to calculate the choke free and post-choking depth at downstream and upstream sections has been presented in this paper. Exact solutions for the case of rectangular and parabolic channels have been obtained. After observing, the impossibility of exact solutions for triangular channels and the cumbersome nature of the solutions for rectangular and parabolic channels, empirical solution for the post-choking depth at upstream section has been carried out for the exponential channel. The empirical relation between the shape factor σ and upstream Froude number F 1 for the incipient condition has been obtained for all channel types. The result shows that for 0 < F 1 < 0:95, the absolute error in σ is less than 1% in all channel types, while for 0:95 < F 1 < 1:0, this value goes up to 1.1%, 1.6% and 1.8% for rectangular, parabolic and triangular channels, respectively. These empirical solutions are simple for field applications with negligible error. The methodologies presented in this paper have been corroborated using examples from various sources.
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 2019
Dividing flows are most common in open channel flow in hydraulic engineering system. Turbulent fl... more Dividing flows are most common in open channel flow in hydraulic engineering system. Turbulent flows are most common through lateral intakes adjoining rivers and canals. Lateral intakes are used for the distribution of water for irrigation system, power plant, public supply etc. Sedimentation remains the most prominent problem in and around the intake structures in water diversion engineering. Sediment entering the water conveyance system leads to reducing the effective length of the waterway and also the closure of entrances of intake structures. Diversion works or intake works are structures provided to draw in water from the main river or channel into conveyance systems for meeting different uses such a irrigation, drinking water requirements etc. In the present study, experimental and numerical modelling study has been made to model an intake at 450 and velocity is measured experimentally. These velocities are then compared with the velocity obtained using the FLUENT software in...
International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology