Reinhold Jagsch - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Reinhold Jagsch

Research paper thumbnail of Manière dont les personnes ayant suivi la filière propédeutique de psychothérapie évaluent leurs propres compétences

Anhand einer empirischen Studie soll über die subjektive Einschätzung von zukünftigen Psychothera... more Anhand einer empirischen Studie soll über die subjektive Einschätzung von zukünftigen Psychotherapeuten und Psychotherapeutinnen bezüglich der Einschätzung ihrer Kompetenzen berichtet werden. Befragt wurden Ausbildungskandidaten gleich nach Abschluss des psychotherapeutischen Propädeutikums. Ziel des Beitrages soll es sein, das in der vorläufigen Version von uns verwendete Erhebungsinstrument und einzelne Ergebnisse daraus vorzustellen. Ein Teil der Erhebung bezieht sich auf die Frage nach dem Gewinn, den die Teilnehmer aus den Teilbereichen der Ausbildung ihrer persönlichen Einschätzung nach gezogen haben (Theoretischer Teil des Propädeutikums, Selbsterfahrung, Praktikum, Supervision und einschlägige Berufstätigkeit). Ein weiterer Abschnitt beschäftigt sich mit der Frage nach der Wichtigkeit von Zielen, die in der therapeutischen Tätigkeit der Meinung der Ausbildungskandidaten nach im Zentrum stehen sollten. Im abschließenden Teil der Befragung wurden Meinungen der Kandidaten dahin...

Research paper thumbnail of Predictors of Functional Outcome in Patients With Bipolar Disorder: Effects of Cognitive Psychoeducational Group Therapy After 12 Months

Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2020

Background: Cognitive deficits are known as a core feature in bipolar disorder. Persisting neuroc... more Background: Cognitive deficits are known as a core feature in bipolar disorder. Persisting neurocognitive impairment is associated with low psychosocial functioning. The aim of this study was to identify potential cognitive, clinical and treatment-dependent predictors for functional impairment, symptom severity and early recurrence in bipolar patients, as well as to analyze neurocognitive performance compared to healthy controls.Methods: Forty three remitted bipolar patients and 40 healthy controls were assessed with a neurocognitive battery testing specifically attention, memory, verbal fluency and executive functions. In a randomized controlled trial, remitted patients were assigned to two treatment conditions as add-on to state-of-the-art pharmacotherapy: cognitive psychoeducational group therapy over 14 weeks or treatment-as-usual. At 12 months after therapy, functional impairment and severity of symptoms were assessed.Results: Compared to healthy controls, bipolar patients show...

Research paper thumbnail of Long-term quality of life evaluation of patients with total hip arthroplasty

HIP International, 2003

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and psychological situation of total hip arthro... more The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and psychological situation of total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients before and one year and five years after surgery. Data of 101 patients were available for the one-year and of 69 patients for the five-year follow-up. Quality of Life (QoL) data were collected using the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), functional capacity comprised patient's self-assessment (Functional Outcome Questionnaire Hannover, FFbH) and surgeon's assessment (Harris Hip Score, HHS). While all dimensions of QoL and functional capacity except social isolation showed significant improvement at the one-year follow-up, only pain scores showed further improvement at the five-year evaluation. Implantation of THA is accompanied by significant increases in QoL and functional capacity. Stabilised scores were found at the five-year evaluation while significant increases could be observed after one year.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison in the assessment of facial aesthetics and personality traits between patients with a dysgnathia and a naive control group

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2013

The aim of the present paper is to access the aesthetic facial profile and outcome with orthognat... more The aim of the present paper is to access the aesthetic facial profile and outcome with orthognathic surgical procedures. The artistic aspect of orthognathic surgery has been developing for decades. The scientific aspect of these procedures has been investigated by clinical and academic surgeons around the world. Materials and methods: 20 patients were reported with dentofacial deformities. All 20 cases were operated according to surgical protocol. Results: All cases were operated at St. Joseph General Hospital, India. Surgical outcome was successful with good facial aesthetic providing good occlusion and function. Conclusion: We present our experience in the field of orthognathic surgery. The possible surgical procedures made us to carve new faces with better results.

Research paper thumbnail of P.5.040 Buprenorphine maintenance in pregnant opiate addicts

European Neuropsychopharmacology, 1997

R) treatment was administered three times a week with the result of loosing the virus in 80% afte... more R) treatment was administered three times a week with the result of loosing the virus in 80% after a treatment period of 6 months. The high prevalence of hepatitis C and the good response to interferon treatment proves the necessity of stabilization opiate dependent subjects in enrolling them in a maintenance program and applying appropriate treatment for the hepatitis C virus. In addition, primary prevention programs have to be established.

Research paper thumbnail of Diversification in opioid maintenance therapy for pregnant women

European Neuropsychopharmacology, 1999

To assess maternal and fetal safety and neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in neonates born to me... more To assess maternal and fetal safety and neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in neonates born to methadone, slow-release morphine and buprenorphine maintained females.

