Ričardas Kolosovskis - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Ričardas Kolosovskis

Geodezija ir kartografija, Sep 11, 2012

Summary In this article the quality of the second order Lithuanian GPS network adjustment is cons... more Summary In this article the quality of the second order Lithuanian GPS network adjustment is considered by three software tool packages: Fillnet, Turbonet and Geosecma. In the analysis, the modified Student criterion defining the influence of large errors on the adjusted values of composite chords was employed. The essential difference between the Fillnet software tool and Turbonet software tool is that in Fillnet software tool the chord composite covariance is ignored, while in Turbonet software tool this fact is taken in account. On the basis of Student statistics there is shown that the covariance influence is sufficiently essential. Moreover, by ignoring the covariance the incorrect accuracy was obtained estimating the adjusted values, which is relatively better. Then the real confidence intervals for the adjusted coordinate depatures are much larger then those shown by the software tools that ignore the covariance factor. Finally, using the Student statistics the influence of the systematic errors on...

Activities of Lithuanian National Geodetic Vertical Reference Network (NGVRN) establishment are g... more Activities of Lithuanian National Geodetic Vertical Reference Network (NGVRN) establishment are going on since 1998. The goal of NGVRN establishment is a creation of new Lithuanian height reference suitable for present period practical and scientific needs. The Lithuanian Geodetic Vertical First Order Network consists of five polygons. Perimeter of the network is ca. 1900 km. Its development was finished in 2006. Connections of the first order vertical network with the vertical networks of neighbouring countries were established. All this creates good preconditions for determination of relations between height systems and for introduction of a new Lithuanian geodetic vertical (height) system. But this network is not dense enough to transfer the geodetic vertical system to the all territory of Lithuania and to improve the geoid model. It is necessary to dense available First Order Geodetic Vertical Network by developing the Second Order Geodetic Vertical Network. The territory of Lithuania is divided into five regions. Borders of the regions are First Order Network levelling lines and lines connecting Lithuanian national Vertical Network to the corresponding networks of the neighbouring countries. The regions are called: South, East, North, West and Centre. The design of the Second Order Geodetic Vertical Network is presented. The necessary density, accuracy of the geopotential numbers and ellipsoidal heights are discussed. Some results of the geodetic measurements are presented too.

Geodezija ir kartografija, Sep 27, 2012

Summary The Lithuanian first order GPS network was established in the 1993. Observations were per... more Summary The Lithuanian first order GPS network was established in the 1993. Observations were performed with 4 two frequency Ashtech P-12 GPS receivers. The influences of individual parameters on the adjustment results are described. Totally 68 cases for o-files analysis were selected. They were created as a combination of separate parameters. Different combinations were created by changing values of 8 parameters. The analysis of each parameter influence is described in tha separate section. Conclusions and some baselines accuracy charts are presented in the end of the paper.

Geodezija ir kartografija, Sep 11, 2012

Summary Lithuanian national second order GPS network was started to establish in 1994 after the m... more Summary Lithuanian national second order GPS network was started to establish in 1994 after the measurements of Lithuanian national first order GPS network. 2969 vectors have been observed between 529 points in one and a half year. Main features of processing and adjusting the second order GPS network are studied in the paper. RMS of vectors and their distribution are presented. Mean RMS of the vector is 12 mm. Three parts with common points have been established in one and a half year and they form the second order GPS network. The discrepancies of the point coordinates of separately adjusted parts of network as well as discrepancies of the coordinates between common adjustment and separate parts of network are presented. Observations of part of network were repeated after one year in order to write the network parts. Mean discrepancies of the point coordinates were 11 mm, in comparison with previous observations.

