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Research paper thumbnail of Nano-Carriers: An Emerging Trend for Brain Tumor Treatment. A Frontier Look

World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

In current scenario, Brain tumors constitute an unsolved clinical problem although significant st... more In current scenario, Brain tumors constitute an unsolved clinical problem although significant strides have been made in the treatment of many other cancer types. The incidence of primary brain tumors in the United States has been estimated at approximately 43,800 per year and 18,500 of these are expected to be malignant. Currently brain tumors account for at least 12,690 deaths in the United States yearly. Therapy of brain tumor still remains a challenge despite of recent improvements in surgery and multi adjuvant therapy. Drug therapies of brain tumor have been particularly inefficient, due to the blood-brain barrier and the non-specificity of the potentially toxic drugs. The nano-arriers has emerged as a potential vector for brain delivery, diagnosis & able to overcome the problems of current strategies. Moreover, multi-functionality can be engineered into a single platform so that it can provide tumor specific detection, treatment, and follow-up monitoring. Such multitasking is not possible with conventional technologies. The recent advances in nano-carrier based detection and treatment of brain tumor. The advantages of nano-carriers based delivery and the types of nano-carrier systems under investigation are described, as well as their applications. A broad spectrum of biocompatible nanoparticles, either synthesized or purified from the living body, has been investigated so far. The types of nanoparticles include polymeric, ceramic and metallic matrixes, polymeric micelles, liposomes and dendrimers. For cancer imaging, various types of nanoparticles have been investigated for MRI, optical imaging and ultrasound imaging. Several nanoparticle formulations have been clinically approved for MRI.

Research paper thumbnail of Novel Frontiers in Naso-Brain Drug Delivery;Challenges and Opportunities: An Outlook

World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Research paper thumbnail of An Investigative and Explanatory Review on Use of Milk as a Broad-Spectrum Drug Carrier for Improvement of Bioavailability and Patient Compliance

Journal of Young Pharmacists, 2016

Objective: The main objective of this review is to investigate the potential role of milk in impr... more Objective: The main objective of this review is to investigate the potential role of milk in improvement of bioavailability and patient compliance. Method: The study reviews the types of milk based on its composition, mechanism of how milk improves the solubility of poorly soluble drugs, masks the taste of bitter drugs and improves the patient compliance to dosage regimen. It also reviews various research studies done so far that recommend the use of milk in formulations. Along with this, the regulatory aspect of using milk is also considered in the present study. Conclusion: Investigation concludes that medicated milk formulations open a new hope of utilizing milk as multi-functional drug carrier for a variety of drugs.

Research paper thumbnail of Formulation, Optimization and In Vitro Evaluation of Solubility Enhanced Fast Disintegrating Tablets of Mebendazole

Journal of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability, 2018

Mebendazole (MBZ) is used for the treatment of different intestinal helminthic infections (IHIs) ... more Mebendazole (MBZ) is used for the treatment of different intestinal helminthic infections (IHIs) and extraintestinal helminthic infections (EIHs). Due to its poor aqueous solubility and high first pass metabolism, MBZ has low bioavailability that can affect the therapeutic efficacy of the drug for EIHs. The aim of the present study is to develop solubility enhanced rapidly disintegrating tablets of MBZ with a simple and industrially feasible manufacturing process.

Research paper thumbnail of Pharmacokinetic enhancement of poorly aqueous soluble rosuvastatin using natural gum as carriers: pharmaceutical modeling of release kinetics and bio-stastistical evaluation

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis

The major focus of the present investigation is to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of... more The major focus of the present investigation is to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of Rosuvastatin Calcium. Preaparation of Solid dispersions of Rosuvastatin Calcium by using Vitamin E TPGS, A.Marmelos, and Gum Karaya as carriers in different ratios through solvent evaporation method. As Solid dispersions have been traditionally used effective techniques to improve the dissolution properties and bioavailability of poorly-soluble drugs. The model drug selected Rosuvastatin Calcium, which is BCS class-II drug with anti-hyperlipidemic potential. The reported bioavailability from oral route of drug is only 20%. So aim of current study is to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of a poorly water-soluble drug Rosuvastatin Calcium, by solid dispersion technique. Physical mixtures and solid dispersions were prepared using Vitamin E TPGS, MGK & natural polymers A.Marmelos in different to drug to carrier ratios, dispersions were prepared by solvent evaporation technique. Prepared formulations were characterized in solid state by FTIR analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy and in-vitro dissolution study. The aqueous solubility of Rosuvastatin Calcium was favored by presence of both the polymers. Solid state characterizations indicated the Rosuvastatin Calcium was present in amorphous form and entrapped in polymer matrix. In contrast to the very slow dissolution rate of pure Rosuvastatin Calcium, the dispersion of the drug in the polymers considerably enhanced the dissolution rate. Solid dispersion prepared with TPGS showed maximum 91.19% Drug release. The best formulation of solid dispersion selected and subjected to fast dissolving tablets. The mixtures of solid dispersion and excipients were evaluated for pre-compression parameters. After then fast dissolving tablets were prepared by direct compression technique. The formulated tablets were evaluated by post compression parameters. In-vitro drug release performance of the developed formulations was investigated. Followed by that, the release mechanism of the formulations was also studied by applying various kinetic models. The overall results revealed that the formulated fast dissolving tablets complied with the standards and exhibited satisfactory performance in terms of drug release and other related parameters.