Research paper thumbnail of Buprenorphine Maintenance: Office-Based Treatment with Addiction Clinic Support

European Addiction Research, 2004

Introduction: Buprenorphine has already been registered in 27 European countries for maintenance ... more Introduction: Buprenorphine has already been registered in 27 European countries for maintenance therapy in opioid-dependent patients. In our office-based prescription study we applied sublingual buprenorphine, initiating the treatment at the addiction clinic with subsequent treatment at the offices of general practitioners (GPs) to evaluate its efficacy and feasibility in two different treatment settings. Methods: Sixty opioid-dependent patients were studied for a period of 15 weeks. The first 3 weeks of treatment initiation took place at the addiction clinic, followed by 12 weeks of treatment by GPs. Mean outcome measures were retention rate and additional consumption of illicit substances in addition to the evaluation of whether buprenorphine can be prescribed successfully by GPs. Results: The retention rate was 57% (n = 34). No significant differences occurred between the treatment phases at the specialized addiction unit and the GPs’ offices. During the 15-week period a signifi...

Research paper thumbnail of Use of Slow-Release Oral Morphine for the Treatment of Opioid Dependence

European Addiction Research, 2005

Aims: In addition to methadone, other synthetic opioids are now available for the treatment of op... more Aims: In addition to methadone, other synthetic opioids are now available for the treatment of opioid dependence. The study investigated the treatment satisfaction of oral slow-release morphine for maintenance therapy in opioid-dependent patients in an open-label 3-week study. Design: We evaluated the treatment satisfaction of oral slow-release morphine hydrochloride for 3 weeks in 110 patients meeting the diagnosis of opioid dependence (DSM-IV 304.0) or polysubstance dependence (DSM-IV 304.9). Measurements: Primary outcome measures were the study retention rate, urinalysis for additional illicit consumption other than heroin, cravings and withdrawal symptoms 24 h after the last intake of the medication (duration of action of treatment). Findings: In total, 103 patients completed the study, representing a retention rate of 94%. Patients reported significant improvements in somatic complaints, as well as significant reductions in heroin and cocaine cravings (p < 0.0001) and in add...

Research paper thumbnail of Cocaine Use in Europe – A Multi-Centre Study: Patterns of Use in Different Groups

European Addiction Research, 2004

Aim: The study investigates patterns of cocaine powder and crack cocaine use of different groups ... more Aim: The study investigates patterns of cocaine powder and crack cocaine use of different groups in nine European cities. Design, Setting, Participants: Multi-centre cross-sectional study conducted in Barcelona, Budapest, Dublin, Hamburg, London, Paris, Rome, Vienna, and Zurich. Data were collected by structured face-to-face interviews. The sample comprises 1,855 cocaine users out of three subgroups: 632 cocaine users in addiction treatment, mainly maintenance treatment; 615 socially marginalized cocaine users not in treatment, and 608 socially integrated cocaine users not in treatment. Measurements: Use of cocaine powder, crack cocaine and other substances in the last 30 days, routes of administration, and lifetime use of cocaine powder and crack cocaine. Findings: The marginalized group showed the highest intensity of cocaine use, the highest intensity of heroin use and of multiple substance use. 95% of the integrated group snorted cocaine powder, while in the two other groups, in...

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring hidden populations: Recreational drug users

Cyberpsychology: …, 2008

... Birgit U. Stetina 1 , Reinhold Jagsch 2 , Cornelia Schramel 3 , Tamara Lederman Maman 4 , Ils... more ... Birgit U. Stetina 1 , Reinhold Jagsch 2 , Cornelia Schramel 3 , Tamara Lederman Maman 4 , Ilse Kryspin-Exner 5. ... showed only a moderate elevation of drug use at homo-or bisexual men and women compared to heterosexual men and women (Cochran, Ackerman, Mays &amp;amp; ...

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Esthetic, Functional, and Quality-of-Life Outcome in Adult Cleft Lip and Palate Patients

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal, 2005

Objective Evaluation of esthetic, functional, and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) outcomes... more Objective Evaluation of esthetic, functional, and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) outcomes in adult patients with a repaired cleft lip and palate. The treatment for all patients was based on the so-called Vienna concept. Patients/Design Seventy adult patients with a repaired complete cleft lip and palate, ranging in age from 18 to 30 years, were included in the study. Esthetic and functional outcomes were assessed by the patients themselves and by five experts using a visual analog scale. Patients also completed the MOS Short-Form 36 questionnaire to evaluate health-related quality of life. Results Patients rated their esthetic outcome significantly worse than the experts did. No significant differences were observed in the ratings for function. Female patients, especially, were dissatisfied with their esthetic outcomes. In a personal interview, nearly 63% of them asked for further treatment, particularly for upper-lip and nose corrections. The health-related quality-of-life ...

Research paper thumbnail of Opioid plasma concentrations in methadone-and buprenorphine-maintained patients

Addiction Biology, 2005

This is the first trial to compare the relationship of opioid plasma concentrations in methadone-... more This is the first trial to compare the relationship of opioid plasma concentrations in methadone-versus buprenorphine-maintained subjects. Sixty subjects (19 females and 41 males) seeking treatment who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual version IV (DSM-IV) criteria for opioid dependence were recruited and treated at the Drug Addiction Outpatient Clinic at the University of Vienna. Of these, 44 (11 female and 33 male) were included in the analyses of plasma concentrations. Subjects received either daily sublingual buprenorphine (2 mg or 8 mg tablets; maximum daily dose: 8 mg) or oral methadone (racemic R-/S-methadone) and were maintained on a stable dose after an induction period of 2 weeks. Mean dose and mean plasma concentrations were correlated on an individual and collective basis. Correlation was 0.51 for buprenorphine, whereas the score for methadone was 0.69. Intra-individual variation was much higher for buprenorphine (p 5 0.0001), while the concentration-to-dose ratio was very small. Based on the differences of the pharmacokinetics of blood plasma of the two agents, we tried to explain the differences in the acceptance of treatment, which was significantly lower in the buprenorphine-maintained group. No such differences could be evaluated between completers and dropouts in buprenorphine-maintained subjects, neither concerning withdrawal scores nor dose, plasma concentration, concentration-to-dose ratios or intra-individual variation.