Baltica, 2022

We presented a concept of a modern gravimetric-geodetic survey, the data processing and analysis ... more We presented a concept of a modern gravimetric-geodetic survey, the data processing and analysis of gravimetric observations and, ultimately, a new gravimetric map of the territory of Lithuania. In this connection, we outlined the applied algorithms for calculating free-air gravity anomalies and Bouguer anomalies, as well as assessed their accuracy and the accuracies of other parameters. The following accuracies were obtained: 0.021 mGal for uncertainties of gravity acceleration according to differences detected at control points, 0.025 m for coordinates, 0.015 m for ellipsoidal heights, 0.073 mGal for Bouguer anomalies, and 0.326 mGal for interpolated Bouguer anomalies. We further described the content of the gravimetric map. The map shows gravity measurement points together with their recorded value of Bouguer anomaly. Isoanomalies of gravity acceleration are drawn every 2 mGal. The scale of the map is 1:200,000. The printed version of the gravimetric map of the territory of Lithuania consists of 15 pages (50 × 50 cm).

Summary The Lithuanian first order GPS network was established in the 1993. Observations were per... more Summary The Lithuanian first order GPS network was established in the 1993. Observations were performed with 4 two frequency Ashtech P-12 GPS receivers. The influences of individual parameters on the adjustment results are described. Totally 68 cases for o-files analysis were selected. They were created as a combination of separate parameters. Different combinations were created by changing values of 8 parameters. The analysis of each parameter influence is described in tha separate section. Conclusions and some baselines accuracy charts are presented in the end of the paper.

Summary In this article the quality of the second order Lithuanian GPS network adjustment is cons... more Summary In this article the quality of the second order Lithuanian GPS network adjustment is considered by three software tool packages: Fillnet, Turbonet and Geosecma. In the analysis, the modified Student criterion defining the influence of large errors on the adjusted values of composite chords was employed. The essential difference between the Fillnet software tool and Turbonet software tool is that in Fillnet software tool the chord composite covariance is ignored, while in Turbonet software tool this fact is taken in account. On the basis of Student statistics there is shown that the covariance influence is sufficiently essential. Moreover, by ignoring the covariance the incorrect accuracy was obtained estimating the adjusted values, which is relatively better. Then the real confidence intervals for the adjusted coordinate depatures are much larger then those shown by the software tools that ignore the covariance factor. Finally, using the Student statistics the influence of t...

Summary Lithuanian national second order GPS network was started to establish in 1994 after the m... more Summary Lithuanian national second order GPS network was started to establish in 1994 after the measurements of Lithuanian national first order GPS network. 2969 vectors have been observed between 529 points in one and a half year. Main features of processing and adjusting the second order GPS network are studied in the paper. RMS of vectors and their distribution are presented. Mean RMS of the vector is 12 mm. Three parts with common points have been established in one and a half year and they form the second order GPS network. The discrepancies of the point coordinates of separately adjusted parts of network as well as discrepancies of the coordinates between common adjustment and separate parts of network are presented. Observations of part of network were repeated after one year in order to write the network parts. Mean discrepancies of the point coordinates were 11 mm, in comparison with previous observations.

Baltica

We presented a concept of a modern gravimetric-geodetic survey, the data processing and analysis ... more We presented a concept of a modern gravimetric-geodetic survey, the data processing and analysis of gravimetric observations and, ultimately, a new gravimetric map of the territory of Lithuania. In this connection, we outlined the applied algorithms for calculating free-air gravity anomalies and Bouguer anomalies, as well as assessed their accuracy and the accuracies of other parameters. The following accuracies were obtained: 0.021 mGal for uncertainties of gravity acceleration according to differences detected at control points, 0.025 m for coordinates, 0.015 m for ellipsoidal heights, 0.073 mGal for Bouguer anomalies, and 0.326 mGal for interpolated Bouguer anomalies. We further described the content of the gravimetric map. The map shows gravity measurement points together with their recorded value of Bouguer anomaly. Isoanomalies of gravity acceleration are drawn every 2 mGal. The scale of the map is 1:200,000. The printed version of the gravimetric map of the territory of Lithu...