Research paper thumbnail of Nano-Carriers: An Emerging Trend for Brain Tumor Treatment. A Frontier Look

World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

In current scenario, Brain tumors constitute an unsolved clinical problem although significant st... more In current scenario, Brain tumors constitute an unsolved clinical problem although significant strides have been made in the treatment of many other cancer types. The incidence of primary brain tumors in the United States has been estimated at approximately 43,800 per year and 18,500 of these are expected to be malignant. Currently brain tumors account for at least 12,690 deaths in the United States yearly. Therapy of brain tumor still remains a challenge despite of recent improvements in surgery and multi adjuvant therapy. Drug therapies of brain tumor have been particularly inefficient, due to the blood-brain barrier and the non-specificity of the potentially toxic drugs. The nano-arriers has emerged as a potential vector for brain delivery, diagnosis & able to overcome the problems of current strategies. Moreover, multi-functionality can be engineered into a single platform so that it can provide tumor specific detection, treatment, and follow-up monitoring. Such multitasking is not possible with conventional technologies. The recent advances in nano-carrier based detection and treatment of brain tumor. The advantages of nano-carriers based delivery and the types of nano-carrier systems under investigation are described, as well as their applications. A broad spectrum of biocompatible nanoparticles, either synthesized or purified from the living body, has been investigated so far. The types of nanoparticles include polymeric, ceramic and metallic matrixes, polymeric micelles, liposomes and dendrimers. For cancer imaging, various types of nanoparticles have been investigated for MRI, optical imaging and ultrasound imaging. Several nanoparticle formulations have been clinically approved for MRI.

Research paper thumbnail of Novel Frontiers in Naso-Brain Drug Delivery;Challenges and Opportunities: An Outlook

World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Research paper thumbnail of An Investigative and Explanatory Review on Use of Milk as a Broad-Spectrum Drug Carrier for Improvement of Bioavailability and Patient Compliance

Journal of Young Pharmacists, 2016

Objective: The main objective of this review is to investigate the potential role of milk in impr... more Objective: The main objective of this review is to investigate the potential role of milk in improvement of bioavailability and patient compliance. Method: The study reviews the types of milk based on its composition, mechanism of how milk improves the solubility of poorly soluble drugs, masks the taste of bitter drugs and improves the patient compliance to dosage regimen. It also reviews various research studies done so far that recommend the use of milk in formulations. Along with this, the regulatory aspect of using milk is also considered in the present study. Conclusion: Investigation concludes that medicated milk formulations open a new hope of utilizing milk as multi-functional drug carrier for a variety of drugs.

Research paper thumbnail of Formulation, Optimization and In Vitro Evaluation of Solubility Enhanced Fast Disintegrating Tablets of Mebendazole

Journal of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability, 2018

Mebendazole (MBZ) is used for the treatment of different intestinal helminthic infections (IHIs) ... more Mebendazole (MBZ) is used for the treatment of different intestinal helminthic infections (IHIs) and extraintestinal helminthic infections (EIHs). Due to its poor aqueous solubility and high first pass metabolism, MBZ has low bioavailability that can affect the therapeutic efficacy of the drug for EIHs. The aim of the present study is to develop solubility enhanced rapidly disintegrating tablets of MBZ with a simple and industrially feasible manufacturing process.

Research paper thumbnail of Pharmacokinetic enhancement of poorly aqueous soluble rosuvastatin using natural gum as carriers: pharmaceutical modeling of release kinetics and bio-stastistical evaluation

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis

The major focus of the present investigation is to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of... more The major focus of the present investigation is to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of Rosuvastatin Calcium. Preaparation of Solid dispersions of Rosuvastatin Calcium by using Vitamin E TPGS, A.Marmelos, and Gum Karaya as carriers in different ratios through solvent evaporation method. As Solid dispersions have been traditionally used effective techniques to improve the dissolution properties and bioavailability of poorly-soluble drugs. The model drug selected Rosuvastatin Calcium, which is BCS class-II drug with anti-hyperlipidemic potential. The reported bioavailability from oral route of drug is only 20%. So aim of current study is to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of a poorly water-soluble drug Rosuvastatin Calcium, by solid dispersion technique. Physical mixtures and solid dispersions were prepared using Vitamin E TPGS, MGK & natural polymers A.Marmelos in different to drug to carrier ratios, dispersions were prepared by solvent evaporation technique. Prepared formulations were characterized in solid state by FTIR analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy and in-vitro dissolution study. The aqueous solubility of Rosuvastatin Calcium was favored by presence of both the polymers. Solid state characterizations indicated the Rosuvastatin Calcium was present in amorphous form and entrapped in polymer matrix. In contrast to the very slow dissolution rate of pure Rosuvastatin Calcium, the dispersion of the drug in the polymers considerably enhanced the dissolution rate. Solid dispersion prepared with TPGS showed maximum 91.19% Drug release. The best formulation of solid dispersion selected and subjected to fast dissolving tablets. The mixtures of solid dispersion and excipients were evaluated for pre-compression parameters. After then fast dissolving tablets were prepared by direct compression technique. The formulated tablets were evaluated by post compression parameters. In-vitro drug release performance of the developed formulations was investigated. Followed by that, the release mechanism of the formulations was also studied by applying various kinetic models. The overall results revealed that the formulated fast dissolving tablets complied with the standards and exhibited satisfactory performance in terms of drug release and other related parameters.