Research paper thumbnail of Treatment of opioid-dependent pregnant women with buprenorphine

Addiction, 2000

To assess the maternal and fetal acceptability of buprenorphine and neonatal abstinence syndrome ... more To assess the maternal and fetal acceptability of buprenorphine and neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in children born to buprenorphine-maintained mothers. Open-label, flexible dosing, inpatient induction with outpatient maintenance, conducted at the University of Vienna within the existing pregnancy and drug addiction program. Fifteen opioid-dependent pregnant women. Sublingual buprenorphine tablets (1-10 mg/day). Mothers: withdrawal symptoms (Wang Scale), nicotine dependence (Fagerström Scale: FTQ) and urinalysis. Neonates: birth outcome and NAS (Finnegan Scale). All subjects were opioid-, nicotine- and cannabis-dependent. Buprenorphine was well tolerated during induction (Wang Score &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; or = 4) and illicit opioid use was negligible (91% opioid-negative). All maternal, fetal and neonatal safety laboratory measures were within normal limits or not of clinical significance. Mean birth outcome measures including gestational age at delivery (39.6 +/- 1.5 weeks), Apgar scores (1 min = 8.9; 5 min = 9.9; and 10 min = 10), birth weight (3049 +/- 346 g), length (49.8 +/- 1.9 cm) and head circumference (34.1 +/- 1.8 cm) were within normal limits. The NAS was absent, mild (without treatment) and moderate (with treatment) in eight, four and three neonates, respectively. The mean duration of NAS was 1.1 days. Buprenorphine appears to be well accepted by mother and fetus, and associated with a low incidence of NAS. Further investigation of buprenorphine as a maintenance agent for opioid-dependent pregnant women is needed.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative study of the effectiveness of slow-release morphine and methadone for opioid maintenance therapy

Addiction, 2005

Aims Slow-release morphine may represent a much-needed new pharmacological treatment for opioid d... more Aims Slow-release morphine may represent a much-needed new pharmacological treatment for opioid dependence. Design In a 14-week randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, cross-over study oral slow-release morphine was compared with methadone as a treatment for opioid dependency. During two study periods, each consisting of a 1-week titration and a 6-week fixed-dose treatment phase, medication was administered daily under supervised conditions. Setting The study was carried out at the Addiction Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna. Participants Sixty-four subjects (56 males, eight females) with opioid dependence participated in the trial. Measurements Efficacy was evaluated on the basis of retention, use of illicit substances based on urinalysis, extent of drug cravings, withdrawal symptoms and general wellbeing. Safety was assessed on the basis of adverse events and clinical and physical examination. Demographic and baseline characteristics were assessed using the European Addiction Severity Index. Findings Fifty-five patients (86%) completed the study, with a mean methadone dose of 85 mg and a mean slow-release morphine dose of 680 mg. No significant differences in retention or use of illicit substances (opioids, benzodiazepines, cocaine) were observed, irrespective of treatment group or medication. However, patients receiving slow-release morphine had significantly lower depression (P < 0.001) and anxiety scores (P = 0.008) and fewer physical complaints (P < 0.001). Conclusions Oral slow-release morphine is as effective as methadone in the treatment of opioid dependency, with comparable safety and tolerability and a greater benefit on patient wellbeing. Greater pharmaceutical diversity represents a modern development in mainstream medicine. Slow-release morphine might represent a future treatment option that will improve long-term outcomes for this target group.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of methadone and slow-release morphine maintenance in pregnant addicts

Addiction, 1999

To investigate whether the neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is different in children born to wo... more To investigate whether the neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is different in children born to women maintained on slow-release morphine, compared with those maintained on methadone, and to compare additional drug consumption in these groups of women. An open, randomized trial was conducted in an established clinic. Forty-eight pregnant women who presented to the clinic as opiate or polysubstance abusers were enrolled and maintained on either methadone (24 women) or slow-release morphine (24 women) up to and following delivery. The programme included psychosocial therapy and support for their opiate-addicted partners. Standard urinalysis methods were used to measure consumption of cocaine and benzodiazepines during pregnancy. Injection sites were monitored to indicate additional opiate use. NAS was measured according to Finnegan score and the amount of phenobarbiturates prescribed to alleviate the symptoms. No difference was found in the number of days that NAS was experienced by neonates born to methadone or morphine maintained mothers (mean = 16 and 21 days, respectively). All children were born healthy and no serious complications arose. Fewer benzodiazepines (p &lt; 0.05) and fewer additional opiates (p &lt; 0.05) were consumed by the morphine-maintained women compared with those who took methadone, but no difference was seen in cocaine consumption. Nicotine consumption was reduced significantly in both groups during pregnancy (p &lt; 0.02). Both methadone and morphine are suitable maintenance agents for pregnant opiate addicts. Maintenance agents that result in a less prolonged NAS should be studied in further trials.