Geodesy and Cartography, 2011

Lithuania has been participating in the activities of the EUREF permanent network since 1996, whe... more Lithuania has been participating in the activities of the EUREF permanent network since 1996, when GPS station VILNIUS started regular continuous tracking of GPS satellites. The GPS station was established with a help of the Onsala Space Observatory (Sweden) and was mounted in the territory of Vilnius international airport (Lithuania). Four character identifier VLNS and DOMES number 10801M001 were assigned to VILNIUS GPS station by the International Earth Rotation Service in 1999. VILNIUS station is operated and maintained by the Institute of Geodesy of Vilnius Technical University. The main task of the permanent VLNS GPS station is to take part in EUREF activities and serve as reference to GPS campaigns in Lithuania. The aim of this paper is to describe the evolution and current status of the technical equipment of VILNIUS station. The paper also presents the analysis of data quality and a few years interval of coordinate determination at VLNS within the EUREF network. Santrauka EU...

Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering"

New research of Lithuanian territory gravity field was started in 2016 with aim to improve accura... more New research of Lithuanian territory gravity field was started in 2016 with aim to improve accuracy of quasigeoid as well as accuracy of normal heights determined by methods of satellite geodesy. Obtained data could be used in the research of geophysics, geodynamics as well as in performing the precise navigation. Quartz automatic gravimeters Scintrex CG-5 are planned to be used for the survey consisting of 30000 points. Method of gravity measurements was worked out. RMS error of gravity determined with this method does not exceed 60 @Gal. Coordinates and heights of measured points are determined with GNSS using LitPOS network and LIT15G quasigeoid model. RMS error of coordinate determination does not exceed 0,20 m, for normal heights – 0,15 m. Method of gravity anomalies determination and their accuracy estimation was prepared.

The methodology of all kinds of geodetic measurements of the Geodetic Vertical Second Order Netwo... more The methodology of all kinds of geodetic measurements of the Geodetic Vertical Second Order Network, the information on the observation data received and main results of the accuracy estimation and adjustment of the network are presented. In 2006 the development of the Geodetic Vertical First Order Network of Lithuania was completed. It was the basis to adopt the Height System of Lithuania (LAS07). The densification of the Geodetic Vertical First Order Network started in 2010 by development of the Geodetic Vertical Second Order Network. The Second Order Network consists of 74 levelling lines, and total length of them is 3087 km. In the period of 2010–2013 the 16 levelling lines (814 km) were observed. Rest of levelling lines were observed in 2013–2016. Total number of benchmarks is 2099. The levelling was executed by digital levels Trimble DiNi12 and coded rods Nedo LD13. All ground benchmarks were positioned by GPS receivers Trimble 5700 and Trimble Zephyr Geodetic antennas. LitPOS...

Summary The Zero Order GPS Network covering the territories of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania was ... more Summary The Zero Order GPS Network covering the territories of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania was established in 1992, during the international EUREF BAL'92 GPS campaign. Errors of four Lithuanian Zero Order GPS Network stations with respect of reference stations in Denmark, Finland, Germany and Sweden do not exceed 9 mm in latitude and longitude and around 30 mm in ellipsoidal heights. The First Order GPS Network was designed and observed in 1992–1993 by the Geodetic Institute, Vilnius Technical University. There are 48 stations evenly spread all over the country. New System of Coordinates LKS 94 was introduced by National Lithuanian GPS Network as a reference. It has ties to the Coordinate Systems existing in the Europe and in the World. The Second Order GPS Network (consisting of 1026 stations) was measured and adjusted in 1994–1996 by Geodetic Institute as well. Average distance between stations 8 kilometers. Two stations located at the Vilnius and Siauliai Airports are inclu...

Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica, 2015

The authors of the paper present analysis of the baseline calibration results that they have perf... more The authors of the paper present analysis of the baseline calibration results that they have performed. The Kyvišk_ es Calibration Baseline (1320 m) is the longest calibration baseline in Lithuania. The baseline was established by the Institute of Geodesy, VGTU in 1996 for calibration of the EDM instruments. The Finnish Geodetic Institute together with the Institute of Geodesy, VGTU is calibrating the Kyvišk_ es Calibration Baseline regularly. The first time these measurements were performed in 1997 and repeated in 2001, 2007, 2008 and 2014. The same Kern Mekometer ME5000 EDM instrument was used for all the measurements performed. By building additional pillar aside from the baseline pillars the Kyvišk_ es Baseline was converted to a triangle-shaped test field in 2000. The results confirm good stability of the baseline, which is now used for calibration of the EDM instruments, total stations and GNSS receivers. The calibration results reveal a slight variation in the baseline length correlated with temperature changes.

