Raynner Barboza - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Raynner Barboza

Ingredients derived from wild mammals are widely used in traditional remedies. Large datasets of ... more Ingredients derived from wild mammals are widely used in traditional remedies. Large datasets of trait, range, and phylogeny are also available for mammals. Therefore, this is an ideal group to explore the ecological (e.g., range size, body mass) and evolutionary (i.e., shared ancestry) drivers of the use of animal-derived products in traditional medicine. Here, we provide a global analysis of the drivers of the use of wild mammals in traditional medicine, testing how life-history traits explain pattern in present-day use of these animals. We compiled data from the primary literature about folk remedies based on mammals by a literature search using ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Then, we used modern phylogenetic comparative methods to estimate phylogenetic signal in the diseases in which animal parts are used for, and also test if geographic range and body size affected the use. Also, we tested if species more used are also those more threatened...

Copyright information:Taken from "The use of zootherapeutics in folk vete... more Copyright information:Taken from "The use of zootherapeutics in folk veterinary medicine in the district of Cubati, Paraíba State, Brazil"http://www.ethnobiomed.com/content/3/1/32Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2007;3():32-32.Published online 7 Sep 2007PMCID:PMC2008192.

Copyright information:Taken from "Animal-based remedies as complementary ... more Copyright information:Taken from "Animal-based remedies as complementary medicines in Santa Cruz do Capibaribe, Brazil"http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/8/44BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2008;8():44-44.Published online 22 Jul 2008PMCID:PMC2503950.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Li... more This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

From worms to large mammals, animals have played significant roles in human military history. Hum... more From worms to large mammals, animals have played significant roles in human military history. Humans have relied on other animals to perform specific tasks during warfare, playing major roles as beasts of burden, messengers, weapons, protectors, mascots, and friends. Nowadays, the use of animals in war and on battlefields has been decreasing with the growth of mechanization and new technologies. Nevertheless, there are several species that continue to be used in military and police activities in various parts of the world, especially dogs and horses, which are used in military transportation, patrol, persecution, and battling narcotics, to name a few. In this chapter, we will briefly discuss the role of animals in military activities, focusing on the major animal groups involved and their respective roles in warfare throughout the history of mankind.

Ethnoveterinary Medicine, 2020

Since immemorial times, humans have been using plants and animals as medicinal sources according ... more Since immemorial times, humans have been using plants and animals as medicinal sources according to the benefit that these resources offered. Latin America has a population whose culture is the result of a combination of different ethnic groups and has contributed to it becoming one of the most culturally diverse regions in the world. Similarly, the great abundance of natural resources that can be extracted from a rich biodiversity favors their use by traditional populations that depend on such resources to guarantee the health of their animals through a folk medicine practice known as ethnoveterinary medicine, which passed on through the generations. This chapter provides a compilation of the richness of species of animals and plants cited in the literature as being used for ethnoveterinary purposes in Latin America. The results show a plethora of biological species (364 species of plants and 61 animal species) for the treatment of diseases and sicknesses of livestock and herds in this area. The families of medicinal plants that were most frequently reported were Fabaceae and Asteraceae, whereas mammals were the animal group most reported as a source of drugs for ethnoveterinary treatments, followed by insects. These data reflect the existence of broad knowledge regarding the use of natural resources in traditional veterinary medicine in Latin America, a practice that has persisted over time.

SNE Simulation Notes Europe, 2020

In this paper, a mathematical model for the sub-process of gluing in the manufacturing process of... more In this paper, a mathematical model for the sub-process of gluing in the manufacturing process of particleboards is presented. The model describes the application of resin droplets onto wood particles on laboratory scale. At the moment the model and simulations are carried out for the problem considered in two dimensions. The developed mathematical model uses lattice gas cellular automata for the movement of the wood particles, and random walk for the movement of the resin droplets. Feasibility was shown with simulation results of a greatly simplified mathematical model in two dimensions. This model was developed further for a better fitting to the real process. First simulation results of this more detailed model are presented. The next step will be the specification of how validation will be performed. In future, it is planned to create a mathematical model in three dimensions.

Mens en maatschappij, Mar 1, 2011

Firm's time greediness and the division of labour in the household Although the body of literatur... more Firm's time greediness and the division of labour in the household Although the body of literature documenting the division of labour between partners is large and continuously expanding, little is known about how demands and expectations from the workplace affect the division of labour between partners and how spouses use strategies to manage, or 'govern', the conflicting demands of work and family. Using data on 242 Dutch female employees, their partners and their employers, the results from multilevel analysis show that the more demanding the woman's job is, the larger her share in paid work and the smaller her share in household work are. These effects are moderated by both workplace governance practices and household governance practices. These effects are moderated by both workplace governance practices and household governance practices.

Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 2020

Background In addition to playing a key role in the dynamics of ecosystems, animal diversity, esp... more Background In addition to playing a key role in the dynamics of ecosystems, animal diversity, especially that of wild vertebrates, is intimately linked with human evolutionary history, which has resulted in diverse interactions that must be emphasized in formal education processes. We analyzed several methods of approaches used for biological education in order to teach about wild vertebrates and their conservation in urban and rural schools in the semi-arid region of Brazil. Methods Data were obtained via questionnaires applied to 990 students, of which 528 were urban and 462 rural, distributed among the seven grades/years that comprise the last two cycles of basic education in Brazil. The richness and diversity of the animals cited by the students were calculated, being the diversity using an adaptation of the equation for the Shannon-Weaver Index (H′). Data were analyzed using non-parametric descriptive statistics. Results Mammals and birds had the greatest richness and diversity...

Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2018

Humans have established relations with non-human animals since the dawn of their existence on Ear... more Humans have established relations with non-human animals since the dawn of their existence on Earth through a wide variety of uses of faunal resources. Among these is the utilization of fauna for therapeutic purposes, which is a fairly widespread practice in Brazil and an important alternative to the use of pharmaceutical medicines. Mammalian species play a prominent role in zootherapy and are widely used for this activity in the semiarid areas of Northeastern Brazil. This study aims to survey the main species of mammals used for zootherapeutic practices in the municipality of Sumé, state of Paraíba, Brazil, and to identify the conditions and diseases treated with mammals species or their body parts. This is the first study that accesses zootherapeutic resources from information of local hunters, who are responsible for capturing these resources and represent the initial link in the chain of animal use for medicinal purposes. Fifty-one informants were interviewed; most of them male. The informants reported 19 species of mammals used for the treatment of diseases, of which 13 were wild animals found on the endangered species list. The study recorded at least 20 animal products or by-products commonly utilized in the administration and preparation of medicines for the treatment of 14 categories of diseases, with diseases related to problems of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue being the most often mentioned. This study revealed a wide variety of mammal species being used in folk medicine for the treatment of numerous diseases, as well as various animal products and by-products being employed in zootherapeutic practices. This type of research plays an important role in understanding the impact of zootherapeutic activities on faunal resources and assists in the implementation of techniques for the management and conservation of mammals.

Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine, Jan 17, 2018

Hunting wildlife for medicinal purposes is a widespread practice throughout Brazil; however, stud... more Hunting wildlife for medicinal purposes is a widespread practice throughout Brazil; however, studies about the animals used for zootherapeutic practices have been performed almost exclusively with traders (herbalists) and end consumers, and not hunters. This makes it difficult to completely understand the market chain, trade strategies, and drivers of this practice. The present study investigated the species hunted or trapped for traditional medicinal uses by collecting data about the use and trade of the zootheurapeutic species. We collected data through semi-structured questionnaires complemented by free interviews and informal conversations with hunters in five municipalities of semiarid region of the NE Brazil. We calculated the Use-Value (UV) index to determine the relative importance of each species reported by interviewees. The Multiple Linear Regression model was used to assess the influence of socioeconomic factors (age, schooling, residence zone, trade of zootherapeutic sp...

Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine, Jan 23, 2017

Brazilian mangrove forests are widely distributed along the coast and exploited by groups of peop... more Brazilian mangrove forests are widely distributed along the coast and exploited by groups of people with customs and habits as diverse as the biology of the mangrove ecosystems. This study identifies different methods of extracting crabs that inhabit the mangrove belts; some of these activities, such as catching individual crabs by hand, are aimed at maintaining natural stocks of this species in Mucuri (south Bahia), Brazil. In the studied community, illegal hunting activities that violate Brazilian legislation limiting the use of tangle-netting in mangrove ecosystem were observed. According to our observations, fishermen, to catch individual crabs, use the tangle-netting technique seeking to increase income and are from families that have no tradition of extraction. This analysis leads us to conclude that catchers from economically marginalised social groups enter mangroves for purposes of survival rather than for purposes of subsistence, because the catching by tangle-netting is a...