Research paper thumbnail of Gedanken an ein Lebensende in Haft – eine Besonderheit der Inhaftierten im höheren Alter

Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie, 2020

ZusammenfassungZiel der Studie war es, die Rolle etwaiger Gedanken an den Tod und das Sterben im ... more ZusammenfassungZiel der Studie war es, die Rolle etwaiger Gedanken an den Tod und das Sterben im Hinblick auf die Persönlichkeit, die physische und psychische Gesundheit sowie die Zufriedenheit mit unterschiedlichen Bereichen des Lebens und der Haftsituation von Inhaftierten im Seniorenalter zu untersuchen. Die Studie wurde als fragenbogenbasierte Querschnittuntersuchung konzipiert. Insgesamt wurden 55 Inhaftierte im Alter von 60 Jahren und mehr aus 11 österreichischen Justizanstalten mittels Beck-Depression-Inventar II, Brief Symptom Inventar-53 und NEO-Fünf-Faktoren-Inventar untersucht. Zusätzlich wurde die Zufriedenheit mit unterschiedlichen Facetten ihres aktuellen Lebens und Alltages mittels visueller Analogskalen (VAS) bewertet. Die statistische Überprüfung etwaiger Unterschiede erfolgte anhand von Mittelwertsvergleichen.Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass inhaftierte Senioren, die keine Gedanken an den Tod berichten, niedrigere Neurotizismuswerte und eine deutlich geringer...

Research paper thumbnail of Awareness of olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease

Neuropsychology, 2019

OBJECTIVE Olfactory impairment is a very common symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD). However,... more OBJECTIVE Olfactory impairment is a very common symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, individuals often overestimate their ability to smell. Hyposmia and metacognitive errors are also related to aging, depression, male gender and cognitive impairment. The current study investigated the awareness of olfactory functioning in PD and the influence of additional factors. METHOD A sample of 124 nondemented PD patients and 154 elderly controls was assessed with the Sniffin' Sticks Odor Identification Test (OIT) and the Subjective Olfactory Capability (SOC) domain of the Assessment of Self-Reported Olfactory Functioning and Olfaction-Related Quality of Life, additional to measures of depressive symptoms, verbal memory and executive functioning. Olfactory awareness groups were formed by means of the cut-offs of the OIT and the SOC. RESULTS Significant correlations between the OIT and the SOC were moderate in participants with PD and small in controls. Of all PD patients, 52% overrated their sense of smell while 27% correctly identified themselves as being hyposmic, as opposed to corresponding 6% and 1% of healthy elderly. Overrating and aware of being hyposmic participants with PD showed worse executive functions than PD patients who were objectively and subjectively normosmic. CONCLUSIONS The findings imply that, although people with PD are aware of hyposmia to some extent, the majority is affected by overestimation of the ability to smell, making self-reported functioning an unreliable source of information. Moreover, reduced odor identification and impaired executive functioning might underlie the same pathological changes within the brain and could serve as a marker for cognitive impairment in PD. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Research paper thumbnail of Perception of aesthetics and personality traits in orthognathic surgery patients: A comparison of still and moving images

PloS one, 2018

It is common in practicing orthognathic surgery to evaluate faces with retruded or protruded chin... more It is common in practicing orthognathic surgery to evaluate faces with retruded or protruded chins (dysgnathic faces) using photographs. Because motion may alter how the face is perceived, we investigated the perception of faces presented via photographs and videos. Two hundred naïve raters (lay persons, without maxillo facial surgery background) evaluated 12 subjects with varying chin anatomy [so-called skeletal Class I (normal chin), Class II (retruded chin), and Class III (protruded chin)]. Starting from eight traits, with Factor analysis we found a two-Factor solution, i.e. an "aesthetics associated traits cluster" and a Factor "personality traits cluster" which appeared to be uncorrelated. Internal consistency of the Factors found for photographs and videos was excellent. Generally, female raters delivered better ratings than males, but the effect sizes were small. We analyzed differences and the respective effect magnitude between photograph and video perce...

Research paper thumbnail of Child abuse and neglect in institutional settings, cumulative lifetime traumatization, and psychopathological long-term correlates in adult survivors: The Vienna Institutional Abuse Study

Child abuse & neglect, Jan 22, 2017

Child maltreatment (CM) in foster care settings (i.e., institutional abuse, IA) is known to have ... more Child maltreatment (CM) in foster care settings (i.e., institutional abuse, IA) is known to have negative effects on adult survivor's mental health. This study examines and compares the extent of CM (physical, emotional, and sexual abuse; physical and emotional neglect) and lifetime traumatization with regard to current adult mental health in a group of survivors of IA and a comparison group from the community. Participants in the foster care group (n = 220) were adult survivors of IA in Viennese foster care institutions, the comparison group (n = 234) consisted of persons from the Viennese population. The comparison group included persons who were exposed to CM within their families. Participants completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Life Events Checklist for DSM-5, the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, the International Trauma Questionnaire for ICD-11, and the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 and completed a structured clinical interview. Participants in the foster care group sh...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of nasalance and nasality in patients with a repaired cleft palate

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2017

In patients with a repaired cleft palate, nasality is typically diagnosed by speech language path... more In patients with a repaired cleft palate, nasality is typically diagnosed by speech language pathologists. In addition, there are various instruments to objectively diagnose nasalance. To explore the potential of nasalance measurements after cleft palate repair by NasalView(®), we correlated perceptual nasality and instrumentally measured nasalance of eight speech items and determined the relationship between sensitivity and specificity of the nasalance measures by receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) analyses and AUC (area under the curve) computation for each single test item and specific item groups. We recruited patients with a primarily repaired cleft palate receiving speech therapy during follow-up. During a single day visit, perceptive and instrumental assessments were obtained in 36 patients and analyzed. The individual perceptual nasality was assigned to one of four categories; the corresponding instrumental nasalance measures for the eight specific speech items were ex...