The 9th International Conference "Environmental Engineering 2014", 2014

Activities of Lithuanian National Geodetic Vertical Reference Network (NGVRN) establishment are g... more Activities of Lithuanian National Geodetic Vertical Reference Network (NGVRN) establishment are going on since 1998. The goal of NGVRN establishment is a creation of new Lithuanian height reference suitable for present period practical and scientific needs. The Lithuanian Geodetic Vertical First Order Network consists of five polygons. Perimeter of the network is ca. 1900 km. Its development was finished in 2006. Connections of the first order vertical network with the vertical networks of neighbouring countries were established. All this creates good preconditions for determination of relations between height systems and for introduction of a new Lithuanian geodetic vertical (height) system. But this network is not dense enough to transfer the geodetic vertical system to the all territory of Lithuania and to improve the geoid model. It is necessary to dense available First Order Geodetic Vertical Network by developing the Second Order Geodetic Vertical Network. The territory of Lithuania is divided into five regions. Borders of the regions are First Order Network levelling lines and lines connecting Lithuanian national Vertical Network to the corresponding networks of the neighbouring countries. The regions are called: South, East, North, West and Centre. The design of the Second Order Geodetic Vertical Network is presented. The necessary density, accuracy of the geopotential numbers and ellipsoidal heights are discussed. Some results of the geodetic measurements are presented too.

Geodesy and Cartography, 2011

Lithuania has been participating in the activities of the EUREF permanent network since 1996, whe... more Lithuania has been participating in the activities of the EUREF permanent network since 1996, when GPS station VILNIUS started regular continuous tracking of GPS satellites. The GPS station was established with a help of the Onsala Space Observatory (Sweden) and was mounted in the territory of Vilnius international airport (Lithuania). Four character identifier VLNS and DOMES number 10801M001 were assigned

Geodezija ir kartografija, Sep 11, 2012

Summary In this article the quality of the second order Lithuanian GPS network adjustment is cons... more Summary In this article the quality of the second order Lithuanian GPS network adjustment is considered by three software tool packages: Fillnet, Turbonet and Geosecma. In the analysis, the modified Student criterion defining the influence of large errors on the adjusted values of composite chords was employed. The essential difference between the Fillnet software tool and Turbonet software tool is that in Fillnet software tool the chord composite covariance is ignored, while in Turbonet software tool this fact is taken in account. On the basis of Student statistics there is shown that the covariance influence is sufficiently essential. Moreover, by ignoring the covariance the incorrect accuracy was obtained estimating the adjusted values, which is relatively better. Then the real confidence intervals for the adjusted coordinate depatures are much larger then those shown by the software tools that ignore the covariance factor. Finally, using the Student statistics the influence of the systematic errors on...

Activities of Lithuanian National Geodetic Vertical Reference Network (NGVRN) establishment are g... more Activities of Lithuanian National Geodetic Vertical Reference Network (NGVRN) establishment are going on since 1998. The goal of NGVRN establishment is a creation of new Lithuanian height reference suitable for present period practical and scientific needs. The Lithuanian Geodetic Vertical First Order Network consists of five polygons. Perimeter of the network is ca. 1900 km. Its development was finished in 2006. Connections of the first order vertical network with the vertical networks of neighbouring countries were established. All this creates good preconditions for determination of relations between height systems and for introduction of a new Lithuanian geodetic vertical (height) system. But this network is not dense enough to transfer the geodetic vertical system to the all territory of Lithuania and to improve the geoid model. It is necessary to dense available First Order Geodetic Vertical Network by developing the Second Order Geodetic Vertical Network. The territory of Lithuania is divided into five regions. Borders of the regions are First Order Network levelling lines and lines connecting Lithuanian national Vertical Network to the corresponding networks of the neighbouring countries. The regions are called: South, East, North, West and Centre. The design of the Second Order Geodetic Vertical Network is presented. The necessary density, accuracy of the geopotential numbers and ellipsoidal heights are discussed. Some results of the geodetic measurements are presented too.

