Paul Rendell - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Paul Rendell

Research paper thumbnail of Developmental Validation of the ParaDNA® Screening System - A presumptive test for the detection of DNA on forensic evidence items

Forensic Science International: Genetics, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Abstract the Exclusion Zone Model – a Development Methodology

This paper describes the application of prototyping and rapid development techniques to the suppo... more This paper describes the application of prototyping and rapid development techniques to the support of real Operations when meeting a specific military requirement. The Exclusion Zone Model (EZM) has been selected as a Case Study as it illustrates how the techniques can be applied, while highlighting the problems encountered by developers operating in a highly reactive environment. 1

Research paper thumbnail of Developmental validation of the ParaDNA ® Body Fluid ID System

Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series

LGC has developed a rapid mRNA-based body fluid test that runs on the ParaDNA ® System, a direct ... more LGC has developed a rapid mRNA-based body fluid test that runs on the ParaDNA ® System, a direct sampling and instrument platform utilizing HyBeacon ® hybridization probes and end-point melt detection. The ParaDNA Body Fluid ID Test can detect and identify six different body fluids; vaginal fluid, seminal fluid, sperm cells, saliva, menstrual blood and peripheral blood. Crime stains or swabs are directly sampled to collect a small percentage of material from the item for delivery into pre-prepared chemistry within each test plate. Here we describe some of the ParaDNA Body Fluid ID Test developmental validation studies. The validation assessed performance of the different body fluid markers in the test, including sensitivity, sample aging/environmental studies, mixtures and exposure to various inhibitors.

Research paper thumbnail of Developmental validation of the ParaDNA® Body Fluid ID System—A rapid multiplex mRNA-profiling system for the forensic identification of body fluids

Forensic Science International: Genetics

Identifying the biological origin of forensic traces can provide crucial evidence to aid criminal... more Identifying the biological origin of forensic traces can provide crucial evidence to aid criminal investigations. Current forensic practice for the identification of body fluids mostly uses protein-based presumptive tests. Such tests cannot identify all of the forensically relevant fluids and have issues of cross-reactivity. More recently, messenger RNA methods have been developed that have expanded the range of body fluids that can be positively identified. However, these methods are slow and require expert scientists to run the processes and interpret the results. The ParaDNA® Body Fluid ID System has been designed to provide a simple, fast and robust way to identify forensically relevant body fluids in a lab or field-deployable manner. The system can analyse and detect mRNA targets for six different body fluids: vaginal fluid, seminal fluid, sperm cells, saliva, menstrual blood and peripheral blood. Utilising the ParaDNA Sample Collector and instruments, minimal training is required to enable both forensic scientists and non-specialist personnel to analyse biological samples directly, without prior sample processing, in approximately 90 min. The developmental validation studies described here were designed to address requirements of end users, based on the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM) guidelines, and tested the sensitivity, reproducibility, accuracy, inhibitor tolerance, and performance of the ParaDNA Body Fluid ID System on a range of mock evidence items. The data collected demonstrate that the Body Fluid ID System can automatically determine the presence of specific body fluid mRNA markers in single-source and mixed samples on multiple substrate types and body fluids could be identified with as little as 0.05ng total RNA and 1μl of the relevant fluid. Results can either be used to support confirmation of source from previously obtained STR DNA profiling results or to improve sample success rates by making better informed evidential submissions.