Research paper thumbnail of Manière dont les personnes ayant suivi la filière propédeutique de psychothérapie évaluent leurs propres compétences

Anhand einer empirischen Studie soll über die subjektive Einschätzung von zukünftigen Psychothera... more Anhand einer empirischen Studie soll über die subjektive Einschätzung von zukünftigen Psychotherapeuten und Psychotherapeutinnen bezüglich der Einschätzung ihrer Kompetenzen berichtet werden. Befragt wurden Ausbildungskandidaten gleich nach Abschluss des psychotherapeutischen Propädeutikums. Ziel des Beitrages soll es sein, das in der vorläufigen Version von uns verwendete Erhebungsinstrument und einzelne Ergebnisse daraus vorzustellen. Ein Teil der Erhebung bezieht sich auf die Frage nach dem Gewinn, den die Teilnehmer aus den Teilbereichen der Ausbildung ihrer persönlichen Einschätzung nach gezogen haben (Theoretischer Teil des Propädeutikums, Selbsterfahrung, Praktikum, Supervision und einschlägige Berufstätigkeit). Ein weiterer Abschnitt beschäftigt sich mit der Frage nach der Wichtigkeit von Zielen, die in der therapeutischen Tätigkeit der Meinung der Ausbildungskandidaten nach im Zentrum stehen sollten. Im abschließenden Teil der Befragung wurden Meinungen der Kandidaten dahin...

Research paper thumbnail of Predictors of Functional Outcome in Patients With Bipolar Disorder: Effects of Cognitive Psychoeducational Group Therapy After 12 Months

Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2020

Background: Cognitive deficits are known as a core feature in bipolar disorder. Persisting neuroc... more Background: Cognitive deficits are known as a core feature in bipolar disorder. Persisting neurocognitive impairment is associated with low psychosocial functioning. The aim of this study was to identify potential cognitive, clinical and treatment-dependent predictors for functional impairment, symptom severity and early recurrence in bipolar patients, as well as to analyze neurocognitive performance compared to healthy controls.Methods: Forty three remitted bipolar patients and 40 healthy controls were assessed with a neurocognitive battery testing specifically attention, memory, verbal fluency and executive functions. In a randomized controlled trial, remitted patients were assigned to two treatment conditions as add-on to state-of-the-art pharmacotherapy: cognitive psychoeducational group therapy over 14 weeks or treatment-as-usual. At 12 months after therapy, functional impairment and severity of symptoms were assessed.Results: Compared to healthy controls, bipolar patients show...

Research paper thumbnail of Long-term quality of life evaluation of patients with total hip arthroplasty

HIP International, 2003

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and psychological situation of total hip arthro... more The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and psychological situation of total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients before and one year and five years after surgery. Data of 101 patients were available for the one-year and of 69 patients for the five-year follow-up. Quality of Life (QoL) data were collected using the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), functional capacity comprised patient's self-assessment (Functional Outcome Questionnaire Hannover, FFbH) and surgeon's assessment (Harris Hip Score, HHS). While all dimensions of QoL and functional capacity except social isolation showed significant improvement at the one-year follow-up, only pain scores showed further improvement at the five-year evaluation. Implantation of THA is accompanied by significant increases in QoL and functional capacity. Stabilised scores were found at the five-year evaluation while significant increases could be observed after one year.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison in the assessment of facial aesthetics and personality traits between patients with a dysgnathia and a naive control group

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2013

The aim of the present paper is to access the aesthetic facial profile and outcome with orthognat... more The aim of the present paper is to access the aesthetic facial profile and outcome with orthognathic surgical procedures. The artistic aspect of orthognathic surgery has been developing for decades. The scientific aspect of these procedures has been investigated by clinical and academic surgeons around the world. Materials and methods: 20 patients were reported with dentofacial deformities. All 20 cases were operated according to surgical protocol. Results: All cases were operated at St. Joseph General Hospital, India. Surgical outcome was successful with good facial aesthetic providing good occlusion and function. Conclusion: We present our experience in the field of orthognathic surgery. The possible surgical procedures made us to carve new faces with better results.

Research paper thumbnail of P.5.040 Buprenorphine maintenance in pregnant opiate addicts

European Neuropsychopharmacology, 1997

R) treatment was administered three times a week with the result of loosing the virus in 80% afte... more R) treatment was administered three times a week with the result of loosing the virus in 80% after a treatment period of 6 months. The high prevalence of hepatitis C and the good response to interferon treatment proves the necessity of stabilization opiate dependent subjects in enrolling them in a maintenance program and applying appropriate treatment for the hepatitis C virus. In addition, primary prevention programs have to be established.

Research paper thumbnail of Diversification in opioid maintenance therapy for pregnant women

European Neuropsychopharmacology, 1999

To assess maternal and fetal safety and neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in neonates born to me... more To assess maternal and fetal safety and neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in neonates born to methadone, slow-release morphine and buprenorphine maintained females.

Research paper thumbnail of Buprenorphine Maintenance: Office-Based Treatment with Addiction Clinic Support

European Addiction Research, 2004

Introduction: Buprenorphine has already been registered in 27 European countries for maintenance ... more Introduction: Buprenorphine has already been registered in 27 European countries for maintenance therapy in opioid-dependent patients. In our office-based prescription study we applied sublingual buprenorphine, initiating the treatment at the addiction clinic with subsequent treatment at the offices of general practitioners (GPs) to evaluate its efficacy and feasibility in two different treatment settings. Methods: Sixty opioid-dependent patients were studied for a period of 15 weeks. The first 3 weeks of treatment initiation took place at the addiction clinic, followed by 12 weeks of treatment by GPs. Mean outcome measures were retention rate and additional consumption of illicit substances in addition to the evaluation of whether buprenorphine can be prescribed successfully by GPs. Results: The retention rate was 57% (n = 34). No significant differences occurred between the treatment phases at the specialized addiction unit and the GPs’ offices. During the 15-week period a signifi...