Geodezija ir kartografija, Sep 27, 2012

Summary The Lithuanian first order GPS network was established in the 1993. Observations were per... more Summary The Lithuanian first order GPS network was established in the 1993. Observations were performed with 4 two frequency Ashtech P-12 GPS receivers. The influences of individual parameters on the adjustment results are described. Totally 68 cases for o-files analysis were selected. They were created as a combination of separate parameters. Different combinations were created by changing values of 8 parameters. The analysis of each parameter influence is described in tha separate section. Conclusions and some baselines accuracy charts are presented in the end of the paper.

Geodezija ir kartografija, Sep 11, 2012

Summary Lithuanian national second order GPS network was started to establish in 1994 after the m... more Summary Lithuanian national second order GPS network was started to establish in 1994 after the measurements of Lithuanian national first order GPS network. 2969 vectors have been observed between 529 points in one and a half year. Main features of processing and adjusting the second order GPS network are studied in the paper. RMS of vectors and their distribution are presented. Mean RMS of the vector is 12 mm. Three parts with common points have been established in one and a half year and they form the second order GPS network. The discrepancies of the point coordinates of separately adjusted parts of network as well as discrepancies of the coordinates between common adjustment and separate parts of network are presented. Observations of part of network were repeated after one year in order to write the network parts. Mean discrepancies of the point coordinates were 11 mm, in comparison with previous observations.

Baltica, 2022

We presented a concept of a modern gravimetric-geodetic survey, the data processing and analysis ... more We presented a concept of a modern gravimetric-geodetic survey, the data processing and analysis of gravimetric observations and, ultimately, a new gravimetric map of the territory of Lithuania. In this connection, we outlined the applied algorithms for calculating free-air gravity anomalies and Bouguer anomalies, as well as assessed their accuracy and the accuracies of other parameters. The following accuracies were obtained: 0.021 mGal for uncertainties of gravity acceleration according to differences detected at control points, 0.025 m for coordinates, 0.015 m for ellipsoidal heights, 0.073 mGal for Bouguer anomalies, and 0.326 mGal for interpolated Bouguer anomalies. We further described the content of the gravimetric map. The map shows gravity measurement points together with their recorded value of Bouguer anomaly. Isoanomalies of gravity acceleration are drawn every 2 mGal. The scale of the map is 1:200,000. The printed version of the gravimetric map of the territory of Lithuania consists of 15 pages (50 × 50 cm).

Summary The Lithuanian first order GPS network was established in the 1993. Observations were per... more Summary The Lithuanian first order GPS network was established in the 1993. Observations were performed with 4 two frequency Ashtech P-12 GPS receivers. The influences of individual parameters on the adjustment results are described. Totally 68 cases for o-files analysis were selected. They were created as a combination of separate parameters. Different combinations were created by changing values of 8 parameters. The analysis of each parameter influence is described in tha separate section. Conclusions and some baselines accuracy charts are presented in the end of the paper.

Summary In this article the quality of the second order Lithuanian GPS network adjustment is cons... more Summary In this article the quality of the second order Lithuanian GPS network adjustment is considered by three software tool packages: Fillnet, Turbonet and Geosecma. In the analysis, the modified Student criterion defining the influence of large errors on the adjusted values of composite chords was employed. The essential difference between the Fillnet software tool and Turbonet software tool is that in Fillnet software tool the chord composite covariance is ignored, while in Turbonet software tool this fact is taken in account. On the basis of Student statistics there is shown that the covariance influence is sufficiently essential. Moreover, by ignoring the covariance the incorrect accuracy was obtained estimating the adjusted values, which is relatively better. Then the real confidence intervals for the adjusted coordinate depatures are much larger then those shown by the software tools that ignore the covariance factor. Finally, using the Student statistics the influence of t...