The International Encyclopedia of Primatology, 2017

Nonhuman primates are among the animal species commonly used in traditional medical systems throu... more Nonhuman primates are among the animal species commonly used in traditional medical systems throughout the world. The literature reveals that at least 110 primates species figure in traditional folk medicine, with several primates' body parts being used, including fur, legs, fat, oil, eyes, bile, blood, gallbladder, viscera, bone, meat, brain, and skull, in the preparation of traditional remedies. The families with the largest numbers of species recorded are Cercopithecidae (with 54 species), followed by Cebidae (18), and Hylobatidae (8). This high diversity of medicinal primates has been recorded in different sociocultural contexts throughout the world, comprising 52 countries, mainly in Latin America, Africa, and Asia. Given that many of the primate species used in medicinal remedies are endangered, this type of utilization should be considered when evaluating conservation statuses and developing conservation actions. Keywords: conservation; ethnoprimatology; parasites; pathogen

Ethnobiology and Conservation, 2016

Mammals stand out among the main game animals of the world, being exploited by human beings for d... more Mammals stand out among the main game animals of the world, being exploited by human beings for different ends, and being important for the subsistence of several communities. In semiarid environments, as in the Brazilian Caatinga biome, wild mammals have been exploited by the local human population, including endangered species. In this scenario, beyond biological research of the exploited animals, ethnozoological studies are important for supporting plans for the sustainable management and conservation strategies for the mammalian fauna of the semiarid landscape. This study aims to contribute to new research into the ethnomammalogy of this specific region. It provides a catalogue of the mammals and their ethnozoological importance, including a brief characterization of game mammals of the morphoclimatic domain of the Caatinga. The results show that at least 41 species of wild mammals interact with the population that lives in the semiarid region, as sources of products that can be used for the following purposes: food (31 species), medicinal (38 species), ornamental or decorative purposes (23 species), in magical/religious practices (31 species), and as pets (24 species). Twenty-five species are hunted because of concerns over personal safety or predation on livestock and pests. Among the recorded mammals, 13 (31.7%) are listed in some threatened category (Critically endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable). Hunting is one of the main factors contributing to this situation, which provides evidence that conservation strategies should consider the associated human needs, integrating cultural aspects of the local populations, and ecological aspects associated with the biodiversity of the region.

Ocean & Coastal Management, 2016

current situation of illegality of the fishermen. This will be key to achieving effective sustain... more current situation of illegality of the fishermen. This will be key to achieving effective sustainable comanagement of this important natural mangrove forest resource.

Interciencia, Dec 1, 2008

Ecology and Society, 2016

Although the use of wild mammals as a source of food has been better studied in tropical forest e... more Although the use of wild mammals as a source of food has been better studied in tropical forest environments, their importance as a source of protein for human communities in semiarid environments is little known. In the latter, the availability of wild animal meat is limited in comparison to other environments. In the semiarid regions of northeastern Brazil, hunting wild mammals for their meat is traditional, playing a crucial role in the livelihoods and food security of various rural and urban communities, especially during the annual drought seasons. In this study, we investigated the role of wild mammals as bushmeat in 10 communities within the Caatinga biome in northeast Brazil. We used key-informant interviews, household surveys, and questionnaires to determine the species hunted and consumed. We found that about 30 species were used for bushmeat, with communities clustering into two main groups. We showed that in almost all municipalities visited, all mammals hunted were reported after interview days. A total of 46.9% of hunters consumed bushmeat at least once a week. However, preference for bushmeat over livestock was perceived to be more a matter of taste (61.50% of respondents) than a real need for protein supplementation from the wild. The ease of entering environmental areas where wild mammals can be found has disadvantages for wildlife in terms of pressure and overexploitation, especially where it concerns endangered species. The key to understanding the socioeconomic, cultural, and ecological contexts in which there are traditional uses is to develop conservationist strategies suitable for the socioeconomic reality of human populations.

Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2015

This study presents information on the use of medicinal animals in a semiarid area of northeast B... more This study presents information on the use of medicinal animals in a semiarid area of northeast Brazil, a region where animals have recognized importance in local popular medicine. The information on the use of animals for medicinal purposes was obtained through semi-structured questionnaires, complemented by free interviews and informal conversations. The results obtained showed that the residents of the area studied utilize a considerable richness of animal species (n = 42) for medicinal purposes, as occurs in other areas of Brazil’s semiarid region, demonstrating that zootherapy represents an alternative form of health care that is important to the inhabitants of the region. There is a need for new investigations on medicinal fauna, aimed at promoting the sustainable use of eventual medicinal species and preserving popular knowledge associated with the use of animal species.