Research paper thumbnail of Use of Slow-Release Oral Morphine for the Treatment of Opioid Dependence

European Addiction Research, 2005

Aims: In addition to methadone, other synthetic opioids are now available for the treatment of op... more Aims: In addition to methadone, other synthetic opioids are now available for the treatment of opioid dependence. The study investigated the treatment satisfaction of oral slow-release morphine for maintenance therapy in opioid-dependent patients in an open-label 3-week study. Design: We evaluated the treatment satisfaction of oral slow-release morphine hydrochloride for 3 weeks in 110 patients meeting the diagnosis of opioid dependence (DSM-IV 304.0) or polysubstance dependence (DSM-IV 304.9). Measurements: Primary outcome measures were the study retention rate, urinalysis for additional illicit consumption other than heroin, cravings and withdrawal symptoms 24 h after the last intake of the medication (duration of action of treatment). Findings: In total, 103 patients completed the study, representing a retention rate of 94%. Patients reported significant improvements in somatic complaints, as well as significant reductions in heroin and cocaine cravings (p < 0.0001) and in add...

Research paper thumbnail of Cocaine Use in Europe – A Multi-Centre Study: Patterns of Use in Different Groups

European Addiction Research, 2004

Aim: The study investigates patterns of cocaine powder and crack cocaine use of different groups ... more Aim: The study investigates patterns of cocaine powder and crack cocaine use of different groups in nine European cities. Design, Setting, Participants: Multi-centre cross-sectional study conducted in Barcelona, Budapest, Dublin, Hamburg, London, Paris, Rome, Vienna, and Zurich. Data were collected by structured face-to-face interviews. The sample comprises 1,855 cocaine users out of three subgroups: 632 cocaine users in addiction treatment, mainly maintenance treatment; 615 socially marginalized cocaine users not in treatment, and 608 socially integrated cocaine users not in treatment. Measurements: Use of cocaine powder, crack cocaine and other substances in the last 30 days, routes of administration, and lifetime use of cocaine powder and crack cocaine. Findings: The marginalized group showed the highest intensity of cocaine use, the highest intensity of heroin use and of multiple substance use. 95% of the integrated group snorted cocaine powder, while in the two other groups, in...

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring hidden populations: Recreational drug users

Cyberpsychology: …, 2008

... Birgit U. Stetina 1 , Reinhold Jagsch 2 , Cornelia Schramel 3 , Tamara Lederman Maman 4 , Ils... more ... Birgit U. Stetina 1 , Reinhold Jagsch 2 , Cornelia Schramel 3 , Tamara Lederman Maman 4 , Ilse Kryspin-Exner 5. ... showed only a moderate elevation of drug use at homo-or bisexual men and women compared to heterosexual men and women (Cochran, Ackerman, Mays &amp;amp; ...

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Esthetic, Functional, and Quality-of-Life Outcome in Adult Cleft Lip and Palate Patients

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal, 2005

Objective Evaluation of esthetic, functional, and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) outcomes... more Objective Evaluation of esthetic, functional, and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) outcomes in adult patients with a repaired cleft lip and palate. The treatment for all patients was based on the so-called Vienna concept. Patients/Design Seventy adult patients with a repaired complete cleft lip and palate, ranging in age from 18 to 30 years, were included in the study. Esthetic and functional outcomes were assessed by the patients themselves and by five experts using a visual analog scale. Patients also completed the MOS Short-Form 36 questionnaire to evaluate health-related quality of life. Results Patients rated their esthetic outcome significantly worse than the experts did. No significant differences were observed in the ratings for function. Female patients, especially, were dissatisfied with their esthetic outcomes. In a personal interview, nearly 63% of them asked for further treatment, particularly for upper-lip and nose corrections. The health-related quality-of-life ...

Research paper thumbnail of Opioid plasma concentrations in methadone-and buprenorphine-maintained patients

Addiction Biology, 2005

This is the first trial to compare the relationship of opioid plasma concentrations in methadone-... more This is the first trial to compare the relationship of opioid plasma concentrations in methadone-versus buprenorphine-maintained subjects. Sixty subjects (19 females and 41 males) seeking treatment who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual version IV (DSM-IV) criteria for opioid dependence were recruited and treated at the Drug Addiction Outpatient Clinic at the University of Vienna. Of these, 44 (11 female and 33 male) were included in the analyses of plasma concentrations. Subjects received either daily sublingual buprenorphine (2 mg or 8 mg tablets; maximum daily dose: 8 mg) or oral methadone (racemic R-/S-methadone) and were maintained on a stable dose after an induction period of 2 weeks. Mean dose and mean plasma concentrations were correlated on an individual and collective basis. Correlation was 0.51 for buprenorphine, whereas the score for methadone was 0.69. Intra-individual variation was much higher for buprenorphine (p 5 0.0001), while the concentration-to-dose ratio was very small. Based on the differences of the pharmacokinetics of blood plasma of the two agents, we tried to explain the differences in the acceptance of treatment, which was significantly lower in the buprenorphine-maintained group. No such differences could be evaluated between completers and dropouts in buprenorphine-maintained subjects, neither concerning withdrawal scores nor dose, plasma concentration, concentration-to-dose ratios or intra-individual variation.