Research paper thumbnail of Developmental Validation of the ParaDNA® Intelligence System—A novel approach to DNA profiling

Forensic Science International: Genetics, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Concordance study between the ParaDNA(®) Intelligence Test, a Rapid DNA profiling assay, and a conventional STR typing kit (AmpFlSTR(®) SGM Plus(®))

Forensic science international. Genetics, Jan 11, 2014

The ParaDNA(®) Intelligence Test enables STR profiling directly from human biological samples and... more The ParaDNA(®) Intelligence Test enables STR profiling directly from human biological samples and evidence items collected from crime scene in 75min. Designed for non-expert use this system allows DNA information to be available to investigators before it would typically be available from a laboratory. The ParaDNA Intelligence Test system amplifies D3S1358, D8S119, D16S539, D18S1358 and TH01 STR loci and the gender typing locus amelogenin and detects the alleles present with HyBeacon(®) probes. Individual DNA samples from 381 UK Caucasian individuals were analysed using AmpFlSTR(®) SGM Plus(®) and the ParaDNA Intelligence Test with the derived STR profiles compared. Here we describe the high level of concordance demonstrated between the two systems and discuss this with reference to allele frequencies and the discriminatory power offered by the ParaDNA Intelligence Test.

Research paper thumbnail of The Exclusion Zone Model-a development methodology

This paper describes the application of prototyping and rapid development techniques to the suppo... more This paper describes the application of prototyping and rapid development techniques to the support of real operations when meeting a specific military requirement. The Exclusion Zone Model (EZM) has been selected as a case study as it illustrates how the techniques can be applied, while highlighting the problems encountered by developers operating in a highly reactive environment

Research paper thumbnail of The Exclusion Zone Model -- A Development Methodology

This paper describes the application of prototyping and rapid development techniques to the suppo... more This paper describes the application of prototyping and rapid development techniques to the support of real Operations when meeting a specific military requirement. The Exclusion Zone Model (EZM) has been selected as a Case Study as it illustrates how the techniques can be applied, while highlighting the problems encountered by developers operating in a highly reactive environment. 1 INTRODUCTION The Operational Analysis Element (OAE) of the Air Warfare Centre provides scientific support to front line units of the Royal Air Force, and consequently is required to develop, maintain and use simulation models and tools. Depending on the nature of the task, the models and tools can vary in size and complexity from detailed wargames requiring several days, if not weeks, to prepare and execute, down to simple spreadsheet models which can be prepared and utilised in minutes. Many of the problems faced by military planners require responses and actions within very tight time-scales. Consequ...

Research paper thumbnail of Developmental Validation of the ParaDNA® Screening System - A presumptive test for the detection of DNA on forensic evidence items

Forensic Science International: Genetics, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Abstract the Exclusion Zone Model – a Development Methodology

This paper describes the application of prototyping and rapid development techniques to the suppo... more This paper describes the application of prototyping and rapid development techniques to the support of real Operations when meeting a specific military requirement. The Exclusion Zone Model (EZM) has been selected as a Case Study as it illustrates how the techniques can be applied, while highlighting the problems encountered by developers operating in a highly reactive environment. 1

Research paper thumbnail of Developmental validation of the ParaDNA ® Body Fluid ID System

Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series

LGC has developed a rapid mRNA-based body fluid test that runs on the ParaDNA ® System, a direct ... more LGC has developed a rapid mRNA-based body fluid test that runs on the ParaDNA ® System, a direct sampling and instrument platform utilizing HyBeacon ® hybridization probes and end-point melt detection. The ParaDNA Body Fluid ID Test can detect and identify six different body fluids; vaginal fluid, seminal fluid, sperm cells, saliva, menstrual blood and peripheral blood. Crime stains or swabs are directly sampled to collect a small percentage of material from the item for delivery into pre-prepared chemistry within each test plate. Here we describe some of the ParaDNA Body Fluid ID Test developmental validation studies. The validation assessed performance of the different body fluid markers in the test, including sensitivity, sample aging/environmental studies, mixtures and exposure to various inhibitors.