Summary Lithuanian national second order GPS network was started to establish in 1994 after the m... more Summary Lithuanian national second order GPS network was started to establish in 1994 after the measurements of Lithuanian national first order GPS network. 2969 vectors have been observed between 529 points in one and a half year. Main features of processing and adjusting the second order GPS network are studied in the paper. RMS of vectors and their distribution are presented. Mean RMS of the vector is 12 mm. Three parts with common points have been established in one and a half year and they form the second order GPS network. The discrepancies of the point coordinates of separately adjusted parts of network as well as discrepancies of the coordinates between common adjustment and separate parts of network are presented. Observations of part of network were repeated after one year in order to write the network parts. Mean discrepancies of the point coordinates were 11 mm, in comparison with previous observations.

Baltica

We presented a concept of a modern gravimetric-geodetic survey, the data processing and analysis ... more We presented a concept of a modern gravimetric-geodetic survey, the data processing and analysis of gravimetric observations and, ultimately, a new gravimetric map of the territory of Lithuania. In this connection, we outlined the applied algorithms for calculating free-air gravity anomalies and Bouguer anomalies, as well as assessed their accuracy and the accuracies of other parameters. The following accuracies were obtained: 0.021 mGal for uncertainties of gravity acceleration according to differences detected at control points, 0.025 m for coordinates, 0.015 m for ellipsoidal heights, 0.073 mGal for Bouguer anomalies, and 0.326 mGal for interpolated Bouguer anomalies. We further described the content of the gravimetric map. The map shows gravity measurement points together with their recorded value of Bouguer anomaly. Isoanomalies of gravity acceleration are drawn every 2 mGal. The scale of the map is 1:200,000. The printed version of the gravimetric map of the territory of Lithu...

Geodesy and Cartography, 2011

Lithuania has been participating in the activities of the EUREF permanent network since 1996, whe... more Lithuania has been participating in the activities of the EUREF permanent network since 1996, when GPS station VILNIUS started regular continuous tracking of GPS satellites. The GPS station was established with a help of the Onsala Space Observatory (Sweden) and was mounted in the territory of Vilnius international airport (Lithuania). Four character identifier VLNS and DOMES number 10801M001 were assigned to VILNIUS GPS station by the International Earth Rotation Service in 1999. VILNIUS station is operated and maintained by the Institute of Geodesy of Vilnius Technical University. The main task of the permanent VLNS GPS station is to take part in EUREF activities and serve as reference to GPS campaigns in Lithuania. The aim of this paper is to describe the evolution and current status of the technical equipment of VILNIUS station. The paper also presents the analysis of data quality and a few years interval of coordinate determination at VLNS within the EUREF network. Santrauka EU...

Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering"

New research of Lithuanian territory gravity field was started in 2016 with aim to improve accura... more New research of Lithuanian territory gravity field was started in 2016 with aim to improve accuracy of quasigeoid as well as accuracy of normal heights determined by methods of satellite geodesy. Obtained data could be used in the research of geophysics, geodynamics as well as in performing the precise navigation. Quartz automatic gravimeters Scintrex CG-5 are planned to be used for the survey consisting of 30000 points. Method of gravity measurements was worked out. RMS error of gravity determined with this method does not exceed 60 @Gal. Coordinates and heights of measured points are determined with GNSS using LitPOS network and LIT15G quasigeoid model. RMS error of coordinate determination does not exceed 0,20 m, for normal heights – 0,15 m. Method of gravity anomalies determination and their accuracy estimation was prepared.

The methodology of all kinds of geodetic measurements of the Geodetic Vertical Second Order Netwo... more The methodology of all kinds of geodetic measurements of the Geodetic Vertical Second Order Network, the information on the observation data received and main results of the accuracy estimation and adjustment of the network are presented. In 2006 the development of the Geodetic Vertical First Order Network of Lithuania was completed. It was the basis to adopt the Height System of Lithuania (LAS07). The densification of the Geodetic Vertical First Order Network started in 2010 by development of the Geodetic Vertical Second Order Network. The Second Order Network consists of 74 levelling lines, and total length of them is 3087 km. In the period of 2010–2013 the 16 levelling lines (814 km) were observed. Rest of levelling lines were observed in 2013–2016. Total number of benchmarks is 2099. The levelling was executed by digital levels Trimble DiNi12 and coded rods Nedo LD13. All ground benchmarks were positioned by GPS receivers Trimble 5700 and Trimble Zephyr Geodetic antennas. LitPOS...