Research paper thumbnail of Treatment of opioid-dependent pregnant women with buprenorphine

Addiction, 2000

To assess the maternal and fetal acceptability of buprenorphine and neonatal abstinence syndrome ... more To assess the maternal and fetal acceptability of buprenorphine and neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in children born to buprenorphine-maintained mothers. Open-label, flexible dosing, inpatient induction with outpatient maintenance, conducted at the University of Vienna within the existing pregnancy and drug addiction program. Fifteen opioid-dependent pregnant women. Sublingual buprenorphine tablets (1-10 mg/day). Mothers: withdrawal symptoms (Wang Scale), nicotine dependence (Fagerström Scale: FTQ) and urinalysis. Neonates: birth outcome and NAS (Finnegan Scale). All subjects were opioid-, nicotine- and cannabis-dependent. Buprenorphine was well tolerated during induction (Wang Score &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; or = 4) and illicit opioid use was negligible (91% opioid-negative). All maternal, fetal and neonatal safety laboratory measures were within normal limits or not of clinical significance. Mean birth outcome measures including gestational age at delivery (39.6 +/- 1.5 weeks), Apgar scores (1 min = 8.9; 5 min = 9.9; and 10 min = 10), birth weight (3049 +/- 346 g), length (49.8 +/- 1.9 cm) and head circumference (34.1 +/- 1.8 cm) were within normal limits. The NAS was absent, mild (without treatment) and moderate (with treatment) in eight, four and three neonates, respectively. The mean duration of NAS was 1.1 days. Buprenorphine appears to be well accepted by mother and fetus, and associated with a low incidence of NAS. Further investigation of buprenorphine as a maintenance agent for opioid-dependent pregnant women is needed.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative study of the effectiveness of slow-release morphine and methadone for opioid maintenance therapy

Addiction, 2005

Aims Slow-release morphine may represent a much-needed new pharmacological treatment for opioid d... more Aims Slow-release morphine may represent a much-needed new pharmacological treatment for opioid dependence. Design In a 14-week randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, cross-over study oral slow-release morphine was compared with methadone as a treatment for opioid dependency. During two study periods, each consisting of a 1-week titration and a 6-week fixed-dose treatment phase, medication was administered daily under supervised conditions. Setting The study was carried out at the Addiction Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna. Participants Sixty-four subjects (56 males, eight females) with opioid dependence participated in the trial. Measurements Efficacy was evaluated on the basis of retention, use of illicit substances based on urinalysis, extent of drug cravings, withdrawal symptoms and general wellbeing. Safety was assessed on the basis of adverse events and clinical and physical examination. Demographic and baseline characteristics were assessed using the European Addiction Severity Index. Findings Fifty-five patients (86%) completed the study, with a mean methadone dose of 85 mg and a mean slow-release morphine dose of 680 mg. No significant differences in retention or use of illicit substances (opioids, benzodiazepines, cocaine) were observed, irrespective of treatment group or medication. However, patients receiving slow-release morphine had significantly lower depression (P < 0.001) and anxiety scores (P = 0.008) and fewer physical complaints (P < 0.001). Conclusions Oral slow-release morphine is as effective as methadone in the treatment of opioid dependency, with comparable safety and tolerability and a greater benefit on patient wellbeing. Greater pharmaceutical diversity represents a modern development in mainstream medicine. Slow-release morphine might represent a future treatment option that will improve long-term outcomes for this target group.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of methadone and slow-release morphine maintenance in pregnant addicts

Addiction, 1999

To investigate whether the neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is different in children born to wo... more To investigate whether the neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is different in children born to women maintained on slow-release morphine, compared with those maintained on methadone, and to compare additional drug consumption in these groups of women. An open, randomized trial was conducted in an established clinic. Forty-eight pregnant women who presented to the clinic as opiate or polysubstance abusers were enrolled and maintained on either methadone (24 women) or slow-release morphine (24 women) up to and following delivery. The programme included psychosocial therapy and support for their opiate-addicted partners. Standard urinalysis methods were used to measure consumption of cocaine and benzodiazepines during pregnancy. Injection sites were monitored to indicate additional opiate use. NAS was measured according to Finnegan score and the amount of phenobarbiturates prescribed to alleviate the symptoms. No difference was found in the number of days that NAS was experienced by neonates born to methadone or morphine maintained mothers (mean = 16 and 21 days, respectively). All children were born healthy and no serious complications arose. Fewer benzodiazepines (p &lt; 0.05) and fewer additional opiates (p &lt; 0.05) were consumed by the morphine-maintained women compared with those who took methadone, but no difference was seen in cocaine consumption. Nicotine consumption was reduced significantly in both groups during pregnancy (p &lt; 0.02). Both methadone and morphine are suitable maintenance agents for pregnant opiate addicts. Maintenance agents that result in a less prolonged NAS should be studied in further trials.