Research paper thumbnail of Developmental validation of the ParaDNA® Body Fluid ID System—A rapid multiplex mRNA-profiling system for the forensic identification of body fluids

Forensic Science International: Genetics

Identifying the biological origin of forensic traces can provide crucial evidence to aid criminal... more Identifying the biological origin of forensic traces can provide crucial evidence to aid criminal investigations. Current forensic practice for the identification of body fluids mostly uses protein-based presumptive tests. Such tests cannot identify all of the forensically relevant fluids and have issues of cross-reactivity. More recently, messenger RNA methods have been developed that have expanded the range of body fluids that can be positively identified. However, these methods are slow and require expert scientists to run the processes and interpret the results. The ParaDNA® Body Fluid ID System has been designed to provide a simple, fast and robust way to identify forensically relevant body fluids in a lab or field-deployable manner. The system can analyse and detect mRNA targets for six different body fluids: vaginal fluid, seminal fluid, sperm cells, saliva, menstrual blood and peripheral blood. Utilising the ParaDNA Sample Collector and instruments, minimal training is required to enable both forensic scientists and non-specialist personnel to analyse biological samples directly, without prior sample processing, in approximately 90 min. The developmental validation studies described here were designed to address requirements of end users, based on the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM) guidelines, and tested the sensitivity, reproducibility, accuracy, inhibitor tolerance, and performance of the ParaDNA Body Fluid ID System on a range of mock evidence items. The data collected demonstrate that the Body Fluid ID System can automatically determine the presence of specific body fluid mRNA markers in single-source and mixed samples on multiple substrate types and body fluids could be identified with as little as 0.05ng total RNA and 1μl of the relevant fluid. Results can either be used to support confirmation of source from previously obtained STR DNA profiling results or to improve sample success rates by making better informed evidential submissions.

Research paper thumbnail of Developmental Validation of the ParaDNA® Intelligence System—A novel approach to DNA profiling

Forensic Science International: Genetics, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Concordance study between the ParaDNA(®) Intelligence Test, a Rapid DNA profiling assay, and a conventional STR typing kit (AmpFlSTR(®) SGM Plus(®))

Forensic science international. Genetics, Jan 11, 2014

The ParaDNA(®) Intelligence Test enables STR profiling directly from human biological samples and... more The ParaDNA(®) Intelligence Test enables STR profiling directly from human biological samples and evidence items collected from crime scene in 75min. Designed for non-expert use this system allows DNA information to be available to investigators before it would typically be available from a laboratory. The ParaDNA Intelligence Test system amplifies D3S1358, D8S119, D16S539, D18S1358 and TH01 STR loci and the gender typing locus amelogenin and detects the alleles present with HyBeacon(®) probes. Individual DNA samples from 381 UK Caucasian individuals were analysed using AmpFlSTR(®) SGM Plus(®) and the ParaDNA Intelligence Test with the derived STR profiles compared. Here we describe the high level of concordance demonstrated between the two systems and discuss this with reference to allele frequencies and the discriminatory power offered by the ParaDNA Intelligence Test.

Research paper thumbnail of The Exclusion Zone Model-a development methodology

This paper describes the application of prototyping and rapid development techniques to the suppo... more This paper describes the application of prototyping and rapid development techniques to the support of real operations when meeting a specific military requirement. The Exclusion Zone Model (EZM) has been selected as a case study as it illustrates how the techniques can be applied, while highlighting the problems encountered by developers operating in a highly reactive environment

Research paper thumbnail of The Exclusion Zone Model -- A Development Methodology

This paper describes the application of prototyping and rapid development techniques to the suppo... more This paper describes the application of prototyping and rapid development techniques to the support of real Operations when meeting a specific military requirement. The Exclusion Zone Model (EZM) has been selected as a Case Study as it illustrates how the techniques can be applied, while highlighting the problems encountered by developers operating in a highly reactive environment. 1 INTRODUCTION The Operational Analysis Element (OAE) of the Air Warfare Centre provides scientific support to front line units of the Royal Air Force, and consequently is required to develop, maintain and use simulation models and tools. Depending on the nature of the task, the models and tools can vary in size and complexity from detailed wargames requiring several days, if not weeks, to prepare and execute, down to simple spreadsheet models which can be prepared and utilised in minutes. Many of the problems faced by military planners require responses and actions within very tight time-scales. Consequ...