Summary The Zero Order GPS Network covering the territories of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania was ... more Summary The Zero Order GPS Network covering the territories of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania was established in 1992, during the international EUREF BAL'92 GPS campaign. Errors of four Lithuanian Zero Order GPS Network stations with respect of reference stations in Denmark, Finland, Germany and Sweden do not exceed 9 mm in latitude and longitude and around 30 mm in ellipsoidal heights. The First Order GPS Network was designed and observed in 1992–1993 by the Geodetic Institute, Vilnius Technical University. There are 48 stations evenly spread all over the country. New System of Coordinates LKS 94 was introduced by National Lithuanian GPS Network as a reference. It has ties to the Coordinate Systems existing in the Europe and in the World. The Second Order GPS Network (consisting of 1026 stations) was measured and adjusted in 1994–1996 by Geodetic Institute as well. Average distance between stations 8 kilometers. Two stations located at the Vilnius and Siauliai Airports are inclu...

Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica, 2015

The authors of the paper present analysis of the baseline calibration results that they have perf... more The authors of the paper present analysis of the baseline calibration results that they have performed. The Kyvišk_ es Calibration Baseline (1320 m) is the longest calibration baseline in Lithuania. The baseline was established by the Institute of Geodesy, VGTU in 1996 for calibration of the EDM instruments. The Finnish Geodetic Institute together with the Institute of Geodesy, VGTU is calibrating the Kyvišk_ es Calibration Baseline regularly. The first time these measurements were performed in 1997 and repeated in 2001, 2007, 2008 and 2014. The same Kern Mekometer ME5000 EDM instrument was used for all the measurements performed. By building additional pillar aside from the baseline pillars the Kyvišk_ es Baseline was converted to a triangle-shaped test field in 2000. The results confirm good stability of the baseline, which is now used for calibration of the EDM instruments, total stations and GNSS receivers. The calibration results reveal a slight variation in the baseline length correlated with temperature changes.

The 9th International Conference "Environmental Engineering 2014", 2014

Activities of Lithuanian National Geodetic Vertical Reference Network (NGVRN) establishment are g... more Activities of Lithuanian National Geodetic Vertical Reference Network (NGVRN) establishment are going on since 1998. The goal of NGVRN establishment is a creation of new Lithuanian height reference suitable for present period practical and scientific needs. The Lithuanian Geodetic Vertical First Order Network consists of five polygons. Perimeter of the network is ca. 1900 km. Its development was finished in 2006. Connections of the first order vertical network with the vertical networks of neighbouring countries were established. All this creates good preconditions for determination of relations between height systems and for introduction of a new Lithuanian geodetic vertical (height) system. But this network is not dense enough to transfer the geodetic vertical system to the all territory of Lithuania and to improve the geoid model. It is necessary to dense available First Order Geodetic Vertical Network by developing the Second Order Geodetic Vertical Network. The territory of Lithuania is divided into five regions. Borders of the regions are First Order Network levelling lines and lines connecting Lithuanian national Vertical Network to the corresponding networks of the neighbouring countries. The regions are called: South, East, North, West and Centre. The design of the Second Order Geodetic Vertical Network is presented. The necessary density, accuracy of the geopotential numbers and ellipsoidal heights are discussed. Some results of the geodetic measurements are presented too.

Geodesy and Cartography, 2011

Lithuania has been participating in the activities of the EUREF permanent network since 1996, whe... more Lithuania has been participating in the activities of the EUREF permanent network since 1996, when GPS station VILNIUS started regular continuous tracking of GPS satellites. The GPS station was established with a help of the Onsala Space Observatory (Sweden) and was mounted in the territory of Vilnius international airport (Lithuania). Four character identifier VLNS and DOMES number 10801M001 were assigned