Research paper thumbnail of Gedanken an ein Lebensende in Haft – eine Besonderheit der Inhaftierten im höheren Alter

Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie, 2020

ZusammenfassungZiel der Studie war es, die Rolle etwaiger Gedanken an den Tod und das Sterben im ... more ZusammenfassungZiel der Studie war es, die Rolle etwaiger Gedanken an den Tod und das Sterben im Hinblick auf die Persönlichkeit, die physische und psychische Gesundheit sowie die Zufriedenheit mit unterschiedlichen Bereichen des Lebens und der Haftsituation von Inhaftierten im Seniorenalter zu untersuchen. Die Studie wurde als fragenbogenbasierte Querschnittuntersuchung konzipiert. Insgesamt wurden 55 Inhaftierte im Alter von 60 Jahren und mehr aus 11 österreichischen Justizanstalten mittels Beck-Depression-Inventar II, Brief Symptom Inventar-53 und NEO-Fünf-Faktoren-Inventar untersucht. Zusätzlich wurde die Zufriedenheit mit unterschiedlichen Facetten ihres aktuellen Lebens und Alltages mittels visueller Analogskalen (VAS) bewertet. Die statistische Überprüfung etwaiger Unterschiede erfolgte anhand von Mittelwertsvergleichen.Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass inhaftierte Senioren, die keine Gedanken an den Tod berichten, niedrigere Neurotizismuswerte und eine deutlich geringer...

Research paper thumbnail of Awareness of olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease

Neuropsychology, 2019

OBJECTIVE Olfactory impairment is a very common symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD). However,... more OBJECTIVE Olfactory impairment is a very common symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, individuals often overestimate their ability to smell. Hyposmia and metacognitive errors are also related to aging, depression, male gender and cognitive impairment. The current study investigated the awareness of olfactory functioning in PD and the influence of additional factors. METHOD A sample of 124 nondemented PD patients and 154 elderly controls was assessed with the Sniffin' Sticks Odor Identification Test (OIT) and the Subjective Olfactory Capability (SOC) domain of the Assessment of Self-Reported Olfactory Functioning and Olfaction-Related Quality of Life, additional to measures of depressive symptoms, verbal memory and executive functioning. Olfactory awareness groups were formed by means of the cut-offs of the OIT and the SOC. RESULTS Significant correlations between the OIT and the SOC were moderate in participants with PD and small in controls. Of all PD patients, 52% overrated their sense of smell while 27% correctly identified themselves as being hyposmic, as opposed to corresponding 6% and 1% of healthy elderly. Overrating and aware of being hyposmic participants with PD showed worse executive functions than PD patients who were objectively and subjectively normosmic. CONCLUSIONS The findings imply that, although people with PD are aware of hyposmia to some extent, the majority is affected by overestimation of the ability to smell, making self-reported functioning an unreliable source of information. Moreover, reduced odor identification and impaired executive functioning might underlie the same pathological changes within the brain and could serve as a marker for cognitive impairment in PD. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Research paper thumbnail of Perception of aesthetics and personality traits in orthognathic surgery patients: A comparison of still and moving images

PloS one, 2018

It is common in practicing orthognathic surgery to evaluate faces with retruded or protruded chin... more It is common in practicing orthognathic surgery to evaluate faces with retruded or protruded chins (dysgnathic faces) using photographs. Because motion may alter how the face is perceived, we investigated the perception of faces presented via photographs and videos. Two hundred naïve raters (lay persons, without maxillo facial surgery background) evaluated 12 subjects with varying chin anatomy [so-called skeletal Class I (normal chin), Class II (retruded chin), and Class III (protruded chin)]. Starting from eight traits, with Factor analysis we found a two-Factor solution, i.e. an "aesthetics associated traits cluster" and a Factor "personality traits cluster" which appeared to be uncorrelated. Internal consistency of the Factors found for photographs and videos was excellent. Generally, female raters delivered better ratings than males, but the effect sizes were small. We analyzed differences and the respective effect magnitude between photograph and video perce...

Research paper thumbnail of Child abuse and neglect in institutional settings, cumulative lifetime traumatization, and psychopathological long-term correlates in adult survivors: The Vienna Institutional Abuse Study

Child abuse & neglect, Jan 22, 2017

Child maltreatment (CM) in foster care settings (i.e., institutional abuse, IA) is known to have ... more Child maltreatment (CM) in foster care settings (i.e., institutional abuse, IA) is known to have negative effects on adult survivor's mental health. This study examines and compares the extent of CM (physical, emotional, and sexual abuse; physical and emotional neglect) and lifetime traumatization with regard to current adult mental health in a group of survivors of IA and a comparison group from the community. Participants in the foster care group (n = 220) were adult survivors of IA in Viennese foster care institutions, the comparison group (n = 234) consisted of persons from the Viennese population. The comparison group included persons who were exposed to CM within their families. Participants completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Life Events Checklist for DSM-5, the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, the International Trauma Questionnaire for ICD-11, and the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 and completed a structured clinical interview. Participants in the foster care group sh...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of nasalance and nasality in patients with a repaired cleft palate

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2017

In patients with a repaired cleft palate, nasality is typically diagnosed by speech language path... more In patients with a repaired cleft palate, nasality is typically diagnosed by speech language pathologists. In addition, there are various instruments to objectively diagnose nasalance. To explore the potential of nasalance measurements after cleft palate repair by NasalView(®), we correlated perceptual nasality and instrumentally measured nasalance of eight speech items and determined the relationship between sensitivity and specificity of the nasalance measures by receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) analyses and AUC (area under the curve) computation for each single test item and specific item groups. We recruited patients with a primarily repaired cleft palate receiving speech therapy during follow-up. During a single day visit, perceptive and instrumental assessments were obtained in 36 patients and analyzed. The individual perceptual nasality was assigned to one of four categories; the corresponding instrumental nasalance measures for the eight specific speech items were ex...